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This article is an attempt to investigate the divergences in meaning of the variants of English spoken worldwide under the semantic and structural perspective. From the philosophical standpoint, the identity/alterity dichotomy and/or unity is applicable to the scope of this article in that structural convergence falls under the definition of identity, whereas the semantic divergence is defined by the philosophical category of alterity. It is well-known that due to several factors as geographical isolation, cultural identity, regional features, along with others, have led to the development of new connotations ranging from shades of meaning to utterly novel significances, which may puzzle both native speakers originating from other regions or the non-native speakers. One of the aims of the present article is to elucidate the different meanings ascribed to the same words or structures in relation to the variants of English spoken in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia, and a special emphasis has been put on the underlying differences between British and American concepts that may lead to ambiguities, which subsequently may grow into misunderstandings. Another aspect that we have considered here is the translation into Romanian of sentences containing such structures with differing concepts depending on the region where it is used. The third focus of this paper is to provide meaningful recommendations to the translators and/or language learners on avoiding the translation traps and correctly get the message of the sentence where a regionalism has been in use, or on being able to timely identify the non-standard meaning of the word. Nevertheless, the multiplicity of meanings attributed to English structures worldwide (alterity) is thought of as an asset rather than a loophole not only by linguists who study the incongruent-pace evolution of English in different corners of the world, but by the native speakers as well. Incidentally, thinkers as Levinas, Castoriadis, and Baudrillard describe the alterity as a transcendent phenomenon stimulating diversity, and hence, progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an attempt to address the subject of polysemy and synonymy in the terminological systems of English and Romanian languages. It is well known that terminological units are words, i.e. terms that have an exact reference in the source language, and their translation are committed to focus on the same dimension in the target language. Yet, this desideratum is not fully respected, this is due to the fact that the terminology is subject to the phenomenon of very active polysemy and synonymy. The factors related to this occurrence are many, nevertheless we consider that the most important feature of the synonymy and polysemy is that new terms are coined form already existing words via different means as suffixation, agglutination, change in the meaning, etc. The research below is an effort to classify the types of synonyms and their influence on the incidence of polysemy. The purpose of this research is to detect the cases of polysemy and synonymy by bringing examples of translation into Romanian and Russian and to give translators practical advice in order to avoid the pitfalls stretched by the phenomena described in the study that we have conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with the problem of the subjunctive mood in French as well as with its interchange with the indicative mood. Both intralinguistic and extralinguistic aspects of subjunctive-indicative interchange have been considered. The author brings some linguists' opinions about the subjunctive mood and its interchange with other grammatical moods, especially with the indicative mood. The article contains two tables with different possible combinations of the dual subjunctive- indicative use. The author believes this paper will be useful for the ones who might encounter difficulties in translating sentences containing subjunctive mood. The author's work also brings possibilities to perform translations of the sentences involving subjunctive mood not only from French into Romanian, the inverse is also possible due to the in-depth study of the phenomenon of interchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]