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547 results on '"BOLZACCHINI, EZIO"'

3. On the Chemical Composition and Hygroscopicity of Aerosols Deposited on the Insulators of Italian Power Lines

Author

Gini, Irene, primary, Balzarini, Alessandra, additional, Pirovano, Guido, additional, Toppetti, Anna Maria, additional, Fialdini, Lucio, additional, Omodeo, Paolo, additional, Pirovano, Giovanni, additional, Marzinotto, Massimo, additional, Mancini, Alessandro, additional, Losi, Niccolò, additional, Cefalì, Amedeo Manuel, additional, Doldi, Andrea, additional, Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional, and Ferrero, Luca, additional

Published
2023
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5. Anthropic Settlements’ Impact on the Light-Absorbing Aerosol Concentrations and Heating Rate in the Arctic

Author

Losi, Niccolò, Markuszewski, Piotr, Rigler, Martin, Gregorič, Asta, Močnik, Griša, Drozdowska, Violetta, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Zielinski, Tymon, Pakszys, Paulina, Kitowska, Malgorzata, Cefali, Amedeo Manuel, Gini, Irene, Doldi, Andrea, Cerri, Sofia, Maroni, Pietro, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Ferrero, Luca, Losi, Niccolò, Markuszewski, Piotr, Rigler, Martin, Gregorič, Asta, Močnik, Griša, Drozdowska, Violetta, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Zielinski, Tymon, Pakszys, Paulina, Kitowska, Malgorzata, Cefali, Amedeo Manuel, Gini, Irene, Doldi, Andrea, Cerri, Sofia, Maroni, Pietro, Bolzacchini, Ezio, and Ferrero, Luca

Abstract

Light-absorbing aerosols (LAA) impact the atmosphere by heating it. Their effect in the Arctic was investigated during two summer Arctic oceanographic campaigns (2018 and 2019) around the Svalbard Archipelago in order to unravel the differences between the Arctic background and the local anthropic settlements. Therefore, the LAA heating rate (HR) was experimentally determined. Both the chemical composition and high-resolution measurements highlighted substantial differences between the Arctic Ocean background (average eBC concentration of 11.7 ± 0.1 ng/m3) and the human settlements, among which the most impacting appeared to be Tromsø and Isfjorden (mean eBC of 99.4 ± 3.1 ng/m3). Consequently, the HR in Isfjorden (8.2 × 10−3 ± 0.3 × 10−3 K/day) was one order of magnitude higher than in the pristine background conditions (0.8 × 10−3 ± 0.9 × 10−5 K/day). Therefore, we conclude that the direct climate impact of local LAA sources on the Arctic atmosphere is not negligible and may rise in the future due to ice retreat and enhanced marine traffic.

Published
2023
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6. Physico-Chemical Characterization of Emissions from Braking Operation

Author

BOLZACCHINI, EZIO GIOVANNI, Mancini, A, MALUSA', MARCO GIOVANNI, GRECO, CLAUDIO, MANCINI, ALESSANDRO, BOLZACCHINI, EZIO GIOVANNI, Mancini, A, MALUSA', MARCO GIOVANNI, GRECO, CLAUDIO, and MANCINI, ALESSANDRO

Abstract

La tesi esplora le correlazioni fra composizione chimica del particolato emesso in frenata e alcuni fattori quali: i) le combinazioni di materiali che compongono l'interfaccia tribologica; ii) le condizioni di guida; iii) le frazioni dimensionali in cui vengono prodotti i particolati, This thesis reports on the correlations between the compositional features of the particulates produced by brakes and several determining or modulating factors, such as: i) The starting material composing the friction couple; ii) the driving conditions; and iii) the dimensional fractions in which the particulates are generated and emitted.

Published
2023

10. Airborne microplastics over the Baltic: the role of sea-spray emission

Author

Ferrero, Luca, Scibetta, Lorenzo, Markuszewski, Piotr, Mazurkiewicz, Mikolaj, Drozdowska, Violetta, Makuch, Przemysław, Jutrzenka-Trzebiatowska, Patrycja, Zaleska-Medynska, Adriana, Andò, Sergio, Saliu, Francesco, Nilsson, Douglas E., and Bolzacchini, Ezio

Subjects
atmosphere, sea spray, microplastic
Abstract

The concentrations of both atmospheric and marine MPs were measured over the Baltic along a research cruise that started in the Gdansk harbour, till the Gotland Island, and during the way back. A "Deposition box" was used to collect airborne MPs. Marine MPs concentrations were investigated during the cruise using a dedicated HydroBios microplastic 300 µm mesh net. MPs images were recorded both using optical camera Leica ICC50W installed on a dedicated Leica DM750P microscope allowing the quantification of microparticle length and width. Results showed airborne microplastics average concentrations higher in the Gdansk harbour (161±75 m-3) compared to the open Baltic Sea and to the Gotland Island (24±9 and 45±20 m-3). These latter values are closer to the ones measured in the sea (79±18 m-3). The MPs composition was investigated using µ-Raman (for the airborne ones) and FTIR (for marine ones after dissolution of organic matter via H2O2); similar results (e.g. polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalates, polyurethane, polystyrene) were found in the two environmental compartments. Airborne and marine MPs were characterised by similar colours: blue/black, transparent and red fibres. Moreover, airborne and marine MPs appeared correlated (R2=0.89) when considering the simultaneous available measurements and they were characterised by the same average width (17±2 and 18±5 µm, respectively) but different length (427±59 and 2060±1970 µm) suggesting that in case of sea emission of MPs only the shorter ones can remain suspended in the atmosphere. The atmospheric MPs' equivalent aerodynamic diameter was calculated (28±3 µm) showing the capability of atmospheric MPs to remain suspended in the air once emitted from the sea. The estimated MPs sea emission fluxes of MPs volume (4-18*106 µm3 m-2 s-1 range) showed the contemporary presence of atmospheric transport together with a continuous emission from the sea. Also see: https://micro2022.sciencesconf.org/427347/document, In MICRO 2022, Online Atlas Edition: Plastic Pollution from MACRO to nano

Published
2022
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16. Adverse biological effects of Milan urban PM looking for suitable molecular markers of exposure

Author

Mantecca Paride, Gualtieri Maurizio, Longhin Eleonora, Bestetti Giuseppina, Palestini Paola, Bolzacchini Ezio, and Camatini Marina

Subjects
particulate matter, marker of toxicity, in vitro, in vivo, Chemical engineering, TP155-156, Chemical industries, HD9650-9663
Abstract

The results presented summarise the ones obtained in the coordinated research project Tosca, which extensively analysed the impact of Milan urban PM on human health. The molecular markers of exposure and effects of seasonally and size-fractionated PMs (summer and winter PM10, PM2.5) were investigated in in vitro (human lung cell lines) and in vivo (mice) systems. The results obtained by the analyses of cytotoxic, pro-inflammatory and genotoxic parameters demonstrate that the biological responses are strongly dependent upon the PM samples seasonal and dimensional variability, that ultimately reflect their chemical composition and source. In fact summer PM10, enriched in crustal elements and endotoxins, was the most cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory fraction, while fine winter PMs induced genotoxic effects and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (like CYP1B1) production, likely as a consequence of the higher content in combustion derived particles reach in PAHs and heavy toxic metals. These outcomes outline the need of a detailed knowledge of the PMs physico-chemical composition on a local scale, coupled with the biological hazard directly associated to PM exposure. Apparently this is the only way allowing scientists and police-makers to establish the proper relationships between the respirable PM quantity/quality and the health outcomes described by clinicians and epidemiologists.

Published
2012
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24. Chemistry of the Brake Emissions: Influence of the Test Cycle

Author

Mancini, Alessandro, primary, Tsyupa, Bozhena, additional, Pin, Sonia, additional, Bandiera, Marco, additional, Bertasi, Federico, additional, Federici, Matteo, additional, Bonfanti, Andrea, additional, Perricone, Guido, additional, Gigli, Lara, additional, and Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional

Published
2021
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26. Determination of Aethalometer multiple-scattering enhancement parameters and impact on source apportionment during the winter 2017/18 EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL campaign in Milan

Author

Bernardoni, Vera, primary, Ferrero, Luca, additional, Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional, Forello, Alice Corina, additional, Gregorič, Asta, additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Močnik, Griša, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Rigler, Martin, additional, Santagostini, Luca, additional, Soldan, Francesca, additional, Valentini, Sara, additional, Valli, Gianluigi, additional, and Vecchi, Roberta, additional

Published
2021
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28. Study of Chemical and Optical Properties of Biomass Burning Aerosols during Long-Range Transport Events toward the Arctic in Summer 2017

Author

Zielinski, T, Bolzacchini, E, Cataldi, M, Ferrero, L, Graßl, S, Hansen, G, Mateos, D, Mazzola, M, Neuber, R, Pakszys, P, Posyniak, M, Ritter, C, Severi, M, Sobolewski, P, Traversi, R, Velasco-Merino, C, Zielinski, Tymon, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Cataldi, Marco, Ferrero, Luca, Graßl, Sandra, Hansen, Georg, Mateos, David, Mazzola, Mauro, Neuber, Roland, Pakszys, Paulina, Posyniak, Michal, Ritter, Christoph, Severi, Mirko, Sobolewski, Piotr, Traversi, Rita, Velasco-Merino, Christian, Zielinski, T, Bolzacchini, E, Cataldi, M, Ferrero, L, Graßl, S, Hansen, G, Mateos, D, Mazzola, M, Neuber, R, Pakszys, P, Posyniak, M, Ritter, C, Severi, M, Sobolewski, P, Traversi, R, Velasco-Merino, C, Zielinski, Tymon, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Cataldi, Marco, Ferrero, Luca, Graßl, Sandra, Hansen, Georg, Mateos, David, Mazzola, Mauro, Neuber, Roland, Pakszys, Paulina, Posyniak, Michal, Ritter, Christoph, Severi, Mirko, Sobolewski, Piotr, Traversi, Rita, and Velasco-Merino, Christian

Abstract

Biomass burning related aerosol episodes are becoming a serious threat to the radiative balance of the Arctic region. Since early July 2017 intense wildfires were recorded between August and September in Canada and Greenland, covering an area up to 4674 km2 in size. This paper describes the impact of these biomass burning (BB) events measured over Svalbard, using an ensemble of ground-based, columnar, and vertically-resolved techniques. BB influenced the aerosol chemistry via nitrates and oxalates, which exhibited an increase in their concentrations in all of size fractions, indicating the BB origin of particles. The absorption coefficient data (530 nm) at ground reached values up to 0.6 Mm-1, highlighting the impact of these BB events when compared to average Arctic background values, which do not exceed 0.05 Mm-1. The absorption behavior is fundamental as implies a subsequent atmospheric heating. At the same time, the AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data showed high values at stations located close to or in Canada (AOD over 2.0). Similarly, increased values of AODs were then observed in Svalbard, e.g., in Hornsund (daily average AODs exceeded 0.14 and reached hourly values up to 0.5). Elevated values of AODs were then registered in Sodankyla and Andenes (daily average AODs exceeding 0.150) a few days after the Svalbard observation of the event highlighting the BB columnar magnitude, which is crucial for the radiative impact. All the reported data suggest to rank the summer 2017 plume of aerosols as one of the biggest atmosphere related environmental problems over Svalbard region in last 10 years.

Published
2020

29. Study of Chemical and Optical Properties of Biomass Burning Aerosols during Long-Range Transport Events toward the Arctic in Summer 2017

Author

Zielinski, Tymon, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Cataldi, M., Ferrero, Luca, Graßl, Sandra, Hansen, G., Mateos, David, Mazzola, Mauro, Neuber, Roland, Pakszys, Paulina, Posyniak, M., Ritter, Christoph, Severi, Mirko, Sobolewski, Piotr, Traversi, Rita, Velasco-Merino, C., Zielinski, Tymon, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Cataldi, M., Ferrero, Luca, Graßl, Sandra, Hansen, G., Mateos, David, Mazzola, Mauro, Neuber, Roland, Pakszys, Paulina, Posyniak, M., Ritter, Christoph, Severi, Mirko, Sobolewski, Piotr, Traversi, Rita, and Velasco-Merino, C.

Abstract

Biomass burning related aerosol episodes are becoming a serious threat to the radiative balance of the Arctic region. Since early July 2017 intense wildfires were recorded between August and September in Canada and Greenland, covering an area up to 4674 km2 in size. This paper describes the impact of these biomass burning (BB) events measured over Svalbard, using an ensemble of ground-based, columnar, and vertically-resolved techniques. BB influenced the aerosol chemistry via nitrates and oxalates, which exhibited an increase in their concentrations in all of size fractions, indicating the BB origin of particles. The absorption coefficient data (530 nm) at ground reached values up to 0.6 Mm–1, highlighting the impact of these BB events when compared to average Arctic background values, which do not exceed 0.05 Mm–1. The absorption behavior is fundamental as implies a subsequent atmospheric heating. At the same time, the AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data showed high values at stations located close to or in Canada (AOD over 2.0). Similarly, increased values of AODs were then observed in Svalbard, e.g., in Hornsund (daily average AODs exceeded 0.14 and reached hourly values up to 0.5). Elevated values of AODs were then registered in Sodankylä and Andenes (daily average AODs exceeding 0.150) a few days after the Svalbard observation of the event highlighting the BB columnar magnitude, which is crucial for the radiative impact. All the reported data suggest to rank the summer 2017 plume of aerosols as one of the biggest atmosphere related environmental problems over Svalbard region in last 10 years

Published
2020

31. Abundance of Environmental Data vs. Low Public Interest in Climate and Ocean Issues. Where Is the Missing Link?

Author

Zielinski, Tymon, primary, Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional, Evans, Karen, additional, Ferrero, Luca, additional, Gregorczyk, Klaudia, additional, Kijewski, Tomasz, additional, Kotynska-Zielinska, Izabela, additional, Mrowiec, Patrycja, additional, Oleszczuk, Barbara, additional, Pakszys, Paulina, additional, Piechowska, Ewa, additional, Piwowarczyk, Joanna, additional, Sobieszczanski, Jan, additional, and Wichorowski, Marcin, additional

Published
2021
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35. Determination of Aethalometer multiple-scattering enhancement parameters and impact on source apportionment during the winter 2017–2018 EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL campaign in Milan

Author

Bernardoni, Vera, primary, Ferrero, Luca, additional, Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional, Forello, Alice Corina, additional, Gregorič, Asta, additional, Massabò, Dario, additional, Močnik, Griša, additional, Prati, Paolo, additional, Rigler, Martin, additional, Santagostini, Luca, additional, Soldan, Francesca, additional, Valentini, Sara, additional, Valli, Gianluigi, additional, and Vecchi, Roberta, additional

Published
2020
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39. Experimental black and brown carbon heating rate and from mid-latitudes to the Arctic along two years (2018-2019) of research cruises: the energy gradient for the Arctic Amplification

Author

Ferrero, Luca, primary, Losi, Niccolò, additional, Bigogno, Alessandra, additional, Gregoric, Asta, additional, Rigler, Martin, additional, Močnik, Griša, additional, Markuszewski, Piotr, additional, Makuch, Przemysław, additional, Pakszys, Paulina, additional, Petelski, Tomasz, additional, Zielinski, Tymon, additional, and Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional

Published
2020
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40. Study of Chemical and Optical Properties of Biomass Burning Aerosols during Long-Range Transport Events toward the Arctic in Summer 2017

Author

Zielinski, Tymon, primary, Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional, Cataldi, Marco, additional, Ferrero, Luca, additional, Graßl, Sandra, additional, Hansen, Georg, additional, Mateos, David, additional, Mazzola, Mauro, additional, Neuber, Roland, additional, Pakszys, Paulina, additional, Posyniak, Michal, additional, Ritter, Christoph, additional, Severi, Mirko, additional, Sobolewski, Piotr, additional, Traversi, Rita, additional, and Velasco-Merino, Christian, additional

Published
2020
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41. The NO3 radical-mediated liquid phase of nitration of phenols with nitrogen dioxide

Author

Barletta, Barbara, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Meinardi, Simone, Orlandi, Marco, and Rindone, Bruno

Subjects
Alcohol industry -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Milano-Bicocca, University of (Italy) -- Research
Abstract

Researchers from the University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy studied the origin of nitrophenols from air and rainwater samples and discovered that the compounds are formed from the reaction of phenols with ozone and nitrogen dioxide.

Published
2000

42. Abstracts of the 6th FECS Conference 1998 Lectures

Author

Rowland, F. Sherwood, Blake, Donald R., Larsen, B. R., Lindskog, Anne, Peterson, Peter J., Williams, W. Peter, Wallington, T. J., Pilling, M. J., Carslaw, N., Creasey, D. J., Heard, D. E., Jacobs, P., Lee, J., Lewis, A. C., McQuaid, J. B., Stockwell, William R., Frank, Hartmut, Sacco, P., Cocheo, V., Lynge, E., Andersen, A., Nilsson, R., Barlow, L., Pukkala, E., Nordlinder, R., Boffetta, P., Grandjean, P., Heikkil, P., Hürte, L. G., Jakobsson, R., Lundberg, I., Moen, B., Partanen, T., Riise, T., Borowiak, A., De Saeger, E., Schnitzler, K. G., Gravenhorst, G., Jacobi, H. W., Moelders, S., Lammel, G., Busch, G., Beese, F. O., Dentener, F. J., Feichter, J., Fraedrich, K., Roelofs, G. J., Friedrich, R., Reis, S., Voehringer, F., Simpson, D., Moussiopoulos, N., Sahm, P., Tourlou, P. M., Salmons, R., Papameletiou, D., Maqueda, J. M., Suhr, Per B., Bell, W., Paton-Walsh, C., Woods, P. T., Partridge, R. H., Slemr, J., Slemr, F., Schmidbauer, N., Ravishankara, A. R., Jenkin, Michael E., de Leeuw, G., van Eijk, A. M. J., Flossmann, A. I., Wobrock, W., Mestayer, P. G., Tranchant, B., Ljungström, E., Karlsson, R., Larsen, S. E., Roemer, M., Builtjes, P. J. H., Koffi, Brigitte, Koffi, Ernest N’Dri, De Saeger, Emile, Ro-Poulsen, H., Mikkelsen, T. N., Hummelshøj, P., Hovmand, M. F., Simoneit, Bernd R. T., van der Meulen, A., Meyer, Michael B., Berndt, T., Böge, O., Stratmann, F., Cass, Glen R., Harrison, Roy M., Shi, Ji Ping, Hoffmann, T., Warscheid, B., Bandur, R., Marggraf, U., Nigge, W., Kamens, Richard, Jang, Myoseon, Strommen, Mike, Chien, Chao-Jung, Leach, Keri, Ammann, M., Kalberer, M., Arens, F., Lavanchy, V., Gâggeler, H. W., Baltensperger, U., Davies, J. A., Cox, R. A., Alonso, S. García, Pastor, R. Pérez, Argüello, Gustavo A., Willner, Helge, Berndt, T., Böge, O., Bogillo, V. I., Pokrovskiy, V. A., Kuraev, O. V., Gozhyk, P. F., Bolzacchini, E., Bruschi, M., Fantucci, P., Meinardi, S., Orlandi, M., Rindone, B., Bolzacchini, Ezio, Bohn, Birger, Rindone, Bruno, Bruschi, Maurizo, Zetzsch, Cornelius, Brussol, C., Duane, M., Larsen, B., Carlier, P., Kotzias, D., Caracena, A. Baeza, Aznar, A. Miñana, Ferradás, E. González, Christensen, C. S., Skov, H., Hummelshøj, P., Jensen, N. O., Lohse, C., Cocheo, V., Sacco, P., Chatzis, C., Cocheo, V., Sacco, P., Boaretto, C., Quaglio, F., Zaratin, L., Pagani, D., Cocheo, L., Cocheo, Vincenzo, Asnar, Agustin Minana, Baldan, Annerita, Ballesta, Pascual P., Boaretto, Caterina, Caracena, Antonia B., Ferradas, Enrique Gonzalez, Gonzalez-Flesca, Nobert, Goelen, Eddie, Hansen, Asger B., Sacco, Paolo, De Saeger, Emile, Skov, Henrik, Consonni, V., Gramatica, P., Santagostino, A., Galvani, P., Bolzacchini, E., Consonni, Viviana, Gramatica, Paola, Todeschini, Roberto, Dippel, G., Reinhardt, H., Zellner, R., Dämmer, K., Bednarek, G., Breil, M., Zellner, R., Febo, A., Allegrini, I., Giliberti, C., Perrino, C., Fogg, P. G. T., Geiger, H., Barnes, I., Becker, K. H., Maurer, T., Geyskens, F., Bormans, R., Lambrechts, M., Goelen, E., Giese, Martina, Frank, Hartmut, Glasius, M., Hornung, P., Jacobsen, J. K., Klausen, H. S., Klitgaard, K. C., Møller, C. K., Petersen, A. P. F., Petersen, L. S., Wessel, S., Hansen, T. S., Lohse, C., Boaretto, E., Heinemeier, J., Glasius, M., Di Bella, D., Lahaniati, M., Calogirou, A., Jensen, N. R., Hjorth, J., Kotzias, D., Larsen, B. R., Gonzalez-Flesca, N., Cicolella, A., Bates, M., Bastin, E., Gurbanov, M. A., Akhmedly, K. M., Balayev, V. S., Haselmann, K. F., Ketola, R., Laturnus, F., Lauritsen, F. R., Grøn, C., Herrmann, H., Ervens, B., Reese, A., Umschlag, Th., Wicktor, F., Zellner, R., Herrmann, H., Umschlag, Th., Müller, K., Bolzacchini, E., Meinardi, S., Rindone, B., Jenkin, Michael E., Hayman, Garry D., Jensen, N. O., Courtney, M., Hummelshøj, P., Christensen, C. S., Larsen, B. R., Johnson, Matthew S., Hegelund, Flemming, Nelander, Bengt, Kirchner, Frank, Klotz, B., Barnes, Ian, Sørensen, S., Becker, K. H., Etzkorn, T., Platt, U., Wirtz, K., Martín-Reviejo, M., Laturnus, Frank, Martinez, E., Cabañas, B., Aranda, A., Martín, P., Salgado, S., Rodriguez, D., Masclet, P., Jaffrezo, J. L., Hillamo, R., Mellouki, A., Le Calvé, S., Le Bras, G., Moriarty, J., O’Donnell, S., Wenger, J., Sidebottom, H., Mingarrol, M. T. Bomboi, Cosin, S., Pastor, R. Pérez, Alonso, S. García, Sanz, M. J., Bravo, I., Gonzalez, D., Pérez, M. A., Mustafaev, Islam, Mammadova, Saida, Noda, J., Hallquist, M., Langer, S., Ljungström, E., Nohara, K., Kutsuna, S., Ibusuki, T., Oehme, Michael, Kölliker, Stephan, Brombacher, Stephan, Merz, Leo, Pastor, R. Pérez, Alonso, S. García, Cabezas, A. Quejido, Peeters, J., Vereecken, L., El Yazal, J., Pfeffer, Hans-Ulrich, Breuer, Ludger, Platz, J., Nielsen, O. J., Sehested, J., Wallington, T. J., Ball, J. C., Hurley, M. D., Straccia, A. M., Schneider, W. F., Pérez-Casany, M. P., Nebot-Gil, I., Sánchez-Marín, J., Putz, E., Folberth, G., Pfister, G., Weissflog, L., Elansky, N. P., Sørensen, Søren, Barnes, Ian, Becker, K. H., Shao, M., Heiden, A. C., Kley, D., Rockel, P., Wildt, J., Silva, G. V. A., Vasconcelos, M. T., Fernandes, E. O., Santos, A. M. S., Skov, Henrik, Hansen, Asger, Løfstrøm, Per, Lorenzen, Gitte, Stabel, J. R., Wolkoff, P., Pedersen, T., Strom, A. B., Skov, Henrik, Hertel, Ole, Jensen, Finn Palmgren, Hjorth, Jens, Galle, Bosse, Wallin, Svante, Theloke, J., Libuda, H. G., Zabel, F., Touaty, Muriel, Bonsang, Bernard, Ullerstam, M., Langer, S., Ljungström, E., Wenger, John, Bonard, Amélie, Manning, Marcus, Nolan, Sinéad, O’Sullivan, Niamh, Sidebottom, Howard, Wenger, John, Collins, Eoin, Moriarty, Jennie, O’Donnell, Sinéad, Sidebottom, Howard, Wenger, John, Collins, Eoin, Moriarty, Jennie, O’Donnell, Sinéad, Sidebottom, Howard, Wenger, John, Sidebottom, Howard, Chadwick, Paul, O’Leary, Barbara, Treacy, Jack, Wolkoff, Peder, Clausen, Per A., Wilkins, Cornelius K., Hougaard, Karin S., Nielsen, Gunnar D., Zilinskis, Viktors, Jansons, Guntis, Peksens, Aigars, Lazdins, Agris, Arinci, Y. V., Erdöl, N., Ekinci, E., Okutan, H., Manlafalioglu, I., Bakeas, Evangelos B., Siskos, Panayotis A., Viras, Loizos G., Smirnioudi, Vasiliki N., Bottenheim, Jan W., Biesenthal, Thomas, Gong, Wanmin, Makar, Paul, Delmas, Véronique, Menard, Tamara, Tatry, Véronique, Moussafir, Jacques, Thomas, Dominique, Coppalle, Alexis, Ellermann, Thomas, Hertel, Ole, Skov, Henrik, Frohn, Lise, Manscher, Ole H., Friis, Jørgen, Girgzdiene, Rasa, Girgzdys, Aloyzas, Gurevich, N. A., Gårdfeldt, Katarina, Langer, Sarka, Hermans, C., Vandaele, A. C., Carleer, M., Fally, S., Colin, R., Bernath, P. F., Jenouvrier, A., Coquart, B., Mérienne, M. -F., Hertel, Ole, Frohn, Lise, Skov, Henrik, Ellermann, Thomas, Huntrieser, H., Schlager, H., Feigl, C., Kemp, Kåre, Palmgren, Finn, Kiilsholm, Sissi, Rasmussen, Alix, Sørensen, Jens Havskov, Klemm, Otto, Lange, Holger, Larsen, René Wugt, Larsen, Niels Wessel, Nicolaisen, Flemming, Sørensen, Georg Ole, Beukes, Jon Are, Larsen, Poul Bo, Jensen, Steen Solvang, Fenger, Jes, de Leeuw, Gerrit, Kunz, Gerard, Cohen, Leo, Schlünzen, Heinke, Muller, Frank, Schulz, Michael, Tamm, Susanne, Geernaert, Gary, Hertel, Ole, Pedersen, Britta, Geernaert, Lise Lotte Sørensen, Lund, Søren, Vignati, Elisabetta, Jickells, Tim, Spokes, Lucinda, Matei, C., Jinga, O. A., Jinga, D. C., Moliner, R., Braekman-Danheux, C., Fontana, A., Suelves, I., Thieman, T., Vassilev, S., Skov, Henrik, Hertel, Ole, Zlatev, Zahari, Brandt, Jørgen, Bastrup-Birk, Annemarie, Ellermann, Thomas, Frohn, Lise, Vandaele, A. C., Hermans, C., Carleer, M., Tsouli, A., Colin, R., Windsperger, Andreas M., Turi, Kristina, Dworak, Oliver, Zellweger, C., Weingartner, E., Rüttimann, R., Hofer, P., Baltensperger, U., Ziv, A., Iakovleva, E., Palmgren, F., Berkovicz, R., Skov, H., Alastuey, A., Querol, X., Chaves, A., Lopez-Soler, A., Ruiz, C., Andrees, J. M., Allegrini, I., Febo, A., Giusto, M., Angeloni, M., Di Filippo, P., D’Innocenzio, F., Lepore, L., Marconi, A., Arshinov, M. Yu., Belan, B. D., Davydov, D. K., Kovaleskii, V. K., Plotinov, A. P., Pokrovskii, E. V., Sklyadneva, T. K., Tolmachev, G. N., Arshinov, M. Yu., Belan, B. D., Sklyadneva, T. K., Behnke, Wolfgang, Elend, Manfred, Krüger, Ulrich, Zetzsch, Cornelius, Belan, B. D., Arshinov, M. Yu., Davydov, D. K., Kovalevskii, V. K., Plotnikov, A. P., Pokrovskii, E. V., Rasskazchikova, T. M., Sklyadneva, T. K., Tolmachev, G. N., Belan, B. D., Arshinov, M. Yu., Simonenkov, D. V., Tolmachev, G. N., Bilde, Merete, Aker, Pamela M., Börensen, C., Kirchner, U., Scheer, V., Vogt, R., Ellermann, T., Geernaert, L. L. S., Pryor, S. C., Barthelmie, R. J., Feilberg, Anders, Nielsen, Torben, Kamens, Richard M., Freitas, M. C., Marques, A. P., Reis, M. A., Alves, L. C., Ilyinskikh, N. N., Ilyinskikh, I. N., Ilyinskikh, E. N., Johansen, Keld, Stavnsbjerg, Peter, Gabrielsson, Pär, Bak, Flemming, Andersen, Erik, Autrup, Herman, Kamens, Richard, Jang, Myoseon, Strommen, Michael, Leach, Keri, Kirchner, U., Scheer, V., Börensen, C., Vogt, R., Igor, Komov, Svjatoslav, Galiy, Anatoliy, Burlak, Komov, I. L., Istchenko, A. A., Lourenço, M. G., MacTavish, D., Sirois, A., Masclet, Pierre, Jaffrezo, Jean Luc, van der Meulen, A., Milukaite, A., Morkunas, V., Jurgutis, P., Mikelinskiene, A., Nielsen, Torben, Feilberg, Anders, Binderup, Mona Lise, Pineda, M., Palacios, J. M., Garcia, E., Cilleruelo, C., Moliner, R., Popovitcheva, O. B., Trukhin, M. E., Persiantseva, N. M., Buriko, Yu, Starik, A. M., Demirdjian, B., Suzanne, J., Probst, T. U., Rietz, B., Alfassi, Z. B., Pokrovskiy, V. A., Zenobi, R., Bogatyr’ov, V. M., Gun’ko, V. M., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Lopez-Soler, A., Mantilla, E., Plana, F., Artiño, B., Rauterberg-Wulff, A., Israël, G. W., Rocha, Teresa A. P., Duarte, Armando C., Röhrl, Andreas, Lammel, Gerhard, Spindler, G., Müller, K., Herrmann, H., Strommen, Michael R., Vignati, Elisabetta, de Leeuw, Gerrit, and Berkowicz, Ruwim

Published
1998
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43. Nighttime tropospheric chemistry: kinetics and product studies in the reaction of 4-alkyl- and 4-alkoxytoluenes with NO3 and gas phase

Author

Bolzacchini, Ezio, Meinardi, Simone, Orlandi, Marco, and Rindone, Bruno

Subjects
Hydrocarbons -- Environmental aspects, Air pollution -- Research, Methanol -- Environmental aspects, Ethanolamines -- Environmental aspects, Formaldehyde -- Environmental aspects, Environmental issues, Science and technology
Abstract

Researchers studied alkylbenzenes reactions with OH and with NO3. As alkylbenzenes are a key ingredient in gasoline, and chemical solvents, air pollution from this chemical is a concern. Reactions were studied at 760 Torr in a 480 L Teflon-coated 60 cm. diameter chamber. NO2 and O3 were put into the chamber to form N2O5. Then the hydrocarbon was added. From this reaction, methanol, ethanol, and formaldehyde were extracted, and their amounts recorded. The study concluded that reactions of NO3 radicals with aromatic hydrocarbons are slow relatively insignificant.

Published
1999

44. A new sampling system to study the effects of atmospheric particle matter in material decay

Author

Ivano Vassura, ELENA BERNARDI, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Casati, Marco, Ferrero, Luca, Lara Nobili, Perrone, Mariagrazia, Simona Raffo, Elisa Venturini, Vassura, Ivano, Bernardi, Elena, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Casati, Marco, Ferrero, Luca, Nobili, Lara, Perrone, Mariagrazia, Raffo, Simona, and Venturini, Elisa

Subjects
deposizione secca, Deposition Box, Particolato atmosferico, superfici surrogate, materiali, SEM/EDS
Published
2017

46. Chemical Composition of Aerosol over the Arctic Ocean from Summer ARctic EXpedition (AREX) 2011–2012 Cruises: Ions, Amines, Elemental Carbon, Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, n-Alkanes, Metals, and Rare Earth Elements

Author

Ferrero, Luca, primary, Sangiorgi, Giorgia, additional, Perrone, Maria, additional, Rizzi, Cristiana, additional, Cataldi, Marco, additional, Markuszewski, Piotr, additional, Pakszys, Paulina, additional, Makuch, Przemysław, additional, Petelski, Tomasz, additional, Becagli, Silvia, additional, Traversi, Rita, additional, Bolzacchini, Ezio, additional, and Zielinski, Tymon, additional

Published
2019
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47. POTENTIALLY TOXIC COMPOUNDS FOR HUMAN HEALTH IN THE GASEOUS AND PARTICULATE PHASE OF THE ATMOSPHERE: FROM THE EFFECT OF LOW EMISSION ZONES TO REMOTE SITES

Author

Rizzi, C, BOLZACCHINI, EZIO, RIZZI, CRISTIANA ALESSANDRA, Rizzi, C, BOLZACCHINI, EZIO, and RIZZI, CRISTIANA ALESSANDRA

Abstract

Questo studio si focalizza sulla concentrazione e sul comportamento di composti organici in atmosfera nella Regione Lombardia, un'area critica per l'inquinamento atmosferico, e nel Mare del Nord. L'attenzione sarà incentrata su composti potenzialmente tossici per la salute umana (come gli idrocarburi policiclici aromatici - IPA) e composti che possono fornire informazioni sulle sorgenti di emissione (come gli alcani). La corretta identificazione delle sorgenti dell’inquinamento consente di progettare strategie di abbattimento adeguate per migliorare la qualità dell'aria. I campioni, sia in fase particolata che in fase gassosa, raccolti a Milano sono stati analizzati per studiare la ripartizione di fase di IPA semi-volatili e di alcani lineari in diverse stagioni. Poiché una delle fonti più importanti del particolato in Lombardia durante tutto l'anno è costituita dalle emissioni autoveicolari, è stato effettuato un confronto tra le concentrazioni e la composizione chimica del particolato raccolto a Milano, in due siti con carichi di traffico diversi, al fine di valutare l'effetto della zona a traffico limitato (ZTL). Oltre alle emissioni autoveicolari, le emissioni relative alle attività aeroportuali hanno destato grande interesse negli ultimi anni; l'aviazione civile è, infatti, uno dei settori in più rapida crescita dell'economia globale. In Lombardia si trova l'aeroporto internazionale di Milano-Malpensa che rappresenta il principale aeroporto del nord Italia e il secondo aeroporto italiano per traffico passeggeri dopo quello di Roma-Fiumicino. All'interno dell'aeroporto è stata realizzata una campagna di campionamento per studiare il contributo delle attività aeroportuali alle emissioni dei principali inquinanti atmosferici e valutare l'impatto di queste attività sui comuni dell'area circostante. L'inquinamento atmosferico, tuttavia, è un problema che non riguarda solo i siti urbani; gli inquinanti possono, infatti, essere trasportati su lunghe dista, This study is focused on the atmospheric concentration and the behavior of specific organic compounds in the Lombardy Region, a critical area for atmospheric pollution, and in the North Sea. The attention will be focused on compounds that are potentially toxic for human health (such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons- PAHs) and that can give information on their emission source (such as alkanes). The correct identification of the anthropogenic pollutant sources would allow to design suitable abatement strategies to improve the air quality. Samples of atmospheric particulate and gaseous phases collected in Milan were analyzed to study the atmospheric gas/particle partitioning of semi-volatile PAHs and n-alkanes in different seasons. Since one of the most important source of the particulate matter in Lombardy Region during all the year is vehicle exhausts, a comparison between the concentrations and the chemical composition of particulate matter collected in Milan, at two sites with different traffic loads, was performed for the purpose of evaluating the effect of the Low Emission Zone. In addition to car exhausts, emissions related to airport activities aroused great interest in recent years since civil aviation is one of the fastest-growing sectors of the global economy. In the Lombardy region is located the international airport of Milan-Malpensa that represents the main airport of northern Italy and the second Italian airport for passenger traffic after that of Rome-Fiumicino. A sampling campaign was performed inside the airport, in order to study the contribution of airport activities to the emissions of the main atmospheric pollutants and to assess the impact of these activities on the surrounding area. Air pollution, however, is a problem not only for urban sites; pollutants can, in fact, be transported over long distances and thus contribute to the air pollution of remote sites. The study of atmospheric pollutants in remote sites can provide information on th

Published
2018

48. Heating Rate of Light Absorbing Aerosols: Time-Resolved Measurements, the Role of Clouds, and Source Identification

Author

Ferrero, L, Mocnik, G, Cogliati, S, Gregoric, A, Colombo, R, Bolzacchini, E, Ferrero, Luca, Mocnik, Grisa, Cogliati, Sergio, Gregoric, Asta, Colombo, Roberto, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Ferrero, L, Mocnik, G, Cogliati, S, Gregoric, A, Colombo, R, Bolzacchini, E, Ferrero, Luca, Mocnik, Grisa, Cogliati, Sergio, Gregoric, Asta, Colombo, Roberto, and Bolzacchini, Ezio

Abstract

Light absorbing aerosols (LAA) absorb sunlight and heat the atmosphere. This work presents a novel methodology to experimentally quantify the heating rate (HR) induced by LAA into an atmospheric layer. Multiwavelength aerosol absorption measurements were coupled with spectral measurements of the direct, diffuse and surface reflected radiation to obtain highly time-resolved measurements of HR apportioned in the context of LAA species (black carbon, BC; brown carbon, BrC; dust), sources (fossil fuel, FF; biomass burning, BB), and as a function of cloudiness. One year of continuous and time-resolved measurements (5 min) of HR were performed in the Po Valley. We experimentally determined (1) the seasonal behavior of HR (winter 1.83 ± 0.02 K day-1; summer 1.04 ± 0.01 K day-1); (2) the daily cycle of HR (asymmetric, with higher values in the morning than in the afternoon); (3) the HR in different sky conditions (from 1.75 ± 0.03 K day-1 in clear sky to 0.43 ± 0.01 K day-1 in complete overcast); (4) the apportionment to different sources: HRFF (0.74 ± 0.01 K day-1) and HRBB (0.46 ± 0.01 K day-1); and (4) the HR of BrC (HRBrC: 0.15 ± 0.01 K day-1, 12.5 ± 0.6% of the total) and that of BC (HRBC: 1.05 ± 0.02 K day-1; 87.5 ± 0.6% of the total).

Published
2018

49. Determination of Aethalometer multiple-scattering enhancement parameters and impact on source apportionment during the winter 2017-2018 EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL campaign in Milan.

Author

Bernardoni, Vera, Ferrero, Luca, Bolzacchini, Ezio, Forello, Alice Corina, Gregorič, Asta, Massabò, Dario, Močnik, Griša, Prati, Paolo, Rigler, Martin, Santagostini, Luca, Soldan, Francesca, Valentini, Sara, Valli, Gianluigi, and Vecchi, Roberta

Subjects
LIGHT sources, ATMOSPHERIC sciences, ATTENUATION coefficients, CARBON-black, POLLUTION source apportionment, WAVELENGTHS
Abstract

In the frame of the EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL campaign in Milan during winter 2018, equivalent black carbon measurements using the Aethalometer 31 (AE31), the Aethalometer 33 (AE33), and the Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP) were carried out together with levoglucosan analyses on 12-h resolved PM2.5 samples collected in parallel. From AE31 and AE33 data, the loading-corrected aerosol attenuation coefficients (bATN) were calculated at 7 wavelengths (λs, where λ = 370, 470, 520, 590, 660, 880, 950 nm). Aerosol absorption coefficient at 637 nm (babs_MAAP) was determined by MAAP measurements. Furthermore, babs was also measured at 4 wavelengths (405, 532, 635, 780 nm) on the 12-h resolved PM2.5 samples by a polar photometer (PP_UniMI). After comparing PP_UniMI and MAAP results, we exploited PP_UniMI data to evaluate the filter multiple-scattering enhancement parameter at different wavelengths for AE31 and AE33. We obtained instrument- and wavelength-dependent multiple-scattering parameters by linear regression of the Aethalometer bATN against the babs measured by PP_UniMI. We found significant filter material, and hence instrumental, dependence of the multiple-scattering enhancement parameter with the difference up to 30 % between the AE31 and the AE33 tapes. The wavelength dependence and day/night variations were small – the difference between the smallest and largest value was up to 6 %. Data from the different instruments were used as input to the so-called "Aethalometer model" for optical source apportionment and instrument-dependence of the results was investigated. Inconsistencies among the source apportionment were found fixing the AE31 and AE33 multiple-scattering enhancement parameters to their usual values. Opposite, optimised multiple-scattering enhancement parameters led to 5 % agreement among the approaches. Also, the component-apportionment "MWAA model" was applied to the dataset. It resulted less sensitive to the instrument and the number of wavelengths, whereas significant differences in the determination of the absorption Ångström exponent for brown carbon were found (up to 22 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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50. The impact of cloudiness and cloud type on the atmospheric heating rate of black and brown carbon.

Author

Ferrero, Luca, Gregorič, Asta, Močnik, Griša, Rigler, Martin, Cogliati, Sergio, Barnaba, Francesca, Liberto, Luca Di, Gobbi, Gian Paolo, Losi, Niccolò, and Bolzacchini, Ezio

Abstract

We experimentally quantified the impact of cloud fraction and cloud type on the heating rates (HRs) of black and brown carbon (HRBC and HRBrC).In particular, in this work, we examine in more detail the average cloud effect (Ferrero et al., 2018) using high time-resolution measurements of aerosol absorption at multiple-wavelengths coupled with spectral measurements of the direct, diffuse and surface reflected radiation and lidar data in the Po Valley. The experimental set-up allowed a direct determination of HRBC and HRBrC in any sky condition. The highest values of total HR were found in the middle of the winter (1.43 ± 0.05 K day-1) while the lowest in spring (0.54 ± 0.02 K day-1) Overall the HRBrC accounted for 13.7 ± 0.2% of the total HR, the BrC being characterized by an AAE of 3.49 ± 0.01. Simultaneously, sky conditions were classified (from clear-sky to cloudy) in terms of fraction of sky covered by clouds (oktas) and cloud types. Cloud types were grouped as a function of altitude into the following classes: 1) low level (< 2 km) stratus, cumulus and stratocumulus; 2) middle level (2-7 km) altostratus, altocumulus; 3) high level (> 7 km) cirrus, cirrocumulus-cirrostratus. Measurements carried out in different sky conditions at high-time resolution showed a constant decrease of HR with increasing cloudiness of the atmosphere enabling us to quantify for the first time the bias (in %) in the aerosol HR introduced by improperly assuming clear-sky conditions in radiative transfer calculations. In fact, during the campaign, clear sky conditions were only present 23% of the time while the remaining time (77%) was characterized by cloudy conditions. Our results show that, by incorrectly assuming clear-sky conditions, the HR of light absorbing aerosol can be largely overestimated (by 50% in low cloudiness, oktas = 1-2), up to over 400% (in complete overcast conditions, i.e., oktas = 7-8). The impact of different cloud types on the HR compared to a clear sky condition was also investigated. Cirrus were found to have a modest impact, decreasing the HRBC and HRBrC by -1- -5%. Cumulus decreased the HRBC and HRBrC by -31 ± 12 and -26 ± 7%, respectively, while cirrocumulus-cirrostratus by -60 ± 8 and -54 ± 4%, which was comparable to the impact of altocumulus (-60 ± 6 and -46 ± 4%). A high impact on HRBC and HRBrC was found for stratocumulus (-63 ± 6 and -58 ± 4%, respectively) and altostratus (-78 ± 5 and -73 ± 4%, respectively), although the highest impact was found to be associated to stratus that suppressed the HRBC and HRBrC by -85 ± 5 and -83 ± 3%, respectively. Additionally, the cloud influence on the radiation spectrum that interacts with the absorbing aerosol was investigated. Black and brown carbon (BC and BrC) have different spectral responses (a different absorption Angstrom exponent, AAE) and our results show that the presence of clouds causes a greater decrease for the HRBC with respect to to HRBrC going clear sky to complete overcast conditions; the observed the difference is 12 ± 6%. This means that, compared to BC, BrC is more efficient in heating the surrounding atmosphere in cloudy conditions than in clear sky. Overall, this study extends the results of a previous work (Ferrero et al., 2018), highlighting the need to take into account both the role of cloudiness and of different cloud types to better estimate the HR associated to both BC and BrC, and in turn decrease the uncertainties associated to the quantification of the impact of these species on radiation and climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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