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Ultrastructural and molecular data are provided from a single adult female pentastomid opportunistically collected from a road-killed rattlesnake in Russell, KS. Ultrastructural data consisted of light and SEM microscopy of the pentastomid and its eggs, while molecular data consisted of partial 18S and 28S ribosomal sequences and a partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequence from the same specimen used for SEM. Ultrastructural and molecular data support generic identification of the pentastomid as Porocephalus sp. These molecular data were also used with previously published pentastomid sequence data for a concatenated phylogenetic analysis, which support the current, morphology-based taxonomic placement of the genus. Keywords: Pentastomida; Molecular Identification; Egg Structure; Tongue Worms; Porocephalus crotali, INTRODUCTION Pentastomids, sometimes called tongue worms, are highly modified parasitic crustaceans with a vermiform, often annulated abdomen, and a cephalothorax bearing a sucking mouth flanked by hooks (Riley 1986). There [...]

INTRODUCTION A handful of publications describe the termite abdomen, all from observations by light microscopy (Geyer, 1951; Matsuda, 1976; Tuxen, 1970; Belyaeva, 2006). Scanning electron microscopy could reveal morphological features [...]

The article discusses considerations for the surgical management of disorders involving the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles. Considerations that are recommended for surgeons before performing surgery include the receipt of a referral letter which specifies the patient's previous treatment and interventions, the consideration of a comprehensive history for the patient which includes psychosocial aspects, and the performance of a comprehensive physical examination which clearly documents several aspects of health including the range of mandibular motion, signs which could indicate temporomandibular dysfunction, and any sign of masticatory muscle pain.

Disc displacements (DD) of the temporomandibular joint were incorrectly referred to as internal derangements' in earlier publications. "Internal derangements" is essentially an orthopedic term for disorders believed to cause mechanical impediments to joint function, a fault that subsequently disturbs the normally smooth action of a joint. They are characterized by reducing or non-reducing disc displacements or other abnormalities in disc tissue position or morphology, which may lead to temporomandibular joint clicking and/or crepitus, and in some cases, pain and limitation in joint or jaw movement. Their diverse treatment has included intraoral splints (anterior positioning splints with stepping back and flat-plane splints, for example), medications eg, anti-inflammatory medication), physiotherapy, and surgery, which have yielded varying degrees of success. However, there is also evidence that some patients with DD may recover spontaneously. This underscores the need for a clear identification of the range of conditions, which demand different management strategies. The intent of this paper is to highlight currently available methods used for assessment and treatment of DD in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers a review of the clinical experiences with osseointegration of a multidisciplinary clinical research team from the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario. It states that certain implant materials are capable of inducing histological changes at the implant interface, which normally occur if the implants were not present. It focuses on the success of the dental implant technique used by scientist P. I. Brånemark, who uses unalloyed titanium for implants whose biocompatibility has been well established. It mentions that the clinical experience indicates that the introduction of the technique of osseointegration suggests the development of treatment plans which could reduce the role of both removable and fixed prostheses.