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Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) face many anthropogenic risks including illegal shooting, electrocution, collision with wind turbines and vehicles, and lead poisoning. Minimizing or offsetting eagle deaths resulting from human‐caused sources is often viewed as an important management objective. Despite understanding the leading anthropogenic sources of eagle fatalities, existing scientific research supports few practical solutions to mitigate these causes of death. We implemented a non‐lead ammunition distribution program in southeast Wyoming, USA, and evaluated its effectiveness as a compensatory mitigation action to offset incidental take (i.e., fatalities) of golden eagles at wind energy facilities. In 2020 and 2022, we distributed non‐lead ammunition to 699 hunters with big‐game tags specific to our >400,000‐ha study area. These hunters harvested 296 pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), 14 deer (Odocoileus spp.), and 33 elk (Cervus canadensis) in the study area, which accounted for 6.9% and 6.5% of the harvest in these hunt units in 2020 and 2022, respectively. We used road surveys in 2020 to estimate a density of 0.036 (95% CI = 0.018–0.058) golden eagles/km2 during the big game hunting season in our study area. Model output suggests that our non‐lead ammunition distribution program offset the fatality of 3.84 (95% CI = 1.06–23.72) eagles over the course of these 2 hunting seasons. Our work illustrates the potential usefulness of non‐lead ammunition distribution programs as an action to mitigate eagle fatalities caused by wind facilities or other anthropogenic causes of death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the image of the Altai Mountains in English travelogues from the second half of the 19th to the early 20th centuries within the context of Orientalism discourses. During the imperial period, this territory of Western Siberia belonged to the category of the so-called “cabinet lands” through which Russian trade with China passed, yet it was poorly developed by the Russian state. From the mid-19th to the early 20th century, Western European discourses exhibited a persistent interest in the Altai Mountains, particularly its southern part, where the Russo-Chinese border ran, populated by Mongols, Kazakhs, and Altaians. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate not only the reasons for such interest but also the main narratives that were formed about this land within the context of cultural and political processes. The work of P. A. Chikhachev, Journey to the Eastern Altai, written in French and published in Paris, shaped the primary concepts of the Altai Mountains — as of the Second Switzerland, little known to Europeans, and inhabited by savages at the lowest stage of civilization. In the early 20th century, English travelogues by Thomas and Lucy Atkinson, E. Demidov, and H. Swayne revealed another aspect of the wild Altai — as of the area for free hunting and self-realization for European aristocrats on the Russo-Mongolian border. This firmly established the stereotype of the southern Altai as a typologically Eastern “terra incognita” inhabited by Orientalized Russians and Asian savages.

While the number of hunters is declining nationally, the demand for big game hunting opportunities in the western United States remains strong. This essay examines big game permit allocation processes in several western states and suggests the status of wildlife is shifting from a public trust resource to a commercial product. As trustees of a public resource, many state wildlife agencies allocate limited big game hunting permits via a random drawing, a method that promotes fairness in the distribution of permits. In recent decades, however, some western states have implemented programs designed to provide guaranteed permits to outfitters or their clients, which goes against the idea of wildlife being a public trust resource. In these situations, the government is effectively subsidizing the outfitting industry. These practices need to end, as state wildlife agencies have a legal obligation to manage wildlife for the public's benefit, not private business interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Zambezi region in north-eastern Namibia is located at the centre of the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA TFCA), an area that is endowed with a great variety of wildlife and managed not only to protect this asset but also to promote its proliferation and economic utilisation. In this contribution I consider the notion of hunting in Namibia and explore the realms of local hunting and trophy hunting from the turn of the twentieth century until today. Starting my journey with the depiction of hippo hunting in colonial times, I explore how a hunting narrative was created along the spectacle of hunting big game. Besides the glorification of hippopotami amongst white hunters and early European travellers, the modification of hunting practices that occurred alongside the reconnaissance of this region in the early twentieth century resulted in strong pressures on hippo populations — and wildlife more generally — and led to the strict regulation of all hunting practices in favour of trophy hunting and at the expense of local hunting. This colonial trajectory of hunting has played a major role in the planning and implementation of a conservation landscape that has strong effects on local livelihoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the fall season each year, recreationists travel to rural regions across the United States to engage in hunting activities. While there are many reasons for hunting including the acquisition of food, social camaraderie, and enjoyment of nature, the possibility of obtaining a trophy specimen represents a powerful inducement for hunters to participate in a long-standing tradition. This essay analyzes the quest for trophy big game in contemporary American society from a sociological perspective and suggests that several factors have converged in recent decades that promote and encourage trophy hunting of nonhuman animals in the United States, including mass and social media, the hunting industry, and the commercialization of wildlife. The pursuit of trophy big game is an obsession for some hunters and contributes to the perpetuation of the hunting industry. Implications and risks of trophy hunting for the viability of sport hunting as a traditional recreational pursuit are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hunting is one of the main uses associated with land which, in the current context, has a strong economic significance for rural areas. This work generates knowledge that can be useful for designing strategies that favour the economic dynamisation of rural areas, in a context of population loss and scarce economic diversification. In this sense and based on the results of a survey of hunters (N = 1662), the objectives of the work are first to analyse the territorial distribution and abundance of big game species in Spain and secondly, to examine the existence of correlations, between hunters' income, hunters' gender and preferences for certain big game species. This analysis is based on primary and secondary sources and its characteristics are explained in the methodology section. Univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics were used, specifically the chi-square contingency test, which allows us to determine the relationship of dependence between two variables. We found that female hunters showed greater interest than their male counterparts in hunting big game species, and the same interest was found in hunters with higher income level regardless of their gender. Our results may help to design and develop socio-economic strategies related to supply and demand hunting activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presented here are the results of archaeoparasitological analysis of habitation layers at Shag River Mouth, Otago coast. Two types of helminth eggs were identified: The first type is Toxocara canis, associated with the introduced kurī dog (Canis familiaris), which could have adversely affected local people and their dogs. The other type very closely resembles that of Stringopotaenia psittacea, associated with the critically endangered endemic kākāpō (Strigops habroptilus) parrot. The results represent the first South Island archaeo parasitological identifications. There was no starch or associated material in the samples, such as introduced Polynesian crops and indigenous starchy Māori food plants. This lack is consistent with the interpretation of the site as that of a transient village focused on big game hunting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a review of two books: "Large-Scale Traps of the Great Basin" and "Sourcing Archaeological Lithic Assemblages: New Perspectives and Integrated Approaches." The review highlights the main topics and findings of each book. "Large-Scale Traps of the Great Basin" discusses the ancient practice of large animal capture by Indigenous peoples in the Great Basin region of North America. The book provides information on trap design, target species, and the history of archaeological research on this topic. "Sourcing Archaeological Lithic Assemblages" focuses on the methods and techniques used by archaeologists to characterize different types of lithic raw materials. The book includes examples from various global contexts and emphasizes the complexities of chert sourcing. Overall, both books provide valuable insights into ancient hunting practices and lithic provenance studies. [Extracted from the article]

Montana has long been known for the big game hunting opportunities it provides both residents and nonresidents. This may change in the future, as the state confronts a number of challenging issues that pose a serious threat to its long-standing hunting culture. This paper examines key changes that have occurred in recent years involving population and technology, landownership and access, and politics and license allocation. The potential impacts of these issues on the hunting experience are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terry published work with his fellow graduate students J. Knox Jones, Jr. James S. Findley, and Philip H. Krutzsch (3, 7, 8, 11) on projects related to Hall's main interests in the systematics and distribution of North American mammals, but Terry's interests in bat flight were well outside of Hall's areas of expertise. Bibliography of the Published Works of Terry A. Vaughan Vaughan T.A. 1952. The longer NAU expedition in 1973-1974 consisted of Terry and his family (Hazel, Matt, Tony, and Marti), Sherry O'Shea as tutor to the Vaughan children, and graduate students O'Shea (bats), Dick Bowker (reptiles and amphibians), Margie Bowker (dik-diks), and recent graduate Tom Huels (birds). Dr. Terry A. Vaughan passed away at the age of 94 on 9 August 2022 at his home in Rimrock, Arizona, after suffering a stroke during his long convalescence from COVID-19. [Extracted from the article]

One way the legal system helps to maintain a cooperative society is by establishing and enforcing resource-sharing arrangements. These are "resource-sharing laws." Four insights emerge from exploring connections between evolutionary psychology and resource-sharing laws. First, our evolved predispositions to act prosocially and to prefer fair division make it easier to use the law as a tool to share resources. Second, the polygyny prohibition illuminates unique contributions resource-sharing laws can make to the other norms and institutions that facilitate sharing resources. Third, the resource-sharing challenges that arise in hunting big game, a formative endeavor in shaping human behavior, can help to explain the emergence of a predisposition to rely on legal systems to organize social behavior more generally. Fourth, identifying the resource-sharing challenges embedded in market transactions helps to explain the nuanced relationship between prosociality and transactions with strangers. Together these insights demonstrate why law's role as tool to share resources is an important new context in which to explore the role law plays in the development and maintenance of a cooperative society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carrion production is one of the most crucial yet neglected and understudied processes in food webs and ecosystems. In this study, we performed a large-scale estimation of the maximum potential production and spatial distribution of ungulate carrion biomass from five major sources in peninsular Spain, both anthropogenic (livestock, big game hunting, roadkills) and natural (predation, natural mortality). Using standardized ungulate carrion biomass (kg/year/100km2) estimates, we evaluated the relationship between ungulate carrion production and two ecosystem-level factors: global human modification (GHM) and primary productivity (NDVI). We found that anthropogenic carrion sources supplied about 60 times more ungulate carrion biomass than natural sources (mean = 90,172 vs. 1533 kg/year/100km2, respectively). Within anthropogenic carrion sources, livestock was by far the major carrion provider (91.1% of the annual production), followed by big game hunting (7.86%) and roadkills (0.05%). Within natural carrion sources, predation of ungulates provided more carrion (0.81%) than natural mortality (0.13%). Likewise, we found that the spatial distribution of carrion differed among carrion sources, with anthropogenic carrion being more aggregated in space than natural carrion. Our models showed that GHM was positively related to carrion production from livestock and roadkills, and that wild ungulate carrion supplied by natural sources and big game hunting was more frequently generated in more productive areas (higher NDVI). These findings indicate a disconnection between the main ungulate carrion source (livestock) and primary productivity. Ongoing socio-economic changes in developed countries (for example increase of intensive livestock husbandry and rewilding processes) could lead to additional alteration of carrion production processes, with potential negative impacts at the community and ecosystem levels. Overall, we highlight that carrion biomass quantification should be considered a crucial tool in evaluating ecosystem health and delineating efficient ecosystem management guidelines in the Anthropocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first document, titled "Sourcing Archaeological Lithic Assemblages: New Perspectives and Integrated Approaches," provides an overview of various methods used by archaeologists to study lithic materials. The book includes examples from different global contexts and emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary research. The second document, titled "Power and Identity at the Margins of the Ancient Near East," is a collection of conference proceedings that explores the interconnections between power and identity in the ancient Near East. The book focuses on regions that are on the periphery of powerful entities. Both documents offer valuable insights for researchers interested in these topics. [Extracted from the article]

The Court of Justice of the European Union has allowed Member States to prohibit the cultivation of genetically modified organisms to prevent the accidental presence of GMOs in other products. The Constitutional Court of Spain has declared unconstitutional Article 60.2 of the Law on Prevention, Quality, and Environmental Control of the Valencian Community, which establishes positive administrative silence in the granting of environmental licenses. In addition, the Court has annulled several points of the hunting law of Castilla y León that considered the wolf as a game species for big game hunting. They have also ruled on other cases related to the return of greenhouse gas emission rights and the environmental assessment of urban planning plans. The Superior Court of Justice of Castilla-La Mancha has declared a Specific Amendment null and void due to the omission of an essential procedural step. In Navarra, the Superior Court of Justice has dismissed an appeal against the municipal resolution on classified activity for a gravel exploitation project in Buñuel. In Asturias, the Court has dismissed the challenge to a Resolution that denied authorization to modify a power plant in an area where different rivers converge. Additionally, it is mentioned that the Regulation on Annoying, Unhealthy, Harmful, and Dangerous Activities (RAMINP) is applicable in Asturias and that municipalities cannot apply their own criteria that exclude the need to obtain a license for livestock activities in the absence of development of the RAMINP by the regional legislator. [Extracted from the article]

During the 18th century, big game hunting was a practice reserved for the dominant social classes, for reasons of prestige and distinction from other people. However, this hunting model shared the limelight with other types of hunting in which different purposes were pursued. Under these premises, the aim of this work is twofold. On the one hand, to analyse the territorial distribution of big game hunting species at the end of the 18th century, based on the data provided by a far-reaching historical source (Interrogatorio de la Real Audiencia de Extremadura of 1792) and, on the other hand, to establish a comparison with the current distribution of big game hunting reserves located in grassland areas. The material used comes from the Interrogatorio de la Real Audiencia de Extremadura of 1792, consisting of 10 volumes. Specifically, the answers given to question 57 were used, with the information from which a database was constructed, and the results and discussion were prepared. In particular, the answers given to question 57 have been used, with whose information a database was constructed, a semantic analysis was made and the information was implemented in a GIS project. The results show that, in comparative terms with the current reality, it is confirmed that big game species occupy the same territory, with a high coincidence with extensive dehesa areas in Extremadura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change will shift the composition of northern Minnesota forests from boreal to temperate by the end of the century. This shift in forest composition will likely affect outdoor recreation, a valuable ecosystem service and a key economic driver for the region. In this context, the objective of our paper is to empirically examine the relationship between forest composition and recreation. We analyze the effect of changes in forest composition for seven forest types on seven types of recreation using a lognormal pooled panel regression model for Minnesota's Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Earlier research showed forest composition affected recreation at the level of broad groups of broadleaved or coniferous species. We find a statistically significant empirical association between forest composition and recreation at the forest type level (forest types within those broad groups). This relationship varies across forest types and recreation categories. For example, big game hunting is positively related to elm-ash-cottonwood and white-red-jack pine and negatively associated with aspen-birch. We find individual forest types within broad groups of broadleaved or coniferous forests, have different relationships with recreation, so that these broad groups are not sufficient in capturing the effect of forest composition on recreation. Our results are of interest in the context of current shifts in forest composition caused by climate change, which could also affect recreation. Our findings suggest adding a forest composition lens to existing policies could facilitate strategies for more effective recreation management and climate change adaptation. • Forest composition has a statistically significant effect across recreation types. • Individual forest types within broad groups have different effects on recreation. • The same forest type has different effects on different types of recreation. • Adding a forest composition lens can improve climate change adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with anthropologist Richard Wrangham is presented. Wrangham talks about his interest in the community arrangements of chimpanzees, their social structure and behavior. He discusses the link of cooking and the genus Homo to the goodness paradox and the application of mimetic theory of desire to collective hunting and group violence upon animals. He criticizes the hypothesis of sacrificial murders and its intersection into the coalitionary killing hypothesis.

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