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While it was believed that genital warts were transmitted by sexual activity until recent years, challenges in diagnosis and differential diagnosis are emerged after other ways of transmission such as perinatal, horizontal, autoinoculation, heteroinoculation were shown. However, genital warts which are found in non-active sexual children, can still make clinicians think sexual abuse and evaluation of children with genital warts is a matter for clinicians. An 8-year-old boy presented to dermatology with anogenital verruca and after he was referred to our child and adolescent psychiatry clinic for sexual harrassment. Cases with this peculiarity are needed to be evaluated with consultation-liaison perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurologically-based developmental disorder which appears in childhood. Mean platelet volume (MPV), the correct measure of platelet size, has been regarded a marker and determinant of platelet function. Aim of the present study is to research MPV in children with ASD and healthy subjects. It was hypothesized that children with ASD have increased MPV levels, compared to healthy controls. Methods: Forty-nine drug naive children with ASD, aged 1-15, who were admitted to the child and adolescent psychiatry department at Mersin University and diagnosed with ASD according to the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition) criteria were included in this study. Eighty-seven mentally and physically healthy subjects were enrolled as a control group. The MPV were measured in children with ASD, and compared with healthy controls. Measures of MPV in the children with ASD and the control subjects were compared by using independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. All statistical analyses were conducted on SPSS version 11.5. Results: There was no significant difference in age of the children between the ASD group (mean: 4.9±3.1) and the normal control group (mean: 5.9±2.9). The ASD group consisted of 13 girls and 36 boys and the control group included 39girls and 48 boys. No significant difference was found in the girls/boys ratio between the two groups (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in MPV (p=0.422) between the groups (p>0.05) Conclusion: Evidence from clinic based studies and nationally representative surveys suggests that children with developmental disabilities, including with ASD, have a prevalence of obesity at least as high as, if not higher than, their typically developing peers. Obesity in children carries a wide range of serious complications and contributes to an increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in very early pediatric age. Evidence has emerged from numerous large-scale studies indicating that elevated MPV is a cardiovascular risk factor. A large proportion of the increased mortality observed in schizophrenia is associated with an increase in cardiometabolic risk. A recent cross-sectional study showed raised MPV in patients with schizophrenia, particularly in patients exposed to atypical antipsychotics. However, our findings show no significant difference for drug-naive children with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale-Revised Short in evaluating improvement in symptomatology with immediaterelease methylphenidate (MPH-IR), methylphenidate extended release (OROS MPH) or atomoxetine (ATX) in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of children patients. Method: In a clinical sample, over a period of 12 months, all drug-naive patients with ADHD (n=128; boys, n=92; girls, n=36) were evaluated retrospectively. Patients between 7 and 17 years of age were consecutively selected and diagnosed for ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), by a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist. The treatment of MPHIR, OROS MPH, ATX was started at 0.5mg/kg/day for 1 week. The dose was increased to 1mg/kg/day at 1 week after treatment initiation till 8 weeks. Efficacy measures were evaluated by Conners' Teacher Rating Scale. We assessed 107 children that completed the first and second teacher scale. Eleven patients used a combination of OROS MPH and MPH-IR. All cases were evaluated between January 2013 and January 2014. The Teachers' Scale was completed before the treatment began and two months after the initiation of treatment. Conners' Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS): Turkish translations of the 28-item Conners' Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS) was calculated with good internal consistency as indicated by Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Factor analytical data from the normal sample studies tested the construct validity of parent and teacher Turkish Conners' rating scales (CRS) despite non-differentiation of the conduct factor from the hyperactivity factor on the teacher scale. The clinical criteria scores proposed the necessity of adapting the item content of all the subscales, except the hyperactivity subscale. The adapted and original subscales of the CRS Turkish forms revealed such psychometric properties that they could be employed in assessing attention deficit and disruptive behavior disorders in Turkish children. Results: The mean age of 117 patients included in this study was 10.78±2.7 years. Stable daily doses were 1 mg/kg/day for ATX, OROSMPH and IR-MPH. All efficacy parameters were significantly improved with the use of the above-mentioned three drugs in respect to baseline. Conclusion: In the treatment of ADHD, once-daily OROS-MPH produces significant improvements in hyperactivity. But IR-MPH improves hyperactivity, attention deficit and behavioral disorder. ATX treatment is found less effective than other two treatment groups. MPH-IR might be the initial treatment of choice in ADHD treatment during the first 8 weeks of treatment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The physical and hormonal changes associated with central precocious puberty (CPP) and premature thelarche (PT) can be a significant source of stress for young girls, who may not be developmentally prepared to understand these changes. This study aims to investigate the presence of psychiatric disorders, assess depression, anxiety, coping difficulties, and the quality of life in girls diagnosed with PT, and compare them with idiopathic CPP (ICPP)., Method: A total of 50 participants aged between 6-9 years (PT=33, ICPP=17) between July 2023 and December 2023 were included in the study. Both groups were evaluated by pediatric psychiatrists at a median of four months after diagnosis with ICPP or PT., Results: The PT group (n=33) had a mean age of 7.81 ± 0.76 years, while the ICPP group (n=17) had a mean age of 8.15 ± 0.35 years (P=0.091). In the PT group, 90.9% were at Tanner stage 2 and 9.1% were at Tanner stage 3 of pubertal development. In the ICPP group, 35.2% were at Tanner stage 2, 58.8% were at Tanner stage 3, and 5.8% were at Tanner stage 4. As expected, compared to the PT group, the ICPP group had taller heights, higher body weights, higher basal and stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) levels (p<0.05). The total Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) score was higher in the PT group compared to the ICPP group (P=0.003). The physical Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) score, psychosocial PedsQL score, and total PedsQL scores were all significantly lower in the PT group (P=0.034, P=0.016, P=0.019, respectively). The total Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) score, used to evaluate difficulties in coping with challenges, was statistically similar in both groups (P=0.063). Subjects with higher anxiety and depression scores had lower quality of life (P<0.001; R=-0.639). There was also a statistically significant positive correlation between RCADS scores and SDQ scores (P<0.001; R=0.648). We did not find a significant correlation between RCADS scores and hormonal profiles or age., Conclusion: Despite the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis not being active, we believe that PT cases may experience psychological impacts due to body changes. While PT cases may not necessitate medical intervention from an endocrinological perspective, addressing their psychological needs can contribute to a healthier overall process for these individuals. The study's findings highlight the need for healthcare providers to monitor the psychological status of PT patients alongside their physical health. Larger-scale studies including control groups are needed to clearly evaluate the relationship between body changes and psychological symptoms., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Akdeniz University Ethics Comittee issued approval KAEK-461 dated 07.06.2023. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Donbaloglu et al.)