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3. Pharmacological treatment of asthma in a cohort of adults during a 20-year period: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey I, II and III

Author

Christer Janson, Simone Accordini, Lucia Cazzoletti, Isa Cerveri, Sebastien Chanoine, Angelo Corsico, Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, David Gislason, Rune Nielsen, Ane Johannessen, Rain Jogi, Andrei Malinovschi, Jesús Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, Alessandro Marcon, Isabelle Pin, Jennifer Quint, Valerie Siroux, Enrique Almar, Valeria Bellisario, Karl A. Franklin, José A. Gullón, Mathias Holm, Joachim Heinrich, Dennis Nowak, José Luis Sánchez-Ramos, Joost J. Weyler, Deborah Jarvis, The members of the ECRHS I scientific team., P. Burney, S. Chinn, C. Luczynska, D. Jarvis, E. Lai, P. Vermeire, H. Kesteloot, J. Bousquet, D. Nowak, J. Prichard, R. de Marco, B. Rijcken, J.M. Anto, J. Sunyer, J. Alves, G. Boman, N. Nielsen, P. Paoletti, M. Abramson, J. Kutin, F. van Bastelaer, R. Jõgi, A. Taytard, I. Pin, C. Pison, F. Neukirch, R. Liard, J. Knani, H-E. Wichmann, J. Heinrich, H. Magnussen, T. Gislason, D. Gislason, A. Marinoni, I. Cerveri, M. Bugiani, C. Bucca, C. Romano, L. Cascio, C. Campello, J. Droste, M. Kerkhof, A. Gulsvik, E. Omenaas, J. Martinez-Moratalla, E. Almar, A. Mateos, M. Arévalo, A. Sánchez, M. Vizcaya, X. Aguilar, A. Teixidó, J.M. Antó, M. Kogevinas, F. Burgos, J. Castellsagué, J. Roca, JB. Soriano, A. Tobías, N. Muiñozguren, J. Ramos González, A. Capelastegui, J. Maldonado Pérez, A. Pereira, J. Sánchez, J. Quiros, I. Huerta, F. Payo, N. Lindholm, P. Plaschke, C. Janson, E. Björnsson, L. Rosenhall, E. Norrman, B. Lundbäck, U. Ackermann-Liebrich, N. Küenzli, A. Perruchoud, M. Burr, J. Layzell, R. Hall, B. Harrison, The members of the ECRHS II scientific team., J. Knox, M. Wjst, N. Kuenzli, E.H. Walters, J. Raven, J. Weyler, M. van Sprundel, V. Nelen, A. Soon, C. Raherison, J. Ferran-Quentin, B. Leynaert, M. Zureik, P.J. Bousquet, C. Frye, I. Meyer, E. Bjornsson, K.B. Jörundsdóttir, S. Villani, M. Ponzio, F. Frigerio, M. Comelli, M. Grassi, A. Corsico, R. Bono, P. Piccioni, E. Caria, A. Carosso, E. Migliore, G. Castiglioni, G. Verlato, E. Zanolin, S. Accordini, A. Poli, V. Lo Cascio, M. Ferrari, I. Cazzoletti, C. Svanes, B. Laerum, J. Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, C. Boix, G. González, J.M. Ignacio García, J. Solera, J. Damián, J.P. Zock, X. Basagaña, A. Jaen, C. Acosta, N. Muñozguren, J. Ramos, I. Urrutia, U. Aguirre, J. Maldonado, J.L. Sanchez, A. de la Vega, L. Palenciano, J. Azofra, A. Cañada, K. Toren, L. Lillienberg, A.C. Olin, B. Balder, A. Pfeifer-Nilsson, R. Sundberg, D. Norback, G. Wieslander, M. Gunnbjornsdottir, M. Soderberg, K.A. Franklin, B. Lundback, B. Forsberg, L. Nystrom, B. Dibbert, M. Hazenkamp, M. Brutsche, D. Seaton, The members of the ECRHS III scientific team., M. Tumilty, J. Potts, T. Gislasson, T. Rochat, B. Leyneart, G. Benke, S. Dharmage, B. Thompson, S. Kaushik, M. Matheson, H. Bentouhami, H. Orru, P.O. Girodet, V. Siroux, J. Ferran, J.L. Cracowski, P. Demoly, A. Bourdin, I. Vachier, D. Soussan, D. Courbon, C. Neukirch, L. Alavoine, X. Duval, I. Poirier, E. Becker, G. Woelke, O. Manuwald, A-M. Kirsten, B. Benediktsdottir, E.S. Arnardottir, M. Clausen, G. Gudmundsson, L. Gudmundsdottir, H. Palsdottir, K. Olafsdottir, S. Sigmundsdottir, K. Bara-Jörundsdottir, A. Grosso, F. Albicini, E. Gini, E.M. Di Vincenzo, V. Ronzoni, F. Campanella, M. Gnesi, F. Manzoni, L. Rossi, O. Ferraro, R. Tassinari, V. Bellisario, G. Trucco, L. Calciano, L. Cazzoletti, A.M. Fratta Pasini, F. Locatelli, P. Marchetti, A. Marcon, E. Montoli, G. Nguyen, M. Olivieri, C. Papadopoulou, C. Posenato, G. Pesce, P. Vallerio, H.M. Boezen, A. Johannessen, T. Skorge, F. Gomez Real, S. García, A. Núñez, P. López, R. Sánchez, E. Mancebo, J-M. Antó, J. Garcia-Aymerich, A.E. Carsin, C. Sanjuas, S. Guerra, B. Jacquemin, P. Davdand Galdakao, S. Pascual, J. Antonio Maldonado, J.L. Sánchez, L. Palacios, N. Sánchez, M. Fernández, B. Robles, K. Torén, M. Holm, J-L. Kim, A-C. Olin, A. Dahlman-Höglund, L. Braback, L. Modig, B. Järvholm, K.A. Bertilsson, H. Franklin, C. Wahlgreen, B. Andersson, U. Spetz Nystrom, G.M. Bodinaa Lund, K. Nisser, N.M. Probst-Hensch, N. Künzli, D. Stolz, C. Schindler, J.M. Gaspoz, E. Zemp Stutz, M. Adam, C. Autenrieth, I. Curjuric, J. Dratva, A. Di Pasquale, R. Ducret-Stich, E. Fischer, L. Grize, A. Hensel, D. Keidel, A. Kumar, M. Imboden, N. Maire, A. Mehta, H. Phuleria, M. Ragettli, M. Ritter, E. Schaffner, G.A. Thun, A. Ineichen, T. Schikowski, M. Tarantino, M. Tsai, S. Kapur, R. Newson, N. Innes, and A. Wilson

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Asthma often remains uncontrolled, despite the fact that the pharmacological treatment has undergone large changes. We studied changes in the treatment of asthma over a 20-year period and identified factors associated with the regular use of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment. Changes in the use of medication were determined in 4617 randomly selected subjects, while changes in adults with persistent asthma were analysed in 369 participants. The study compares data from three surveys in 24 centres in 11 countries. The use of ICSs increased from 1.7% to 5.9% in the general population and the regular use of ICSs increased from 19% to 34% among persistent asthmatic subjects. The proportion of asthmatic subjects reporting asthma attacks in the last 12 months decreased, while the proportion that had seen a doctor in the last 12 months remained unchanged (42%). Subjects with asthma who had experienced attacks or had seen a doctor were more likely to use ICSs on a regular basis. Although ICS use has increased, only one-third of subjects with persistent asthma take ICSs on a regular basis. Less than half had seen a doctor during the last year. This indicates that underuse of ICSs and lack of regular healthcare contacts remains a problem in the management of asthma.

Published
2019
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4. Subsidence monitoring with geotechnical instruments in the Mexicali Valley, Baja California, Mexico

Author

E. Glowacka, O. Sarychikhina, V. H. Márquez Ramírez, B. Robles, F. A. Nava, F. Farfán, and M. A. García Arthur

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The Mexicali Valley (northwestern Mexico), situated in the southern part of the San Andreas fault system, is an area with high tectonic deformation, recent volcanism, and active seismicity. Since 1973, fluid extraction, from the 1500–3000 m depth range, at the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field (CPGF), has influenced deformation in the Mexicali Valley area, accelerating the subsidence and causing slip along the traces of tectonic faults that limit the subsidence area. Detailed field mapping done since 1989 (González et al., 1998; Glowacka et al., 2005; Suárez-Vidal et al., 2008) in the vicinity of the CPGF shows that many subsidence induced fractures, fissures, collapse features, small grabens, and fresh scarps are related to the known tectonic faults. Subsidence and fault rupture are causing damage to infrastructure, such as roads, railroad tracks, irrigation channels, and agricultural fields. Since 1996, geotechnical instruments installed by CICESE (Centro de Investigación Ciéntifica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, B.C.) have operated in the Mexicali Valley, for continuous recording of deformation phenomena. Instruments are installed over or very close to the affected faults. To date, the network includes four crackmeters and eight tiltmeters; all instruments have sampling intervals in the 1 to 20 min range. Instrumental records typically show continuous creep, episodic slip events related mainly to the subsidence process, and coseismic slip discontinuities (Glowacka et al., 1999, 2005, 2010; Sarychikhina et al., 2015). The area has also been monitored by levelling surveys every few years and, since the 1990's by studies based on DInSAR data (Carnec and Fabriol, 1999; Hansen, 2001; Sarychikhina et al., 2011). In this work we use data from levelling, DInSAR, and geotechnical instruments records to compare the subsidence caused by anthropogenic activity and/or seismicity with slip recorded by geotechnical instruments, in an attempt to obtain more information about the process of fault slip associated with subsidence.

Published
2015
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5. Mechanical ventilation in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a sub-analysis of the LUNG SAFE study

Author

Amado-Rodríguez, Laura, Rodríguez-Garcia, Raquel, Bellani, Giacomo, Pham, Tài, Fan, Eddy, Madotto, Fabiana, Laffey, John G, Albaiceta, Guillermo M, Antonio Pesenti, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, DanielF McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, Fernando Rios, Frank Van Haren, Thierry Sottiaux, Pieter Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Sanatorio Las Lomas, San Isidro, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J Rodgers, Rebecca T Millar, Toni E McKenna, Irene M Bailey, Gabrielle C Hanlon, Anders Aneman, Joan M Lynch, Raman Azad, John Neal, Paul W Woods, Brigit L Roberts, Mark R Kol, Helen S Wong, Katharina C Riss, Thomas Staudinger, Xavier Wittebole, Caroline Berghe, Pierre A Bulpa, Alain M Dive, Rik Verstraete, Herve Lebbinck, Joris Vermassen, Philippe Meersseman, Helga Ceunen, JonasI Rosa, Daniel O Beraldo, Claudio Piras, Adenilton M Rampinelli, Antonio P Nassar Jr, Sergio Mataloun, Marcelo Moock, MarlusM Thompson, Claudio H Gonçalves, Ana Carolina P Antônio, Aline Ascoli, Rodrigo S Biondi, Danielle C Fontenele, Danielle Nobrega, Vanessa M Sales, Ahmad Yazid BinHJAbul Wahab, Maizatul Ismail, Suresh Shindhe, John Laffey, Francois Beloncle, Kyle G Davies, Rob Cirone, Venika Manoharan, Mehvish Ismail, Ewan C Goligher, Mandeep Jassal, Erin Nishikawa, Areej Javeed, Gerard Curley, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Matteo Parotto, Niall D Ferguson, Sangeeta Mehta, Jenny Knoll, Antoine Pronovost, Sergio Canestrini, Alejandro R Bruhn, Patricio H Garcia, Felipe A Aliaga, Pamela A Farías, Jacob S Yumha, Claudia A Ortiz, Javier E Salas, Alejandro A Saez, Luis D Vega, Eduardo F Labarca, Felipe T Martinez, Nicolás G Carreño, Pilar Lora, Haitao Liu, Ling Liu, Rui Tang, Xiaoming Luo, Youzhong An, Huiying Zhao, Yan Gao, Zhe Zhai, Zheng L Ye, Wei Wang, Wenwen Li, Qingdong Li, Ruiqiang Zheng, Wenkui Yu, Juanhong Shen, Xinyu Li, Tao Yu, Weihua Lu, Ya Q Wu, Xiao B Huang, Zhenyang He, Yuanhua Lu, Hui Han, Fan Zhang, Renhua Sun, Hua X Wang, Shu H Qin, Bao H Zhu, Jun Zhao, Jian Liu, Bin Li, Jing L Liu, Fa C Zhou, Qiong J Li, Xing Y Zhang, Zhou Li-Xin, Qiang Xin-Hua, Liangyan Jiang, Yuan N Gao, Xian Y Zhao, Yuan Y Li, Xiao L Li, Chunting Wang, Qingchun Yao, Rongguo Yu, Kai Chen, Huanzhang Shao, Bingyu Qin, Qing Q Huang, Wei H Zhu, Ai Y Hang, Ma X Hua, Yimin Li, Yonghao Xu, Yu D Di, Long L Ling, Tie H Qin, ShouH Wang, Junping Qin, Yi Han, Suming Zhou, Monica P Vargas, Juan I Silesky Jimenez, Manuel A González Rojas, Jaime E SolisQuesada, ChristianM Ramirez-Alfaro, Jan Máca, Peter Sklienka, Jakob Gjedsted, Aage Christiansen, BorisG Villamagua, Iguel Llano, Philippe Burtin, Gautier Buzancais, Pascal Beuret, Nicolas Pelletier, Satar Mortaza, Alain Mercat, Jonathan Chelly, Sébastien Jochmans, Nicolas Terzi, Cédric Daubin, Guillaume Carteaux, Nicolas de Prost, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Fabrice Daviaud, Muriel Fartoukh, Guillaume Barberet, Jerome Biehler, Jean Dellamonica, Denis Doyen, Jean-Michel Arnal, Anais Briquet, Sami Hraiech, Laurent Papazian, Arnaud Follin, Damien Roux, Jonathan Messika, Evangelos Kalaitzis, Laurence Dangers, Alain Combes, Gaetan Béduneau, Dorothée Carpentier, Elie H Zogheib, Herve Dupont, Sylvie Ricome, FrancescoL Santoli, Sebastien L Besset, Philippe Michel, Bruno Gelée, Pierre-Eric Danin, Bernard Goubaux, Philippe J Crova, Nga T Phan, Frantz Berkelmans, Julio C Badie, Romain Tapponnier, Josette Gally, Samy Khebbeb, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Francis Schneider, PierreLouis M Declercq, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jacques Duranteau, Anatole Harrois, Russell Chabanne, Julien Marin, Charlene Bigot, Sandrine Thibault, Mohammed Ghazi, Messabi Boukhazna, Salem Ould Zein, Jack R Richecoeur, DanieleM Combaux, Fabien Grelon, Charlene Le Moal, EliseP Sauvadet, Adrien Robine, Virginie Lemiale, Danielle Reuter, Martin Dres, Alexandre Demoule, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Loredana Baboi, Claude Guérin, Ralph Lohner, Jens Kraßler, Susanne Schäfer, Kai D Zacharowski, Patrick Meybohm, Andreas W Reske, Philipp Simon, HansBernd F Hopf, Michael Schuetz, Thomas Baltus, Metaxia N Papanikolaou, Theonymfi G Papavasilopoulou, Giannis A Zacharas, Vasilis Ourailogloy, Eleni K Mouloudi, Eleni V Massa, Eva O Nagy, Electra E Stamou, Ellada V Kiourtzieva, Marina A Oikonomou, Luis E Avila, Cesar A Cortez, Johanna E Citalán, Sameer A Jog, Safal D Sable, Bhagyesh Shah, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind K Baronia, Mohammedfaruk Memon, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Venkatapura J Ramesh, Anitha Shenoy, Ramesh Unnikrishnan, Subhal B Dixit, RachanaV Rhayakar, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, VallishK Bhardwaj, HeeraL Mahto, Sudha V Sagar, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Deeban Ganesan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Hamidreza Jamaati, Farshad Heidari, Edel A Meaney, Alistair Nichol, Karl M Knapman, Donall O'Croinin, EimhinS Dunne, Dorothy M Breen, Kevin P Clarkson, Rola F Jaafar, Rory Dwyer, Fahd Amir, Olaitan O Ajetunmobi, Aogan C O'Muircheartaigh, ColinS Black, Nuala Treanor, Daniel V Collins, Wahid Altaf, Gianluca Zani, Maurizio Fusari, Savino Spadaro, Carlo A Volta, Romano Graziani, Barbara Brunettini, Salvatore Palmese, Paolo Formenti, Michele Umbrello, Andrea Lombardo, Elisabetta Pecci, Marco Botteri, Monica Savioli, Alessandro Protti, Alessia Mattei, Lorenzo Schiavoni, Andrea Tinnirello, Manuel Todeschini, Antonino Giarratano, Andrea Cortegiani, Sara Sher, Anna Rossi, Massimo M Antonelli, Luca M Montini, Paolo Casalena, Sergio Scafetti, Giovanna Panarello, Giovanna Occhipinti, Nicolò Patroniti, Matteo Pozzi, RobertoR Biscione, Michela M Poli, Ferdinando Raimondi, Daniela Albiero, Giulia Crapelli, Eduardo Beck, Vincenzo Pota, Vincenzo Schiavone, Alexandre Molin, Fabio Tarantino, Giacomo Monti, Elena Frati, Lucia Mirabella, Gilda Cinnella, Tommaso Fossali, Riccardo Colombo, Pierpaolo Terragni, Ilaria Pattarino, Francesco Mojoli, Antonio Braschi, Erika E Borotto, Andrea N Cracchiolo, Daniela M Palma, Francesco Raponi, Giuseppe Foti, EttoreR Vascotto, Andrea Coppadoro, Luca Brazzi, Leda Floris, Giorgio A Iotti, Aaron Venti, Osamu Yamaguchi, Shunsuke Takagi, Hiroki N Maeyama, Eizo Watanabe, Yoshihiro Yamaji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kyoko Shiozaki, Satoru Futami, Sekine Ryosuke, Koji Saito, Yoshinobu Kameyama, Keiko Ueno, Masayo Izawa, Nao Okuda, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomofumi Harasawa, Michitaka Nasu, Tadaaki Takada, Fumihito Ito, Shin Nunomiya, Kansuke Koyama, Toshikazu Abe, Kohkichi Andoh, Kohei Kusumoto, Akira Hirata, Akihiro Takaba, Hiroyasu Kimura, Shuhei Matsumoto, Ushio Higashijima, Hiroyuki Honda, Nobumasa Aoki, Hiroshi Imai, Yasuaki Ogino, Ichiko Mizuguchi, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Tomoaki Hashida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Daisuke Niimi, Takeshi Ueda, Yozo Kashiwa, Akinori Uchiyama, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Peteris Oss, Youssef Haddad, Kong Y Liew, Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva, YvesD Jarquin-Badiola, Luis A Sanchez-Hurtado, Saira S Gomez-Flores, Maria C Marin, AsiscloJ Villagomez, Jordana S Lemus, Jonathan M Fierro, Mavy Ramirez Cervantes, Francisco Javier Flores Mejia, Dulce Dector, Alejandro Rojas, Daniel R Gonzalez, Claudia R Estrella, Jorge R Sanchez-Medina, Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez, Fernando G George, Janet S Aguirre, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Tarek Dendane, Hicham Balkhi, Mina Elkhayari, Nacer Samkaoui, Hanane Ezzouine, Abdellatif Benslama, Mourad Amor, Wajdi Maazouzi, Nedim Cimic, Oliver Beck, Monique M Bruns, Jeroen A Schouten, Myra Rinia, Monique Raaijmakers, Hellen M Van Wezel, SergeJ Heines, Ulrich Strauch, Marc P Buise, Fabienne D Simonis, Marcus J Schultz, Jennifer C Goodson, Troy S Browne, Leanlove Navarra, Anna Hunt, Robyn A Hutchison, Mathew B Bailey, Lynette Newby, Colin McArthur, Michael Kalkoff, Alex Mcleod, Jonathan Casement, DanielleJ Hacking, Finn H Andersen, Merete S Dolva, Jon H Laake, Andreas Barratt-Due, Kim Andre L Noremark, Eldar Søreide, BritÅ Sjøbø, AnneB Guttormsen, Hector H LeonYoshido, Ronald Zumaran Aguilar, Fredy A Montes Oscanoa, Alain U Alisasis, Joanne B Robles, Rossini Abbie B Pasanting-Lim, Beatriz C Tan, Pawel Andruszkiewicz, Karina Jakubowska, Cristina M Coxo, António M Alvarez, Bruno S Oliveira, Gustavo M Montanha, Nelson C Barros, Carlos S Pereira, António M Messias, Jorge M Monteiro, AnaM Araujo, NunoT Catorze, Susan M Marum, Maria J Bouw, Rui M Gomes, Vania A Brito, Silvia Castro, Joana M Estilita, Filipa M Barros, IsabelM Serra, Aurelia M Martinho, Dana R Tomescu, Alexandra Marcu, Ovidiu H Bedreag, Marius Papurica, Dan E Corneci, Silvius Ioan Negoita, Evgeny Grigoriev, Alexey I Gritsan, Andrey A Gazenkampf, Ghaleb Almekhlafi, Mohamad M Albarrak, Ghanem M Mustafa, Khalid A Maghrabi, Nawal Salahuddin, Tharwat M Aisa, AhmedS AlJabbary, Edgardo Tabhan, YaseenM Arabi, Yaseen M Arabi, Olivia A Trinidad, Hasan M Al Dorzi, Edgardo E Tabhan, Vesna Bumbasirevic, Bojan Jovanovic, Stefan Bolon, Oliver Smith, Jordi Mancebo, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, JuanC Lopez-Delgado, Francisco Esteve, Gemma Rialp, Catalina Forteza, Candelaria De Haro, Antonio Artigas, GuillermoM Albaiceta, Sara De Cima-Iglesias, Leticia Seoane-Quiroga, Alexandra Ceniceros-Barros, AntonioL RuizAguilar, LuisM Claraco-Vega, Juan Alfonso Soler, Maria Del CarmenLorente, Cecilia Hermosa, Federico Gordo, Miryam PrietoGonzález, JuanB López-Messa, ManuelP Perez, CesarP Perez, Raquel Montoiro Allue, Ferran RocheCampo, Marcos Ibañez-Santacruz, Susana Temprano, Maria C Pintado, Raul De Pablo, Pilar Ricart Aroa Gómez, Silvia Rodriguez Ruiz, Silvia Iglesias Moles, M Teresa Jurado, Alfons Arizmendi, Enrique A Piacentini, Nieves Franco, Teresa Honrubia, Meisy Perez Cheng, Elena Perez Losada, Javier Blanco, Luis J Yuste, Cecilia Carbayo-Gorriz, Francisca G Cazorla-Barranquero, Javier G Alonso, Rosa S Alda, Ángela Algaba, Gonzalo Navarro, Enrique Cereijo, Esther Diaz-Rodriguez, Diego Pastor Marcos, Laura Alvarez Montero, Luis Herrera Para, Roberto Jimenez Sanchez, Miguel Angel Blasco Navalpotro, Ricardo Diaz Abad, Raquel Montiel González, Dácil Parrilla Toribio, Alejandro G Castro, Maria Jose D Artiga, Oscar Penuelas, Tomas P Roser, Moreno F Olga, Elena Gallego Curto, Rocío Manzano Sánchez, Vallverdu P Imma, Garcia M Elisabet, Laura Claverias, Monica Magret, Ana M Pellicer, Lucia L Rodriguez, Jesús Sánchez-Ballesteros, Ángela González-Salamanca, AntonioG Jimenez, FranciscoP Huerta, Juan Carlos J Sotillo Diaz, Esther Bermejo Lopez, David D Llinares Moya, Alec A Tallet Alfonso, Palazon Sanchez Eugenio Luis, Palazon Sanchez Cesar, Sánchez I Rafael, CorcolesG Virgilio, NoeliaN Recio, Richard O Adamsson, Christian C Rylander, Bernhard Holzgraefe, Lars M Broman, Joanna Wessbergh, Linnea Persson, Fredrik Schiöler, Hans Kedelv, Anna Oscarsson Tibblin, Henrik Appelberg, Lars Hedlund, Johan Helleberg, KarinE Eriksson, Rita Glietsch, Niklas Larsson, Ingela Nygren, SilviaL Nunes, Anna-Karin Morin, Thomas Kander, Anne Adolfsson, HervéO Zender, Corinne Leemann-Refondini, Souheil Elatrous, Slaheddine Bouchoucha, Imed Chouchene, Islem Ouanes, Asma Ben Souissi, Salma Kamoun, Oktay Demirkiran, Mustafa Aker, Emre Erbabacan, Ilkay Ceylan, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Menekse Ozcelik, Necmettin Ünal, Basak Ceyda Meco, OnatO Akyol, SuleymanS Derman, Barry Kennedy, Ken Parhar, Latha Srinivasa, Danny McAuley, Phil Hopkins, Clare Mellis, Vivek Kakar, Dan Hadfield, Andre Vercueil, Kaushik Bhowmick, Sally K Humphreys, Andrew Ferguson, Raymond Mckee, Ashok S Raj, Danielle A Fawkes, Philip Watt, Linda Twohey, Rajeev R Jha, Matthew Thomas, Alex Morton, Varsha Kadaba, Mark J Smith, Anil P Hormis, Santhana G Kannan, Miriam Namih, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Alek Kumar, Szabolcs Rugonfalvi, Christopher Nutt, Orla Oneill, Colette Seasman, Ged Dempsey, ChristopherJ Scott, HelenE Ellis, Stuart Mckechnie, PaulaJ Hutton, Nora N Di Tomasso, Michela N Vitale, Ruth O Griffin, MichaelN Dean, JuliusH Cranshaw, EmmaL Willett, Nicholas Ioannou, Sarah Gillis, Peter Csabi, Rosaleen Macfadyen, Heidi Dawson, PieterD Preez, Alexandra J Williams, Owen Boyd, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Jon Bramall, Sophie Symmonds, SimonK Chau, Tim Wenham, Tamas Szakmany, Piroska Toth-Tarsoly, KatieH McCalman, Peter Alexander, Lorraine Stephenson, Thomas Collyer, Rhiannon Chapman, Raphael Cooper, Russell M Allan, Malcolm Sim, David W Wrathall, DonaldA Irvine, Charing Kim S Zantua, John C Adams, Andrew J Burtenshaw, Gareth P Sellors, Ingeborg D Welters, Karen E Williams, Robert J Hessell, Matthew G Oldroyd, Ceri E Battle, Suresh Pillai, Istvan Kajtor, Mageswaran Sivashanmugavel, Sinead C Okane, Adrian Donnelly, Aniko D Frigyik, Jon P Careless, Martin M May, Richard Stewart, T John Trinder, SamanthaJ Hagan, JadeM Cole, Caroline C MacFie, AnnaT Dowling, Nicolás Nin, Edgardo Nuñez, Gustavo Pittini, Ruben Rodriguez, María C Imperio, Cristina Santos, Ana G França, Alejandro Ebeid, Alberto Deicas, Carolina Serra, Aditya Uppalapati, Ghassan Kamel, Valerie M BannerGoodspeed, Jeremy R Beitler, Satyanarayana Reddy Mukkera, Shreedhar Kulkarni, John O Shinn Iii, Dina Gomaa, Christopher Tainter, Jarone Lee, Tomaz Mesar, DaleJ Yeatts, Jessica Warren, MichaelJ Lanspa, Russel R Miller, ColinK Grissom, SamuelM Brown, Philippe R Bauer, Ryan J Gosselin, Barrett T Kitch, Jason E Cohen, Scott H Beegle, Shazia Choudry, Renaud M Gueret, Aiman Tulaimat, William Stigler, Hitesh Batra, Nidhi G Huff, Keith D Lamb, Trevor W Oetting, Nicholas M Mohr, Claine Judy, Shigeki Saito, Fayez M Kheir, Fayez Kheir, Adam B Schlichting, Angela Delsing, Daniel R Crouch, Mary Elmasri, Dina Ismail, Kyle R Dreyer, Thomas C Blakeman, Rebecca M Baro, Peter C Hou, Raghu Seethala, Imo Aisiku, Galen Henderson, Gyorgy Frendl, Sen-Kuang Hou, RobertL Owens, Ashley Schomer, Amado-Rodríguez, Laura, Rodríguez-Garcia, Raquel, Bellani, Giacomo, Pham, Tài, Fan, Eddy, Madotto, Fabiana, Laffey, John G, Albaiceta, Guillermo M, Antonio Pesenti, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, DanielF McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, Fernando Rios, Frank Van Haren, Thierry Sottiaux, Pieter Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Hermann Wrigge, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Anders Larsson, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, DanielF McAuley, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Sanatorio Las Lomas, San Isidro, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J Rodgers, Rebecca T Millar, Toni E McKenna, Irene M Bailey, Gabrielle C Hanlon, Anders Aneman, Joan M Lynch, Raman Azad, John Neal, Paul W Woods, Brigit L Roberts, Mark R Kol, Helen S Wong, Katharina C Riss, Thomas Staudinger, Xavier Wittebole, Caroline Berghe, Pierre A Bulpa, Alain M Dive, Rik Verstraete, Herve Lebbinck, Pieter Depuydt, Joris Vermassen, Philippe Meersseman, Helga Ceunen, JonasI Rosa, Daniel O Beraldo, Claudio Piras, Adenilton M Rampinelli, Antonio P Nassar Jr, Sergio Mataloun, Marcelo Moock, MarlusM Thompson, Claudio H Gonçalves, Ana Carolina P Antônio, Aline Ascoli, Rodrigo S Biondi, Danielle C Fontenele, Danielle Nobrega, Vanessa M Sales, Ahmad Yazid BinHJAbul Wahab, Maizatul Ismail, Suresh Shindhe, John Laffey, Francois Beloncle, Kyle G Davies, Rob Cirone, Venika Manoharan, Mehvish Ismail, Ewan C Goligher, Mandeep Jassal, Erin Nishikawa, Areej Javeed, Gerard Curley, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Matteo Parotto, Niall D Ferguson, Sangeeta Mehta, Jenny Knoll, Antoine Pronovost, Sergio Canestrini, Alejandro R Bruhn, Patricio H Garcia, Felipe A Aliaga, Pamela A Farías, Jacob S Yumha, Claudia A Ortiz, Javier E Salas, Alejandro A Saez, Luis D Vega, Eduardo F Labarca, Felipe T Martinez, Nicolás G Carreño, Pilar Lora, Haitao Liu, Haibo Qiu, Ling Liu, Rui Tang, Xiaoming Luo, Youzhong An, Huiying Zhao, Yan Gao, Zhe Zhai, Zheng L Ye, Wei Wang, Wenwen Li, Qingdong Li, Ruiqiang Zheng, Wenkui Yu, Juanhong Shen, Xinyu Li, Tao Yu, Weihua Lu, Ya Q Wu, Xiao B Huang, Zhenyang He, Yuanhua Lu, Hui Han, Fan Zhang, Renhua Sun, Hua X Wang, Shu H Qin, Bao H Zhu, Jun Zhao, Jian Liu, Bin Li, Jing L Liu, Fa C Zhou, Qiong J Li, Xing Y Zhang, Zhou Li-Xin, Qiang Xin-Hua, Liangyan Jiang, Yuan N Gao, Xian Y Zhao, Yuan Y Li, Xiao L Li, Chunting Wang, Qingchun Yao, Rongguo Yu, Kai Chen, Huanzhang Shao, Bingyu Qin, Qing Q Huang, Wei H Zhu, Ai Y Hang, Ma X Hua, Yimin Li, Yonghao Xu, Yu D Di, Long L Ling, Tie H Qin, ShouH Wang, Junping Qin, Yi Han, Suming Zhou, Monica P Vargas, Juan I Silesky Jimenez, Manuel A González Rojas, Jaime E SolisQuesada, ChristianM Ramirez-Alfaro, Jan Máca, Peter Sklienka, Jakob Gjedsted, Aage Christiansen, Jonas Nielsen, BorisG Villamagua, Iguel Llano, Philippe Burtin, Gautier Buzancais, Pascal Beuret, Nicolas Pelletier, Satar Mortaza, Alain Mercat, Jonathan Chelly, Sébastien Jochmans, Nicolas Terzi, Cédric Daubin, Guillaume Carteaux, Nicolas de Prost, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Fabrice Daviaud, Muriel Fartoukh, Guillaume Barberet, Jerome Biehler, Jean Dellamonica, Denis Doyen, Jean-Michel Arnal, Anais Briquet, Sami Hraiech, Laurent Papazian, Arnaud Follin, Damien Roux, Jonathan Messika, Evangelos Kalaitzis, Laurence Dangers, Alain Combes, Gaetan Béduneau, Dorothée Carpentier, Elie H Zogheib, Herve Dupont, Sylvie Ricome, FrancescoL Santoli, Sebastien L Besset, Philippe Michel, Bruno Gelée, Pierre-Eric Danin, Bernard Goubaux, Philippe J Crova, Nga T Phan, Frantz Berkelmans, Julio C Badie, Romain Tapponnier, Josette Gally, Samy Khebbeb, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Francis Schneider, PierreLouis M Declercq, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jacques Duranteau, Anatole Harrois, Russell Chabanne, Julien Marin, Charlene Bigot, Sandrine Thibault, Mohammed Ghazi, Messabi Boukhazna, Salem Ould Zein, Jack R Richecoeur, DanieleM Combaux, Fabien Grelon, Charlene Le Moal, EliseP Sauvadet, Adrien Robine, Virginie Lemiale, Danielle Reuter, Martin Dres, Alexandre Demoule, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Loredana Baboi, Claude Guérin, Ralph Lohner, Jens Kraßler, Susanne Schäfer, Kai D Zacharowski, Patrick Meybohm, Andreas W Reske, Philipp Simon, HansBernd F Hopf, Michael Schuetz, Thomas Baltus, Metaxia N Papanikolaou, Theonymfi G Papavasilopoulou, Giannis A Zacharas, Vasilis Ourailogloy, Eleni K Mouloudi, Eleni V Massa, Eva O Nagy, Electra E Stamou, Ellada V Kiourtzieva, Marina A Oikonomou, Luis E Avila, Cesar A Cortez, Johanna E Citalán, Sameer A Jog, Safal D Sable, Bhagyesh Shah, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind K Baronia, Mohammedfaruk Memon, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Venkatapura J Ramesh, Anitha Shenoy, Ramesh Unnikrishnan, Subhal B Dixit, RachanaV Rhayakar, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, VallishK Bhardwaj, HeeraL Mahto, Sudha V Sagar, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Deeban Ganesan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Hamidreza Jamaati, Farshad Heidari, Edel A Meaney, Alistair Nichol, Karl M Knapman, Donall O'Croinin, EimhinS Dunne, Dorothy M Breen, Kevin P Clarkson, Rola F Jaafar, Rory Dwyer, Fahd Amir, Olaitan O Ajetunmobi, Aogan C O'Muircheartaigh, ColinS Black, Nuala Treanor, Daniel V Collins, Wahid Altaf, Gianluca Zani, Maurizio Fusari, Savino Spadaro, Carlo A Volta, Romano Graziani, Barbara Brunettini, Salvatore Palmese, Paolo Formenti, Michele Umbrello, Andrea Lombardo, Elisabetta Pecci, Marco Botteri, Monica Savioli, Alessandro Protti, Alessia Mattei, Lorenzo Schiavoni, Andrea Tinnirello, Manuel Todeschini, Antonino Giarratano, Andrea Cortegiani, Sara Sher, Anna Rossi, Massimo M Antonelli, Luca M Montini, Paolo Casalena, Sergio Scafetti, Giovanna Panarello, Giovanna Occhipinti, Nicolò Patroniti, Matteo Pozzi, RobertoR Biscione, Michela M Poli, Ferdinando Raimondi, Daniela Albiero, Giulia Crapelli, Eduardo Beck, Vincenzo Pota, Vincenzo Schiavone, Alexandre Molin, Fabio Tarantino, Giacomo Monti, Elena Frati, Lucia Mirabella, Gilda Cinnella, Tommaso Fossali, Riccardo Colombo, Pierpaolo Terragni, Ilaria Pattarino, Francesco Mojoli, Antonio Braschi, Erika E Borotto, Andrea N Cracchiolo, Daniela M Palma, Francesco Raponi, Giuseppe Foti, EttoreR Vascotto, Andrea Coppadoro, Luca Brazzi, Leda Floris, Giorgio A Iotti, Aaron Venti, Osamu Yamaguchi, Shunsuke Takagi, Hiroki N Maeyama, Eizo Watanabe, Yoshihiro Yamaji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kyoko Shiozaki, Satoru Futami, Sekine Ryosuke, Koji Saito, Yoshinobu Kameyama, Keiko Ueno, Masayo Izawa, Nao Okuda, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomofumi Harasawa, Michitaka Nasu, Tadaaki Takada, Fumihito Ito, Shin Nunomiya, Kansuke Koyama, Toshikazu Abe, Kohkichi Andoh, Kohei Kusumoto, Akira Hirata, Akihiro Takaba, Hiroyasu Kimura, Shuhei Matsumoto, Ushio Higashijima, Hiroyuki Honda, Nobumasa Aoki, Hiroshi Imai, Yasuaki Ogino, Ichiko Mizuguchi, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Tomoaki Hashida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Daisuke Niimi, Takeshi Ueda, Yozo Kashiwa, Akinori Uchiyama, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Peteris Oss, Youssef Haddad, Kong Y Liew, Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva, YvesD Jarquin-Badiola, Luis A Sanchez-Hurtado, Saira S Gomez-Flores, Maria C Marin, AsiscloJ Villagomez, Jordana S Lemus, Jonathan M Fierro, Mavy Ramirez Cervantes, Francisco Javier Flores Mejia, Dulce Dector, Alejandro Rojas, Daniel R Gonzalez, Claudia R Estrella, Jorge R Sanchez-Medina, Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez, Fernando G George, Janet S Aguirre, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Tarek Dendane, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Hicham Balkhi, Mina Elkhayari, Nacer Samkaoui, Hanane Ezzouine, Abdellatif Benslama, Mourad Amor, Wajdi Maazouzi, Nedim Cimic, Oliver Beck, Monique M Bruns, Jeroen A Schouten, Myra Rinia, Monique Raaijmakers, Leo M Heunks, Hellen M Van Wezel, SergeJ Heines, Ulrich Strauch, Marc P Buise, Fabienne D Simonis, Marcus J Schultz, Jennifer C Goodson, Troy S Browne, Leanlove Navarra, Anna Hunt, Robyn A Hutchison, Mathew B Bailey, Lynette Newby, Colin McArthur, Michael Kalkoff, Alex Mcleod, Jonathan Casement, DanielleJ Hacking, Finn H Andersen, Merete S Dolva, Jon H Laake, Andreas Barratt-Due, Kim Andre L Noremark, Eldar Søreide, BritÅ Sjøbø, AnneB Guttormsen, Hector H LeonYoshido, Ronald Zumaran Aguilar, Fredy A Montes Oscanoa, Alain U Alisasis, Joanne B Robles, Rossini Abbie B Pasanting-Lim, Beatriz C Tan, Pawel Andruszkiewicz, Karina Jakubowska, Cristina M Coxo, António M Alvarez, Bruno S Oliveira, Gustavo M Montanha, Nelson C Barros, Carlos S Pereira, António M Messias, Jorge M Monteiro, AnaM Araujo, NunoT Catorze, Susan M Marum, Maria J Bouw, Rui M Gomes, Vania A Brito, Silvia Castro, Joana M Estilita, Filipa M Barros, IsabelM Serra, Aurelia M Martinho, Dana R Tomescu, Alexandra Marcu, Ovidiu H Bedreag, Marius Papurica, Dan E Corneci, Silvius Ioan Negoita, Evgeny Grigoriev, Alexey I Gritsan, Andrey A Gazenkampf, Ghaleb Almekhlafi, Mohamad M Albarrak, Ghanem M Mustafa, Khalid A Maghrabi, Nawal Salahuddin, Tharwat M Aisa, AhmedS AlJabbary, Edgardo Tabhan, YaseenM Arabi, Yaseen M Arabi, Olivia A Trinidad, Hasan M Al Dorzi, Edgardo E Tabhan, Vesna Bumbasirevic, Bojan Jovanovic, Stefan Bolon, Oliver Smith, Jordi Mancebo, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, JuanC Lopez-Delgado, Francisco Esteve, Gemma Rialp, Catalina Forteza, Candelaria De Haro, Antonio Artigas, GuillermoM Albaiceta, Sara De Cima-Iglesias, Leticia Seoane-Quiroga, Alexandra Ceniceros-Barros, AntonioL RuizAguilar, LuisM Claraco-Vega, Juan Alfonso Soler, Maria Del CarmenLorente, Cecilia Hermosa, Federico Gordo, Miryam PrietoGonzález, JuanB López-Messa, ManuelP Perez, CesarP Perez, Raquel Montoiro Allue, Ferran RocheCampo, Marcos Ibañez-Santacruz, Susana Temprano, Maria C Pintado, Raul De Pablo, Pilar Ricart Aroa Gómez, Silvia Rodriguez Ruiz, Silvia Iglesias Moles, M Teresa Jurado, Alfons Arizmendi, Enrique A Piacentini, Nieves Franco, Teresa Honrubia, Meisy Perez Cheng, Elena Perez Losada, Javier Blanco, Luis J Yuste, Cecilia Carbayo-Gorriz, Francisca G Cazorla-Barranquero, Javier G Alonso, Rosa S Alda, Ángela Algaba, Gonzalo Navarro, Enrique Cereijo, Esther Diaz-Rodriguez, Diego Pastor Marcos, Laura Alvarez Montero, Luis Herrera Para, Roberto Jimenez Sanchez, Miguel Angel Blasco Navalpotro, Ricardo Diaz Abad, Raquel Montiel González, Dácil Parrilla Toribio, Alejandro G Castro, Maria Jose D Artiga, Oscar Penuelas, Tomas P Roser, Moreno F Olga, Elena Gallego Curto, Rocío Manzano Sánchez, Vallverdu P Imma, Garcia M Elisabet, Laura Claverias, Monica Magret, Ana M Pellicer, Lucia L Rodriguez, Jesús Sánchez-Ballesteros, Ángela González-Salamanca, AntonioG Jimenez, FranciscoP Huerta, Juan Carlos J Sotillo Diaz, Esther Bermejo Lopez, David D Llinares Moya, Alec A Tallet Alfonso, Palazon Sanchez Eugenio Luis, Palazon Sanchez Cesar, Sánchez I Rafael, CorcolesG Virgilio, NoeliaN Recio, Richard O Adamsson, Christian C Rylander, Bernhard Holzgraefe, Lars M Broman, Joanna Wessbergh, Linnea Persson, Fredrik Schiöler, Hans Kedelv, Anna Oscarsson Tibblin, Henrik Appelberg, Lars Hedlund, Johan Helleberg, KarinE Eriksson, Rita Glietsch, Niklas Larsson, Ingela Nygren, SilviaL Nunes, Anna-Karin Morin, Thomas Kander, Anne Adolfsson, HervéO Zender, Corinne Leemann-Refondini, Souheil Elatrous, Slaheddine Bouchoucha, Imed Chouchene, Islem Ouanes, Asma Ben Souissi, Salma Kamoun, Oktay Demirkiran, Mustafa Aker, Emre Erbabacan, Ilkay Ceylan, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Menekse Ozcelik, Necmettin Ünal, Basak Ceyda Meco, OnatO Akyol, SuleymanS Derman, Barry Kennedy, Ken Parhar, Latha Srinivasa, Lia McNamee, Danny McAuley, Phil Hopkins, Clare Mellis, Vivek Kakar, Dan Hadfield, Andre Vercueil, Kaushik Bhowmick, Sally K Humphreys, Andrew Ferguson, Raymond Mckee, Ashok S Raj, Danielle A Fawkes, Philip Watt, Linda Twohey, Rajeev R Jha, Matthew Thomas, Alex Morton, Varsha Kadaba, Mark J Smith, Anil P Hormis, Santhana G Kannan, Miriam Namih, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Alek Kumar, Szabolcs Rugonfalvi, Christopher Nutt, Orla Oneill, Colette Seasman, Ged Dempsey, ChristopherJ Scott, HelenE Ellis, Stuart Mckechnie, PaulaJ Hutton, Nora N Di Tomasso, Michela N Vitale, Ruth O Griffin, MichaelN Dean, JuliusH Cranshaw, EmmaL Willett, Nicholas Ioannou, Sarah Gillis, Peter Csabi, Rosaleen Macfadyen, Heidi Dawson, PieterD Preez, Alexandra J Williams, Owen Boyd, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Jon Bramall, Sophie Symmonds, SimonK Chau, Tim Wenham, Tamas Szakmany, Piroska Toth-Tarsoly, KatieH McCalman, Peter Alexander, Lorraine Stephenson, Thomas Collyer, Rhiannon Chapman, Raphael Cooper, Russell M Allan, Malcolm Sim, David W Wrathall, DonaldA Irvine, Charing Kim S Zantua, John C Adams, Andrew J Burtenshaw, Gareth P Sellors, Ingeborg D Welters, Karen E Williams, Robert J Hessell, Matthew G Oldroyd, Ceri E Battle, Suresh Pillai, Istvan Kajtor, Mageswaran Sivashanmugavel, Sinead C Okane, Adrian Donnelly, Aniko D Frigyik, Jon P Careless, Martin M May, Richard Stewart, T John Trinder, SamanthaJ Hagan, JadeM Cole, Caroline C MacFie, AnnaT Dowling, Javier Hurtado, Nicolás Nin, Javier Hurtado, Edgardo Nuñez, Gustavo Pittini, Ruben Rodriguez, María C Imperio, Cristina Santos, Ana G França, Alejandro Ebeid, Alberto Deicas, Carolina Serra, Aditya Uppalapati, Ghassan Kamel, Valerie M BannerGoodspeed, Jeremy R Beitler, Satyanarayana Reddy Mukkera, Shreedhar Kulkarni, John O Shinn Iii, Dina Gomaa, Christopher Tainter, Jarone Lee, Tomaz Mesar, DaleJ Yeatts, Jessica Warren, MichaelJ Lanspa, Russel R Miller, ColinK Grissom, SamuelM Brown, Philippe R Bauer, Ryan J Gosselin, Barrett T Kitch, Jason E Cohen, Scott H Beegle, Shazia Choudry, Renaud M Gueret, Aiman Tulaimat, William Stigler, Hitesh Batra, Nidhi G Huff, Keith D Lamb, Trevor W Oetting, Nicholas M Mohr, Claine Judy, Shigeki Saito, Fayez M Kheir, Fayez Kheir, Adam B Schlichting, Angela Delsing, Daniel R Crouch, Mary Elmasri, Daniel R Crouch, Dina Ismail, Kyle R Dreyer, Thomas C Blakeman, Dina Gomaa, Rebecca M Baro, Peter C Hou, Raghu Seethala, Imo Aisiku, Galen Henderson, Gyorgy Frendl, Sen-Kuang Hou, RobertL Owens, Ashley Schomer, Intensive Care Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, AII - Inflammatory diseases, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Microcirculation, Albaiceta, Guillermo, M, Pesenti, Antonio, Brochard, Laurent, Esteban, Andre, Gattinoni, Luciano, van Haren, Frank, Larsson, Ander, Mcauley, Danielf, Ranieri, Marco, Rubenfeld, Gordon, Taylor Thompson, B., Wrigge, Hermann, Slutsky, Arthur S., Rios, Fernando, Van Haren, Frank, Sottiaux, Thierry, Depuydt, Pieter, Lora, Fredy S., Azevedo, Luciano Cesar, Bugedo, Guillermo, Qiu, Haibo, Gonzalez, Marco, Silesky, Juan, Cerny, Vladimir, Nielsen, Jona, Jibaja, Manuel, Matamis, Dimitrio, Ranero, Jorge Lui, Amin, Pravin, Hashemian, S. M., Clarkson, Kevin, Kurahashi, Kiyoyasu, Villagomez, Asisclo, Zeggwagh, Amine Ali, Heunks, Leo M., Laake, Jon Henrik, Palo, Jose Emmanuel, do Vale Fernandes, Antero, Sandesc, Dorel, Arabi, Yaasen, Bumbasierevic, Vesna, Nin, Nicola, Lorente, Jose A., Piquilloud, Lise, Abroug, Fekri, Mcnamee, Lia, Hurtado, Javier, Bajwa, Ed, Démpaire, Gabriel, Sula, Hektor, Nunci, Lordian, Cani, Alma, Zazu, Alan, Dellera, Christian, Insaurralde, Carolina S., Las Lomas, Sanatorio, Isidro, San, Alejandro, Risso V., Daldin, Julio, Vinzio, Mauricio, Fernandez, Ruben O., Cardonnet, Luis P., Bettini, Lisandro R., Bisso, Mariano Carboni, Osman, Emilio M., Setten, Mariano G., Lovazzano, Pablo, Alvarez, Javier, Villar, Veronica, Pozo, Norberto C., Grubissich, Nicola, Plotnikow, Gustavo A., Vasquez, Daniela N., Ilutovich, Santiago, Tiribelli, Norberto, Chena, Ariel, Pellegrini, Carlos A., Saenz, María G., Estenssoro, Elisa, Brizuela, Matia, Gianinetto, Hernan, Gomez, Pablo E., Cerrato, Valeria I., Bezzi, Marco G., Borello, Silvina A., Loiacono, Flavia A., Fernandez, Adriana M., Knowles, Serena, Reynolds, Claire, Inskip, Deborah M., Miller, Jennene J., Kong, Jing, Whitehead, Christina, Bihari, Shailesh, Seven, Aylin, Krstevski, Amanda, Rodgers, Helen J., Millar, Rebecca T., Mckenna, Toni E., Bailey, Irene M., Hanlon, Gabrielle C., Aneman, Ander, Lynch, Joan M., Azad, Raman, Neal, John, Woods, Paul W., Roberts, Brigit L., Kol, Mark R., Wong, Helen S., Riss, Katharina C, Staudinger, Thoma, Wittebole, Xavier, Berghe, Caroline, Bulpa, Pierre A., Dive, Alain M., Verstraete, Rik, Lebbinck, Herve, Vermassen, Jori, Meersseman, Philippe, Ceunen, Helga, Rosa, Jonasi, Beraldo, Daniel O., Piras, Claudio, Rampinelli, Adenilton M., Nassar Jr, Antonio P., Mataloun, Sergio, Moock, Marcelo, Thompson, Marlusm, Gonçalves, Claudio H., Antônio, Ana Carolina P., Ascoli, Aline, Biondi, Rodrigo S., Fontenele, Danielle C., Nobrega, Danielle, Sales, Vanessa M., BinHJAbul Wahab, Ahmad Yazid, Ismail, Maizatul, Shindhe, Suresh, Laffey, John, Beloncle, Francoi, Davies, Kyle G., Cirone, Rob, Manoharan, Venika, Ismail, Mehvish, Goligher, Ewan C., Jassal, Mandeep, Nishikawa, Erin, Javeed, Areej, Curley, Gerard, Rittayamai, Nuttapol, Parotto, Matteo, Ferguson, Niall D., Mehta, Sangeeta, Knoll, Jenny, Pronovost, Antoine, Canestrini, Sergio, Bruhn, Alejandro R., Garcia, Patricio H., Aliaga, Felipe A., Farías, Pamela A., Yumha, Jacob S., Ortiz, Claudia A., Salas, Javier E., Saez, Alejandro A., Vega, Luis D., Labarca, Eduardo F., Martinez, Felipe T., Carreño, Nicolás G., Lora, Pilar, Liu, Haitao, Liu, Ling, Tang, Rui, Luo, Xiaoming, An, Youzhong, Zhao, Huiying, Gao, Yan, Zhai, Zhe, Ye, Zheng L., Wang, Wei, Li, Wenwen, Li, Qingdong, Zheng, Ruiqiang, Yu, Wenkui, Shen, Juanhong, Li, Xinyu, Yu, Tao, Lu, Weihua, Wu, Ya Q., Huang, Xiao B., He, Zhenyang, Lu, Yuanhua, Han, Hui, Zhang, Fan, Sun, Renhua, Wang, Hua X., Qin, Shu H., Zhu, Bao H., Zhao, Jun, Liu, Jian, Li, Bin, Liu, Jing L., Zhou, Fa C., Li, Qiong J., Zhang, Xing Y, Li-Xin, Zhou, Xin-Hua, Qiang, Jiang, Liangyan, Gao, Yuan N., Zhao, Xian Y., Li, Yuan Y., Li, Xiao L., Wang, Chunting, Yao, Qingchun, Yu, Rongguo, Chen, Kai, Shao, Huanzhang, Qin, Bingyu, Huang, Qing Q., Zhu, Wei H., Hang, Ai Y., Hua, Ma X., Li, Yimin, Xu, Yonghao, Di, Yu D., Ling, Long L., Qin, Tie H., Wang, Shouh, Qin, Junping, Han, Yi, Zhou, Suming, Vargas, Monica P., Jimenez, Juan I. Silesky, Rojas, Manuel A. González, Solisquesada, Jaime E., Ramirez-Alfaro, Christianm, Máca, Jan, Sklienka, Peter, Gjedsted, Jakob, Christiansen, Aage, Villamagua, Borisg, Llano, Iguel, Burtin, Philippe, Buzancais, Gautier, Beuret, Pascal, Pelletier, Nicola, Mortaza, Satar, Mercat, Alain, Chelly, Jonathan, Jochmans, Sébastien, Terzi, Nicola, Daubin, Cédric, Carteaux, Guillaume, de Prost, Nicola, Chiche, Jean-Daniel, Daviaud, Fabrice, Fartoukh, Muriel, Barberet, Guillaume, Biehler, Jerome, Dellamonica, Jean, Doyen, Deni, Arnal, Jean-Michel, Briquet, Anai, Hraiech, Sami, Papazian, Laurent, Follin, Arnaud, Roux, Damien, Messika, Jonathan, Kalaitzis, Evangelo, Dangers, Laurence, Combes, Alain, Béduneau, Gaetan, Carpentier, Dorothée, Zogheib, Elie H., Dupont, Herve, Ricome, Sylvie, Santoli, Francescol, Besset, Sebastien L., Michel, Philippe, Gelée, Bruno, Danin, Pierre-Eric, Goubaux, Bernard, Crova, Philippe J., Phan, Nga T., Berkelmans, Frantz, Badie, Julio C., Tapponnier, Romain, Gally, Josette, Khebbeb, Samy, 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Manuel, Dendane, Tarek, Balkhi, Hicham, Elkhayari, Mina, Samkaoui, Nacer, Ezzouine, Hanane, Benslama, Abdellatif, Amor, Mourad, Maazouzi, Wajdi, Cimic, Nedim, Beck, Oliver, Bruns, Monique M., Schouten, Jeroen A., Rinia, Myra, Raaijmakers, Monique, Van Wezel, Hellen M., Heines, Sergej, Strauch, Ulrich, Buise, Marc P., Simonis, Fabienne D., Schultz, Marcus J., Goodson, Jennifer C., Browne, Troy S., Navarra, Leanlove, Hunt, Anna, Hutchison, Robyn A., Bailey, Mathew B., Newby, Lynette, Mcarthur, Colin, Kalkoff, Michael, Mcleod, Alex, Casement, Jonathan, Hacking, Daniellej, Andersen, Finn H., Dolva, Merete S., Laake, Jon H., Barratt-Due, Andrea, Noremark, Kim Andre L., Søreide, Eldar, Sjøbø, Britå, Guttormsen, Anneb, Leonyoshido, Hector H., Aguilar, Ronald Zumaran, Oscanoa, Fredy A. Monte, Alisasis, Alain U., Robles, Joanne B., Pasanting-Lim, Rossini Abbie B., Tan, Beatriz C., Andruszkiewicz, Pawel, Jakubowska, Karina, Coxo, Cristina M., Alvarez, António M., Oliveira, Bruno S., Montanha, Gustavo M., Barros, Nelson C., Pereira, Carlos S., Messias, António M., Monteiro, Jorge M., Araujo, Anam, Catorze, Nunot, Marum, Susan M., Bouw, Maria J., Gomes, Rui M., Brito, Vania A., Castro, Silvia, Estilita, Joana M., Barros, Filipa M., Serra, Isabelm, Martinho, Aurelia M., Tomescu, Dana R., Marcu, Alexandra, Bedreag, Ovidiu H., Papurica, Mariu, Corneci, Dan E., Negoita, Silvius Ioan, Grigoriev, Evgeny, Gritsan, Alexey I., Gazenkampf, Andrey A., Almekhlafi, Ghaleb, Albarrak, Mohamad M., Mustafa, Ghanem M., Maghrabi, Khalid A., Salahuddin, Nawal, Aisa, Tharwat M., Aljabbary, Ahmed, Tabhan, Edgardo, Arabi, Yaseenm, Arabi, Yaseen M., Trinidad, Olivia A., Al Dorzi, Hasan M., Bumbasirevic, Vesna, Jovanovic, Bojan, Bolon, Stefan, Smith, Oliver, Mancebo, Jordi, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, Lopez-Delgado, Juanc, Esteve, Francisco, Rialp, Gemma, Forteza, Catalina, De Haro, Candelaria, Artigas, Antonio, Albaiceta, Guillermom, De Cima-Iglesias, Sara, Seoane-Quiroga, Leticia, Ceniceros-Barros, Alexandra, Ruizaguilar, Antoniol, Claraco-Vega, Luism, Soler, Juan Alfonso, del CarmenLorente, Maria, Hermosa, Cecilia, Gordo, Federico, Prietogonzález, Miryam, López-Messa, Juanb, Perez, Manuelp, Perez, Cesarp, Allue, Raquel Montoiro, Rochecampo, Ferran, Ibañez-Santacruz, Marco, Temprano, Susana, Pintado, Maria C., De Pablo, Raul, Gómez, Pilar Ricart Aroa, Ruiz, Silvia Rodriguez, Moles, Silvia Iglesia, Jurado, M. Teresa, Arizmendi, Alfon, Piacentini, Enrique A., Franco, Nieve, Honrubia, Teresa, Cheng, Meisy Perez, Losada, Elena Perez, Blanco, Javier, Yuste, Luis J., Carbayo-Gorriz, Cecilia, Cazorla-Barranquero, Francisca G., Alonso, Javier G., Alda, Rosa S., Algaba, Ángela, Navarro, Gonzalo, Cereijo, Enrique, Diaz-Rodriguez, Esther, Marcos, Diego Pastor, Montero, Laura Alvarez, Para, Luis Herrera, Sanchez, Roberto Jimenez, Navalpotro, Miguel Angel Blasco, Abad, Ricardo Diaz, González, Raquel Montiel, Toribio, Dácil Parrilla, Castro, Alejandro G., Artiga, Maria Jose D., Penuelas, Oscar, Roser, Tomas P., Olga, Moreno F., Curto, Elena Gallego, Sánchez, Rocío Manzano, Imma, Vallverdu P., Elisabet, Garcia M., Claverias, Laura, Magret, Monica, Pellicer, Ana M., Rodriguez, Lucia L., Sánchez-Ballesteros, Jesú, González-Salamanca, Ángela, Jimenez, Antoniog, Huerta, Franciscop, Diaz, Juan Carlos J. Sotillo, Lopez, Esther Bermejo, Moya, David D. Llinare, Alfonso, Alec A. Tallet, Luis, Palazon Sanchez Eugenio, Cesar, Palazon Sanchez, Rafael, Sánchez I., Virgilio, Corcolesg, Recio, Noelian, Adamsson, Richard O., Rylander, Christian C., Holzgraefe, Bernhard, Broman, Lars M, Wessbergh, Joanna, Persson, Linnea, Schiöler, Fredrik, Kedelv, Han, Tibblin, Anna Oscarsson, Appelberg, Henrik, Hedlund, Lar, Helleberg, Johan, Eriksson, Karine, Glietsch, Rita, Larsson, Nikla, Nygren, Ingela, Nunes, Silvial, Morin, Anna-Karin, Kander, Thoma, Adolfsson, Anne, Zender, Hervéo, Leemann-Refondini, Corinne, Elatrous, Souheil, Bouchoucha, Slaheddine, Chouchene, Imed, Ouanes, Islem, Souissi, Asma Ben, Kamoun, Salma, Demirkiran, Oktay, Aker, Mustafa, Erbabacan, Emre, Ceylan, Ilkay, Girgin, Nermin Kelebek, Ozcelik, Menekse, Ünal, Necmettin, Meco, Basak Ceyda, Akyol, Onato, Derman, Suleyman, Kennedy, Barry, Parhar, Ken, Srinivasa, Latha, Mcauley, Danny, Hopkins, Phil, Mellis, Clare, Kakar, Vivek, Hadfield, Dan, Vercueil, Andre, Bhowmick, Kaushik, Humphreys, Sally K., Ferguson, Andrew, Mckee, Raymond, Raj, Ashok S., Fawkes, Danielle A., Watt, Philip, Twohey, Linda, Jha, Rajeev R., Thomas, Matthew, Morton, Alex, Kadaba, Varsha, Smith, Mark J., Hormis, Anil P., Kannan, Santhana G., Namih, Miriam, Reschreiter, Henrik, Camsooksai, Julie, Kumar, Alek, Rugonfalvi, Szabolc, Nutt, Christopher, Oneill, Orla, Seasman, Colette, Dempsey, Ged, Scott, Christopherj, Ellis, Helene, Mckechnie, Stuart, Hutton, Paulaj, Di Tomasso, Nora N., Vitale, Michela N., Griffin, Ruth O., Dean, Michaeln, Cranshaw, Juliush, Willett, Emmal, Ioannou, Nichola, Gillis, Sarah, Csabi, Peter, Macfadyen, Rosaleen, Dawson, Heidi, Preez, Pieterd, Williams, Alexandra J, Boyd, Owen, de Gordoa, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz, Bramall, Jon, Symmonds, Sophie, Chau, Simonk, Wenham, Tim, Szakmany, Tama, Toth-Tarsoly, Piroska, Mccalman, Katieh, Alexander, Peter, Stephenson, Lorraine, Collyer, Thoma, Chapman, Rhiannon, Cooper, Raphael, Allan, Russell M, Sim, Malcolm, Wrathall, David W, Irvine, Donalda, Zantua, Charing Kim S., Adams, John C., Burtenshaw, Andrew J., Sellors, Gareth P., Welters, Ingeborg D., Williams, Karen E., Hessell, Robert J., Oldroyd, Matthew G., Battle, Ceri E., Pillai, Suresh, Kajtor, Istvan, Sivashanmugavel, Mageswaran, Okane, Sinead C., Donnelly, Adrian, Frigyik, Aniko D., Careless, Jon P., May, Martin M, Stewart, Richard, Trinder, T. John, Hagan, Samanthaj, Cole, Jadem, Macfie, Caroline C., Dowling, Annat, Nin, Nicolá, Nuñez, Edgardo, Pittini, Gustavo, Rodriguez, Ruben, Imperio, María C., Santos, Cristina, França, Ana G, Ebeid, Alejandro, Deicas, Alberto, Serra, Carolina, Uppalapati, Aditya, Kamel, Ghassan, Bannergoodspeed, Valerie M., Beitler, Jeremy R., Mukkera, Satyanarayana Reddy, Kulkarni, Shreedhar, Shinn III, John O., Gomaa, Dina, Tainter, Christopher, Lee, Jarone, Mesar, Tomaz, Yeatts, Dalej, Warren, Jessica, Lanspa, Michaelj, Miller, Russel R., Grissom, Colink, Brown, Samuelm, Bauer, Philippe R., Gosselin, Ryan J., Kitch, Barrett T., Cohen, Jason E., Beegle, Scott H., Choudry, Shazia, Gueret, Renaud M., Tulaimat, Aiman, Stigler, William, Batra, Hitesh, Huff, Nidhi G., Lamb, Keith D., Oetting, Trevor W., Mohr, Nicholas M., Judy, Claine, Saito, Shigeki, Kheir, Fayez M., Kheir, Fayez, Schlichting, Adam B., Delsing, Angela, Crouch, Daniel R., Elmasri, Mary, Ismail, Dina, Dreyer, Kyle R., Blakeman, Thomas C., Baro, Rebecca M., Hou, Peter C., Seethala, Raghu, Aisiku, Imo, Henderson, Galen, Frendl, Gyorgy, Hou, Sen-Kuang, Owens, Robertl, Schomer, Ashley, Amado-Rodríguez, L, Rodríguez-Garcia, R, Bellani, G, Pham, T, Fan, E, Madotto, F, Laffey, J, and Albaiceta, G

Subjects
Ventilator-induced lung injury, Cardiogenic pulmonary edema, Driving pressure, Mechanical ventilation, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract

Supported by Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER)‑Enfermedades respiratorias, Madrid, Spain (CB17/06/00021) and Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigación Científica aplicada y la tecnología (FICYT, AYUD2021/52014). RRG is the recipient of a grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (CM20/00083)., Amado-Rodríguez L., Rodríguez-Garcia R., Bellani G., Pham T., Fan E., Madotto F., Laffey J.G., Albaiceta G.M., Pesenti A., Brochard L., Esteban A., Gattinoni L., van Haren F., Larsson A., McAuley D.F., Ranieri M., Rubenfeld G., Taylor Thompson B., Wrigge H., Slutsky A.S., Rios F., Van Haren F., Sottiaux T., Depuydt P., Lora F.S., Azevedo L.C., Bugedo G., Qiu H., Gonzalez M., Silesky J., Cerny V., Nielsen J., Jibaja M., Wrigge H., Matamis D., Ranero J.L., Amin P., Hashemian S.M., Clarkson K., Kurahashi K., Villagomez A., Zeggwagh A.A., Heunks L.M., Laake J.H., Palo J.E., do Vale Fernandes A., Sandesc D., Arabi Y.M., Bumbasierevic V., Nin N., Lorente J.A., Larsson A., Piquilloud L., Abroug F., McAuley D.F., McNamee L., Hurtado J., Bajwa E., Démpaire G., Sula H., Nunci L., Cani A., Zazu A., Dellera C., Insaurralde C.S., Las Lomas S., Isidro S., Alejandro R.V., Daldin J., Vinzio M., Fernandez R.O., Cardonnet L.P., Bettini L.R., Bisso M.C., Osman E.M., Setten M.G., Lovazzano P., Alvarez J., Villar V., Pozo N.C., Grubissich N., Plotnikow G.A., Vasquez D.N., Ilutovich S., Tiribelli N., Chena A., Pellegrini C.A., Saenz M.G., Estenssoro E., Brizuela M., Gianinetto H., Gomez P.E., Cerrato V.I., Bezzi M.G., Borello S.A., Loiacono F.A., Fernandez A.M., Knowles S., Reynolds C., Inskip D.M., Miller J.J., Kong J., Whitehead C., Bihari S., Seven A., Krstevski A., Rodgers H.J., Millar R.T., McKenna T.E., Bailey I.M., Hanlon G.C., Aneman A., Lynch J.M., Azad R., Neal J., Woods P.W., Roberts B.L., Kol M.R., Wong H.S., Riss K.C., Staudinger T., Wittebole X., Berghe C., Bulpa P.A., Dive A.M., Verstraete R., Lebbinck H., Depuydt P., Vermassen J., Meersseman P., Ceunen H., Rosa J.I., Beraldo D.O., Piras C., Rampinelli A.M., Nassar Jr A.P., Mataloun S., Moock M., Thompson M.M., Gonçalves C.H., Antônio A.C.P., Ascoli A., Biondi R.S., Fontenele D.C., Nobrega D., Sales V.M., BinHJAbul Wahab A.Y., Ismail M., Shindhe S., Laffey J., Beloncle F., Davies K.G., Cirone R., Manoharan V., Ismail M., Goligher E.C., Jassal M., Nishikawa E., Javeed A., Curley G., Rittayamai N., Parotto M., Ferguson N.D., Mehta S., Knoll J., Pronovost A., Canestrini S., Bruhn A.R., Garcia P.H., Aliaga F.A., Farías P.A., Yumha J.S., Ortiz C.A., Salas J.E., Saez A.A., Vega L.D., Labarca E.F., Martinez F.T., Carreño N.G., Lora P., Liu H., Qiu H., Liu L., Tang R., Luo X., An Y., Zhao H., Gao Y., Zhai Z., Ye Z.L., Wang W., Li W., Li Q., Zheng R., Yu W., Shen J., Li X., Yu T., Lu W., Wu Y.Q., Huang X.B., He Z., Lu Y., Han H., Zhang F., Sun R., Wang H.X., Qin S.H., Zhu B.H., Zhao J., Liu J., Li B., Liu J.L., Zhou F.C., Li Q.J., Zhang X.Y., Li-Xin Z., Xin-Hua Q., Jiang L., Gao Y.N., Zhao X.Y., Li Y.Y., Li X.L., Wang C., Yao Q., Yu R., Chen K., Shao H., Qin B., Huang Q.Q., Zhu W.H., Hang A.Y., Hua M.X., Li Y., Xu Y., Di Y.D., Ling L.L., Qin T.H., Wang S.H., Qin J., Han Y., Zhou S., Vargas M.P., Jimenez J.I.S., Rojas M.A.G., SolisQuesada J.E., Ramirez-Alfaro C.M., Máca J., Sklienka P., Gjedsted J., Christiansen A., Nielsen J., Villamagua B.G., Llano I., Burtin P., Buzancais G., Beuret P., Pelletier N., Mortaza S., Mercat A., Chelly J., Jochmans S., Terzi N., Daubin C., Carteaux G., de Prost N., Chiche J.-D., Daviaud F., Fartoukh M., Barberet G., Biehler J., Dellamonica J., Doyen D., Arnal J.-M., Briquet A., Hraiech S., Papazian L., Follin A., Roux D., Messika J., Kalaitzis E., Dangers L., Combes A., Béduneau G., Carpentier D., Zogheib E.H., Dupont H., Ricome S., Santoli F.L., Besset S.L., Michel P., Gelée B., Danin P.-E., Goubaux B., Crova P.J., Phan N.T., Berkelmans F., Badie J.C., Tapponnier R., Gally J., Khebbeb S., Herbrecht J.-E., Schneider F., Declercq P.L.M., Rigaud J.-P., Duranteau J., Harrois A., Chabanne R., Marin J., Bigot C., Thibault S., Ghazi M., Boukhazna M., Zein S.O., Richecoeur J.R., Combaux D.M., Grelon F., Le Moal C., Sauvadet E.P., Robine A., Lemiale V., Reuter D., Dres M., Demoule A., Goldgran-Toledano D., Baboi L., Guérin C., Lohner R., Kraßler J., Schäfer S., Zacharowski K.D., Meybohm P., Reske A.W., Simon P., Hopf H.B.F., Schuetz M., Baltus T., Papanikolaou M.N., Papavasilopoulou T.G., Zacharas G.A., Ourailogloy V., Mouloudi E.K., Massa E.V., Nagy E.O., Stamou E.E., Kiourtzieva E.V., Oikonomou M.A., Avila L.E., Cortez C.A., Citalán J.E., Jog S.A., Sable S.D., Shah B., Gurjar M., Baronia A.K., Memon M., Muthuchellappan R., Ramesh V.J., Shenoy A., Unnikrishnan R., Dixit S.B., Rhayakar R.V., Ramakrishnan N., Bhardwaj V.K., Mahto H.L., Sagar S.V., Palaniswamy V., Ganesan D., Jamaati H., Heidari F., Meaney E.A., Nichol A., Knapman K.M., O’Croinin D., Dunne E.S., Breen D.M., Jaafar R.F., Dwyer R., Amir F., Ajetunmobi O.O., O’Muircheartaigh A.C., Black C.S., Treanor N., Collins D.V., Altaf W., Zani G., Fusari M., Spadaro S., Volta C.A., Graziani R., Brunettini B., Palmese S., Formenti P., Umbrello M., Lombardo A., Pecci E., Botteri M., Savioli M., Protti A., Mattei A., Schiavoni L., Tinnirello A., Todeschini M., Giarratano A., Cortegiani A., Sher S., Rossi A., Antonelli M.M., Montini L.M., Casalena P., Scafetti S., Panarello G., Occhipinti G., Patroniti N., Pozzi M., Biscione R.R., Poli M.M., Raimondi F., Albiero D., Crapelli G., Beck E., Pota V., Schiavone V., Molin A., Tarantino F., Monti G., Frati E., Mirabella L., Cinnella G., Fossali T., Colombo R., Terragni P., Pattarino I., Mojoli F., Braschi A., Borotto E.E., Cracchiolo A.N., Palma D.M., Raponi F., Foti G., Vascotto E.R., Coppadoro A., Brazzi L., Floris L., Iotti G.A., Venti A., Yamaguchi O., Takagi S., Maeyama H.N., Watanabe E., Yamaji Y., Shimizu K., Shiozaki K., Futami S., Ryosuke S., Saito K., Kameyama Y., Ueno K., Izawa M., Okuda N., Suzuki H., Harasawa T., Nasu M., Takada T., Ito F., Nunomiya S., Koyama K., Abe T., Andoh K., Kusumoto K., Hirata A., Takaba A., Kimura H., Matsumoto S., Higashijima U., Honda H., Aoki N., Imai H., Ogino Y., Mizuguchi I., Ichikado K., Nitta K., Mochizuki K., Hashida T., Tanaka H., Nakamura T., Niimi D., Ueda T., Kashiwa Y., Uchiyama A., Sabelnikovs O., Oss P., Haddad Y., Liew K.Y., Ñamendys-Silva S.A., Jarquin-Badiola Y.D., Sanchez-Hurtado L.A., Gomez-Flores S.S., Marin M.C., Lemus J.S., Fierro J.M., Cervantes M.R., Mejia F.J.F., Dector D., Rojas A., Gonzalez D.R., Estrella C.R., Sanchez-Medina J.R., Ramirez-Gutierrez A., George F.G., Aguirre J.S., Buensuseso J.A., Poblano M., Dendane T., Zeggwagh A.A., Balkhi H., Elkhayari M., Samkaoui N., Ezzouine H., Benslama A., Amor M., Maazouzi W., Cimic N., Beck O., Bruns M.M., Schouten J.A., Rinia M., Raaijmakers M., Heunks L.M., Van Wezel H.M., Heines S.J., Strauch U., Buise M.P., Simonis F.D., Schultz M.J., Goodson J.C., Browne T.S., Navarra L., Hunt A., Hutchison R.A., Bailey M.B., Newby L., McArthur C., Kalkoff M., Mcleod A., Casement J., Hacking D.J., Andersen F.H., Dolva M.S., Laake J.H., Barratt-Due A., Noremark K.A.L., Søreide E., Sjøbø B.Å., Guttormsen A.B., LeonYoshido H.H., Aguilar R.Z., Oscanoa F.A.M., Alisasis A.U., Robles J.B., Pasanting-Lim R.A.B., Tan B.C., Andruszkiewicz P., Jakubowska K., Coxo C.M., Alvarez A.M., Oliveira B.S., Montanha G.M., Barros N.C., Pereira C.S., Messias A.M., Monteiro J.M., Araujo A.M., Catorze N.T., Marum S.M., Bouw M.J., Gomes R.M., Brito V.A., Castro S., Estilita J.M., Barros F.M., Serra I.M., Martinho A.M., Tomescu D.R., Marcu A., Bedreag O.H., Papurica M., Corneci D.E., Negoita S.I., Grigoriev E., Gritsan A.I., Gazenkampf A.A., Almekhlafi G., Albarrak M.M., Mustafa G.M., Maghrabi K.A., Salahuddin N., Aisa T.M., AlJabbary A.S., Tabhan E., Trinidad O.A., Al Dorzi H.M., Bumbasirevic V., Jovanovic B., Bolon S., Smith O., Mancebo J., Aguirre-Bermeo H., Lopez-Delgado J.C., Esteve F., Rialp G., Forteza C., De Haro C., Artigas A., Albaiceta G.M., De Cima-Iglesias S., Seoane-Quiroga L., Ceniceros-Barros A., RuizAguilar A.L., Claraco-Vega L.M., Soler J.A., del CarmenLorente M., Hermosa C., Gordo F., PrietoGonzález M., López-Messa J.B., Perez M.P., Perez C.P., Allue R.M., RocheCampo F., Ibañez-Santacruz M., Temprano S., Pintado M.C., De Pablo R., Gómez P.R.A., Ruiz S.R., Moles S.I., Jurado M.T., Arizmendi A., Piacentini E.A., Franco N., Honrubia T., Cheng M.P., Losada E.P., Blanco J., Yuste L.J., Carbayo-Gorriz C., Cazorla-Barranquero F.G., Alonso J.G., Alda R.S., Algaba Á., Navarro G., Cereijo E., Diaz-Rodriguez E., Marcos D.P., Montero L.A., Para L.H., Sanchez R.J., Navalpotro M.A.B., Abad R.D., González R.M., Toribio D.P., Castro A.G., Artiga M.J.D., Penuelas O., Roser T.P., Olga M.F., Curto E.G., Sánchez R.M., Imma V.P., Elisabet G.M., Claverias L., Magret M., Pellicer A.M., Rodriguez L.L., Sánchez-Ballesteros J., González-Salamanca Á., Jimenez A.G., Huerta F.P., Diaz J.C.J.S., Lopez E.B., Moya D.D.L., Alfonso A.A.T., Luis P.S.E., Cesar P.S., Rafael S.I., Virgilio C.G., Recio N.N., Adamsson R.O., Rylander C.C., Holzgraefe B., Broman L.M., Wessbergh J., Persson L., Schiöler F., Kedelv H., Tibblin A.O., Appelberg H., Hedlund L., Helleberg J., Eriksson K.E., Glietsch R., Larsson N., Nygren I., Nunes S.L., Morin A.-K., Kander T., Adolfsson A., Zender H.O., Leemann-Refondini C., Elatrous S., Bouchoucha S., Chouchene I., Ouanes I., Souissi A.B., Kamoun S., Demirkiran O., Aker M., Erbabacan E., Ceylan I., Girgin N.K., Ozcelik M., Ünal N., Meco B.C., Akyol O.O., Derman S.S., Kennedy B., Parhar K., Srinivasa L., McNamee L., McAuley D., Hopkins P., Mellis C., Kakar V., Hadfield D., Vercueil A., Bhowmick K., Humphreys S.K., Ferguson A., Mckee R., Raj A.S., Fawkes D.A., Watt P., Twohey L., Jha R.R., Thomas M., Morton A., Kadaba V., Smith M.J., Hormis A.P., Kannan S.G., Namih M., Reschreiter H., Camsooksai J., Kumar A., Rugonfalvi S., Nutt C., Oneill O., Seasman C., Dempsey G., Scott C.J., Ellis H.E., Mckechnie S., Hutton P.J., Di Tomasso N.N., Vitale M.N., Griffin R.O., Dean M.N., Cranshaw J.H., Willett E.L., Ioannou N., Gillis S., Csabi P., Macfadyen R., Dawson H., Preez P.D., Williams A.J., Boyd O., de Gordoa L.O.-R., Bramall J., Symmonds S., Chau S.K., Wenham T., Szakmany T., Toth-Tarsoly P., McCalman K.H., Alexander P., Stephenson L., Collyer T., Chapman R., Cooper R., Allan R.M., Sim M., Wrathall D.W., Irvine D.A., Zantua C.K.S., Adams J.C., Burtenshaw A.J., Sellors G.P., Welters I.D., Williams K.E., Hessell R.J., Oldroyd M.G., Battle C.E., Pillai S., Kajtor I., Sivashanmugavel M., Okane S.C., Donnelly A., Frigyik A.D., Careless J.P., May M.M., Stewart R., Trinder T.J., Hagan S.J., Cole J.M., MacFie C.C., Dowling A.T., Hurtado J., Nin N., Hurtado J., Nuñez E., Pittini G., Rodriguez R., Imperio M.C., Santos C., França A.G., Ebeid A., Deicas A., Serra C., Uppalapati A., Kamel G., BannerGoodspeed V.M., Beitler J.R., Mukkera S.R., Kulkarni S., Shinn III J.O., Gomaa D., Tainter C., Lee J., Mesar T., Yeatts D.J., Warren J., Lanspa M.J., Miller R.R., Grissom C.K., Brown S.M., Bauer P.R., Gosselin R.J., Kitch B.T., Cohen J.E., Beegle S.H., Choudry S., Gueret R.M., Tulaimat A., Stigler W., Batra H., Huff N.G., Lamb K.D., Oetting T.W., Mohr N.M., Judy C., Saito S., Kheir F.M., Kheir F., Schlichting A.B., Delsing A., Crouch D.R., Elmasri M., Crouch D.R., Ismail D., Dreyer K.R., Blakeman T.C., Baro R.M., Hou P.C., Seethala R., Aisiku I., Henderson G., Frendl G., Hou S.-K., Owens R.L., Schomer A.

Published
2022

6. Outcome of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: insights from the LUNG SAFE Study

Author

Pham, Tài, Pesenti, Antonio, Bellani, Giacomo, Rubenfeld, Gordon, Fan, Eddy, Bugedo, Guillermo, Lorente, José Angel, Fernandes, Antero do Vale, Van Haren, Frank, Bruhn, Alejandro, Rios, Fernando, Esteban, Andres, Gattinoni, Luciano, Larsson, Anders, McAuley, Daniel F., Ranieri, Marco, Thompson, B. Taylor, Wrigge, Hermann, Brochard, Laurent J., Laffey, John G, Antonio Pesenti, John G Laffey, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, Daniel F McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, Giacomo Bellani, Tài Pham, Eddy Fan, Fernando Rios, Thierry Sottiaux, Pieter Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J Rodgers, Rebecca T Millar, Toni E McKenna, Irene M Bailey, Gabrielle C Hanlon, Anders Aneman, Joan M Lynch, Raman Azad, John Neal, Paul W Woods, Brigit L Roberts, Mark R Kol, Helen S Wong, Katharina C Riss, Thomas Staudinger, Xavier Wittebole, Caroline Berghe, Pierre A Bulpa, Alain M Dive, Rik Verstraete, Herve Lebbinck, Joris Vermassen, Philippe Meersseman, Helga Ceunen, Jonas I Rosa, Daniel O Beraldo, Claudio Piras, Adenilton M Rampinelli, Antonio P Nassar Jr, Sergio Mataloun, Marcelo Moock, Marlus M Thompson, Claudio H Gonçalves, Ana Carolina P Antônio, Aline Ascoli, Rodrigo S Biondi, Danielle C Fontenele, Danielle Nobrega, Vanessa M Sales, Ahmad Yazid Bin Hj Abul Wahab, Maizatul Ismail, Suresh Shindhe, John Laffey, Francois Beloncle, Kyle G Davies, Rob Cirone, Venika Manoharan, Mehvish Ismail, Ewan C Goligher, Mandeep Jassal, Erin Nishikawa, Areej Javeed, Gerard Curley, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Matteo Parotto, Niall D Ferguson, Sangeeta Mehta, Jenny Knoll, Antoine Pronovost, Sergio Canestrini, Alejandro R Bruhn, Patricio H Garcia, Felipe A Aliaga, Pamela A Farías, Jacob S Yumha, Claudia A Ortiz, Javier E Salas, Alejandro A Saez, Luis D Vega, Eduardo F Labarca, Felipe T Martinez, Nicolás G Carreño, Pilar Lora, Haitao Liu, Ling Liu, Rui Tang, Xiaoming Luo, Youzhong An, Huiying Zhao, Yan Gao, Zhe Zhai, Zheng L Ye, Wei Wang, Wenwen Li, Qingdong Li, Ruiqiang Zheng, Wenkui Yu, Juanhong Shen, Xinyu Li, Tao Yu, Weihua Lu, Ya Q Wu, Xiao B Huang, Zhenyang He, Yuanhua Lu, Hui Han, Fan Zhang, Renhua Sun, Hua X Wang, Shu H Qin, Bao H Zhu, Jun Zhao, Jian Liu, Bin Li, Jing L Liu, Fa C Zhou, Qiong J Li, Xing Y Zhang, Zhou Li-Xin, Qiang Xin-Hua, Liangyan Jiang, Yuan N Gao, Xian Y Zhao, Yuan Y Li, Xiao L Li, Chunting Wang, Qingchun Yao, Rongguo Yu, Kai Chen, Huanzhang Shao, Bingyu Qin, Qing Q Huang, Wei H Zhu, Ai Y Hang, Ma X Hua, Yimin Li, Yonghao Xu, Yu D Di, Long L Ling, Tie H Qin, Shou H Wang, Junping Qin, Yi Han, Suming Zhou, Monica P Vargas, Juan I Silesky Jimenez, Manuel A González Rojas, Jaime E SolisQuesada, Christian M Ramirez-Alfaro, Jan Máca, Peter Sklienka, Jakob Gjedsted, Aage Christiansen, Boris G Villamagua, Iguel Llano, Philippe Burtin, Gautier Buzancais, Pascal Beuret, Nicolas Pelletier, Satar Mortaza, Alain Mercat, Jonathan Chelly, Sébastien Jochmans, Nicolas Terzi, Cédric Daubin, Guillaume Carteaux, Nicolas de Prost, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Fabrice Daviaud, Muriel Fartoukh, Guillaume Barberet, Jerome Biehler, Jean Dellamonica, Denis Doyen, Jean-Michel Arnal, Anais Briquet, Sami Hraiech, Laurent Papazian, Arnaud Follin, Damien Roux, Jonathan Messika, Evangelos Kalaitzis, Laurence Dangers, Alain Combes, Siu-Ming Au, Gaetan Béduneau, Dorothée Carpentier, Elie H Zogheib, Herve Dupont, Sylvie Ricome, Francesco L Santoli, Sebastien L Besset, Philippe Michel, Bruno Gelée, Pierre-Eric Danin, Bernard Goubaux, Philippe J Crova, Nga T Phan, Frantz Berkelmans, Julio C Badie, Romain Tapponnier, Josette Gally, Samy Khebbeb, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Francis Schneider, PierreLouis M Declercq, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jacques Duranteau, Anatole Harrois, Russell Chabanne, Julien Marin, Charlene Bigot, Sandrine Thibault, Mohammed Ghazi, Messabi Boukhazna, Salem Ould Zein, Jack R Richecoeur, Daniele M Combaux, Fabien Grelon, Charlene Le Moal, Elise P Sauvadet, Adrien Robine, Virginie Lemiale, Danielle Reuter, Martin Dres, Alexandre Demoule, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Loredana Baboi, Claude Guérin, Ralph Lohner, Jens Kraßler, Susanne Schäfer, Kai D Zacharowski, Patrick Meybohm, Andreas W Reske, Philipp Simon, HansBernd F Hopf, Michael Schuetz, Thomas Baltus, Metaxia N Papanikolaou, Theonymfi G Papavasilopoulou, Giannis A Zacharas, Vasilis Ourailogloy, Eleni K Mouloudi, Eleni V Massa, Eva O Nagy, Electra E Stamou, Ellada V Kiourtzieva, Marina A Oikonomou, Luis E Avila, Cesar A Cortez, Johanna E Citalán, Sameer A Jog, Safal D Sable, Bhagyesh Shah, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind K Baronia, Mohammedfaruk Memon, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Venkatapura J Ramesh, Anitha Shenoy, Ramesh Unnikrishnan, Subhal B Dixit, Rachana V Rhayakar, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Vallish K Bhardwaj, Heera L Mahto, Sudha V Sagar, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Deeban Ganesan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Hamidreza Jamaati, Farshad Heidari, Edel A Meaney, Alistair Nichol, Karl M Knapman, Donall O'Croinin, Eimhin S Dunne, Dorothy M Breen, Kevin P Clarkson, Rola F Jaafar, Rory Dwyer, Fahd Amir, Olaitan O Ajetunmobi, Aogan C O'Muircheartaigh, Colin S Black, Nuala Treanor, Daniel V Collins, Wahid Altaf, Gianluca Zani, Maurizio Fusari, Savino Spadaro, Carlo A Volta, Romano Graziani, Barbara Brunettini, Salvatore Palmese, Paolo Formenti, Michele Umbrello, Andrea Lombardo, Elisabetta Pecci, Marco Botteri, Monica Savioli, Alessandro Protti, Alessia Mattei, Lorenzo Schiavoni, Andrea Tinnirello, Manuel Todeschini, Antonino Giarratano, Andrea Cortegiani, Massimo M Antonelli, Luca M Montini, Paolo Casalena, Sergio Scafetti, Giovanna Panarello, Giovanna Occhipinti, Nicolò Patroniti, Matteo Pozzi, Roberto R Biscione, Michela M Poli, Ferdinando Raimondi, Daniela Albiero, Giulia Crapelli, Eduardo Beck, Vincenzo Pota, Vincenzo Schiavone, Alexandre Molin, Fabio Tarantino, Giacomo Monti, Elena Frati, Lucia Mirabella, Gilda Cinnella, Tommaso Fossali, Riccardo Colombo, Pierpaolo Terragni, Ilaria Pattarino, Francesco Mojoli, Antonio Braschi, Erika E Borotto, Andrea N Cracchiolo, Daniela M Palma, Francesco Raponi, Giuseppe Foti, Ettore R Vascotto, Andrea Coppadoro, Luca Brazzi, Leda Floris, Giorgio A Iotti, Aaron Venti, Osamu Yamaguchi, Shunsuke Takagi, Hiroki N Maeyama, Eizo Watanabe, Yoshihiro Yamaji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kyoko Shiozaki, Satoru Futami, Sekine Ryosuke, Koji Saito, Yoshinobu Kameyama, Keiko Ueno, Masayo Izawa, Nao Okuda, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomofumi Harasawa, Michitaka Nasu, Tadaaki Takada, Fumihito Ito, Shin Nunomiya, Kansuke Koyama, Toshikazu Abe, Kohkichi Andoh, Kohei Kusumoto, Akira Hirata, Akihiro Takaba, Hiroyasu Kimura, Shuhei Matsumoto, Ushio Higashijima, Hiroyuki Honda, Nobumasa Aoki, Hiroshi Imai, Yasuaki Ogino, Ichiko Mizuguchi, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Tomoaki Hashida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Daisuke Niimi, Takeshi Ueda, Yozo Kashiwa, Akinori Uchiyama, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Peteris Oss, Youssef Haddad, Kong Y Liew, Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva, Yves D Jarquin-Badiola, Luis A Sanchez-Hurtado, Saira S Gomez-Flores, Maria C Marin, Asisclo J Villagomez, Jordana S Lemus, Jonathan M Fierro, Mavy Ramirez Cervantes, Francisco Javier Flores Mejia, Dulce Dector, Alejandro Rojas, Daniel R Gonzalez, Claudia R Estrella, Jorge R Sanchez-Medina, Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez, Fernando G George, Janet S Aguirre, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Tarek Dendane, Hicham Balkhi, Mina Elkhayari, Nacer Samkaoui, Hanane Ezzouine, Abdellatif Benslama, Mourad Amor, Wajdi Maazouzi, Nedim Cimic, Oliver Beck, Monique M Bruns, Jeroen A Schouten, Myra Rinia, Monique Raaijmakers, Hellen M van Wezel, Serge J Heines, Ulrich Strauch, Marc P Buise, Fabienne D Simonis, Marcus J Schultz, Jennifer C Goodson, Troy S Browne, Leanlove Navarra, Anna Hunt, Robyn A Hutchison, Mathew B Bailey, Lynette Newby, Colin McArthur, Michael Kalkoff, Alex Mcleod, Jonathan Casement, Danielle J Hacking, Finn H Andersen, Merete S Dolva, Jon H Laake, Andreas Barratt-Due, Kim Andre L Noremark, Eldar Søreide, Brit Å Sjøbø, Anne B Guttormsen, Hector H Leon Yoshido, Ronald Zumaran Aguilar, Fredy A Montes Oscanoa, Alain U Alisasis, Joanne B Robles, Rossini Abbie B Pasanting-Lim, Beatriz C Tan, Pawel Andruszkiewicz, Karina Jakubowska, Cristina M Coxo, António M Alvarez, Bruno S Oliveira, Gustavo M Montanha, Nelson C Barros, Carlos S Pereira, António M Messias, Jorge M Monteiro, Ana M Araujo, Nuno T Catorze, Susan M Marum, Maria J Bouw, Rui M Gomes, Vania A Brito, Silvia Castro, Joana M Estilita, Filipa M Barros, Isabel M Serra, Aurelia M Martinho, Dana R Tomescu, Alexandra Marcu, Ovidiu H Bedreag, Marius Papurica, Dan E Corneci, Silvius Ioan Negoita, Evgeny Grigoriev, Alexey I Gritsan, Andrey A Gazenkampf, Ghaleb Almekhlafi, Mohamad M Albarrak, Ghanem M Mustafa, Khalid A Maghrabi, Nawal Salahuddin, Tharwat M Aisa, Ahmed S Al Jabbary, Edgardo Tabhan, Yaseen M Arabi, Olivia A Trinidad, Hasan M Al Dorzi, Edgardo E Tabhan, Vesna Bumbasirevic, Bojan Jovanovic, Stefan Bolon, Oliver Smith, Jordi Mancebo, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, Juan C Lopez-Delgado, Francisco Esteve, Gemma Rialp, Catalina Forteza, Candelaria De Haro, Antonio Artigas, Guillermo M Albaiceta, Sara De Cima-Iglesias, Leticia Seoane-Quiroga, Alexandra Ceniceros-Barros, Antonio L RuizAguilar, Luis M Claraco-Vega, Juan Alfonso Soler, Maria Del Carmen Lorente, Cecilia Hermosa, Federico Gordo, Miryam PrietoGonzález, Juan B López-Messa, Manuel P Perez, Cesar P Perez, Raquel Montoiro Allue, Ferran RocheCampo, Marcos Ibañez-Santacruz, Susana TempranoSusana, Maria C Pintado, Raul De Pablo, Pilar Ricart Aroa Gómez, Silvia Rodriguez Ruiz, Silvia Iglesias Moles, Mª Teresa Jurado, Alfons Arizmendi, Enrique A Piacentini, Nieves Franco, Teresa Honrubia, Meisy Perez Cheng, Elena Perez Losada, Javier Blanco, Luis J Yuste, Cecilia Carbayo-Gorriz, Francisca G Cazorla-Barranquero, Javier G Alonso, Rosa S Alda, Ángela Algaba, Gonzalo Navarro, Enrique Cereijo, Esther Diaz-Rodriguez, Diego Pastor Marcos, Laura Alvarez Montero, Luis Herrera Para, Roberto Jimenez Sanchez, Miguel Angel Blasco Navalpotro, Ricardo Diaz Abad, Raquel Montiel González, Dácil Parrilla Toribio, Alejandro G Castro, Maria Jose D Artiga, Oscar Penuelas, Tomas P Roser, Moreno F Olga, Elena Gallego Curto, Rocío Manzano Sánchez, Vallverdu P Imma, Garcia M Elisabet, Laura Claverias, Monica Magret, Ana M Pellicer, Lucia L Rodriguez, Jesús Sánchez-Ballesteros, Ángela González-Salamanca, Antonio G Jimenez, Francisco P Huerta, Juan Carlos J Sotillo Diaz, Esther Bermejo Lopez, David D Llinares Moya, Alec A Tallet Alfonso, Palazon Sanchez Eugenio Luis, Palazon Sanchez Cesar, Sánchez I Rafael, Corcoles G Virgilio, Noelia N Recio, Christian C Rylander, Bernhard Holzgraefe, Lars M Broman, Joanna Wessbergh, Linnea Persson, Fredrik Schiöler, Hans Kedelv, Anna Oscarsson Tibblin, Henrik Appelberg, Lars Hedlund, Johan Helleberg, Karin E Eriksson, Rita Glietsch, Niklas Larsson, Ingela Nygren, Silvia L Nunes, Anna-Karin Morin, Thomas Kander, Anne Adolfsson, Hervé O Zender, Corinne Leemann-Refondini, Souheil Elatrous, Slaheddine Bouchoucha, Imed Chouchene, Islem Ouanes, Asma Ben Souissi, Salma Kamoun, Oktay Demirkiran, Mustafa Aker, Emre Erbabacan, Ilkay Ceylan, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Menekse Ozcelik, Necmettin Ünal, Basak Ceyda Meco, Onat O Akyol, Suleyman S Derman, Barry Kennedy, Ken Parhar, Latha Srinivasa, Danny McAuley, Phil Hopkins, Clare Mellis, Vivek Kakar, Dan Hadfield, Andre Vercueil, Kaushik Bhowmick, Sally K Humphreys, Andrew Ferguson, Raymond Mckee, Ashok S Raj, Danielle A Fawkes, Philip Watt, Linda Twohey, Rajeev R Jha, Matthew Thomas, Alex Morton, Varsha Kadaba, Mark J Smith, Anil P Hormis, Santhana G Kannan, Miriam Namih, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Alek Kumar, Szabolcs Rugonfalvi, Christopher Nutt, Orla Oneill, Colette Seasman, Ged Dempsey, Christopher J Scott, Helen E Ellis, Stuart Mckechnie, Paula J Hutton, Nora N Di Tomasso, Michela N Vitale, Ruth O Griffin, Michael N Dean, Julius H Cranshaw, Emma L Willett, Nicholas Ioannou, Sarah Gillis, Peter Csabi, Rosaleen Macfadyen, Heidi Dawson, Pieter D Preez, Alexandra J Williams, Owen Boyd, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Jon Bramall, Sophie Symmonds, Simon K Chau, Tim Wenham, Tamas Szakmany, Piroska Toth-Tarsoly, Katie H McCalman, Peter Alexander, Lorraine Stephenson, Thomas Collyer, Rhiannon Chapman, Raphael Cooper, Russell M Allan, Malcolm Sim, David W Wrathall, Donald A Irvine, Kim S Zantua, John C Adams, Andrew J Burtenshaw, Gareth P Sellors, Ingeborg D Welters, Karen E Williams, Robert J Hessell, Matthew G Oldroyd, Ceri E Battle, Suresh Pillai, Istvan Kajtor, Mageswaran Sivashanmugavel, Sinead C Okane, Adrian Donnelly, Aniko D Frigyik, Jon P Careless, Martin M May, Richard Stewart, T John Trinder, Samantha J Hagan, Jade M Cole, Caroline C MacFie, Anna T Dowling, Nicolás Nin, Edgardo Nuñez, Gustavo Pittini, Ruben Rodriguez, María C Imperio, Cristina Santos, Ana G França, Alejandro Ebeid, Alberto Deicas, Carolina Serra, Aditya Uppalapati, Ghassan Kamel, Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed, Jeremy R Beitler, Satyanarayana Reddy Mukkera, Shreedhar Kulkarni, John O Shinn Iii, Dina Gomaa, Christopher Tainter, Jarone Lee, Tomaz MesarJarone Lee, Dale J Yeatts, Jessica Warren, Michael J Lanspa, Russel R Miller, Colin K Grissom, Samuel M Brown, Philippe R Bauer, Ryan J Gosselin, Barrett T Kitch, Jason E Cohen, Scott H Beegle, Shazia Choudry, Renaud M Gueret, Aiman Tulaimat, William Stigler, Hitesh Batra, Nidhi G Huff, Keith D Lamb, Trevor W Oetting, Nicholas M Mohr, Claine Judy, Shigeki Saito, Fayez M Kheir, Fayez Kheir, Adam B Schlichting, Angela Delsing, Daniel R Crouch, Mary Elmasri, Dina Ismail, Kyle R Dreyer, Thomas C Blakeman, Rebecca M Baro, Carolina Quintana Grijalba, Peter C Hou, Raghu Seethala, Imo Aisiku, Galen Henderson, Gyorgy Frendl, Sen-Kuang Hou, Robert L Owens, Ashley Schomer, Pham, Tài, Pesenti, Antonio, Bellani, Giacomo, Rubenfeld, Gordon, Fan, Eddy, Bugedo, Guillermo, Lorente, José Angel, Fernandes, Antero do Vale, Van Haren, Frank, Bruhn, Alejandro, Rios, Fernando, Esteban, Andre, Gattinoni, Luciano, Larsson, Ander, McAuley, Daniel F., Ranieri, Marco, Thompson, B. Taylor, Wrigge, Hermann, Brochard, Laurent J., Laffey, John G, Antonio Pesenti, John G Laffey, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, Daniel F McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, John G Laffey, Giacomo Bellani, Tài Pham, Eddy Fan, Fernando Rios, Frank van Haren, Thierry Sottiaux, Pieter Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Eddy Fan, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Tài Pham, Hermann Wrigge, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Giacomo Bellani, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Anders Larsson, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, Daniel F McAuley, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J Rodgers, Rebecca T Millar, Toni E McKenna, Irene M Bailey, Gabrielle C Hanlon, Anders Aneman, Joan M Lynch, Raman Azad, John Neal, Paul W Woods, Brigit L Roberts, Mark R Kol, Helen S Wong, Katharina C Riss, Thomas Staudinger, Xavier Wittebole, Caroline Berghe, Pierre A Bulpa, Alain M Dive, Rik Verstraete, Herve Lebbinck, Pieter Depuydt, Joris Vermassen, Philippe Meersseman, Helga Ceunen, Jonas I Rosa, Daniel O Beraldo, Claudio Piras, Adenilton M Rampinelli, Antonio P Nassar Jr, Sergio Mataloun, Marcelo Moock, Marlus M Thompson, Claudio H Gonçalves, Ana Carolina P Antônio, Aline Ascoli, Rodrigo S Biondi, Danielle C Fontenele, Danielle Nobrega, Vanessa M Sales, Ahmad Yazid Bin Hj Abul Wahab, Maizatul Ismail, Suresh Shindhe, John Laffey, Francois Beloncle, Kyle G Davies, Rob Cirone, Venika Manoharan, Mehvish Ismail, Ewan C Goligher, Mandeep Jassal, Erin Nishikawa, Areej Javeed, Gerard Curley, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Matteo Parotto, Niall D Ferguson, Sangeeta Mehta, Jenny Knoll, Antoine Pronovost, Sergio Canestrini, Alejandro R Bruhn, Patricio H Garcia, Felipe A Aliaga, Pamela A Farías, Jacob S Yumha, Claudia A Ortiz, Javier E Salas, Alejandro A Saez, Luis D Vega, Eduardo F Labarca, Felipe T Martinez, Nicolás G Carreño, Pilar Lora, Haitao Liu, Haibo Qiu, Ling Liu, Rui Tang, Xiaoming Luo, Youzhong An, Huiying Zhao, Yan Gao, Zhe Zhai, Zheng L Ye, Wei Wang, Wenwen Li, Qingdong Li, Ruiqiang Zheng, Wenkui Yu, Juanhong Shen, Xinyu Li, Tao Yu, Weihua Lu, Ya Q Wu, Xiao B Huang, Zhenyang He, Yuanhua Lu, Hui Han, Fan Zhang, Renhua Sun, Hua X Wang, Shu H Qin, Bao H Zhu, Jun Zhao, Jian Liu, Bin Li, Jing L Liu, Fa C Zhou, Qiong J Li, Xing Y Zhang, Zhou Li-Xin, Qiang Xin-Hua, Liangyan Jiang, Yuan N Gao, Xian Y Zhao, Yuan Y Li, Xiao L Li, Chunting Wang, Qingchun Yao, Rongguo Yu, Kai Chen, Huanzhang Shao, Bingyu Qin, Qing Q Huang, Wei H Zhu, Ai Y Hang, Ma X Hua, Yimin Li, Yonghao Xu, Yu D Di, Long L Ling, Tie H Qin, Shou H Wang, Junping Qin, Yi Han, Suming Zhou, Monica P Vargas, Juan I Silesky Jimenez, Manuel A González Rojas, Jaime E SolisQuesada, Christian M Ramirez-Alfaro, Jan Máca, Peter Sklienka, Jakob Gjedsted, Aage Christiansen, Jonas Nielsen, Boris G Villamagua, Iguel Llano, Philippe Burtin, Gautier Buzancais, Pascal Beuret, Nicolas Pelletier, Satar Mortaza, Alain Mercat, Jonathan Chelly, Sébastien Jochmans, Nicolas Terzi, Cédric Daubin, Guillaume Carteaux, Nicolas de Prost, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Fabrice Daviaud, Tài Pham, Muriel Fartoukh, Guillaume Barberet, Jerome Biehler, Jean Dellamonica, Denis Doyen, Jean-Michel Arnal, Anais Briquet, Sami Hraiech, Laurent Papazian, Arnaud Follin, Damien Roux, Jonathan Messika, Evangelos Kalaitzis, Laurence Dangers, Alain Combes, Siu-Ming Au, Gaetan Béduneau, Dorothée Carpentier, Elie H Zogheib, Herve Dupont, Sylvie Ricome, Francesco L Santoli, Sebastien L Besset, Philippe Michel, Bruno Gelée, Pierre-Eric Danin, Bernard Goubaux, Philippe J Crova, Nga T Phan, Frantz Berkelmans, Julio C Badie, Romain Tapponnier, Josette Gally, Samy Khebbeb, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Francis Schneider, PierreLouis M Declercq, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jacques Duranteau, Anatole Harrois, Russell Chabanne, Julien Marin, Charlene Bigot, Sandrine Thibault, Mohammed Ghazi, Messabi Boukhazna, Salem Ould Zein, Jack R Richecoeur, Daniele M Combaux, Fabien Grelon, Charlene Le Moal, Elise P Sauvadet, Adrien Robine, Virginie Lemiale, Danielle Reuter, Martin Dres, Alexandre Demoule, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Loredana Baboi, Claude Guérin, Ralph Lohner, Jens Kraßler, Susanne Schäfer, Kai D Zacharowski, Patrick Meybohm, Andreas W Reske, Philipp Simon, HansBernd F Hopf, Michael Schuetz, Thomas Baltus, Metaxia N Papanikolaou, Theonymfi G Papavasilopoulou, Giannis A Zacharas, Vasilis Ourailogloy, Eleni K Mouloudi, Eleni V Massa, Eva O Nagy, Electra E Stamou, Ellada V Kiourtzieva, Marina A Oikonomou, Luis E Avila, Cesar A Cortez, Johanna E Citalán, Sameer A Jog, Safal D Sable, Bhagyesh Shah, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind K Baronia, Mohammedfaruk Memon, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Venkatapura J Ramesh, Anitha Shenoy, Ramesh Unnikrishnan, Subhal B Dixit, Rachana V Rhayakar, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Vallish K Bhardwaj, Heera L Mahto, Sudha V Sagar, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Deeban Ganesan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Hamidreza Jamaati, Farshad Heidari, Edel A Meaney, Alistair Nichol, Karl M Knapman, Donall O'Croinin, Eimhin S Dunne, Dorothy M Breen, Kevin P Clarkson, Rola F Jaafar, Rory Dwyer, Fahd Amir, Olaitan O Ajetunmobi, Aogan C O'Muircheartaigh, Colin S Black, Nuala Treanor, Daniel V Collins, Wahid Altaf, Gianluca Zani, Maurizio Fusari, Savino Spadaro, Carlo A Volta, Romano Graziani, Barbara Brunettini, Salvatore Palmese, Paolo Formenti, Michele Umbrello, Andrea Lombardo, Elisabetta Pecci, Marco Botteri, Monica Savioli, Alessandro Protti, Alessia Mattei, Lorenzo Schiavoni, Andrea Tinnirello, Manuel Todeschini, Antonino Giarratano, Andrea Cortegiani, Massimo M Antonelli, Luca M Montini, Paolo Casalena, Sergio Scafetti, Giovanna Panarello, Giovanna Occhipinti, Nicolò Patroniti, Matteo Pozzi, Roberto R Biscione, Michela M Poli, Ferdinando Raimondi, Daniela Albiero, Giulia Crapelli, Eduardo Beck, Vincenzo Pota, Vincenzo Schiavone, Alexandre Molin, Fabio Tarantino, Giacomo Monti, Elena Frati, Lucia Mirabella, Gilda Cinnella, Tommaso Fossali, Riccardo Colombo, Pierpaolo Terragni, Ilaria Pattarino, Francesco Mojoli, Antonio Braschi, Erika E Borotto, Andrea N Cracchiolo, Daniela M Palma, Francesco Raponi, Giuseppe Foti, Ettore R Vascotto, Andrea Coppadoro, Luca Brazzi, Leda Floris, Giorgio A Iotti, Aaron Venti, Osamu Yamaguchi, Shunsuke Takagi, Hiroki N Maeyama, Eizo Watanabe, Yoshihiro Yamaji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kyoko Shiozaki, Satoru Futami, Sekine Ryosuke, Koji Saito, Yoshinobu Kameyama, Keiko Ueno, Masayo Izawa, Nao Okuda, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomofumi Harasawa, Michitaka Nasu, Tadaaki Takada, Fumihito Ito, Shin Nunomiya, Kansuke Koyama, Toshikazu Abe, Kohkichi Andoh, Kohei Kusumoto, Akira Hirata, Akihiro Takaba, Hiroyasu Kimura, Shuhei Matsumoto, Ushio Higashijima, Hiroyuki Honda, Nobumasa Aoki, Hiroshi Imai, Yasuaki Ogino, Ichiko Mizuguchi, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Tomoaki Hashida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Daisuke Niimi, Takeshi Ueda, Yozo Kashiwa, Akinori Uchiyama, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Peteris Oss, Youssef Haddad, Kong Y Liew, Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva, Yves D Jarquin-Badiola, Luis A Sanchez-Hurtado, Saira S Gomez-Flores, Maria C Marin, Asisclo J Villagomez, Jordana S Lemus, Jonathan M Fierro, Mavy Ramirez Cervantes, Francisco Javier Flores Mejia, Dulce Dector, Alejandro Rojas, Daniel R Gonzalez, Claudia R Estrella, Jorge R Sanchez-Medina, Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez, Fernando G George, Janet S Aguirre, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Tarek Dendane, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Hicham Balkhi, Mina Elkhayari, Nacer Samkaoui, Hanane Ezzouine, Abdellatif Benslama, Mourad Amor, Wajdi Maazouzi, Nedim Cimic, Oliver Beck, Monique M Bruns, Jeroen A Schouten, Myra Rinia, Monique Raaijmakers, Leo M Heunks, Hellen M van Wezel, Serge J Heines, Ulrich Strauch, Marc P Buise, Fabienne D Simonis, Marcus J Schultz, Jennifer C Goodson, Troy S Browne, Leanlove Navarra, Anna Hunt, Robyn A Hutchison, Mathew B Bailey, Lynette Newby, Colin McArthur, Michael Kalkoff, Alex Mcleod, Jonathan Casement, Danielle J Hacking, Finn H Andersen, Merete S Dolva, Jon H Laake, Andreas Barratt-Due, Kim Andre L Noremark, Eldar Søreide, Brit Å Sjøbø, Anne B Guttormsen, Hector H Leon Yoshido, Ronald Zumaran Aguilar, Fredy A Montes Oscanoa, Alain U Alisasis, Joanne B Robles, Rossini Abbie B Pasanting-Lim, Beatriz C Tan, Pawel Andruszkiewicz, Karina Jakubowska, Cristina M Coxo, António M Alvarez, Bruno S Oliveira, Gustavo M Montanha, Nelson C Barros, Carlos S Pereira, António M Messias, Jorge M Monteiro, Ana M Araujo, Nuno T Catorze, Susan M Marum, Maria J Bouw, Rui M Gomes, Vania A Brito, Silvia Castro, Joana M Estilita, Filipa M Barros, Isabel M Serra, Aurelia M Martinho, Dana R Tomescu, Alexandra Marcu, Ovidiu H Bedreag, Marius Papurica, Dan E Corneci, Silvius Ioan Negoita, Evgeny Grigoriev, Alexey I Gritsan, Andrey A Gazenkampf, Ghaleb Almekhlafi, Mohamad M Albarrak, Ghanem M Mustafa, Khalid A Maghrabi, Nawal Salahuddin, Tharwat M Aisa, Ahmed S Al Jabbary, Edgardo Tabhan, Yaseen M Arabi, Yaseen M Arabi, Olivia A Trinidad, Hasan M Al Dorzi, Edgardo E Tabhan, Vesna Bumbasirevic, Bojan Jovanovic, Stefan Bolon, Oliver Smith, Jordi Mancebo, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, Juan C Lopez-Delgado, Francisco Esteve, Gemma Rialp, Catalina Forteza, Candelaria De Haro, Antonio Artigas, Guillermo M Albaiceta, Sara De Cima-Iglesias, Leticia Seoane-Quiroga, Alexandra Ceniceros-Barros, Antonio L RuizAguilar, Luis M Claraco-Vega, Juan Alfonso Soler, Maria Del Carmen Lorente, Cecilia Hermosa, Federico Gordo, Miryam PrietoGonzález, Juan B López-Messa, Manuel P Perez, Cesar P Perez, Raquel Montoiro Allue, Ferran RocheCampo, Marcos Ibañez-Santacruz, Susana TempranoSusana, Maria C Pintado, Raul De Pablo, Pilar Ricart Aroa Gómez, Silvia Rodriguez Ruiz, Silvia Iglesias Moles, Mª Teresa Jurado, Alfons Arizmendi, Enrique A Piacentini, Nieves Franco, Teresa Honrubia, Meisy Perez Cheng, Elena Perez Losada, Javier Blanco, Luis J Yuste, Cecilia Carbayo-Gorriz, Francisca G Cazorla-Barranquero, Javier G Alonso, Rosa S Alda, Ángela Algaba, Gonzalo Navarro, Enrique Cereijo, Esther Diaz-Rodriguez, Diego Pastor Marcos, Laura Alvarez Montero, Luis Herrera Para, Roberto Jimenez Sanchez, Miguel Angel Blasco Navalpotro, Ricardo Diaz Abad, Raquel Montiel González, Dácil Parrilla Toribio, Alejandro G Castro, Maria Jose D Artiga, Oscar Penuelas, Tomas P Roser, Moreno F Olga, Elena Gallego Curto, Rocío Manzano Sánchez, Vallverdu P Imma, Garcia M Elisabet, Laura Claverias, Monica Magret, Ana M Pellicer, Lucia L Rodriguez, Jesús Sánchez-Ballesteros, Ángela González-Salamanca, Antonio G Jimenez, Francisco P Huerta, Juan Carlos J Sotillo Diaz, Esther Bermejo Lopez, David D Llinares Moya, Alec A Tallet Alfonso, Palazon Sanchez Eugenio Luis, Palazon Sanchez Cesar, Sánchez I Rafael, Corcoles G Virgilio, Noelia N Recio, Christian C Rylander, Bernhard Holzgraefe, Lars M Broman, Joanna Wessbergh, Linnea Persson, Fredrik Schiöler, Hans Kedelv, Anna Oscarsson Tibblin, Henrik Appelberg, Lars Hedlund, Johan Helleberg, Karin E Eriksson, Rita Glietsch, Niklas Larsson, Ingela Nygren, Silvia L Nunes, Anna-Karin Morin, Thomas Kander, Anne Adolfsson, Lise Piquilloud, Hervé O Zender, Corinne Leemann-Refondini, Souheil Elatrous, Slaheddine Bouchoucha, Imed Chouchene, Islem Ouanes, Asma Ben Souissi, Salma Kamoun, Oktay Demirkiran, Mustafa Aker, Emre Erbabacan, Ilkay Ceylan, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Menekse Ozcelik, Necmettin Ünal, Basak Ceyda Meco, Onat O Akyol, Suleyman S Derman, Barry Kennedy, Ken Parhar, Latha Srinivasa, Lia McNamee, Danny McAuley, Phil Hopkins, Clare Mellis, Vivek Kakar, Dan Hadfield, Andre Vercueil, Kaushik Bhowmick, Sally K Humphreys, Andrew Ferguson, Raymond Mckee, Ashok S Raj, Danielle A Fawkes, Philip Watt, Linda Twohey, Rajeev R Jha, Matthew Thomas, Alex Morton, Varsha Kadaba, Mark J Smith, Anil P Hormis, Santhana G Kannan, Miriam Namih, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Alek Kumar, Szabolcs Rugonfalvi, Christopher Nutt, Orla Oneill, Colette Seasman, Ged Dempsey, Christopher J Scott, Helen E Ellis, Stuart Mckechnie, Paula J Hutton, Nora N Di Tomasso, Michela N Vitale, Ruth O Griffin, Michael N Dean, Julius H Cranshaw, Emma L Willett, Nicholas Ioannou, Sarah Gillis, Peter Csabi, Rosaleen Macfadyen, Heidi Dawson, Pieter D Preez, Alexandra J Williams, Owen Boyd, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Jon Bramall, Sophie Symmonds, Simon K Chau, Tim Wenham, Tamas Szakmany, Piroska Toth-Tarsoly, Katie H McCalman, Peter Alexander, Lorraine Stephenson, Thomas Collyer, Rhiannon Chapman, Raphael Cooper, Russell M Allan, Malcolm Sim, David W Wrathall, Donald A Irvine, Kim S Zantua, John C Adams, Andrew J Burtenshaw, Gareth P Sellors, Ingeborg D Welters, Karen E Williams, Robert J Hessell, Matthew G Oldroyd, Ceri E Battle, Suresh Pillai, Istvan Kajtor, Mageswaran Sivashanmugavel, Sinead C Okane, Adrian Donnelly, Aniko D Frigyik, Jon P Careless, Martin M May, Richard Stewart, T John Trinder, Samantha J Hagan, Jade M Cole, Caroline C MacFie, Anna T Dowling, Javier Hurtado, Nicolás Nin, Javier Hurtado, Edgardo Nuñez, Gustavo Pittini, Ruben Rodriguez, María C Imperio, Cristina Santos, Ana G França, Alejandro Ebeid, Alberto Deicas, Carolina Serra, Aditya Uppalapati, Ghassan Kamel, Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed, Jeremy R Beitler, Satyanarayana Reddy Mukkera, Shreedhar Kulkarni, John O Shinn Iii, Dina Gomaa, Christopher Tainter, Jarone Lee, Tomaz MesarJarone Lee, Dale J Yeatts, Jessica Warren, Michael J Lanspa, Russel R Miller, Colin K Grissom, Samuel M Brown, Philippe R Bauer, Ryan J Gosselin, Barrett T Kitch, Jason E Cohen, Scott H Beegle, Shazia Choudry, Renaud M Gueret, Aiman Tulaimat, William Stigler, Hitesh Batra, Nidhi G Huff, Keith D Lamb, Trevor W Oetting, Nicholas M Mohr, Claine Judy, Shigeki Saito, Fayez M Kheir, Fayez Kheir, Adam B Schlichting, Angela Delsing, Daniel R Crouch, Mary Elmasri, Daniel R Crouch, Dina Ismail, Kyle R Dreyer, Thomas C Blakeman, Dina Gomaa, Rebecca M Baro, Carolina Quintana Grijalba, Peter C Hou, Raghu Seethala, Imo Aisiku, Galen Henderson, Gyorgy Frendl, Sen-Kuang Hou, Robert L Owens, Ashley Schomer, Intensive Care Medicine, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ACS - Microcirculation, Pham, T, Pesenti, A, Bellani, G, Rubenfeld, G, Fan, E, Bugedo, G, Lorente, J, Fernandes, A, Van Haren, F, Bruhn, A, Rios, F, Esteban, A, Gattinoni, L, Larsson, A, Mcauley, D, Ranieri, M, Thompson, B, Wrigge, H, Brochard, L, Laffey, J, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Groupe de recherche clinique CARMAS, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of Milan, San Gerardo Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Mount Sinai Hospital [Toronto, Canada] (MSH), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), University Hospital of Getafe, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universidad Europea de Madrid, Hospital Garcia de Orta (EPE), Canberra Hospital, Medical School [Australian National University - ANU], Australian National University (ANU), University of Canberra, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Uppsala University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Università degli Studi di Bologna, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University Hospital Leipzig, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Pain Therapy, Bergmannstrost Hospital Halle, 06112, Halle, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Bayer GlaxoSmithKline, GSK Baxter International Boehringer Ingelheim Wellcome Trust, WT National Institute for Health Research, NIHR Queen's University Belfast, QUB Medical Research Council Canada, MRC European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, ESICM, Support statement: This work was supported by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Funding information for this article has been deposited with the Crossref Funder Registry., Conflict of interest: T. Pham has nothing to disclose. A. Pesenti reports personal fees from Maquet, Novalung/Xenios, Baxter, Gilead and Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. G. Bellani reports grants and personal fees from Draeger Medical, personal fees from Getinge, Hamilton, GE Healthcare, Dimar SRL, Intersurgical and Flowmeter SPA, outside the submitted work. G. Rubenfeld has nothing to disclose. E. Fan reports personal fees from ALung Technologies, Getinge and MC3 Cardiopulmonary, grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Fresenius Medical Care, outside the submitted work. G. Bugedo has nothing to disclose. J.A. Lorente has nothing to disclose. A.D. V. Fernandes has nothing to disclose. F. Van Haren has nothing to disclose. A. Bruhn has nothing to disclose. F. Rios has nothing to disclose. A. Esteban has nothing to disclose. L. Gattinoni has nothing to disclose. A. Larsson reports grants from the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, during the conduct of the study. D.F. McAuley reports personal fees from consultancy for GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim and Bayer, outside the submitted work, in addition, his institution has received funds from grants from the UK NIHR, Wellcome Trust, Innovate UK, NI HSC R&D Division, NI Chest Heart and Stroke, and MRC, is one of four named inventors on a patent US8962032 covering the use of sialic acid-bearing nanoparticles as anti-inflammatory agents issued to his institution, The Queen’s University of Belfast (http://www.google.com/patents/US8962032), and is a Director of Research for the Intensive Care Society and NIHR EME Programme Director. M. Ranieri has nothing to disclose. B.T. Thompson reports personal fees from Bayer, Thetis and Novartis, outside the submitted work. H. Wrigge reports personal fees for consultancy from Dräger Medical, personal fees for advisory board work from Liberate Medical, grants and personal fees for lectures from InfectoPharm, personal fees for lectures from MSD and GE, outside the submitted work. L.J. Brochard reports grants from Medtronic Covidien, grants and non-financial support from Fisher Paykel, non-financial support from Air Liquide, Sentec and Philips, other (patent) from General Electric, outside the submitted work. J.G. Laffey reports grants and personal fees from Baxter, grants and non-financial support from Aerogen and Factor Biosciences, outside the submitted work., LUNG SAFE Investigators and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Trials Group: Antonio Pesenti, John G Laffey, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, Daniel F McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, John G Laffey, Giacomo Bellani, Tài Pham, Eddy Fan, Fernando Rios, Frank van Haren, Thierry Sottiaux, Pieter Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Eddy Fan, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Tài Pham, Hermann Wrigge, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Giacomo Bellani, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Anders Larsson, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, Daniel F McAuley, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J 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Kaushik Bhowmick, Sally K Humphreys, Andrew Ferguson, Raymond Mckee, Ashok S Raj, Danielle A Fawkes, Philip Watt, Linda Twohey, Rajeev R Jha, Matthew Thomas, Alex Morton, Varsha Kadaba, Mark J Smith, Anil P Hormis, Santhana G Kannan, Miriam Namih, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Alek Kumar, Szabolcs Rugonfalvi, Christopher Nutt, Orla Oneill, Colette Seasman, Ged Dempsey, Christopher J Scott, Helen E Ellis, Stuart Mckechnie, Paula J Hutton, Nora N Di Tomasso, Michela N Vitale, Ruth O Griffin, Michael N Dean, Julius H Cranshaw, Emma L Willett, Nicholas Ioannou, Sarah Gillis, Peter Csabi, Rosaleen Macfadyen, Heidi Dawson, Pieter D Preez, Alexandra J Williams, Owen Boyd, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Jon Bramall, Sophie Symmonds, Simon K Chau, Tim Wenham, Tamas Szakmany, Piroska Toth-Tarsoly, Katie H McCalman, Peter Alexander, Lorraine Stephenson, Thomas Collyer, Rhiannon Chapman, Raphael Cooper, Russell M Allan, Malcolm Sim, David W Wrathall, Donald A Irvine, Kim S Zantua, John C 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Tulaimat, William Stigler, Hitesh Batra, Nidhi G Huff, Keith D Lamb, Trevor W Oetting, Nicholas M Mohr, Claine Judy, Shigeki Saito, Fayez M Kheir, Fayez Kheir, Adam B Schlichting, Angela Delsing, Daniel R Crouch, Mary Elmasri, Daniel R Crouch, Dina Ismail, Kyle R Dreyer, Thomas C Blakeman, Dina Gomaa, Rebecca M Baro, Carolina Quintana Grijalba, Peter C Hou, Raghu Seethala, Imo Aisiku, Galen Henderson, Gyorgy Frendl, Sen-Kuang Hou, Robert L Owens, Ashley Schomer, UCL - SSS/IREC/MEDA - Pôle de médecine aiguë, UCL - (MGD) Services des soins intensifs, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, ARDS, Unidades de cuidados intensivos, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, mechanical ventilation, NO, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Tratamiento médico, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Insuficiencia respiratoria, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Lung, Mechanical ventilation, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, business.industry, Respiration, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Respiration, Artificial, 3. Good health, Intensive Care Units, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Respiratory failure, Heart failure, Anesthesia, Artificial, ards, business, Respiratory Insufficiency, Enfermedad
Abstract

BackgroundCurrent incidence and outcome of patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) are unknown, especially for patients not meeting criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).MethodsAn international, multicentre, prospective cohort study of patients presenting with hypoxaemia early in the course of mechanical ventilation, conducted during four consecutive weeks in the winter of 2014 in 459 ICUs from 50 countries (LUNG SAFE). Patients were enrolled with arterial oxygen tension/inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio ≤300 mmHg, new pulmonary infiltrates and need for mechanical ventilation with a positive end-expiratory pressure of ≥5 cmH2O. ICU prevalence, causes of hypoxaemia, hospital survival and factors associated with hospital mortality were measured. Patients with unilateral versus bilateral opacities were compared.Findings12 906 critically ill patients received mechanical ventilation and 34.9% with hypoxaemia and new infiltrates were enrolled, separated into ARDS (69.0%), unilateral infiltrate (22.7%) and congestive heart failure (CHF; 8.2%). The global hospital mortality was 38.6%. CHF patients had a mortality comparable to ARDS (44.1% versus 40.4%). Patients with unilateral-infiltrate had lower unadjusted mortality, but similar adjusted mortality compared to those with ARDS. The number of quadrants on chest imaging was associated with an increased risk of death. There was no difference in mortality comparing patients with unilateral-infiltrate and ARDS with only two quadrants involved.InterpretationMore than one-third of patients receiving mechanical ventilation have hypoxaemia and new infiltrates with a hospital mortality of 38.6%. Survival is dependent on the degree of pulmonary involvement whether or not ARDS criteria are reached.

Published
2021
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7. Mechanical ventilation in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a sub-analysis of the LUNG SAFE study

Author

L., Amado-Rodriguez, R., Rodriguez-Garcia, G., Bellani, T., Pham, E., Fan, F., Madotto, J. G., Laffey, G. M., Albaiceta, Pesenti, Antonio, Brochard, Laurent, Esteban, Andre, Gattinoni, Luciano, van Haren, Frank, Larsson, Ander, Mcauley, Danielf, Ranieri, Marco, Rubenfeld, Gordon, Taylor Thompson, B, Wrigge, Hermann, S Slutsky, Arthur, Rios, Fernando, Van Haren, Frank, Sottiaux, Thierry, Depuydt, Pieter, S Lora, Fredy, Cesar Azevedo, Luciano, Bugedo, Guillermo, Qiu, Haibo, Gonzalez, Marco, Silesky, Juan, Cerny, Vladimir, Nielsen, Jona, Jibaja, Manuel, Matamis, Dimitrio, Luis Ranero, Jorge, Amin, Pravin, M Hashemian, S, Clarkson, Kevin, Kurahashi, Kiyoyasu, Villagomez, Asisclo, Ali Zeggwagh, Amine, M Heunks, Leo, Henrik Laake, Jon, Emmanuel Palo, Jose, do Vale Fernandes, Antero, Sandesc, Dorel, Arabi, Yaasen, Bumbasierevic, Vesna, Nin, Nicola, A Lorente, Jose, Piquilloud, Lise, Abroug, Fekri, Mcnamee, Lia, Hurtado, Javier, Bajwa, Ed, Démpaire, Gabriel, Sula, Hektor, Nunci, Lordian, Cani, Alma, Zazu, Alan, Dellera, Christian, S Insaurralde, Carolina, Las Lomas, Sanatorio, Isidro, San, V 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Carreño, Nicolá, Lora, Pilar, Liu, Haitao, Liu, Ling, Tang, Rui, Luo, Xiaoming, An, Youzhong, Zhao, Huiying, Gao, Yan, Zhai, Zhe, L Ye, Zheng, Wang, Wei, Li, Wenwen, Li, Qingdong, Zheng, Ruiqiang, Yu, Wenkui, Shen, Juanhong, Li, Xinyu, Yu, Tao, Lu, Weihua, Q Wu, Ya, B Huang, Xiao, He, Zhenyang, Lu, Yuanhua, Han, Hui, Zhang, Fan, Sun, Renhua, X Wang, Hua, H Qin, Shu, H Zhu, Bao, Zhao, Jun, Liu, Jian, Li, Bin, L Liu, Jing, C Zhou, Fa, J Li, Qiong, Y Zhang, Xing, Li-Xin, Zhou, Xin-Hua, Qiang, Jiang, Liangyan, N Gao, Yuan, Y Zhao, Xian, Y Li, Yuan, L Li, Xiao, Wang, Chunting, Yao, Qingchun, Yu, Rongguo, Chen, Kai, Shao, Huanzhang, Qin, Bingyu, Q Huang, Qing, H Zhu, Wei, Y Hang, Ai, X Hua, Ma, Li, Yimin, Xu, Yonghao, D Di, Yu, L Ling, Long, H Qin, Tie, Wang, Shouh, Qin, Junping, Han, Yi, Zhou, Suming, P Vargas, Monica, I Silesky Jimenez, Juan, A González Rojas, Manuel, E SolisQuesada, Jaime, Ramirez-Alfaro, Christianm, Máca, Jan, Sklienka, Peter, Gjedsted, Jakob, Christiansen, Aage, 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G., Laffey, G. 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Caroline, A Bulpa, Pierre, M Dive, Alain, Verstraete, Rik, Lebbinck, Herve, Vermassen, Jori, Meersseman, Philippe, Ceunen, Helga, Rosa, Jonasi, O Beraldo, Daniel, Piras, Claudio, M Rampinelli, Adenilton, P Nassar Jr, Antonio, Mataloun, Sergio, Moock, Marcelo, Thompson, Marlusm, H Gonçalves, Claudio, P Antônio, Ana Carolina, Ascoli, Aline, S Biondi, Rodrigo, C Fontenele, Danielle, Nobrega, Danielle, M Sales, Vanessa, Yazid BinHJAbul Wahab, Ahmad, Ismail, Maizatul, Shindhe, Suresh, Laffey, John, Beloncle, Francoi, G Davies, Kyle, Cirone, Rob, Manoharan, Venika, Ismail, Mehvish, C Goligher, Ewan, Jassal, Mandeep, Nishikawa, Erin, Javeed, Areej, Curley, Gerard, Rittayamai, Nuttapol, Parotto, Matteo, D Ferguson, Niall, Mehta, Sangeeta, Knoll, Jenny, Pronovost, Antoine, Canestrini, Sergio, R Bruhn, Alejandro, H Garcia, Patricio, A Aliaga, Felipe, A Farías, Pamela, S Yumha, Jacob, A Ortiz, Claudia, E Salas, Javier, A Saez, Alejandro, D Vega, Lui, F Labarca, Eduardo, T Martinez, Felipe, G Carreño, Nicolá, Lora, Pilar, Liu, Haitao, Liu, Ling, Tang, Rui, Luo, Xiaoming, An, Youzhong, Zhao, Huiying, Gao, Yan, Zhai, Zhe, L Ye, Zheng, Wang, Wei, Li, Wenwen, Li, Qingdong, Zheng, Ruiqiang, Yu, Wenkui, Shen, Juanhong, Li, Xinyu, Yu, Tao, Lu, Weihua, Q Wu, Ya, B Huang, Xiao, He, Zhenyang, Lu, Yuanhua, Han, Hui, Zhang, Fan, Sun, Renhua, X Wang, Hua, H Qin, Shu, H Zhu, Bao, Zhao, Jun, Liu, Jian, Li, Bin, L Liu, Jing, C Zhou, Fa, J Li, Qiong, Y Zhang, Xing, Li-Xin, Zhou, Xin-Hua, Qiang, Jiang, Liangyan, N Gao, Yuan, Y Zhao, Xian, Y Li, Yuan, L Li, Xiao, Wang, Chunting, Yao, Qingchun, Yu, Rongguo, Chen, Kai, Shao, Huanzhang, Qin, Bingyu, Q Huang, Qing, H Zhu, Wei, Y Hang, Ai, X Hua, Ma, Li, Yimin, Xu, Yonghao, D Di, Yu, L Ling, Long, H Qin, Tie, Wang, Shouh, Qin, Junping, Han, Yi, Zhou, Suming, P Vargas, Monica, I Silesky Jimenez, Juan, A González Rojas, Manuel, E SolisQuesada, Jaime, Ramirez-Alfaro, Christianm, Máca, Jan, Sklienka, Peter, Gjedsted, Jakob, Christiansen, Aage, 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Estilita, Joana, M Barros, Filipa, Serra, Isabelm, M Martinho, Aurelia, R Tomescu, Dana, Marcu, Alexandra, H Bedreag, Ovidiu, Papurica, Mariu, E Corneci, Dan, Ioan Negoita, Silviu, Grigoriev, Evgeny, I Gritsan, Alexey, A Gazenkampf, Andrey, Almekhlafi, Ghaleb, M Albarrak, Mohamad, M Mustafa, Ghanem, A Maghrabi, Khalid, Salahuddin, Nawal, M Aisa, Tharwat, Aljabbary, Ahmed, Tabhan, Edgardo, Arabi, Yaseenm, M Arabi, Yaseen, A Trinidad, Olivia, M Al Dorzi, Hasan, E Tabhan, Edgardo, Bumbasirevic, Vesna, Jovanovic, Bojan, Bolon, Stefan, Smith, Oliver, Mancebo, Jordi, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, Lopez-Delgado, Juanc, Esteve, Francisco, Rialp, Gemma, Forteza, Catalina, De Haro, Candelaria, Artigas, Antonio, Albaiceta, Guillermom, De Cima-Iglesias, Sara, Seoane-Quiroga, Leticia, Ceniceros-Barros, Alexandra, Ruizaguilar, Antoniol, Claraco-Vega, Luism, Alfonso Soler, Juan, Del CarmenLorente, Maria, Hermosa, Cecilia, Gordo, Federico, Prietogonzález, Miryam, López-Messa, Juanb, Perez, Manuelp, Perez, Cesarp, Montoiro Allue, Raquel, Rochecampo, Ferran, Ibañez-Santacruz, Marco, Temprano, Susana, C Pintado, Maria, De Pablo, Raul, Ricart Aroa Gómez, Pilar, Rodriguez Ruiz, Silvia, Iglesias Moles, Silvia, Teresa Jurado, M, Arizmendi, Alfon, A Piacentini, Enrique, Franco, Nieve, Honrubia, Teresa, Perez Cheng, Meisy, Perez Losada, Elena, Blanco, Javier, J Yuste, Lui, Carbayo-Gorriz, Cecilia, G Cazorla-Barranquero, Francisca, G Alonso, Javier, S Alda, Rosa, Algaba, Ángela, Navarro, Gonzalo, Cereijo, Enrique, Diaz-Rodriguez, Esther, Pastor Marcos, Diego, Alvarez Montero, Laura, Herrera Para, Lui, Jimenez Sanchez, Roberto, Angel Blasco Navalpotro, Miguel, Diaz Abad, Ricardo, Montiel González, Raquel, Parrilla Toribio, Dácil, G Castro, Alejandro, D Artiga, Maria Jose, Penuelas, Oscar, P Roser, Toma, F Olga, Moreno, Gallego Curto, Elena, Manzano Sánchez, Rocío, P Imma, Vallverdu, M Elisabet, Garcia, Claverias, Laura, Magret, Monica, M Pellicer, Ana, L Rodriguez, Lucia, Sánchez-Ballesteros, 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Lorraine, Collyer, Thoma, Chapman, Rhiannon, Cooper, Raphael, M Allan, Russell, Sim, Malcolm, W Wrathall, David, Irvine, Donalda, S Zantua, Charing Kim, C Adams, John, J Burtenshaw, Andrew, P Sellors, Gareth, D Welters, Ingeborg, E Williams, Karen, J Hessell, Robert, G Oldroyd, Matthew, E Battle, Ceri, Pillai, Suresh, Kajtor, Istvan, Sivashanmugavel, Mageswaran, C Okane, Sinead, Donnelly, Adrian, D Frigyik, Aniko, P Careless, Jon, M May, Martin, Stewart, Richard, John Trinder, T, Hagan, Samanthaj, Cole, Jadem, C MacFie, Caroline, Dowling, Annat, Nin, Nicolá, Nuñez, Edgardo, Pittini, Gustavo, Rodriguez, Ruben, C Imperio, María, Santos, Cristina, G França, Ana, Ebeid, Alejandro, Deicas, Alberto, Serra, Carolina, Uppalapati, Aditya, Kamel, Ghassan, M BannerGoodspeed, Valerie, R Beitler, Jeremy, Reddy Mukkera, Satyanarayana, Kulkarni, Shreedhar, O Shinn Iii, John, Gomaa, Dina, Tainter, Christopher, Lee, Jarone, Mesar, Tomaz, Yeatts, Dalej, Warren, Jessica, Lanspa, Michaelj, R Miller, Russel, Grissom, Colink, Brown, Samuelm, R Bauer, Philippe, J Gosselin, Ryan, T Kitch, Barrett, E Cohen, Jason, H Beegle, Scott, Choudry, Shazia, M Gueret, Renaud, Tulaimat, Aiman, Stigler, William, Batra, Hitesh, G Huff, Nidhi, D Lamb, Keith, W Oetting, Trevor, M Mohr, Nichola, Judy, Claine, Saito, Shigeki, M Kheir, Fayez, Kheir, Fayez, B Schlichting, Adam, Delsing, Angela, R Crouch, Daniel, Elmasri, Mary, Ismail, Dina, R Dreyer, Kyle, C Blakeman, Thoma, M Baro, Rebecca, C Hou, Peter, Seethala, Raghu, Aisiku, Imo, Henderson, Galen, Frendl, Gyorgy, Hou, Sen-Kuang, Owens, Robertl, Schomer, Ashley, Rossi, Anna, and Luca Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134)

Abstract

Background: Patients with acute respiratory failure caused by cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) may require mechanical ventilation that can cause further lung damage. Our aim was to determine the impact of ventilatory settings on CPE mortality. Methods: Patients from the LUNG SAFE cohort, a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, were studied. Relationships between ventilatory parameters and outcomes (ICU discharge/hospital mortality) were assessed using latent mixture analysis and a marginal structural model. Results: From 4499 patients, 391 meeting CPE criteria (median age 70 [interquartile range 59–78], 40% female) were included. ICU and hospital mortality were 34% and 40%, respectively. ICU survivors were younger (67 [57–77] vs 74 [64–80] years, p < 0.001) and had lower driving (12 [8–16] vs 15 [11–17] cmH2O, p < 0.001), plateau (20 [15–23] vs 22 [19–26] cmH2O, p < 0.001) and peak (21 [17–27] vs 26 [20–32] cmH2O, p < 0.001) pressures. Latent mixture analysis of patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation on ICU day 1 revealed a subgroup ventilated with high pressures with lower probability of being discharged alive from the ICU (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79 [95% confidence interval 0.60–1.05], p = 0.103) and increased hospital mortality (HR 1.65 [1.16–2.36], p = 0.005). In a marginal structural model, driving pressures in the first week (HR 1.12 [1.06–1.18], p < 0.001) and tidal volume after day 7 (HR 0.69 [0.52–0.93], p = 0.015) were related to survival. Conclusions: Higher airway pressures in invasively ventilated patients with CPE are related to mortality. These patients may be exposed to an increased risk of ventilator-induced lung injury. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02010073.

Published
2022

10. Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome: Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Author

Madotto F, Rezoagli E, Pham T, Schmidt M, McNicholas B, Protti A, Panwar R, Bellani G, Fan E, van Haren F, Brochard L, Laffey JG, Antonio Pesenti, John G Laffey, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, Daniel F McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, Fernando Rios, T Sottiaux, P Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Eddy Fan, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Tài Pham, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Giacomo Bellani, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Uhc Mother Theresa, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Villa Maria, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J Rodgers, Rebecca T Millar, Toni E Mckenna, Irene M Bailey, Gabrielle C Hanlon, Anders Aneman, Joan M Lynch, Raman Azad, John Neal, Paul W Woods, Brigit L Roberts, Mark R Kol, Helen S Wong, Katharina C Riss, Thomas 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Salem Ould Zein, Jack R Richecoeur, Daniele M Combaux, Fabien Grelon, Charlene Le Moal, Elise P Sauvadet, Adrien Robine, Virginie Lemiale, Danielle Reuter, Martin Dres, Alexandre Demoule, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Loredana Baboi, Claude Guérin, Ralph Lohner, Jens Kraßler, Susanne Schäfer, Kai D Zacharowski, Patrick Meybohm, Andreas W Reske, Philipp Simon, Hans-Bernd F Hopf, Michael Schuetz, Thomas Baltus, Metaxia N Papanikolaou, Theonymfi G Papavasilopoulou, Giannis A Zacharas, Vasilis Ourailogloy, Eleni K Mouloudi, Eleni V Massa, Eva O Nagy, Electra E Stamou, Ellada V Kiourtzieva, Marina A Oikonomou, Luis E Avila, Cesar A Cortez, Johanna E Citalán, Sameer A Jog, Safal D Sable, Bhagyesh Shah, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind K Baronia, Mohammedfaruk Memon, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Venkatapura J Ramesh, Anitha Shenoy, Ramesh Unnikrishnan, Subhal B Dixit, Rachana V Rhayakar, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Vallish K Bhardwaj, Heera L Mahto, Sudha V Sagar, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Deeban Ganesan, Seyed 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Fabio Tarantino, Giacomo Monti, Elena Frati, Lucia Mirabella, Gilda Cinnella, Tommaso Fossali, Riccardo Colombo, Pierpaolo Terragni Ilaria Pattarino, Francesco Mojoli, Antonio Braschi, Erika E Borotto, Andrea N Cracchiolo, Daniela M Palma, Francesco Raponi, Giuseppe Foti, Ettore R Vascotto, Andrea Coppadoro, Luca Brazzi, Leda Floris, Giorgio A Iotti, Aaron Venti, Osamu Yamaguchi, Shunsuke Takagi, Hiroki N Maeyama, Eizo Watanabe, Yoshihiro Yamaji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kyoko Shiozaki, Satoru Futami, Sekine Ryosuke, Koji Saito, Yoshinobu Kameyama, Keiko Ueno, Masayo Izawa, Nao Okuda, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomofumi Harasawa, Michitaka Nasu, Tadaaki Takada, Fumihito Ito, Shin-Nunomiya Kansuke-Koyama, Toshikazu Abe, Kohkichi Andoh, Kohei Kusumoto, Akira Hirata, Akihiro Takaba, Hiroyasu Kimura, Shuhei Matsumoto, Ushio Higashijima, Hiroyuki Honda, Nobumasa Aoki, Hiroshi Imai, Yasuaki Ogino, Ichiko Mizuguchi, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Tomoaki Hashida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Daisuke Niimi, Takeshi Ueda, Yozo Kashiwa, Akinori Uchiyama, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Peteris Oss, Youssef Haddad, Kong Y Liew, Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva, Yves D Jarquin-Badiola, Luis A Sanchez-Hurtado, Saira S Gomez-Flores, Maria C Marin, Asisclo J Villagomez, Jordana S Lemus, Jonathan M Fierro, Mavy Ramirez Cervantes, Francisco Javier Flores Mejia, Dulce Dector, Dulce M Dector, Daniel R Gonzalez, Claudia R Estrella, Jorge R Sanchez-Medina, Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez, Fernando G George, Janet S Aguirre, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Tarek Dendane, Hicham Balkhi, Mina Elkhayari, Nacer Samkaoui, Hanane Ezzouine, Abdellatif Benslama Mourad Amor, Wajdi Maazouzi, Nedim Cimic, Oliver Beck, Monique M Bruns, Jeroen A Schouten, Myra-Rinia, Monique Raaijmakers, Hellen M Van Wezel, Serge J Heines, Ulrich Strauch, Marc P Buise, Fabienne D Simonis, Marcus J Schultz, Jennifer C Goodson, Troy S Browne, Leanlove Navarra, Anna Hunt, Robyn A Hutchison, Mathew B Bailey, Lynette Newby, 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C., Cazorla-Barranquero, F. G., Alonso, J. G., Alda, R. S., Algaba, A., Navarro, G., Cereijo, E., Diaz-Rodriguez, E., Marcos, D. P., Montero, L. A., Para, L. H., Sanchez, R. J., Navalpotro, M. A. B., Abad, R. D., Gonz A Lez, R. M., Toribio, D. A. C. P., Castro, A. G., Artiga, M. J. D., Penuelas, O., Roser, T. P., Olga, M. F., Curto, E. G., Sanchez, R. M., Imma, V. P., Elisabet, G. M., Claverias, L., Magret, M., Pellicer, A. M., Rodriguez, L. L., Sanchez-Ballesteros, J., Gonzalez-Salamanca, A., Jimenez, A. G., Huerta, F. P., Sotillo Diaz, J. C. J., Lopez, E. B., Llinares Moya, D. D., Tallet Alfonso, A. A., Luis, P. S. E., Cesar, P. S., Rafael, S. I., Virgilio, C. G., Recio, N. N., Adamsson, R. O., Rylander, C. C., Holzgraefe, B., Broman, L. M., Wessbergh, J., Persson, L., Schioler, F., Kedelv, H., Tibblin, A. O., Appelberg, H., Hedlund, L., Helleberg, J., Eriksson, K. E., Glietsch, R., Larsson, N., Nygren, I., Nunes, S. L., Morin, A. -K., Kander, T., Adolfsson, A., Zender, H. O., Leemann-Refondini, C., Elatrous, S., Bouchoucha, S., Chouchene, I., Ouanes, I., Souissi, A. B., Kamoun, S., Demirkiran, O., Aker, M., Erbabacan, E., Ceylan, I., Girgin, N. K., Ozcelik, M., Unal, N., Meco, B. C., Akyol, O. O., Derman, S. S., Kennedy, B., Parhar, K., Srinivasa, L., Hopkins, P., Mellis, C., Kakar, V., Hadfield, D., Vercueil, A., Bhowmick, K., Humphreys, S. K., Ferguson, A., Mckee, R., Raj, A. S., Fawkes, D. A., Watt, P., Twohey, L., Jhamatthew Thomas, R. R., Morton, A., Kadaba, V., Smith, M. J., Hormis, A. P., Kannan, S. G., Namih, M., Reschreiter, H., Camsooksai, J., Kumar, A., Rugonfalvi, S., Nutt, C., O'Neill, O., Seasman, C., Dempsey, G., Scott, C. J., Ellis, H. E., Mckechnie, S., Hutton, P. J., Di Tomasso, N. N., Vitale, M. N., Griffin, R. O., Dean, M. N., Cranshaw, J. H., Willett, E. L., Ioannou, N., Gillis, S., Csabi, P., Macfadyen, R., Dawson, H., Preez, P. D., Williams, A. J., Boyd, O., De Gordoa, L. O. -R., Bramall, J., Symmonds, S., Chau, S. K., Wenham, T., Szakmany, T., Toth-Tarsoly, P., Mccalman, K. H., Alexander, P., Stephenson, L., Collyer, T., Chapman, R., Cooper, R., Allan, R. M., Sim, M., Wrathall, D. W., Irvine, D. A., Zantua, K. S., Adams, J. C., Burtenshaw, A. J., Sellors, G. P., Welters, I. D., Williams, K. E., Hessell, R. J., Oldroyd, M. G., Battle, C. E., Pillai, S., Kajtor, I., Sivashanmugavel, M., O'Kane, S. C., Donnelly, A., Frigyik, A. D., Careless, J. P., May, M. M., Stewart, R., Trinder, T. J., Hagan, S. J., Wise, M. P., Cole, J. M., Macfie, C. C., Dowling, A. T., Nunez, E., Pittini, G., Rodriguez, R., Imperio, M. C., Santos, C., Franca, A. G., Ebeid, A., Deicas, A., Serra, C., Uppalapati, A., Kamel, G., Banner-Goodspeed, V. M., Beitler, J. R., Mukkera, S. R., Kulkarni, S., Lee, J., Mesar, T., Shinn, J. O., Gomaa, D., Tainter, C., Yeatts, D. J., Warren, J., Lanspa, M. J., Miller, R. R., Grissom, C. K., Brown, S. M., Bauer, P. R., Gosselin, R. J., Kitch, B. T., Cohen, J. E., Beegle, S. H., Gueret, R. M., Tulaimat, A., Choudry, S., Stigler, W., Batra, H., Huff, N. G., Lamb, K. D., Oetting, T. W., Mohr, N. M., Judy, C., Saito, S., Kheir, F. M., Kheir, F., Schlichting, A. B., Delsing, A., Crouch, D. R., Elmasri, M., Ismail, D., Dreyer, K. R., Blakeman, T. C., Baron, R. M., Grijalba, C. Q., Hou, P. C., Seethala, R., Aisiku, I., Henderson, G., Frendl, G., Hou, S. -K., Owens, R. L., Schomer, A., Bumbasirevic, V., Jovanovic, B., Surbatovic, M., Veljovic, M., UCL - SSS/IREC/MEDA - Pôle de médecine aiguë, UCL - (MGD) Services des soins intensifs, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, Graduate School, Intensive Care Medicine, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ACS - Microcirculation, Madotto, F, Rezoagli, E, Pham, T, Schmidt, M, Mcnicholas, B, Protti, A, Panwar, R, Bellani, G, Fan, E, Van Haren, F, Brochard, L, Laffey, J, Pesenti, A, Esteban, A, Gattinoni, L, Larsson, A, Mcauley, D, Ranieri, M, Rubenfeld, G, Thompson, B, Wrigge, H, Slutsky, A, Rios, F, Sottiaux, T, Depuydt, P, Lora, F, Azevedo, L, Bugedo, G, Qiu, H, Gonzalez, M, Silesky, J, Cerny, V, Nielsen, J, Jibaja, M, Matamis, D, Ranero, J, Amin, P, Hashemian, S, Clarkson, K, Kurahashi, K, Villagomez, A, Zeggwagh, A, Heunks, L, Laake, J, Palo, J, Do Vale Fernandes, A, Sandesc, D, Arabi, Y, Bumbasierevic, V, Nin, N, Lorente, J, Piquilloud, L, Abroug, F, Mcnamee, L, Hurtado, J, Bajwa, E, Dempaire, G, Theresa, U, Sula, H, Nunci, L, Cani, A, Maria, V, Zazu, A, Dellera, C, Insaurralde, C, Alejandro, R, Daldin, J, Vinzio, M, Fernandez, R, Cardonnet, L, Bettini, L, Bisso, M, Osman, E, Setten, M, Lovazzano, P, Alvarez, J, Villar, V, Pozo, N, Grubissich, N, Plotnikow, G, Vasquez, D, Ilutovich, S, Tiribelli, N, Chena, A, Pellegrini, C, Saenz, M, Estenssoro, E, Brizuela, M, Gianinetto, H, Gomez, P, Cerrato, V, Bezzi, M, Borello, S, Loiacono, F, Fernandez, A, Knowles, S, Reynolds, C, Inskip, D, Miller, J, Kong, J, Whitehead, C, Bihari, S, Seven, A, Krstevski, A, Rodgers, H, Millar, R, Mckenna, T, Bailey, I, Hanlon, G, Aneman, A, Lynch, J, Azad, R, Neal, J, Woods, P, Roberts, B, Kol, M, Wong, H, Riss, K, Staudinger, T, Wittebole, X, Berghe, C, Bulpa, P, Dive, A, Verstraete, R, Lebbinck, H, Vermassen, J, Meersseman, P, Ceunen, H, Rosa, J, Beraldo, D, Piras, C, Rampinelli, A, Nassar, A, Mataloun, S, Moock, M, Thompson, M, 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Schafer, S, Zacharowski, K, Meybohm, P, Reske, A, Simon, P, Hopf, H, Schuetz, M, Baltus, T, Papanikolaou, M, Papavasilopoulou, T, Zacharas, G, Ourailogloy, V, Mouloudi, E, Massa, E, Nagy, E, Stamou, E, Kiourtzieva, E, Oikonomou, M, Avila, L, Cortez, C, Citalan, J, Jog, S, Sable, S, Shah, B, Gurjar, M, Baronia, A, Memon, M, Muthuchellappan, R, Ramesh, V, Shenoy, A, Unnikrishnan, R, Dixit, S, Rhayakar, R, Ramakrishnan, N, Bhardwaj, V, Mahto, H, Sagar, S, Palaniswamy, V, Ganesan, D, Jamaati, H, Heidari, F, Meaney, E, Nichol, A, Knapman, K, O'Croinin, D, Dunne, E, Breen, D, Jaafar, R, Dwyer, R, Amir, F, Ajetunmobi, O, O'Muircheartaigh, A, Black, C, Treanor, N, Collins, D, Altaf, W, Zani, G, Fusari, M, Spadaro, S, Volta, C, Graziani, R, Brunettini, B, Palmese, S, Formenti, P, Umbrello, M, Lombardo, A, Pecci, E, Botteri, M, Savioli, M, Mattei, A, Schiavoni, L, Tinnirello, A, Todeschini, M, Giarratano, A, Cortegiani, A, Sher, S, Rossi, A, Antonelli, M, Montini, L, Casalena, P, Scafetti, S, 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D, Marcu, A, Bedreag, O, Papurica, M, Corneci, D, Negoita, S, Grigoriev, E, Gritsan, A, Gazenkampf, A, Almekhlafi, G, Albarrak, M, Mustafa, G, Maghrabi, K, Salahuddin, N, Aisa, T, Al Jabbary, A, Tabhan, E, Trinidad, O, Al Dorzi, H, Bolon, S, Smith, O, Mancebo, J, Aguirre-Bermeo, H, Lopez-Delgado, J, Esteve, F, Rialp, G, Forteza, C, De Haro, C, Artigas, A, Albaiceta, G, De Cima-Iglesias, S, Seoane-Quiroga, L, Ceniceros-Barros, A, Ruiz-Aguilar, A, Claraco-Vega, L, Soler, J, Del Carmen Lorente, M, Hermosa, C, Gordo, F, Lopez-Messa, J, Perez, M, Perez, C, Allue, R, Roche-Campo, F, Ibanez-Santacruz, M, Pintado, M, De Pablo, R, Ruiz, S, Moles, S, Jurado, M, Arizmendi, A, Piacentini, E, Franco, N, Honrubia, T, Cheng, M, Losada, E, Yuste, L, Carbayo-Gorriz, C, Cazorla-Barranquero, F, Alonso, J, Alda, R, Algaba, A, Navarro, G, Cereijo, E, Diaz-Rodriguez, E, Marcos, D, Montero, L, Para, L, Sanchez, R, Navalpotro, M, Abad, R, Gonz A Lez, R, Toribio, D, Castro, A, Artiga, M, Penuelas, O, Roser, T, Olga, M, Curto, E, Imma, V, Elisabet, G, Claverias, L, Magret, M, Pellicer, A, Rodriguez, L, Sanchez-Ballesteros, J, Gonzalez-Salamanca, A, Jimenez, A, Huerta, F, Sotillo Diaz, J, Lopez, E, Llinares Moya, D, Tallet Alfonso, A, Luis, P, Cesar, P, Rafael, S, Virgilio, C, Recio, N, Adamsson, R, Rylander, C, Holzgraefe, B, Broman, L, Wessbergh, J, Persson, L, Schioler, F, Kedelv, H, Tibblin, A, Appelberg, H, Hedlund, L, Helleberg, J, Eriksson, K, Glietsch, R, Larsson, N, Nygren, I, Nunes, S, Morin, A, Kander, T, Adolfsson, A, Zender, H, Leemann-Refondini, C, Elatrous, S, Bouchoucha, S, Chouchene, I, Ouanes, I, Souissi, A, Kamoun, S, Demirkiran, O, Aker, M, Erbabacan, E, Ceylan, I, Girgin, N, Ozcelik, M, Unal, N, Meco, B, Akyol, O, Derman, S, Kennedy, B, Parhar, K, Srinivasa, L, Hopkins, P, Mellis, C, Kakar, V, Hadfield, D, Vercueil, A, Bhowmick, K, Humphreys, S, Ferguson, A, Mckee, R, Raj, A, Fawkes, D, Watt, P, Twohey, L, Jhamatthew Thomas, R, Morton, A, Kadaba, V, Smith, M, Hormis, A, Kannan, S, Namih, M, Reschreiter, H, Camsooksai, J, Kumar, A, Rugonfalvi, S, Nutt, C, O'Neill, O, Seasman, C, Dempsey, G, Scott, C, Ellis, H, Mckechnie, S, Hutton, P, Di Tomasso, N, Vitale, M, Griffin, R, Dean, M, Cranshaw, J, Willett, E, Ioannou, N, Gillis, S, Csabi, P, Macfadyen, R, Dawson, H, Preez, P, Williams, A, Boyd, O, De Gordoa, L, Bramall, J, Symmonds, S, Chau, S, Wenham, T, Szakmany, T, Toth-Tarsoly, P, Mccalman, K, Alexander, P, Stephenson, L, Collyer, T, Chapman, R, Cooper, R, Allan, R, Sim, M, Wrathall, D, Irvine, D, Zantua, K, Adams, J, Burtenshaw, A, Sellors, G, Welters, I, Williams, K, Hessell, R, Oldroyd, M, Battle, C, Pillai, S, Kajtor, I, Sivashanmugavel, M, O'Kane, S, Donnelly, A, Frigyik, A, Careless, J, May, M, Stewart, R, Trinder, T, Hagan, S, Wise, M, Cole, J, Macfie, C, Dowling, A, Nunez, E, Pittini, G, Rodriguez, R, Imperio, M, Santos, C, Franca, A, Ebeid, A, Deicas, A, Serra, C, Uppalapati, A, Kamel, G, Banner-Goodspeed, V, Beitler, J, Mukkera, S, Kulkarni, S, Lee, J, Mesar, T, Shinn, J, Gomaa, D, Tainter, C, Yeatts, D, Warren, J, Lanspa, M, Miller, R, Grissom, C, Brown, S, Bauer, P, Gosselin, R, Kitch, B, Cohen, J, Beegle, S, Gueret, R, Tulaimat, A, Choudry, S, Stigler, W, Batra, H, Huff, N, Lamb, K, Oetting, T, Mohr, N, Judy, C, Saito, S, Kheir, F, Schlichting, A, Delsing, A, Crouch, D, Elmasri, M, Ismail, D, Dreyer, K, Blakeman, T, Baron, R, Grijalba, C, Hou, P, Seethala, R, Aisiku, I, Henderson, G, Frendl, G, Hou, S, Owens, R, Schomer, A, Bumbasirevic, V, Jovanovic, B, Surbatovic, M, Veljovic, M, Madotto F, Rezoagli E, Pham T, Schmidt M, McNicholas B, Protti A, Panwar R, Bellani G, Fan E, van Haren F, Brochard L, Laffey JG, Antonio Pesenti, John G Laffey, Laurent Brochard, Andres Esteban, Luciano Gattinoni, Frank van Haren, Anders Larsson, Daniel F McAuley, Marco Ranieri, Gordon Rubenfeld, B Taylor Thompson, Hermann Wrigge, Arthur S Slutsky, Fernando Rios, T Sottiaux, P Depuydt, Fredy S Lora, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Eddy Fan, Guillermo Bugedo, Haibo Qiu, Marcos Gonzalez, Juan Silesky, Vladimir Cerny, Jonas Nielsen, Manuel Jibaja, Tài Pham, Dimitrios Matamis, Jorge Luis Ranero, Pravin Amin, S M Hashemian, Kevin Clarkson, Giacomo Bellani, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Leo M Heunks, Jon Henrik Laake, Jose Emmanuel Palo, Antero do Vale Fernandes, Dorel Sandesc, Yaasen Arabi, Vesna Bumbasierevic, Nicolas Nin, Jose A Lorente, Lise Piquilloud, Fekri Abroug, Daniel F McAuley, Lia McNamee, Javier Hurtado, Ed Bajwa, Gabriel Démpaire, Uhc Mother Theresa, Hektor Sula, Lordian Nunci, Alma Cani, Villa Maria, Alan Zazu, Christian Dellera, Carolina S Insaurralde, Risso V Alejandro, Julio Daldin, Mauricio Vinzio, Ruben O Fernandez, Luis P Cardonnet, Lisandro R Bettini, Mariano Carboni Bisso, Emilio M Osman, Mariano G Setten, Pablo Lovazzano, Javier Alvarez, Veronica Villar, Norberto C Pozo, Nicolas Grubissich, Gustavo A Plotnikow, Daniela N Vasquez, Santiago Ilutovich, Norberto Tiribelli, Ariel Chena, Carlos A Pellegrini, María G Saenz, Elisa Estenssoro, Matias Brizuela, Hernan Gianinetto, Pablo E Gomez, Valeria I Cerrato, Marco G Bezzi, Silvina A Borello, Flavia A Loiacono, Adriana M Fernandez, Serena Knowles, Claire Reynolds, Deborah M Inskip, Jennene J Miller, Jing Kong, Christina Whitehead, Shailesh Bihari, Aylin Seven, Amanda Krstevski, Helen J Rodgers, Rebecca T Millar, Toni E Mckenna, Irene M Bailey, Gabrielle C Hanlon, Anders Aneman, Joan M Lynch, Raman Azad, John Neal, Paul W Woods, Brigit L Roberts, Mark R Kol, Helen S Wong, Katharina C Riss, Thomas Staudinger, Xavier Wittebole, Caroline Berghe, Pierre A Bulpa, Alain M Dive, Rik Verstraete, Herve Lebbinck, Pieter Depuydt, Joris Vermassen, Philippe Meersseman, Helga Ceunen, Jonas I Rosa, Daniel O Beraldo, Claudio Piras, Adenilton M Rampinelli, Antonio P Nassar Jr, Sergio Mataloun, Marcelo Moock, Marlus M Thompson, Claudio H Gonçalves, Ana Carolina P Antônio, Aline Ascoli, Rodrigo S Biondi, Danielle C Fontenele, Danielle Nobrega, Vanessa M Sales, Suresh Shindhe, Dk Maizatul Aiman B Pg Hj Ismail, John Laffey, Francois Beloncle, Kyle G Davies, Rob Cirone, Venika Manoharan, Mehvish Ismail, Ewan C Goligher, Mandeep Jassal, Erin Nishikawa, Areej Javeed, Gerard Curley, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Matteo Parotto, Niall D Ferguson, Sangeeta Mehta, Jenny Knoll, Antoine Pronovost, Sergio Canestrini, Alejandro R Bruhn, Patricio H Garcia, Felipe A Aliaga, Pamela A Farías, Jacob S Yumha, Claudia A Ortiz, Javier E Salas, Alejandro A Saez, Luis D Vega, Eduardo F Labarca, Felipe T Martinez, Nicolás G Carreño, Pilar Lora, Haitao Liu, Ling Liu, Rui Tang, Xiaoming Luo, Youzhong An, Huiying Zhao, Yan Gao, Zhe Zhai, Zheng L Ye, Wei Wang, Wenwen Li, Qingdong Li, Ruiqiang Zheng, Wenkui Yu, Juanhong Shen, Xinyu Li, Tao Yu, Weihua Lu, Ya Q Wu, Xiao B Huang, Zhenyang He, Yuanhua Lu, Hui Han, Fan Zhang, Renhua Sun, Hua X Wang, Shu H Qin, Bao H Zhu, Jun Zhao, Jian Liu, Bin Li, Jing L Liu, Fa C Zhou, Qiong J Li, Xing Y Zhang, Zhou Li-Xin, Qiang Xin-Hua, Liangyan Jiang, Yuan N Gao, Xian Y Zhao, Yuan Y Li, Xiao L Li, Chunting Wang, Qingchun Yao, Rongguo Yu, Kai Chen, Huanzhang Shao, Bingyu Qin, Qing Q Huang, Wei H Zhu, Ai Y Hang, Ma X Hua, Yimin Li, Yonghao Xu, Yu D Di, Long L Ling, Tie H Qin, Shou H Wang, Junping Qin, Yi Han, Suming Zhou, Monica P Vargas, Juan I Silesky Jimenez, Manuel A González Rojas, Jaime E Solis-Quesada, Christian M Ramirez-Alfaro, Jan Máca, Peter Sklienka, Jakob Gjedsted, Aage Christiansen, Boris G Villamagua, Miguel Llano, Philippe Burtin, Gautier Buzancais, Pascal Beuret, Nicolas Pelletier, Satar Mortaza, Alain Mercat, Jonathan Chelly, Sébastien Jochmans, Nicolas Terzi, Cédric Daubin, Guillaume Carteaux, Nicolas de Prost, Jean-Daniel Chiche, Fabrice Daviaud, Tai Pham, Muriel Fartoukh, Guillaume Barberet, Jerome Biehler, Jean Dellamonica, Denis Doyen, Jean-Michel Arnal, Anais Briquet, Sami Hraiech, Laurent Papazian, Arnaud Follin, Damien Roux, Jonathan Messika, Evangelos Kalaitzis, Laurence Dangers, Alain Combes, Siu-Ming Au, Gaetan Béduneau, Dorothée Carpentier, Elie H Zogheib, Herve Dupont, Sylvie Ricome, Francesco L Santoli, Sebastien L Besset, Philippe Michel, Bruno Gelée, Pierre-Eric Danin, Bernard Goubaux, Philippe J Crova, Nga T Phan, Frantz Berkelmans, Julio C Badie, Romain Tapponnier, Josette Gally, Samy Khebbeb, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Francis Schneider, Pierre-Louis M Declercq, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jacques Duranteau, Anatole Harrois, Russell Chabanne, Julien Marin, Charlene Bigot, Sandrine Thibault, Mohammed Ghazi, Messabi Boukhazna, Salem Ould Zein, Jack R Richecoeur, Daniele M Combaux, Fabien Grelon, Charlene Le Moal, Elise P Sauvadet, Adrien Robine, Virginie Lemiale, Danielle Reuter, Martin Dres, Alexandre Demoule, Dany Goldgran-Toledano, Loredana Baboi, Claude Guérin, Ralph Lohner, Jens Kraßler, Susanne Schäfer, Kai D Zacharowski, Patrick Meybohm, Andreas W Reske, Philipp Simon, Hans-Bernd F Hopf, Michael Schuetz, Thomas Baltus, Metaxia N Papanikolaou, Theonymfi G Papavasilopoulou, Giannis A Zacharas, Vasilis Ourailogloy, Eleni K Mouloudi, Eleni V Massa, Eva O Nagy, Electra E Stamou, Ellada V Kiourtzieva, Marina A Oikonomou, Luis E Avila, Cesar A Cortez, Johanna E Citalán, Sameer A Jog, Safal D Sable, Bhagyesh Shah, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind K Baronia, Mohammedfaruk Memon, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Venkatapura J Ramesh, Anitha Shenoy, Ramesh Unnikrishnan, Subhal B Dixit, Rachana V Rhayakar, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Vallish K Bhardwaj, Heera L Mahto, Sudha V Sagar, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Deeban Ganesan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Hamidreza Jamaati, Farshad Heidari, Edel A Meaney, Alistair Nichol, Karl M Knapman, Donall O'Croinin, Eimhin S Dunne, Dorothy M Breen, Kevin P Clarkson, Rola F Jaafar, Rory Dwyer, Fahd Amir, Olaitan O Ajetunmobi, Aogan C O'Muircheartaigh, Colin S Black, Nuala Treanor, Daniel V Collins, Wahid Altaf, Gianluca Zani, Maurizio Fusari, Savino Spadaro, Carlo A Volta, Romano Graziani, Barbara Brunettini, Salvatore Palmese, Paolo Formenti, Michele Umbrello, Andrea Lombardo, Elisabetta Pecci, Marco Botteri, Monica Savioli, Alessandro Protti, Alessia Mattei, Lorenzo Schiavoni, Andrea Tinnirello, Manuel Todeschini, Antonino Giarratano, Andrea Cortegiani, Sara Sher, Anna Rossi, Massimo M Antonelli, Luca M Montini, Paolo Casalena, Sergio Scafetti, Giovanna Panarello, Giovanna Occhipinti, Nicolò Patroniti, Matteo Pozzi, Roberto R Biscione, Michela M Poli, Ferdinando Raimondi, Daniela Albiero, Giulia Crapelli, Eduardo Beck, Vincenzo Pota, Vincenzo Schiavone, Alexandre Molin, Fabio Tarantino, Giacomo Monti, Elena Frati, Lucia Mirabella, Gilda Cinnella, Tommaso Fossali, Riccardo Colombo, Pierpaolo Terragni Ilaria Pattarino, Francesco Mojoli, Antonio Braschi, Erika E Borotto, Andrea N Cracchiolo, Daniela M Palma, Francesco Raponi, Giuseppe Foti, Ettore R Vascotto, Andrea Coppadoro, Luca Brazzi, Leda Floris, Giorgio A Iotti, Aaron Venti, Osamu Yamaguchi, Shunsuke Takagi, Hiroki N Maeyama, Eizo Watanabe, Yoshihiro Yamaji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kyoko Shiozaki, Satoru Futami, Sekine Ryosuke, Koji Saito, Yoshinobu Kameyama, Keiko Ueno, Masayo Izawa, Nao Okuda, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomofumi Harasawa, Michitaka Nasu, Tadaaki Takada, Fumihito Ito, Shin-Nunomiya, Kansuke-Koyama, Toshikazu Abe, Kohkichi Andoh, Kohei Kusumoto, Akira Hirata, Akihiro Takaba, Hiroyasu Kimura, Shuhei Matsumoto, Ushio Higashijima, Hiroyuki Honda, Nobumasa Aoki, Hiroshi Imai, Yasuaki Ogino, Ichiko Mizuguchi, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenichi Nitta, Katsunori Mochizuki, Tomoaki Hashida, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Daisuke Niimi, Takeshi Ueda, Yozo Kashiwa, Akinori Uchiyama, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Peteris Oss, Youssef Haddad, Kong Y Liew, Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva, Yves D Jarquin-Badiola, Luis A Sanchez-Hurtado, Saira S Gomez-Flores, Maria C Marin, Asisclo J Villagomez, Jordana S Lemus, Jonathan M Fierro, Mavy Ramirez Cervantes, Francisco Javier Flores Mejia, Dulce Dector, Dulce M Dector, Daniel R Gonzalez, Claudia R Estrella, Jorge R Sanchez-Medina, Alvaro Ramirez-Gutierrez, Fernando G George, Janet S Aguirre, Juan A Buensuseso, Manuel Poblano, Tarek Dendane, Hicham Balkhi, Mina Elkhayari, Nacer Samkaoui, Hanane Ezzouine, Abdellatif Benslama Mourad Amor, Wajdi Maazouzi, Nedim Cimic, Oliver Beck, Monique M Bruns, Jeroen A Schouten, Myra-Rinia, Monique Raaijmakers, Hellen M Van Wezel, Serge J Heines, Ulrich Strauch, Marc P Buise, Fabienne D Simonis, Marcus J Schultz, Jennifer C Goodson, Troy S Browne, Leanlove Navarra, Anna Hunt, Robyn A Hutchison, Mathew B Bailey, Lynette Newby, Colin Mcarthur, Michael Kalkoff, Alex Mcleod, Jonathan Casement, Danielle J Hacking, Finn H Andersen, Merete S Dolva, Jon H Laake, Andreas Barratt-Due, Kim Andre L Noremark, Eldar Søreide, Brit Å Sjøbø, Anne B Guttormsen, Hector H Leon Yoshido, Ronald Zumaran Aguilar, Fredy A Montes Oscanoa, Alain U Alisasis, Joanne B Robles, Rossini Abbie B Pasanting-Lim, Beatriz C Tan, Pawel Andruszkiewicz, Karina Jakubowska, Cristina M Coxo, António M Alvarez, Bruno S Oliveira, Gustavo M Montanha, Nelson C Barros, Carlos S Pereira, António M Messias, Jorge M Monteiro, Ana M Araujo, Nuno T Catorze, Susan M Marum, Maria J Bouw, Rui M Gomes, Vania A Brito, Silvia Castro, Joana M Estilita, Filipa M Barros, Isabel M Serra, Aurelia M Martinho, Dana R Tomescu, Alexandra Marcu, Ovidiu H Bedreag, Marius Papurica, Dan E Corneci, Silvius Ioan Negoita, Evgeny Grigoriev, Alexey I Gritsan, Andrey A Gazenkampf, Ghaleb Almekhlafi, Mohamad M Albarrak, Ghanem M Mustafa, Khalid A Maghrabi, Nawal Salahuddin, Tharwat M Aisa, Ahmed S Al Jabbary, Edgardo Tabhan, Yaseen M Arabi, Olivia A Trinidad, Hasan M Al Dorzi, Edgardo E Tabhan, Stefan Bolon, Oliver Smith, Jordi Mancebo, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, Juan C Lopez-Delgado, Francisco Esteve, Gemma Rialp, Catalina Forteza, Candelaria De Haro, Antonio Artigas, Guillermo M Albaiceta, Sara De Cima-Iglesias, Leticia Seoane-Quiroga, Alexandra Ceniceros-Barros, Antonio L Ruiz-Aguilar, Luis M Claraco-Vega, Juan Alfonso Soler, Maria Del Carmen Lorente, Cecilia Hermosa, Federico Gordo, Miryam-Prieto-González, Juan B López-Messa, Manuel P Perez, Cesar P Perez, Raquel Montoiro Allue, Ferran Roche-Campo, Marcos Ibañez-Santacruz, Susana-Temprano, Maria C Pintado, Raul De Pablo, Pilar Ricart Aroa Gómez, Silvia Rodriguez Ruiz, Silvia Iglesias Moles, Mª Teresa Jurado, Alfons Arizmendi, Enrique A Piacentini, Nieves Franco, Teresa Honrubia, Meisy Perez Cheng, Elena Perez Losada, Javier-Blanco, Luis J Yuste, Cecilia Carbayo-Gorriz, Francisca G Cazorla-Barranquero, Javier G Alonso, Rosa S Alda, Ángela Algaba, Gonzalo Navarro, Enrique Cereijo, Esther Diaz-Rodriguez, Diego Pastor Marcos, Laura Alvarez Montero, Luis Herrera Para, Roberto Jimenez Sanchez, Miguel Angel Blasco Navalpotro, Ricardo Diaz Abad, Raquel Montiel Gonz Á Lez, D Á Cil Parrilla Toribio, Alejandro G Castro, Maria Jose D Artiga, Oscar Penuelas, Tomas P Roser, Moreno F Olga, Elena Gallego Curto, Rocío Manzano Sánchez, Vallverdu P Imma, Garcia M Elisabet, Laura Claverias, Monica Magret, Ana M Pellicer, Lucia L Rodriguez, Jesús Sánchez-Ballesteros, Ángela González-Salamanca, Antonio G Jimenez, Francisco P Huerta, Juan Carlos J Sotillo Diaz, Esther Bermejo Lopez, David D Llinares Moya, Alec A Tallet Alfonso, Palazon Sanchez Eugenio Luis, Palazon Sanchez Cesar, Sánchez I Rafael, Corcoles G Virgilio, Noelia N Recio, Richard O Adamsson, Christian C Rylander, Bernhard Holzgraefe, Lars M Broman, Joanna Wessbergh, Linnea Persson, Fredrik Schiöler, Hans Kedelv, Anna Oscarsson Tibblin, Henrik Appelberg, Lars Hedlund, Johan Helleberg, Karin E Eriksson, Rita Glietsch, Niklas Larsson, Ingela Nygren, Silvia L Nunes, Anna-Karin Morin, Thomas Kander, Anne Adolfsson, Hervé O Zender, Corinne Leemann-Refondini, Souheil Elatrous, Slaheddine Bouchoucha, Imed Chouchene, Islem Ouanes, Asma Ben Souissi, Salma Kamoun, Oktay Demirkiran, Mustafa Aker, Emre Erbabacan, Ilkay Ceylan, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Menekse Ozcelik, Necmettin Ünal, Basak Ceyda Meco, Onat O Akyol, Suleyman S Derman, Barry Kennedy, Ken Parhar, Latha Srinivasa, Danny McAuley, Phil Hopkins, Clare Mellis, Vivek Kakar, Dan Hadfield, Andre Vercueil, Kaushik Bhowmick, Sally K Humphreys, Andrew Ferguson, Raymond Mckee, Ashok S Raj, Danielle A Fawkes, Philip Watt, Linda Twohey, Rajeev R JhaMatthew Thomas, Alex Morton, Varsha Kadaba, Mark J Smith, Anil P Hormis, Santhana G Kannan, Miriam Namih, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Alek Kumar, Szabolcs Rugonfalvi, Christopher Nutt, Orla O'Neill, Colette Seasman, Ged Dempsey, Christopher J Scott, Helen E Ellis, Stuart Mckechnie, Paula J Hutton, Nora N Di Tomasso, Michela N Vitale, Ruth O Griffin, Michael N Dean, Julius H Cranshaw, Emma L Willett, Nicholas Ioannou, Sarah Gillis, Peter Csabi, Rosaleen Macfadyen, Heidi Dawson, Pieter D Preez, Alexandra J Williams, Owen Boyd, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Jon Bramall, Sophie Symmonds, Simon K Chau, Tim Wenham, Tamas Szakmany, Piroska Toth-Tarsoly, Katie H McCalman, Peter Alexander, Lorraine Stephenson, Thomas Collyer, Rhiannon Chapman, Raphael Cooper, Russell M Allan, Malcolm Sim, David W Wrathall, Donald A Irvine, Kim S Zantua, John C Adams, Andrew J Burtenshaw, Gareth P Sellors, Ingeborg D Welters, Karen E Williams, Robert J Hessell, Matthew G Oldroyd, Ceri E Battle, Suresh Pillai, Istvan Kajtor, Mageswaran Sivashanmugavel, Sinead C O'Kane, Adrian Donnelly, Aniko D Frigyik, Jon P Careless, Martin M May, Richard Stewart, T John Trinder, Samantha J Hagan, Matt P Wise, Jade M Cole, Caroline C MacFie, Anna T Dowling, Nicolás Nin, Edgardo Nuñez, Gustavo Pittini, Ruben Rodriguez, María C Imperio, Cristina Santos, Ana G França, Alejandro Ebeid, Alberto Deicas, Carolina Serra, Aditya Uppalapati, Ghassan Kamel, Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed, Jeremy R Beitler, Satyanarayana Reddy Mukkera, Shreedhar Kulkarni, Jarone Lee, Tomaz Mesar, John O Shinn 3rd, Dina Gomaa, Christopher Tainter, Dale J Yeatts, Jessica Warren, Michael J Lanspa, Russel R Miller, Colin K Grissom, Madotto F, Rezoagli E, Pham T, Schmidt M, McNicholas B, Protti A, Panwar R, Bellani G, Fan E, van Haren F, Brochard L, Laffey JG, and LUNG SAFE Investigators and the ESICM Trials Group, Samuel M Brown, Philippe R Bauer, Ryan J Gosselin, Barrett T Kitch, Jason E Cohen, Scott H Beegle, Renaud M Gueret, Aiman Tulaimat, Shazia Choudry, William Stigler, Hitesh Batra, Nidhi G Huff, Keith D Lamb, Trevor W Oetting, Nicholas M Mohr, Claine Judy, Shigeki Saito, Fayez M Kheir, Fayez Kheir, Adam B Schlichting, Angela Delsing, Daniel R Crouch, Mary Elmasri, Dina Ismail, Kyle R Dreyer, Thomas C Blakeman, Rebecca M Baron, Carolina Quintana Grijalba, Peter C Hou, Raghu Seethala, Imo Aisiku, Galen Henderson, Gyorgy Frendl, Sen-Kuang Hou, Robert L Owens, Ashley Schomer, Vesna Bumbasirevic, Bojan Jovanovic, Maja Surbatovic, Milic Veljovic

Subjects
ARDS, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Hyperoxemia, Hypoxemia, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Fraction of inspired oxygen, Oxygen therapy, Prevalence, Medicine, Hypoxia, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Hyperoxia, Invasive mechanical ventilation, Mortality, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Respiration, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Intensive care unit, Intensive Care Units, Anesthesia, Artificial, medicine.symptom, Human, Artificial ventilation, Intensive Care Unit, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Intensive care, Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Humans, business.industry, Research, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult, lcsh:RC86-88.9, medicine.disease, Respiration, Artificial, respiratory tract diseases, Oxygen, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], 030228 respiratory system, business
Abstract

Background Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55–100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073

Published
2020

11. Estatus epiléptico convulsivo como posible síntoma de infección por COVID-19 en un paciente con discapacidad intelectual y trastorno del espectro autista

Author

V. Chavarría, M. López Cuiña, C. Peña-Salazar, and B. Robles Olmo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Carta al Editor, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Autistic spectrum disorder, Convulsive status epilepticus, business.industry, Clinical Neurology, MEDLINE, medicine.disease, ácido valproico, lcsh:RC346-429, Intellectual disability, medicine, Neurology (clinical), Psychiatry, business, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Published
2020
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12. Potential of wild annual legumes for mountain pasture restoration at two silvopastoral sites in southern Spain: promising species and soil-improvement techniques

Author

A. B. Robles-Cruz, J. L. González-Rebollar, M. E. Ramos-Font, M. J. Tognetti-Barbieri, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (España), and Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales (España)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Forage, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, Lathyrus clymenum, Lathyrus cicera, Mycorrhizae, Wild legumes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Vicia, Agronomy, Lathyrus sphaericus, Semiarid Mediterranean silvopastoral systems, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Vicia lutea, Sheep penning, Soil fertility, Agronomy and Crop Science, Rhizobium, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

This study evaluates the potential for pasture improvement and restoration at two silvopastoral sites. We used a total of 16 wild legume species under different management systems (rhizobial inoculation, mycorrhizal inoculation, sheep penning, and sheep penning with mycorrhizal inoculation), at two mountain sites in Sierra Nevada Natural Park (Granada, southern Spain). The first site, Soportújar, had higher soil fertility and rainfall than the second, Lanjarón. Forage yields in Soportújar ranged from 265 to 8970 kg DM ha¿1, Vicia amphicarpa, Vicia monantha, Vicia disperma and Lathyrus clymenum being the most productive species. Mycorrhizal inoculation resulted in higher forage yields for Lens nigricans, V. disperma and Vicia lutea. Seed yields were low, ranging from 5.9 to 1234 kg ha¿1. Forage yields in Lanjarón were lower, ranging from 46 to 1415 kg DM ha¿1; and the most productive species were V. monantha, V. disperma, Lathyrus cicera and Medicago rigidula. Sheep penning alone and together with mycorrhizal treatment resulted in greater forage yields for most of the species studied, although differences were only significant for V. disperma, V. monantha and Lathyrus sphaericus. Seed yields ranged from 0.4 to 60 kg ha¿1. In conclusion, we recommend V. monantha, V. disperma and L. cicera followed by V. amphicarpa and L. clymenum (in wetter more fertile sites) and M. rigidula (in drier sites), as they seem to be the best adapted to the pedoclimatic conditions of Sierra Nevada Natural Park. Increasing nutrients in the soil (by sheep penning) and promoting nutrient assimilation (by mycorrhizal inoculation) may be effective strategies for increasing pasture biomass in silvopastoral sites., This work has been funded by the National Parks Autonomous Agency (OAPN, Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment) through the project “Investigaciones sobre la flora forrajera natural en mejoras de pastos, restauración forestal y silvicultura preventiva con ganado: una experiencia piloto en Sierra Nevada” (Ref. 748). We would like to thank Baltasar del Pozo for managing the sheep penning, Mycovitro who donated the Glomigel, and Manuel Fernández-López and Pablo Villadas who provided the rhizobium inocula for this study.

Published
2019
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13. Efecto antimicrobiano de curcumina sobre Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Candida albicans

Author

Luis Octavio Sánchez Vargas, Asurim A. Núñez Solano, Julio B. Robles Navarro, Patricia Cerecero Aguirre, and Josué Roberto Bermeo Escalona

Subjects
antifúngico, Science (General), Science, Social Sciences, medicine.disease_cause, Enterococcus faecalis, Microbiology, microorganismos, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Q1-390, 0302 clinical medicine, CMI, medicine, antibacteriano, Curcuminoid, Escherichia coli, 030304 developmental biology, H1-99, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Corpus albicans, Social sciences (General), compuestos fenólicos, Staphylococcus aureus, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, curcumina, Curcumin, Antibacterial activity
Abstract

Introducción: Debido al desarrollo de resistencia de los microorganismos a múltiples fármacos, se han realizado investigaciones exhaustivas de agentes terapéuticos derivados de fuentes naturales, como la curcumina. La curcumina (diferuloilmetano) es un compuesto fenólico, principal curcuminoide presente en la especie Curcuma longa L. En virtud de sus múltiples propiedades farmacológicas (antibacterianas, antifúngicas y antiinflamatorias) ha sido de gran interés para los científicos en los últimos años. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto antimicrobiano de la curcumina a través de la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) sobre cepas de Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Candida albicans.Método: Se evaluó la actividad antibacteriana in vitro de la curcumina contra E. faecalis (ATCC 51299), E. coli (ATCC 25922) y S. aureus (ATCC 25923), siguiendo el protocolo de acuerdo con las recomendaciones del Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) en su documento M-07-A8. La actividad antifúngica in vitro de la curcumina contra C. albicans (ATCC 26790) se evaluó siguiendo el protocolo de acuerdo con las recomendaciones del CLSI en su documento M27-A.Resultados: Los valores de la CMI de la curcumina fueron de 125 μg/ml, 31.2 μg/ml, 31.2 μg/ml y 125 μg/ml para E. faecalis, E. coli, S. aureus y C. albicans, respectivamente.Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio revelaron que la curcumina en bajas concentraciones tiene efecto antimicrobiano sobre cepas de E. faecalis, E. coli, S. aureus y C. albicans.

Published
2020

14. Prevalencia de gingivitis y caries en estudiantes universitarios mexiquenses con peso (no) saludable y su relación con consumo de azúcar

Author

Antonio Laguna Camacho, Julio B Robles Navarro, María I Cruz Aburto, Judith Arjona Serrano, and Quetzalcóatl Hurtado Sánchez

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Objetivo: La gingivitis y caries son comunes en población mexicana, por lo que sus causas principales requieren identificarse para desarrollar intervenciones específicas. El presente estudio determinó la prevalencia de gingivitis y caries en jóvenes mexicanos con peso (no) saludable, y su relación con cepillado dental y consumo de azúcar. Material y métodos: Hombres y mujeres (18-25 años) con peso saludable (PS, n = 23, kg/m2 : 18.5-24.9) y no saludable (PNS, n = 23, kg/m2 : ≥ 30) fueron seleccionados por muestreo estratificado de una facultad universitaria. En una sesión se midió estatura, peso y grasa corporal del participante, se evaluó su dieta por recordatorio de 24 horas, y su salud oral por criterios de la OMS. Resultados: No difirió por condición de peso la prevalencia de gingivitis (PS = 74% vs. PNS = 70%) o caries (PS = 78% vs. PNS = 87%). Sólo una proporción menor de participantes reportó cepillarse los dientes una vez o más al día (PS = 22% vs. PNS = 30%). El porcentaje promedio de ingestión derivada de azúcar fue alto, pero no difirió por condición de peso (PS = 12% ± 10% vs. PNS = 11% ± 7%), y en todos los participantes se asoció positivamente con el índice de caries (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). Conclusiones: Las prevalencias de gingivitis y caries aquí encontradas fueron similares a las reportadas en otros estudios. Las acciones de protección a la salud oral continúan siendo necesarias en particular para promover menor consumo de azúcar entre estudiantes universitarios.

Published
2020
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15. Probabilistic risk assessment from potential exposures to the public applied for innovative nuclear installations

Author

B. Robles, J. C. Mora, and Alla Dvorzhak

Subjects
Engineering, Decision support system, Emergency management, Probabilistic risk assessment, business.industry, Probabilistic logic, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Reliability engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk analysis (engineering), Acceptance testing, MELCOR, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business, Engineering design process, Risk assessment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Potential exposures are those that may occur as a result of unanticipated operational performance or accidents. Potential exposure situations are probabilistic in nature because they depend on uncertain events such as equipment failure, operator errors or external initiators beyond the control of the operator. Consequently, there may exist a range of possible radiological impacts that need to be considered. In this paper a Level 3 Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) for a hypothetical scenario relevant to Innovative Nuclear Energy Systems (INS) was conducted using computer code MACCS (MELCOR Accident Consequence Code Systems). The acceptability of an INS was analyzed taking into account the general requirement that relocation or evacuation measures must not be necessary beyond the site boundary. In addition, deterministic modeling of the accident consequences for the critical meteorological conditions was carried out using the JRODOS decision support system (Real-time On-line Decision Support system for off-site emergency management in Europe). The approach used for dose and risk assessment from potential exposure of accidental releases and their comparison with acceptance criteria are presented. The methodology described can be used as input to the licensing procedure and engineering design considerations to help satisfy relevant health and environmental impact criteria for fission or fusion nuclear installations.

Published
2016
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16. Assessment for the management of NORM wastes in conventional hazardous and nonhazardous waste landfills

Author

J. C. Mora, Antonio Baeza, B. Robles, and Javier Sanz

Subjects
Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Waste management, business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Radioactive waste, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Toxic waste, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Norm (artificial intelligence), Work (electrical), Hazardous waste, Environmental Chemistry, business, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Exposure assessment
Abstract

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) wastes are generated in huge quantities in several industries and their management has been carried out under considerations of industrial non-radioactive wastes, before the concern on the radioactivity content was included in the legislation. Therefore these wastes were conditioned using conventional methods and the waste disposals were designed to isolate toxic elements from the environment for long periods of time. Spanish regulation for these conventional toxic waste disposals includes conditions that assure adequate isolation to minimize the impact of the wastes to the environment in present and future conditions. After 1996 the radiological impact of the management of NORM wastes is considered and all the aspects related with natural radiations and the radiological control regarding the management of residues from NORM industries were developed in the new regulation. One option to be assessed is the disposal of NORM wastes in hazardous and non-hazardous waste disposals, as was done before this new regulation. This work analyses the management of NORM wastes in these landfills to derive the masses that can be disposed without considerable radiological impact. Generic dose assessments were carried out under highly conservative hypothesis and a discussion on the uncertainty and variability sources was included to provide consistency to the calculations.

Published
2016
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17. Density functional theory study of the reactivity and electronic structure of the transesterification of triacetin in biodiesel production via a sulfated zirconia heterogeneous catalysis

Author

Jesús Muñiz, Jose B. Robles, Roger Castillo, and Enrique Sansores

Subjects
Reaction mechanism, 010405 organic chemistry, Inorganic chemistry, Transesterification, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Heterogeneous catalysis, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, Gibbs free energy, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Biodiesel production, symbols, Methanol, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Triacetin
Abstract

This DFT study examined the interaction of a sulfated zirconia (SZ) slab model system (heterogeneous catalyst) and triacetin (a precursor in biodiesel production) using explicit methanol solvent molecules. Full geometry optimizations of the systems were performed at the B3LYP level of theory. Gibbs free energies provide insight into the spontaneity of the reactions along a three-step reaction mechanism for the transesterification of triacetin. Charge decomposition analysis revealed electronic charge transfer between the metallic oxide and the organic moieties involved in the reaction mechanism. Fukui indices indicate the likely locations on the SZ surface where catalysis may occur. The quadratic synchronous transit scheme was used to locate transition structures for each step of the transesterification process. The results are in agreement with the strongly acidic catalytic character of zirconium observed experimentally in the production of biodiesel. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2016
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18. THU0186 Rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease. multicentric retrospective study of 118 patients treated with biological no anti tnf

Author

M. A. González-Gay, Natalia Mena-Vázquez, S. Castañeda, H. Macarena, C. Ojeda-Garcia, P Rubio-Muñoz, Roman Blanco, I. Hernandez-Rodriguez, Patricia Carreira, C. Fernández-Díaz, C. Delgado, A. Ruibal-Escribano, T.J. Mas, Gemma Bonilla, J.A. Bernal, R. Expósito-Molinero, Sevill J. Bernal, Sergi Ordoñez, B. Robles-flores, Miriam Retuerto, O. Maiz-Alonso, M. Martin-Lopez, Mireia López-Corbeto, Ander Urruticoechea, C. Fito, J. M. Blanco-Madrigal, Trinidad Pérez-Sandoval, B. Garcia-Magallon, L. Arboleya, D. Palma, Mireia Moreno, Samantha Rodríguez-Muguruza, Francisco Ortiz-Sanjuán, D. Reina-Sainz, I. Villa blanco, E. Cervantes, J. Narvaez-García, L. Belmar-Vega, M. Carrasco-Cubero, S. Romero, and T.R. Vazqzez

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Exacerbation, business.industry, Abatacept, Interstitial lung disease, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, FEV1/FVC ratio, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tocilizumab, chemistry, DLCO, Internal medicine, Rheumatoid arthritis, medicine, Respiratory function, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has a poor prognosis. Treatments such as anti-TNF, have been implicated in the exacerbation of an ILD. Objectives Our objective is to evaluate and compare the evolution of ILD in patients with RA treated with Abatacept (ABA), Rituximab (RTX) and Tocilizumab (TCZ) after 1 year of treatment. Methods Retrospective multicentre study of patients with ILD and AR treated with ABA, RTX and TCZ at standard doses. The ILD was diagnosed by CT. The efficacy was evaluated whith the following measures: i) Dyspnea by modified scale of the Medical Research Council (mMRC); considering variations of 1 point. ii) Respiratory function tests; considering variations in FVC and DLCO ≥10%. iii) Imaging test (CT). Results We included 118 (72 women/46 men) patients, mean age of 62.27±10.55 years. The ILD had a median evolution of 12 12–37 months. The RA was ACPA+in 102 cases (86.4%). At diagnosis, the mean DLCO onset of biological treatment was 65.63±19.38. Table 1 shows the characteristics by subgroups. The Figure expresses the evolution in the cases available at 12 months. There is an improvement in CT in 36.4% of patients with ABA, 28.6% of patients with RTX and only 8.3% of patients with TCZ. Conclusions There seems to be a trend towards a better radiological response in patients treated with RTX and ABA. It would be necessary prospective studies. Disclosure of Interest None declared

Published
2018
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19. The effect of triple therapy on the mortality of catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome patients

Author

Rodríguez-Pintó, I. Espinosa, G. Erkan, D. Shoenfeld, Y. Cervera, R. Piette, J.C. Jacek, M. Roca, B. Tektonidou, M. Moutsopoulos, H. Boffa, J. Chapman, J. Stojanovich, L. Veloso, M.P. Praprotnik, S. Traub, B. Levy, R. Daryl, T. Tan, D. Boffa, M.C. Makatsaria, A. Ruano, M. Allievi, A. You, W. Khamastha, M. Hughes, S. Nilzete, L. Menendez Suso, J. Pacheco, J. Boriotti, M.F. Dias, C. Pangtey, G. Miller, S. Policepatil, S. Larissa, L. Marjatta, S. Carolyn, S. Noortje, T. Reiner, K. Arteaga, S. Leilani, T. Langsford, D. Niedzwiecki, M. Queyrel, V. Moroti-Constantinescu, R. Romero, C. Jeremic, K. Urbano, A. Hurtado-García, R. Kumar Das, A. Costedoat-Chalumeau, N. Yngvar, F. Gomez-Puerta, J.A. de Meigs, E. Smith, J.P. Zakharova, E. Nayer, A. Douglas, W. Lyndsey, R. Blanco, V. Vicent, C. Natalya, K. Damian, L. Valentini, E. Giula, B. Casal Moura, M. Loperena, O.A. Susan, Y.R. Imbert, G.G. Almasri, H. Hospach, T. Mouna, B. Robles, A. Wilson, H. Guisado, P. Ruiz, R. Rodriguez, J. CAPS Registry Project Group

Abstract

Objectives. The objective of this study was to assess the effect that triple therapy (anticoagulation plus CS plus plasma exchange and/or IVIGs) has on the mortality risk of patients with catastrophic APS (CAPS) included in the CAPS Registry. Methods. Patients from the CAPS Registry were grouped based on their treatments: triple therapy; drugs included in the triple therapy but in different combinations; and none of the treatments included in the triple therapy. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare mortality risk between groups. Results. The CAPS Registry cohort included 525 episodes of CAPS accounting for 502 patients. After excluding 54 episodes (10.3%), a total of 471 patients with CAPS were included [mean (S.D.) age 38.5 years (17); 68.2% female primary APS patients 62%]. Overall, 174 (36.9%) patients died. Triple therapy was prescribed in 189 episodes (40.1%), other combinations in 270 (57.3%) and none of those treatments in 12 episodes (2.5%); the mortality rate in the three groups was 28.6, 41.1 and 75%, respectively. Triple therapy was positively associated with a higher chance of survival when compared with non-treatment [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 9.7, 95% CI: 2.3, 40.6] or treatment with other combinations of drugs included in the triple therapy (adjusted OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6). No statistical differences were found between patients that received triple therapy with plasma exchange or IVIGs (P = 0.92). Conclusion. Triple therapy is independently associated with a higher survival rate among patients with CAPS. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology.

Published
2018

20. Subsidence monitoring with geotechnical instruments in the Mexicali Valley, Baja California, Mexico

Author

M. A. Garcia Arthur, Olga Sarychikhina, F. Farfan, Ewa Glowacka, V. H. Márquez Ramírez, F. A. Nava, and B. Robles

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Tiltmeter, General Medicine, Slip (materials science), Volcanism, Induced seismicity, Fault scarp, lcsh:Geology, Graben, Tectonics, Geotechnical engineering, Geothermal gradient, lcsh:Environmental sciences, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

The Mexicali Valley (northwestern Mexico), situated in the southern part of the San Andreas fault system, is an area with high tectonic deformation, recent volcanism, and active seismicity. Since 1973, fluid extraction, from the 1500–3000 m depth range, at the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field (CPGF), has influenced deformation in the Mexicali Valley area, accelerating the subsidence and causing slip along the traces of tectonic faults that limit the subsidence area. Detailed field mapping done since 1989 (González et al., 1998; Glowacka et al., 2005; Suárez-Vidal et al., 2008) in the vicinity of the CPGF shows that many subsidence induced fractures, fissures, collapse features, small grabens, and fresh scarps are related to the known tectonic faults. Subsidence and fault rupture are causing damage to infrastructure, such as roads, railroad tracks, irrigation channels, and agricultural fields. Since 1996, geotechnical instruments installed by CICESE (Centro de Investigación Ciéntifica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, B.C.) have operated in the Mexicali Valley, for continuous recording of deformation phenomena. Instruments are installed over or very close to the affected faults. To date, the network includes four crackmeters and eight tiltmeters; all instruments have sampling intervals in the 1 to 20 min range. Instrumental records typically show continuous creep, episodic slip events related mainly to the subsidence process, and coseismic slip discontinuities (Glowacka et al., 1999, 2005, 2010; Sarychikhina et al., 2015). The area has also been monitored by levelling surveys every few years and, since the 1990's by studies based on DInSAR data (Carnec and Fabriol, 1999; Hansen, 2001; Sarychikhina et al., 2011). In this work we use data from levelling, DInSAR, and geotechnical instruments records to compare the subsidence caused by anthropogenic activity and/or seismicity with slip recorded by geotechnical instruments, in an attempt to obtain more information about the process of fault slip associated with subsidence.

Published
2015
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21. Probabilistic Prognosis of Environmental Radioactivity Concentrations due to Radioisotopes Discharged to Water Bodies from Nuclear Power Plants

Author

B. Robles, J. C. Mora, and Juan Tomás Zerquera

Subjects
environmental monitoring program, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Soil science, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, radioecological modelling, lcsh:Chemical technology, 01 natural sciences, Article, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Environmental data, Atmosphere, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, normal discharges, Environmental monitoring, Range (statistics), nuclear power plants, lcsh:TP1-1185, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chemical Health and Safety, business.industry, Probabilistic logic, Nuclear power, Nuclear facilities, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Environmental radioactivity, business
Abstract

Due to their very low values, the complexity of comparing the contribution of nuclear power plants (NPPs) to environmental radioactivity with modeled values is recognized. In order to compare probabilistic prognosis of radioactivity concentrations with environmental measurement values, an exercise was performed using public data of radioactive routine discharges from three representative Spanish nuclear power plants. Specifically, data on liquid discharges from three Spanish NPPs: Almaraz, Vandellós II, and Ascó to three different aquatic bodies (river, lake, and coast) were used. Results modelled using generic conservative models together with Monte Carlo techniques used for uncertainties propagation were compared with values of radioactivity concentrations in the environment measured in the surroundings of these NPPs. Probability distribution functions were inferred for the source term, used as an input to the model to estimate the radioactivity concentrations in the environment due to discharges to the water bodies. Radioactivity concentrations measured in bottom sediments were used in the exercise due to their accumulation properties. Of all the radioisotopes measured in the environmental monitoring programs around the NPPs, only Cs-137, Sr-90, and Co-60 had positive values greater than their respective detection limits. Of those, Sr-90 and Cs-137 are easily measured in the environment, but significant contribution from the radioactive fall-out due to nuclear explosions in the atmosphere exists, and therefore their values cannot be attributed to the NPPs. On the contrary, Co-60 is especially useful as an indicator of the radioactive discharges from NPPs because its presence in the environment can solely be attributed to the impact of the closer nuclear facilities. All the modelled values for Co-60 showed a reasonable correspondence with measured environmental data in all cases, being conservative in two of them. The more conservative predictions obtained with the models were the activity concentrations in the sediments of a lake (Almaraz) where, on average, values two times higher were obtained. For the case of rivers (Ascó), calculated results were adequately conservative—up to 3.4 times on average. However, the results for coasts (Vandellos II) were in the same range as the environmental measurements, obtaining predictions that are only—at maximum—1.1 times higher than measured values. Only for this specific case of coasts could it be established that the models are not conservative enough, although the results, on average, are relatively close to the real values.

Published
2017

22. SAT0191 Patterns of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis and abatacept. multicenter study of 63 patients

Author

O. Maíz, B. Hernández, Trinidad Pérez-Sandoval, D. Palma, J. Blanco, E. Cervantes, Santos Castañeda, L. Arboleya, Miriam Retuerto, V Mora, M. A. González-Gay, N Mena, B Robles, J.A. Bernal, Sergi Ordoñez, M. Rodríguez, B Alvarez, S. Rodríguez, S. Romero, A Urruticoechea, Patricia Carreira, C. Fernández-Díaz, I. Villa, C. Fito, A. Olivé, Javier Narváez, I. Rodriguez, J.L. Hernández, R. Expósito, C Aguilera, Paloma Vela, A Ruibal, M Lopez, Roman Blanco, C. Delgado, C Ojeda, Gemma Bonilla, and Mireia Moreno

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Abatacept, Interstitial lung disease, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Infliximab, respiratory tract diseases, Surgery, Usual interstitial pneumonia, Rheumatoid arthritis, Internal medicine, medicine, Adalimumab, Respiratory function, business, medicine.drug, Leflunomide
Abstract

Background Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate (MTX), leflunomide (LFN) or antiTNFα have been implicated in development/exacerbation of Interstitial lung disease (ILD)of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Several radiological patterns of ILD have been described: i) usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), ii) nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), iii) obliterating bronchitis (OB), and iv) Organized pneumonia (OP) Objectives To assess the response to Abatacept (ABA) in these patterns of ILD Methods Multicenter study of RA-ILD treated with ABA. ILD was diagnosed by high-resolution CT scan (HRCT) and classified in radiological patterns (Travis et al). We consider 3 subgroups: a) UIP, b) NSIP and c) “other” (OB, OP or mixed). ABA was used at iv or sc standard dose. We assessed: a) Dyspnea (Medical Research Council-modified scale; significant variations≥1); B) Respiratory function tests; significant changes≥10% in forced vital capacity (FVC) and DLCO≤10%, c) HRCT, d) DAS28. A comparative study was performed for the quantitative (U-Mann-Whitney) and qualitative variables (Fisher test) between the baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months. Results We included 63 patients (27 women/36 men), mean age; 63.1±9.6 years. At ABA onset the RA had a median evolution of 6.8 [2–13.6] years and the ILD of 1 [0.3–3.03]. RA was seropositive in 85.7%. The diagnosis of ILD was confirmed by biopsy (n=18). The ILD was related to DMARDs: MTX (4), etanercept (3), adalimumab (3), certolizumab (2), Infliximab (1). ABA was used in monotherapy (26) or combined with other DMARDs (37); LFN (15), Cyclosporin (1), sulfasalazine (4), MTX (6), hydroxychloroquine (10), azathioprine (4), chloroquine (1). Table 1 shows the evolution in the available cases. A significant improvement in dyspnea and HRCT was observed in the NIU type. DLCO remained stable in most patients regardless of the radiological pattern. The activity of RA (DAS28) also improved. Conclusions ABA appears to be effective in ILD associated-RA, including the pattern of poor prognosis (UIP). References Travis WD et al. J Respir Crit Care Med 2013 188:733–748. Disclosure of Interest None declared

Published
2017
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23. Efecto antimicrobiano de curcumina sobre Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Candida albicans.

Author

Solano, Asurim A. Núñez, Aguirre, Patricia Cerecero, Vargas, Luis Octavio Sánchez, Navarro, Julio B. Robles, and Escalona, Josué Roberto Bermeo

Subjects
DRUG resistance in microorganisms, TURMERIC, ENTEROCOCCUS faecalis, CURCUMIN, PHENOLS, ENTEROCOCCUS
Abstract

Copyright of Nova Scientia is the property of Nova Scientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020
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24. Circadian Genes Differentially Affect Tolerance to Ethanol in Drosophila

Author

Lawrence K. Cormack, Nigel S. Atkinson, Roseanna B. Robles, Alfredo Ghezzi, Jascha B. Pohl, and Linda K. Lew

Subjects
Mutant, Circadian clock, Medicine (miscellaneous), Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Circadian Clocks, medicine, Animals, Circadian rhythm, Alcohol tolerance, Drosophila, Gene, Genetics, Mutation, Ethanol, biology, Central Nervous System Depressants, Drug Tolerance, biology.organism_classification, Bacterial circadian rhythms, Circadian Rhythm, Psychiatry and Mental health, Female
Abstract

There is a strong relationship between circadian rhythms and ethanol (EtOH) responses. EtOH consumption has been shown to disrupt physiological and behavioral circadian rhythms in mammals (Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2005b, 29, 1550). The Drosophila central circadian pacemaker is composed of proteins encoded by the per, tim, cyc, and Clk genes. Using Drosophila mutant analysis, we asked whether these central components of the circadian clock make the equivalent contribution toward EtOH tolerance and whether rhythmicity itself is necessary for tolerance.We tested flies carrying mutations in core clock genes for the capacity to acquire EtOH tolerance. Tolerance was assayed by comparing the sedation curves of populations during their first and second sedation. Animals that had acquired tolerance sedated more slowly. Movement was also monitored as the flies breathe the EtOH vapor to determine if other facets of the EtOH response were affected by the mutations. Gas chromatography was used to measure internal EtOH concentration. Constant light was used to nongenetically destabilize the PER and TIM proteins.A group of circadian mutations, all of which eliminate circadian rhythms, do not disrupt tolerance identically. Mutations in per, tim, and cyc completely block tolerance. However, a mutation in Clk does not interfere with tolerance. Constant light also disrupts the capacity to acquire tolerance. These lines did not differ in EtOH absorption.Mutations affecting different parts of the intracellular circadian clock can block the capacity to acquire rapid EtOH tolerance. However, the role of circadian genes in EtOH tolerance is independent of their role in producing circadian rhythmicity. The interference in the capacity to acquire EtOH tolerance by some circadian mutations is not merely a downstream effect of a nonfunctional circadian clock; instead, these circadian genes play an independent role in EtOH tolerance.

Published
2013
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25. Efficient method for detecting tool failures in high-speed machining process

Author

Juan C. Jauregui, Gilberto Herrera, Jose B. Robles, and Perla Yazmin Sevilla

Subjects
Vibration, Nonlinear system, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Acoustics, Harmonics, Face (geometry), Process (computing), Transient (oscillation), Accelerometer, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Continuous wavelet transform
Abstract

This research presents a method for detecting tool failures in high-speed face milling. This method detects tool failures from vibration signature maps. Tests were carried out at different tool failure levels, spindle speeds, feed rates, and workpiece mountings. Vibration signals were obtained with an accelerometer and processed using the continuous wavelet transform methodology. The vibration signature maps showed that healthy cutting tools produce a periodic insert passing frequency and its harmonics. In contrast, a damage tool generates additional nonlinear and transient frequencies at nonsynchronous frequencies. The experimental results agree with vibration signature maps obtained from a simulated cutting force model. The proposed method is effective as a tool failure detection method when transient and nonlinear behaviors are presented in face milling process. Moreover, the proposed method showed good results at different process parameters and for several types of tool failures. Finally, it is important to point out the use of accelerometers because they present several advantages against other types of sensors. Advantages such as low cost, wide bandwidth, and easy implementation are important characteristics for tool condition monitoring in high-speed machining.

Published
2013
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26. Impact of targeted sheep grazing on herbage and holm oak saplings in a silvopastoral wildfire prevention system in south-eastern Spain

Author

Jabier Ruiz-Mirazo and A. B. Robles

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Biomass (ecology), business.industry, Agroforestry, Livestock grazing, Forestry, Agronomy, Agriculture, Grazing, Environmental science, Livestock, Dry matter, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, South eastern
Abstract

Several wildfire prevention programs in southern Europe are currently using livestock grazing for the maintenance of fuelbreaks. This silvopastoral management is valued for being sustainable and effective in reducing fuel loads, but few studies have analyzed other impacts linked to fuelbreak grazing. This paper reports on an experiment performed within the wildfire prevention program in Andalusia (southern Spain) with the aim of clarifying and quantifying the effect of fuelbreak grazing on herbage biomass, ground cover, herbage species composition, and growth of holm oak saplings. The study site, located in a semiarid Mediterranean environment, was grazed by a shepherded sheep flock from February to June in three consecutive years at a similar stocking rate. Livestock consumed between 33 and 68 % of herbage production in the different years, and the greatest fuel reduction (remaining dry matter of 200 kg ha−1) was registered in Year 2, when rainfall and herbage production was lowest. Ground cover was significantly affected by grazing: on average, the percentage of bare soil increased three-fold, while herbage cover was reduced by a quarter. The botanical composition of herbage varied remarkably between years, but very little between Grazed and Non-Grazed areas within each year. Non-browsed holm oak saplings became progressively larger than browsed ones, differences only reaching clear statistical significance at the end of the three experimental years. At this time, the volume of browsed saplings was 47–56 % smaller than that of non-browsed holm oaks, even though the former had also grown significantly in the course of the experiment.

Published
2012
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27. Molecular Diagnosis of African Swine Fever by a New Real-Time PCR Using Universal Probe Library

Author

Carmina Gallardo, Richard P. Bishop, Jovita Fernández-Pinero, Emmanuel Couacy-Hymann, Livio Heath, V. Pelayo, A. B. Robles, Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Marisa Arias, Alejandro Soler, C. Gómez, and M. Elizalde

Subjects
General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, African swine fever, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Genome, African swine fever virus, law.invention, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, law, Classical swine fever, Genotype, TaqMan, Polymerase chain reaction
Abstract

A highly sensitive and specific real-time PCR method was developed for the reliable and rapid detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV). The method uses a commercial Universal Probe Library (UPL) probe combined with a specifically designed primer set to amplify an ASFV DNA fragment within the VP72 coding genome region. The detection range of the optimized UPL PCR technique was confirmed by analysis of a large panel (n = 46) of ASFV isolates, belonging to 19 of the 22 viral p72 genotypes described. No amplification signal was observed when closely clinically related viruses, such as classical swine fever, or other porcine pathogens were tested by this assay. The detection limit of the UPL PCR method was established below 18 DNA copies. Validation experiments using an extensive collection of field porcine and tick samples (n = 260), coming from Eastern and Western African regions affected by ASF, demonstrated that the UPL PCR technique was able to detect over 10% more positive samples than the real-time TaqMan PCR test recommended in the OIE manual, confirming its superior diagnostic sensitivity. Clinical material collected during experimental infections with different ASFV p72 genotypes was useful for assuring both the capacity of the UPL PCR for an early viral DNA detection and the competence of the technique to be applied in any ASF diagnostic target sample. The reliability and robustness of the UPL PCR was finally verified with a panel of ASFV-infected clinical samples which was repeatedly tested at different times. Additionally, an internal control PCR assay was also developed and standardized using UPL probes within the endogenous β-actin gene. Finally, the complete study offers a new validated real-time PCR technique, by means of a standardized commercial probe, providing a simple, rapid and affordable test, which is ready for application in the routine diagnosis of ASF.

Published
2012
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28. Erratum to: Longitudinal volumetric and 2D assessment of cerebellar atrophy in a large cohort of children with phosphomannomutase deficiency (PMM2-CDG)

Author

C. Sierra-Córcoles, V. de Diego, M.C. Miranda, M. T. Garcia-Silva, Eduardo López-Laso, Antonio Martinez-Monseny, R. Cancho Candela, B. Robles, F. Carratalá, Raquel Montero, Belén Pérez-Dueñas, Celia Pérez-Cerdá, Mercedes Serrano, Belén Pérez, L. López, Daniel Cuadras, Alfons Macaya, Ana Felipe, Sergio Aguilera-Albesa, Andrea Poretti, Oscar Jerez García, Rafael Artuch, M.L. Carrasco Marina, Jordi Muchart, M.P. Póo, Pilar Quijada-Fraile, Ramón Velázquez-Fragua, Luis González Gutiérrez-Solana, and María L. Couce

Subjects
business.industry, Genetics, Pediatric neurology department, Medicine, Pediatric Neurology, Pmm2 cdg, business, University hospital, Clinical biochemistry, Humanities, Genetics (clinical), Large cohort, Pediatric department
Abstract

Due to an unfortunate error during the typesetting process, the collaborators were presented incorrectly. Collaborators of the CDG Spanish-Consortium Sergio Aguilera-Albesa, MD PhD1 Ramon Cancho Candela, MD PhD2Ma Llanos CarrascoMarina,MD3 Francisco Carratala,MD PhD4Ma Luz Couce, MDPhD5 Ana Felipe,MD6 oscar Garcia,MD7Ma TeresaGarcia-Silva,MD PhD8 Luis G Gutierrez-Solana, MD PhD9 Alfons Macaya, MD PhD6 Ma Concepcion Miranda, MD PhD10 Laura Lopez, MD9 Eduardo Lopez-Laso, MD PhD11MPilar Poo,MD PhD12 Pilar Quijada-Fraile,MD PhD8 Bernabe Robles, MD,PhD13 Concepcion Sierra-Corcoles, MD14 Ramon Velazquez- Fragua, MD15 1. Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital, Pamplona, Spain 2. Pediatric Neurology Unit. Pediatrics Department. Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega. Valladolid, Spain. 3. Neuropediatric Department, Pediatric Service, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa. Leganes, Madrid, Spain. 4. Pediatric Neurology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain. 5. Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of CongenitalMetabolic Diseases. Department of Pediatrics. Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago. CIBERER. Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 6. Grup de Recerca en Neurologia Pediatrica, Institut de Recerca Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Seccio de Neurologia Pediatrica, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. 7. Pediatric Department, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain. 8. Unidad de Enfermedades Mitocondriales-Enfermedades Metabolicas Hereditarias. Dpto. de Pediatria, Instituto de Investigacion i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre- CIBERER-ISCIII, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. 9. Unit of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infantil Universitario Nino Jesus de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 10. Pediatric Neurology Unit, H.G.U Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain 11. Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Pediatric Neurology Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, CIBERER, Cordoba, Spain. 12. Neuropediatric, Radiology and Clinical Biochemistry Departments, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. U-703 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain. 13.Neurology Department, Hospital General de Sant Boi, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi, Barcelona, Spain. 14. Unidad de Neuropediatria, Hospital de Jaen, Jaen, Spain. 15. Pediatric Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. We apologize for this mistake. The original article was corrected.

Published
2017
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29. Oat and Oat-Vetch as Rainfed Fodder-Cover Crops in Semiarid Environments: Effects of Fertilization and Harvest Time on Forage Yield and Quality

Author

M. E. Ramos, Pedro A. García, A. B. Robles, and Miguel A. Altieri

Subjects
Agronomy, Fodder, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Yield (wine), Grazing, Hay, Forage, Development, Straw, Biology, Cover crop, Agronomy and Crop Science, Organic fertilizer
Abstract

We evaluate the forage yield and quality, species composition, and carrying capacity of oats and oat-vetch as fodder-cover crops, grown in almond orchards, under mineral or organic fertilizer and three harvesting regimes (“grazing,” “hay,” and “grain plus straw”). Also, we show preliminary results of almond yield. Differences in yield due to mineral and organic fertilization were only 9%. The carrying capacity was similar for all treatments. The almond yield was greater when the cover crop was removed early as “grazing.” Therefore, oats and oat-vetch could be used as cover crops in almond orchards if removed early by livestock grazing.

Published
2011
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30. Short- and medium-term response of Atriplex halimus L. to repeated seasonal grazing in south-eastern Spain

Author

A. B. Robles and Jabier Ruiz-Mirazo

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Ecology, biology, ved/biology, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Shrub, Soil quality, Arid, Agronomy, Fodder, Atriplex halimus, Botany, Shoot, Grazing, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Atriplex halimus L. is a valuable fodder shrub that has been widely used in arid Mediterranean regions. However, its response to several cumulative years of grazing management remains uncertain. Accordingly, we conducted a three-year experiment in south-eastern Spain to analyze the influence of repeated seasonal (winter-spring) sheep browsing on young A. halimus plants. Shrub growth, fodder and wood production, plant compactness and shoot moisture content were assessed through regular monitoring of the size of shrubs, sampling of summer shoots, and destructive procedures at the end of the experiment. Shrubs were on two closely located sites but where soil quality and water availability were different. At the better location, browsed shrubs grew less and were significantly smaller (P < 0.001) than the non-browsed saltbushes. In contrast, differences between groups were minimal where the growth conditions were poorer. In all cases, shrubs resprouted vigorously and maintained fodder production throughout the experiment. Browsing affected shrub structure, resulting in smaller but more compact plants (2.20 vs. 1.24 g dm−3, P < 0.001), but their proportion of fodder remained similar. The spring grazing increased shrub-shoot moisture content in the summer (62.5% vs. 56.0%, P < 0.001). Overall, this species responded very positively to repeated seasonal grazing.

Published
2011
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31. Modelling the behaviour of 210Po in high temperature processes

Author

C. Gascó, J.A. Corbacho, B. Robles, J. C. Mora, and Manuel Gázquez

Subjects
Polonium, Flue gas, Hot Temperature, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Nuclear engineering, Coal combustion products, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Raw material, Coal Ash, Models, Biological, Environmental Chemistry, Ceramic, Waste Management and Disposal, Naturally occurring radioactive material, Chemistry, Condensation, General Medicine, Pollution, Carbon, Boiling point, Radioactive Waste, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Particulate Matter, Power Plants, Radioactive Pollutants
Abstract

In several Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) industries, relatively high temperatures are used as part of their industrial processes. In coal combustion, as occur in other high temperature processes, an increase of the activity concentration of every natural radioisotope is produced both, in residues and by-products. An additional increase can be observed in the activity concentration of radionuclides of elements with low boiling point. This work is centred in the increase of polonium, more precisely in its radioisotope Po-210, present in the natural chains, and with a half-life long enough to be considered for radiation protection purposes. This additional increase appears mainly in the residual particles that are suspended in the flue gases: the fly-ashes. Besides, scales, with a high concentration of this radioisotope, were observed. These scales are produced on surfaces with a temperature lower than the boiling point of the chemical element. Both, the accumulation in particles and the production of scales are attributed to condensation effects. When effective doses for the public and the workers are evaluated, taking into account these increases in activity concentrations, the use of theoretical models is necessary. In this work a theoretical description of those effects is presented. Moreover, a verification of the predictions of the model was performed by comparing them with measurements carried on in coal-fired power plants. The same description here presented is applicable in general to the behaviour of Po-210 in other NORM industries where high temperature processes involving raw materials are used, as can be ceramic, cement production, tiles production or steel processing.

Published
2011
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32. Two-year evaluation of fuelbreaks grazed by livestock in the wildfire prevention program in Andalusia (Spain)

Author

J.L. González-Rebollar, Jabier Ruiz-Mirazo, and A. B. Robles

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Ecology, business.industry, ved/biology, Fire prevention, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Monitoring system, Forestry, Vegetation, Shrub, Discriminatory power, Environmental protection, Grazing, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, Livestock, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Livestock grazing of fuelbreaks is a silvopastoral practice which is promoted in several Mediterranean regions with the objective of improving wildfire prevention. In the grazed fuelbreak network in Andalusia (Spain), over 2000 ha of fuelbreaks were characterized and grazing in them was evaluated in 2008 and 2009. The grazing evaluation was based on several visual assessments of the utilization rate of vegetation by livestock and the general grazing level observed. These parameters were employed to classify fuelbreaks into four levels of accomplishment of the grazing objectives, both through individual assessments (2008) and with the aid of an automatic procedure based on discriminant analysis (2009). The accuracy of the automatic classification functions for 2009 reached 86%. This value remained high (82%) when only the parameter with the most discriminatory power (the mean general grazing level) and predefined thresholds were employed. Based on these results, a streamlined monitoring system is proposed to evaluate grazing in fuelbreaks. Regarding fuelbreak characteristics, larger shrub volumes were found to negatively affect the accomplishment of grazing objectives. For fuelbreak surface area, distance to animal shelter and mean steepness, the data were non-conclusive. Both goat and sheep flocks demonstrated their effectiveness in reducing fuel loads.

Published
2011
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33. Soil responses to different management practices in rainfed orchards in semiarid environments

Author

J.L. González-Rebollar, Antonio Sánchez-Navarro, A. B. Robles, M. E. Ramos, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), and Junta de Andalucía

Subjects
ved/biology, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Soil Science, Soil carbon, Biology, Soil type, Soil quality, Groundcover, Soil management, Tillage, Agronomy, Orchard, Cover crop, Agronomy and Crop Science, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Clean cultivation is a common practice in rainfed orchards; however, it may have detrimental effects on soil properties. This study examines the effect of different soil management systems on physical, chemical, and biochemical properties in a hypercalcic Calcisol in rainfed almond orchards (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) in SE Spain. Four types of soil management (main-plot treatments) were compared to a frequently tilled orchard system (FT: three or four tillages per year). The four types of soil management were: fencing (SF) of a flock of 130 sheep in 0.4 ha and grass cover was kept throughout the growing season; native vegetation (NV) that was allowed to grow; cover crop (CC) composed of legumes and crucifers; and reduced tillage (RT) comprising autumn and spring chisel ploughing. Each type of soil management was split into two grazing treatments (subplot treatments): with and without grazing. Our results supported the hypothesis that clean cultivation, i.e., FT, has deleterious effects on soil properties compared with managed groundcover. Compared with FT treatment, at the end of the experiment, the rest of treatments had higher wet aggregate stability (except the SF treatment), soil organic carbon (10.6 g kg−1 vs. 5.4 g kg−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT), total nitrogen (1.35 g kg−1 vs. 0.83 g kg−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT), available potassium (332 mg kg−1 vs. 187 mg kg−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT), and dehydrogenase (2.6 μg INTF g−1 h−1 vs. 1.9 μg INTF g−1 h−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT), arylsulphatase (12.8 μg PNP g−1 h−1 vs. 6.5 μg PNP g−1 h−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT), β-glucosidase (569 μg PNP g−1 h−1 vs. 300 μg PNP g−1 h−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT), and phosphatase activity (394 μg PNP g−1 h−1 vs. 220 μg PNP g−1 h−1, mean groundcover treatments vs. FT). Grazed plots had higher water content in soil (10 g H2O kg soil−1 vs. 9.4 g H2O kg soil−1, grazed vs. not grazed plots) and greater levels of arylsulphatase (12 μg PNP g−1 h−1 vs. 11 μg PNP g−1 h−1, grazed vs. not grazed plots), β-glucosidase (582 μg PNP g−1 h−1 vs. 491 μg PNP g−1 h−1, grazed vs. not grazed plots), and phosphatase activity (396 μg PNP g−1 h−1 vs. 345 μg PNP g−1 h−1, grazed vs. not grazed plots), in late spring, and this is attributed to the reduction of evapotranspiration and to the stimulation of root activity by means of plant defoliation. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, managements including grass cover improved physical, chemical and biological properties of soil compared with frequent tillage, particularly when grass was early removed by grazing., This work has been financed by Desarollo Agrario y Pesquero (Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca, Junta de Andalucía) through the project 92.162, and a FPU-MECD grant to M.E. Ramos.

Published
2011
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34. Tolerance to Anesthesia Depends on Synaptic Proteins

Author

Nigel S. Atkinson, Alfredo Ghezzi, Francisco J. Prado, Roseanna B. Robles, Yazan M. Al-Hasan, and Harish R. Krishnan

Subjects
Time Factors, Substance-Related Disorders, Mutant, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Synaptic vesicle, Article, Synapse, Anesthesiology, Drug tolerance, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Anesthesia, Genetics (clinical), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Anesthetics, Dynamin, Neurons, Mutation, Temperature, Drug Tolerance, Electrophysiology, Disease Models, Animal, Drosophila melanogaster, Ethylmaleimide, Synapses, Synaptic Vesicles, Synaptic signaling, Signal transduction, Neuroscience, Benzyl Alcohol, Signal Transduction
Abstract

The hypnotic effects of anesthetics are caused by their interactions with neuronal components vital for proper signaling. An understanding of the adaptive mechanisms that lead to the development of anesthetic tolerance can offer insight into the regulation of neuroexcitability and plasticity that alter behavioral output. Here we use genetic and pharmacological manipulation of Drosophila to investigate the mechanisms of tolerance to benzyl alcohol. The mutants tested were temperature-sensitive paralytics that interfere with neuronal signaling: two mutations in dynamin that affect vesicle recycling, shi ts1 and shi ts2, and one that affects the voltage-activated Na+ channel, para ts1. We also used N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) to pharmacologically interfere with synaptic function. We found that blocking the generation of action potentials using a temperature-sensitive paralytic mutation does not induce nor prevent the development of functional tolerance to benzyl alcohol, but that disruption of synaptic signaling using mutations in the dynamin gene or by NEM treatment inhibits the induction of tolerance.

Published
2011
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35. Ley-farming and seed dispersal by sheep: Two methods for improving fallow pastures in semiarid Mediterranean environments?

Author

J.L. González-Rebollar, A. B. Robles, and M. E. Ramos

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Seed dispersal, Sowing, Crop rotation, Biology, Pasture, Ley farming, Agronomy, Fodder, Grazing, Animal Science and Zoology, Weed, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Fallows constitute an important grazing source for livestock in semiarid environments. This work proposes two methods to improve fallow pastures quality in SE Spain consisting of (i) seeding a fallow (seeded fallow, SF) with a mixture of fodder species (Moricandia arvensis, Vicia ervilia and Medicago sativa cv. Aragon), and (ii) using sheep for introducing these fodder species in a fallow while manuring (“seeded-manured” fallow, SMF), this consisting of fencing sheep for 5 days, after seed ingestion, in a fallow plot. To evaluate the performance of these methods, we compared the yield, fodder quality, and botanical composition of the SF and SMF for two growing seasons (2006 and 2007). Biomass yield in 2006 was greater in the SMF than in the SF, but similar in 2007; additionally, moderate grazing in 2006 did not affect yield in 2007. Crude protein content was greater in SF whereas SMF had a higher lignin content. The species seeded in the SF showed a high self-reseeding ability as indicated by the decrease in weed percentage in 2006 (50%) with respect to 2007 (25%), V. ervilia being the most abundant. In SMF, weeds constituted from 94 (2007) to 99% (2006) of the total biomass, indicating low establishment success of the prescribed species from sheep dung. To assess the potential ability of sheep to introduce fodder species into fallows, we quantified seed recovery after gut passage and potential seedling establishment in greenhouse conditions was also examined. Low seed recovery and low seedling establishment were detected. M. arvensis registered the highest values of seed recovery (2.7%), while M. sativa and the highest seedling-establishment percentages under greenhouse conditions (0.49%). In conclusion, this study suggests that seeding a fallow with a mixture of fodder species, and using sheep for introducing these fodder species in a fallow while manuring may improve fallow pastures quality in semiarid Mediterranean environments. Nevertheless, hardseeded species should be used when introducing new high fodder quality species into pastures by means of livestock dejections.

Published
2010
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36. Cover crops under different managements vs. frequent tillage in almond orchards in semiarid conditions: Effects on soil quality

Author

A. B. Robles, Emilio Benitez, Pedro A. García, and M. E. Ramos

Subjects
Ecology, food and beverages, Soil Science, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Soil quality, Tillage, Soil management, No-till farming, Agronomy, Soil retrogression and degradation, Environmental science, Soil horizon, Soil fertility, Cover crop
Abstract

Frequent tillage has been widely used in rainfed orchards in SE Spain in order to impede weed establishment and to increase water reposition in the soil profile. However, this practice may lead to soil degradation by decreasing structural stability, organic carbon content and microbial activity. This work examines the effect of different cover crop managements and frequent tillage on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in almond orchards in SE Spain. Two cover crops (oat – Avena sativa L. and oat-vetch – Vicia sativa L.) with two fertilization managements (mineral and organic) and three harvesting regimes (grazing in mid May, hay in early June, and grain-straw in mid July) were compared to a frequently tilled orchard system (three or four tillages per year). Most parameters were sensitive to soil management. Wet aggregate stability, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen ratio, phosphatase, and β-glucosidase activities increased with cover crops, whereas the soil–water content declined, especially for the grain-straw treatment. The kind of fertilizer affected the available P content, which was higher for mineral fertilizer, and influenced the β-glucosidase activity, which augmented for the organic fertilizer. Livestock dejections depressed phosphatase activity, and increased WSC and available P. This study suggests that cover crops in semiarid environments improve soil quality compared to frequently tilled management, by increasing the organic matter content, improving the chemical and physical fertility of the soil, and enhancing the soil biological activity. Only higher water extraction by the plants could affect the orchard development and/or productivity; however, early cover crop removal would minimize possible yield losses.

Published
2010
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37. MYRISTICIN: INDUCER OF PHASE-II DRUG METABOLIZING ENZYMES AND PROSPECTIVE CHEMOPROTECTIVE AGENT AGAINST CANCER

Author

A. Cadena, V. Valdivia, A. Zapata, H. Ahmad, M. Amro, E. Martinez, B. Robles, W. S. Lai, A. Mancha, R. Gelman, and R. Patel

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemoprotective agent, Plant composition, Cancer, Horticulture, Pharmacology, Biology, medicine.disease, Myristicin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug metabolizing enzymes, Enzyme, chemistry, medicine, Inducer
Published
2009
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38. The realistic dose concept applied to radiological assessments in NORM industries

Author

J. C. Mora, C. Trueba, D. Cancio, and B. Robles

Subjects
Operations research, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Computer science, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Directive, Documentation, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Radiological weapon, Norm (mathematics), media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Waste Management and Disposal, media_common
Abstract

The Spanish law that transposes the European Directive 29/96 is based on the recommendations established by ICRP in 1991. This law requires that estimations of the doses due to radioactive emissions, from practices or installations in which ionising radiation sources are used, must be performed in a regular base and in the more realistic possible way. More recently, the ICRP, as well as the European Union, recommended that, in order to reach a realistic estimation, a gradual approach made by consecutive iterations should be made. However, in spite of the huge amount of documentation, realistic dose assessments are usually treated just for artificial radionuclides, being Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) industries only considered by regulation, regarding to the necessity of performing studies to determine if there is or is not a significant increase in the exposition to the workers or to the public. In this paper an adaptation of the general criteria used to carry on realistic dose assessments for the particular case of NORM is presented. Also the difficulties and implications, that applying such criteria involve, are analysed. In addition the main parameters, which could influence the uncertainty of the assessment, are discussed.

Published
2009
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39. Behaviour of natural radionuclides in coal combustion

Author

J.A. Corbacho, J. C. Mora, Antonio Baeza, B. Robles, and D. Cancio

Subjects
Radionuclide, Gypsum, Waste management, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, chemistry.chemical_element, Coal combustion products, engineering.material, Natural (archaeology), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Activity concentration, engineering, Environmental science, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Waste Management and Disposal, Carbon
Abstract

The study presented here, being its main goal to evaluate the behaviour of natural radionuclides in coal combustion, is part of a wider study carried out by CIEMAT and the University of Extremadura (UEX). The research is addressed to the radiological evaluation of the workers and the public as a result of the operation of the four biggest Spanish Coal-Fired Power Plants (CFPPs). Some generally used effects were confirmed in this study, as the difference in concentration of 210 Po in fly and bottom-ashes. Enrichment factors relative to 40 K as defined by UNSCEAR were found to be a little different than expected. 210 Po enrichment was found in gypsum (material obtained as a by-product in the desulphuration process). In order to confirm the assumption considered to explain difference in 232 Th activity concentration between bottom and fly ashes, carbon content was measured, obtaining that it should be reviewed.

Published
2009
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40. Photovoltaic/thermal solar hybrid system with bifacial PV module and transparent plane collector

Author

H. Canseco-Sánchez, R.C. Cornejo-Meza, Jesús González-Hernández, B. Robles-Ocampo, F. J. García-Rodríguez, E. Ruíz-Vasquez, G. Trápaga-Martínez, and Yu. V. Vorobiev

Subjects
Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Plane (geometry), Photovoltaic system, Flux, Solar energy, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector, Optics, Planar, Hybrid system, Thermal, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

Electric energy production with photovoltaic (PV)/thermal solar hybrid systems can be enhanced with the employment of a bifacial PV module. Experimental model of a PV/thermal hybrid system with such a module was constructed and studied. To make use of both active surfaces of the bifacial PV module, we designed and made an original water-heating planar collector and a set of reflecting planes. The heat collector was transparent in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions, which makes it compatible with the PV module made of crystalline Si. The estimated overall solar energy utilization efficiency for the system related to the direct radiation flux is of the order of 60%, with an electric efficiency of 16.4%.

Published
2007
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41. Effect of Nonprescribed Fire on anAtriplex lampaCommunity, in the Guadal Plateau of Mendoza Province, Argentina

Author

A. B. Robles, Liliana Inés Allegretti, and C. B. Passera

Subjects
Agroforestry, Atriplex lampa, ved/biology, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Soil Science, Species diversity, Herbaceous plant, Shrub, Shrub cover, Geography, Agronomy, Community composition, Carrying capacity, Hectare
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a single nonprescribed fire on species community composition, woody and herbaceous species diversity, carrying capacity, density of dominating shrubs, and their resprouting capacity after fire. For short and long-term evaluations, two sites were chosen in a private extensive cattle ranch: (1) unburned areas and (2) burned areas. The forage total cover before fire (initial stage) was 54%; this cover decreased in burned areas to 13% (1986) and to 25% (2000), mainly due to a reduction in forage shrub cover. The cover of Atriplex lampa (zampa), the dominant forage shrub, decreased from 17.0 to 0.20% in 1986 after fire, and 15 years later this value remains constant (0.33%). The same area showed a carrying capacity, expressed in hectares per large stock unit (LSU), of 10 ha LSU−1 by 1986 and 17 ha LSU−1 by 2000, whereas in unburned areas it was 7 ha LSU−1, similar to prewildfire. All selected species that had been cut, simulating the action of fir...

Published
2007
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42. Metagenomic assesment of the potential microbial nitrogen pathways in the rhizosphere of a Mediterranean forest after wildfire

Author

José F. Cobo-Díaz, A. B. Robles, Nicolás Toro, Pablo J. Villadas, Manuel Fernández-López, and Antonio José Fernández-González

Subjects
Denitrification, Incendios forestales, Nitrogen, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, Forests, Rizosfera, Fires, Quercus, Relaciones suelo-planta, Microbial ecology, Ecosystem, Nitrogen cycle, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Soil Microbiology, Rhizosphere, Ecology, Microbiota, Relaciones planta-microbio, chemistry, Spain, Nitrogen fixation, Metagenome, Ciclo del nitrógeno, Ecosistemas mediterráneos, Bacterias, Soil microbiology
Abstract

Wildfires are frecuent in the forest of the Mediterranean Basin and have greatly influenced this ecosystem. Changes to the physical and chemical properties of the soil, due to fire and post-fire conditions result in alterations of both the bacterial communities and the nitrgen cycle,. We explored the effetcs of a holm-oak forest wildfire on the rhizospheric bacterial communities involved in the nitrogen cycle. Metagenomic data of the genes involved in the nitrogen cycle showed that both the undistrubed and burned rhizospheres had a conservative nitrogen cycle with a larger number of sequences related to the nitrogen incorpotation pathways and lower number for nitrogen output. However, the burned rhizosphere showed a statistically significant increase in the number of sequences for nitrogen incorporation (allantoin utilization and nitrogen fixation) and a significantly lower number of sequences for denitrification and dissimilatory nitrite reductase subsystems, possibly in order to compensate for nitrogen loss from the soil after burning. The genetic potential for nitrogen incorporation into the ecosystems was assessed through the diversity of the nitrogenase reductase enzyme, wich is encoded by the nifH gene. We found that nifH gene diversity and richness were lower in burned than in undisturbed rhizospheric soils. The structure of the bacterial communities involved in the nitrogen cycle showed a statistically significant increase of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla after the wildfire. Both approaches showed the important role of Gram-positive bacteria in the ecosystem after a wilfire.

Published
2015

44. Efficiency of endozoochorous seed dispersal in six dry-fruited species (Cistaceae): from seed ingestion to early seedling establishment

Author

M. E. Ramos, Jorge Castro, and A. B. Robles

Subjects
Ecology, biology, Seed dispersal, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Plant Science, Cistaceae, biology.organism_classification, Helianthemum, Horticulture, Frugivore, Germination, Seedling, Botany, Cistus, Fumana
Abstract

We combined laboratory and nursery experiments to analyse the effectiveness of sheep as endozoochorous seed dispersers of six native shrubby Cistaceae species collected in SE Spain (Helianthemum apenninum (L.) Mill., H. violaceum (Cav.) Pers., Fumana ericoides (Cav.) Grand., F. thymifolia (L.) Spach, Cistus monspeliensis L. and C. laurifolius L.), considering the main stages after seed ingestion, i.e. seed recovery, seed germination, seedling emergence and early seedling establishment. Seed recovery after gut passage was high (around 40%) for all the species, except F. thymifolia (12%). Most seeds (ca. 90%) were recovered within 48 h after ingestion for all the species, although seeds were still recovered up to 96 h after ingestion. Gut passage increased germination up to seven-fold compared to non-ingested seeds. Furthermore, seedling emergence from seeds contained in pellets was overall similar (intact pellets) to or higher (crumbled pellets) than emergence from seeds without dung. Survival of emerged seedlings and mass of seedlings after 20 days were not reduced by dung. Sheep act therefore as effective dispersers of these Cistaceae species by scattering seeds and promoting germination, while faeces do not hamper seedling establishment. We conclude that the interaction between herbivorous ungulates and these dry-fruited species may be considered a mutualism qualitatively similar to the mutualism between frugivorous vertebrates and fleshy-fruited plants.

Published
2006
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45. Síndrome de Leigh con déficit de los complejos I, III y IV de la cadena respiratoria mitocondrial

Author

F. Goded Rambaud, J. Mallo Castaño, L. Castañón López, B. Herrero Mendoza, and B Robles García

Subjects
Mitochondrial respiratory chain, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Pediatric age, Mitochondrion, Neonatal Leigh disease, medicine.disease, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, RJ1-570, Functional disturbance, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, Effective treatment, Leigh disease, business, Complexes I, III and IV
Abstract

La enfermedad de Leigh es un trastorno clínicamente heterogéneo y poco frecuente en la edad pediátrica, que presenta una forma de herencia variable. Se origina por una anomalía genética que condiciona déficit de complejos enzimáticos produciendo una alteración funcional mitocondrial. El pronóstico es malo y carece de tratamiento eficaz. Se presenta el caso de un lactante de un mes con aparición precoz y rápida evolución, en el que se halló un déficit de complejos I, III y IV de la cadena respiratoria mitocondrial. : Leigh disease is a clinically heterogeneous and infrequent disorder in the pediatric age group. Inheritance is variable. It results from a genetic defect producing deficiencies in enzyme complexes and functional disturbance of the mitochondria. The prognosis is poor and effective treatment is lacking. We present the case of a 1-month-old boy with early manifestation and rapid progression of Leigh disease due to deficiency of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, III and IV.

Published
2005
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46. Coronilla juncea is both a nutritive fodder shrub and useful in the rehabilitation of abandoned Mediterranean marginal farmland

Author

L.I Allegretti, A. B. Robles, and C.B. Passera

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Ecology, ved/biology, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Forage, Biology, Mediterranean Basin, Shrub, Agronomy, Fodder, Germination, Botany, Dry matter, Scarification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Coronilla juncea is a leguminous shrub native to semi-arid regions of the Mediterranean Basin, particularly south-eastern Spain, and is browsed by livestock such as sheep and goats. We provide here information about this source of forage: allometric regression equations (phytovolume vs. total and forage phytomass), nutritive value and seed germination. The regression equations calculated were highly significant (r2= 0·86 for volume/total phytomass and 0·93 for volume/forage phytomass, p < 0·001). The values recorded for the in vitro digestibility of dry matter and organic matter were 65·93% and 62·13%, respectively. The optimum temperature for seed germination was 10°C. Scarification in goat rumen for 24 h increased the overall germination rate of fruit with pericarp although in sheep rumen overall germination decreased slightly. We suggest that this fodder shrub be included in programmes for land management and the rehabilitation of degraded semi-arid-to-arid ecosystems.

Published
2002
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47. Transfer of radionuclides to fruits : The activities of the biomass fruits working group

Author

C. Mourlon, A. Stewart, Z. Ould-Dada, Chris D. Collins, Igor Linkov, B. Robles, P. J. Coughtrey, F. Carini, R. Kinnersley, N. Green, C. J. Atkinson, J. M. Quinault, K. Eged, L. Sweeck, N.G. Mitchell, M. J. Fulker, and A. Venter

Subjects
Radionuclide, medicine.medical_specialty, Validation study, Waste management, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Conceptual model (computer science), food and beverages, Biomass, Model parameters, Toxicology, Radioecology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, medicine, Environmental science, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Waste Management and Disposal
Abstract

Given the potential radiological significance of the transfer of radionuclides to fruit, a Fruits Working Group was set up in 1997 within the framework of the Programme on BIOsphere Modelling and ASSessment (BIOMASS), promoted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and in co-operation with the International Union of Radioecology (IUR). The aim of this working group was to improve understanding of the processes affecting the migration of radionuclides in fruit systems and to identify uncertainties associated with modelling the transfer of radionuclides to fruit. The main activities of the Fruits Working Group included : (i) a review of experimental, field and modelling information on the transfer of radionuclides to fruit ; (ii) a derivation of a fruit conceptual model ; (iii) a database of model parameters ; (iv) a collection of additional information from experimental studies ; (v) model intercomparison studies ; and (vi) a validation study. This paper presents an overview of the main activities and results.

Published
2002
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49. OP9 – 2583: Phosphomanomutase deficiency (PMM2-CDG): Assessment of cerebellar dysfunction through ICARS

Author

Carmen Fons, C. Boix, B. Pérez, R. Velázquez, Jordi Muchart, F. Carratalá, V. de Diego, C. Pérez-Cerdá, P Póo, M. Girós, Maria del Mar O’Callaghan, Mercedes Serrano, A. Macaya, A. Felipe, Belén Pérez-Dueñas, Angeles Garcia-Cazorla, Rafael Artuch, and B. Robles

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Intelligence quotient, Intraclass correlation, General Medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Cronbach's alpha, Rating scale, Sample size determination, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Mann–Whitney U test, International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale, Neurology (clinical), Psychiatry, Psychology, Rank correlation
Abstract

Objective To assess the validity of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) in children and adolescents with genetically confirmed PMM2-CDG deficiency. Secondary objectives: To compare ICARS results with Nijmegen paediatric CDG rating scale (NPCRS), neuroimaging findings, intelligence quotient (IQ) and molecular data. Methods Observational study including 13 PMM2-CDG patients and 21 control subjects. Ethical permission and informed consents were obtained. Three independent child neurologists rated PMM2-CDG patients with the ICARS, whereas the NPCRS was administered by a single observer. All patients underwent brain MRI and midsaggital vermis relative diameter was obtained. Psychometric evaluations were available in 6 patients. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare ICARS between patients and controls. To evaluate inter-observer agreement in patients' ICARS, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated. ICARS Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test was used to correlate ICARS with NPCRS, midsaggital vermis relative diameter, and intelligence quotients (IQ). Results ICARS and ICARS subscores differed between patients and controls (p Conclusion ICARS is a reliable instrument for assessment of PMM2-CDG patients, without significant inter-rater variability. Despite limited sample size, results hint a good correlation between functional cerebellar assessment, IQ and neuroimaging data. ICARS may represent a valuable tool to evaluate therapeutic interventions on cerebellum dysfunction in PMM2-CDG patients.

Published
2015
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50. Short- and long-term effects of shrub management on vegetation in the Monte, Argentina

Author

A. B. Robles, C.B. Passera, and L.I Allegretti

Subjects
Ecology, ved/biology, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Species diversity, Herbaceous plant, Biology, Weed control, biology.organism_classification, Shrub, Diversity index, Agronomy, Plant cover, Weed, Larrea, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

A comparison was made of plant cover, carrying capacity and diversity in areas of Monte vegetation at the Biosphere Reserve of Nacunan, Mendoza, Argentina, in 1982, 1984 and 1995. Treatments applied in 1981 were: control (untreated plots), selective hand-cutting, roller-chopping, and root-plowing. By 1995, woody cover was lower in root-plowed plots (27%) than in the others treatments (41–51%), and herbaceous cover was similar in treated (28–39%) and untreated areas (26%). Carrying capacity of treated areas (6–8 ha per Large Stock Unit (LSU)) was higher than in the control areas (12 ha LSU−1). Woody species diversity, quantified by the Shannon index, for both areas was similar in the study period (0·62), except in root-plowed sites in 1982 (0·0) and 1995 (1·3). Herbaceous species diversity was similar on treated (0·81) and untreated sites (1·2) in 1995. We could recommend less drastic treatments to improve carrying capacity.

Published
1997
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