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384 results on '"BESTETTI, GIUSEPPINA"'

7. Electrobioremediation of oil spills

Author

Daghio, Matteo, Aulenta, Federico, Vaiopoulou, Eleni, Franzetti, Andrea, Arends, Jan B.A., Sherry, Angela, Suárez-Suárez, Ana, Head, Ian M., Bestetti, Giuseppina, and Rabaey, Korneel

Published
2017
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14. Adverse biological effects of Milan urban PM looking for suitable molecular markers of exposure

Author

Mantecca Paride, Gualtieri Maurizio, Longhin Eleonora, Bestetti Giuseppina, Palestini Paola, Bolzacchini Ezio, and Camatini Marina

Subjects
particulate matter, marker of toxicity, in vitro, in vivo, Chemical engineering, TP155-156, Chemical industries, HD9650-9663
Abstract

The results presented summarise the ones obtained in the coordinated research project Tosca, which extensively analysed the impact of Milan urban PM on human health. The molecular markers of exposure and effects of seasonally and size-fractionated PMs (summer and winter PM10, PM2.5) were investigated in in vitro (human lung cell lines) and in vivo (mice) systems. The results obtained by the analyses of cytotoxic, pro-inflammatory and genotoxic parameters demonstrate that the biological responses are strongly dependent upon the PM samples seasonal and dimensional variability, that ultimately reflect their chemical composition and source. In fact summer PM10, enriched in crustal elements and endotoxins, was the most cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory fraction, while fine winter PMs induced genotoxic effects and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (like CYP1B1) production, likely as a consequence of the higher content in combustion derived particles reach in PAHs and heavy toxic metals. These outcomes outline the need of a detailed knowledge of the PMs physico-chemical composition on a local scale, coupled with the biological hazard directly associated to PM exposure. Apparently this is the only way allowing scientists and police-makers to establish the proper relationships between the respirable PM quantity/quality and the health outcomes described by clinicians and epidemiologists.

Published
2012
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31. A new biocatalyst for production of optically pure aryl epoxides by styrene monooxygenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens ST

Author

Di Gennaro, Patrizia, Colmegna, Andrea, Galli, Enrica, Sello, Guido, Pelizzoni, Francesca, and Bestetti, Giuseppina

Subjects
Enzymes -- Research, Aromatic compounds, Epoxy compounds -- Research, Styrene -- Research, Oxidases -- Research, Pseudomonas fluorescens -- Genetic aspects, Bacterial genetics -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

A novel biocatalyst for synthesizing optically pure aryl epoxides has been developed by cloning the styrene monooxygenase genes styA and styB from Pseudomonas fluorescens ST. Several aryl vinyl and aryl ethenyl derivatives were oxidized by recombinant Escherichia coli to their respective optically pure epoxides. The bioconversions suggest that styrene monooxygenase exhibits a broad substrate preference as well as a potential for the formation of different fine chemicals.

Published
1999

33. Sequencing and functional analysis of styrene catabolism genes from Pseudomonas fluorescens ST

Author

Beltrametti, Frabrizio, Marconi, Andrea M., Bestetti, Giuseppina, Colombo, Cristiano, Galli, Enrica, Ruzzi, Maurizio, and Zennaro, Elisabetta

Subjects
Pseudomonas fluorescens -- Genetic aspects, Microbial metabolism -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The nucleotide sequence of the 4,377-bp chromosomal region of Pseudomonas fluorescens ST that codes for the oxidation of styrene to phenylacetic acid was identified. StyA was observed to be weakly homologous to p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from both P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa and to salicylate hydroxylase from P. putida. This indicated that it might be a flavin adenine dinucleotide-binding monooxygenase.

Published
1997

35. Cloning and characterization of styrene catabolism genes from Pseudomonas fluorescens ST

Author

Marconi, Andrea M., Beltrametti, Fabrizio, Bestetti, Giuseppina, Solinas, Francesca, Ruzzi, Maurizio, Galli, Enrica, and Zennaro, Elisabetta

Subjects
Pseudomonas fluorescens -- Observations, Microbial metabolism -- Research, Amino acid sequence -- Observations, Biological sciences
Abstract

The genes from Pseudomonas fluorescens ST, responsible for the initial steps of styrene degradation, are arranged in a cluster and appear to be encoded by the same DNA strand. Cloning of the genes reveals the presence of monooxygenase, epoxystyrene isomerase, and epoxystyrene reductase activities. The monooxygenase and epoxystyrene isomerase genes are present on the same DNA strand and their expression depends on the pTZ19 lacZp activity. The activity of the epoxystyrene reductase gene depends on an internal promoter.

Published
1996

38. Microbial desulfurization of ground tire rubber (GTR): Characterization of microbial communities and rheological and mechanical properties of GTR and natural rubber composites (GTR/NR)

Author

Tatangelo, V, Mangili, I, Caracino, P, Bestetti, G, Collina, E, Anzano, M, Branduardi, P, Posteri, R, Porro, D, Lasagni, M, Franzetti, A, Tatangelo, Valeria, Mangili, Ivan, Caracino, Paola, Bestetti, Giuseppina, Collina, Elena, Anzano, Manuela, Branduardi, Paola, Posteri, Riccardo, Porro, Danilo, Lasagni, Marina, Franzetti, Andrea, Tatangelo, V, Mangili, I, Caracino, P, Bestetti, G, Collina, E, Anzano, M, Branduardi, P, Posteri, R, Porro, D, Lasagni, M, Franzetti, A, Tatangelo, Valeria, Mangili, Ivan, Caracino, Paola, Bestetti, Giuseppina, Collina, Elena, Anzano, Manuela, Branduardi, Paola, Posteri, Riccardo, Porro, Danilo, Lasagni, Marina, and Franzetti, Andrea

Abstract

This study focused on the characterization of microbial communities during the desulfurization of ground tire rubber (GTR) by two bacterial strains i) Gordonia desulfuricans DSM 44462T, and ii) Rhodococcus sp. AF21875. Automated ribosomal inter-genic spacer analysis (ARISA), and high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons were used to analyze samples collected from the bioreactors over time to detect the persistence of the inoculated bacteria within the autochthonous communities, and to compare communities in the bioreactors. Furthermore, the abundance of total bacteria (16S rRNA gene) and biodesulfurization potential (dszA) were estimated using qPCR, in the bioreactors and on GTR before the treatment. ARISA showed that G. desulfuricans DSM 44462T was able to persist, while there is no clear evidence of Rhodococcus sp. AF21875 persistence into the bioreactor due to the presence of matching ARISA fragments in the untreated GTR. In both bioreactors, a high abundance of genus Gordonia and Rhodococcus was observed, with an increase of dszA copy numbers over time. Vulcanizates containing biodesulfurized GTRs showed better mechanical and rheological properties than an untreated GTR vulcanizate and even comparable with a natural rubber reference.

Published
2019

43. Bioelectrochemical BTEX removal at different voltages: assessment of the degradation and characterization of the microbial communities

Author

Daghio, M, Espinoza Tofalos, A, Leoni, B, Cristiani, P, Papacchini, M, Jalilnejad, E, Bestetti, G, Franzetti, A, Daghio, Matteo, Espinoza Tofalos, Anna, Leoni, Barbara, Cristiani, Pierangela, Papacchini, Maddalena, Jalilnejad, Elham, Bestetti, Giuseppina, Franzetti, Andrea, Daghio, M, Espinoza Tofalos, A, Leoni, B, Cristiani, P, Papacchini, M, Jalilnejad, E, Bestetti, G, Franzetti, A, Daghio, Matteo, Espinoza Tofalos, Anna, Leoni, Barbara, Cristiani, Pierangela, Papacchini, Maddalena, Jalilnejad, Elham, Bestetti, Giuseppina, and Franzetti, Andrea

Abstract

BTEX compounds (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylenes) are toxic hydrocarbons that can be found in groundwater due to accidental spills. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are an innovative technology to stimulate the anaerobic degradation of hydrocarbons. In this work, single chamber BESs were used to assess the degradation of a BTEX mixture at different applied voltages (0.8 V, 1.0 V, 1.2 V) between the electrodes. Hydrocarbon degradation was linked to current production and to sulfate reduction, at all the tested potentials. The highest current densities (about 200 mA/m2 with a maximum peak at 480 mA/m2) were observed when 0.8 V were applied. The application of an external voltage increased the removal of toluene, m-xylene and p-xylene. The highest removal rate constants at 0.8 V were: 0.4 ± 0.1 days−1, 0.34 ± 0.09 days−1 and 0.16 ± 0.02 days−1, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the microbial communities were characterized by high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Microorganisms belonging to the families Desulfobulbaceae, Desulfuromonadaceae and Geobacteraceae were enriched on the anodes suggesting that both direct electron transfer and sulfur cycling occurred. The cathodic communities were dominated by the family Desulfomicrobiaceae that may be involved in hydrogen production.

Published
2018

46. BTEX removal with bioelectrochemical systems

Author

DAGHIO, MATTEO, ESPINOZA TOFALOS, ANNA SPERANZA, LEONI, BARBARA, BESTETTI, GIUSEPPINA, FRANZETTI, ANDREA, Cristiani, P, Papacchini, M, Jalilnejad, E, Daghio, M, ESPINOZA TOFALOS, A, Leoni, B, Cristiani, P, Papacchini, M, Jalilnejad, E, Bestetti, G, and Franzetti, A

Subjects
Biormediation, Bioelectrochemical Systems, BTEX, Sulfur cycle, BIO/19 - MICROBIOLOGIA GENERALE
Abstract

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) are hazardous contaminants that can accidentally impact groundwater. Biological strategies can be used to remove BTEX compounds usually by adding oxygen to sustain the aerobic degradation. However, this approach can be expensive and technically difficult. The use of bioelectrochemical systems (BES) has been suggested as an alternative strategy. Anaerobic single chamber BES reactors (120 mL) have been set up using volcanic pumice as support material for the microbial growth and refinery wastewater as microbial inoculum. Graphite electrodes were connected to a power supply (external voltages of 0.8 V, 1.0 V and 1.2 V were applied over 160 days). A BTEX mixture was supplied as carbon source. Abiotic and open circuit controls were set up. Current production and sulphate reduction were associated to hydrocarbons degradation at all the potentials. The highest current output were observed at 0.8 V. The first order kinetic constants calculated for toluene, m-xylene and p-xylene were respectively 0.4 ± 0.1 days-1, 0.34 ± 0.09 days-1, 0.16 ± 0.02 days-1 at 0.8 V. Next generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the family Desulfobulbaceae was the most enriched in the anodic biofilms highlighting the importance of the sulphur cycle.

Published
2017

47. Temporal variability of bacterial communities in cryoconite on an alpine glacier

Author

FRANZETTI, ANDREA, GANDOLFI, ISABELLA, BESTETTI, GIUSEPPINA, AMBROSINI, ROBERTO, Navarra, F, Tagliaferri, I, Minora, U, Azzoni, R, Diolaiuti, G, Smiraglia, C, Franzetti, A, Navarra, F, Tagliaferri, I, Gandolfi, I, Bestetti, G, Minora, U, Azzoni, R, Diolaiuti, G, Smiraglia, C, and Ambrosini, R

Subjects
Bacteria, Italy, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Ice Cover, Metagenomics, Seasons, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Biota
Abstract

Cryoconite holes, that is, small ponds that form on glacier surface, are considered the most biologically active environments on glaciers. Bacterial communities in these environments have been extensively studied, but often through snapshot studies based on the assumption of a general stability of community structure. In this study, the temporal variation of bacterial communities in cryoconite holes on the Forni Glacier (Italian Alps) was investigated by high throughput DNA sequencing. A temporal change of bacterial communities was observed with autotrophic Cyanobacteria populations dominating communities after snowmelt, and heterotrophic Sphingobacteriales populations increasing in abundance later in the season. Bacterial communities also varied according to hole depth and area, amount of organic matter in the cryoconite and oxygen concentration. However, variation in environmental features explained a lower fraction of the variation in bacterial communities than temporal variation. Temporal change along ablation season seems therefore more important than local environmental conditions in shaping bacterial communities of cryoconite of the Forni Glacier. These findings challenge the assumption that bacterial communities of cryoconite holes are stable.

Published
2016

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