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The Barbashinsky burial ground on the territory of Samara is the largest Mordovian burial ground of the Golden Horde period in the Samara Trans-Volga region. In 1921, A.S. Bashkirov studied at least 71 burials at the site, which contained rich grave goods, including bracelets. The article presents the results of a typological analysis of bracelets, excavated by A.S. Bashkirov and kept in the collections of the Samara Museum for History and Regional Studies named after P.V. Alabin, an attempt was made to systematize and consider them in the context of the Golden Horde antiquities of the Samara Trans-Volga region and other regions. A total of 42 bronze and 2 iron bracelets from female burials (40 items), children burials (2 items), paired and unattributed burials (1 item each) were studied. Most of the bracelets are made of cast rod (23 items), among them there are pointed ones, bracelets with flattened spatulate ends and blunt-ended ones, including "snake heads". Plate bracelets (14 items) are richly decorated with a combination of several types of ornaments – small zigzag, pierced ornameпtation, rosettes, relief stripes, inlays. Bronze twisted (5 items) and iron bracelets (2 items) are fewin number. The article also considers some aspects of the technological production of bronze bracelets, the nature of the ornamentation and the features of its application for various types of bracelets in the collection. All bracelets have many analogies with synchronous sites of the Golden Horde and Rus.

The article presents the results of an analysis of Romny culture bracelets in order to reveal the sources of origin of certain forms. In total, 48 bracelets were recorded, excluding 7 items of the 1915 hoard from Korobkino, which is the subject of a special publication. The most popular bracelets were made of wire with expanding ends (30 items), the prototypes of which are well known among Slavic antiquities of the VI–VIII centuries. These items, along with plate bracelets with expanding ends (6 items), that appeared in Volyntsevo time, act as a kind of marker of the Romny culture at the Eastern European Slavic-Russian sites of the IX–X centuries. Russian imports are represented by a wire bracelet with tied ends from Shpilevka, as well as jewelry from Korobkino. Four thin wire bracelets reflect the influence of Khazar fashion. The use of silver as a raw material (3 items) suggests their local production. Two iron plate bracelets with loops at the ends most likely came directly from the Khaganate. There are weak connections with the Finnish environment of the Volga region, as well as contacts between the inhabitants of Novotroitskoe and Truvorovo hillforts. In general, the set of Romny bracelets represents an essentially original phenomenon.

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Dacians hoarded about 200 tons of gold and 400 tons of silver, before the Roman conquest of 105/106 AD. The exploitation of gold and silver by the Dacians is attested by the multitude of artifacts discovered in the territory inhabited by them. The work presents the most important treasures of gold and silver of the Dacians, but also the evaluation of the spoils of war taken by the Romans after the defeat of the Dacians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the history and significance of manilla money bracelets, which were used as currency between western Europe and West Africa from the fifteenth century until the early twentieth century. The article discusses various narratives surrounding manillas, including their connection to the transatlantic slave trade, their use in making the Benin Bronzes, and their cultural importance in West Africa. It also includes a chemical analysis of manilla bracelets from the Yale University Art Gallery, which suggests they were produced in England during the nineteenth century and traded extensively in British West Africa. The article examines the complex cultural and historical context of manillas and their role in shaping European and African identities. [Extracted from the article]

Humans interact with the environment through a variety of senses. Touch in particular contributes to a sense of presence, enhancing perceptual experiences, and establishing causal relations between events. Many human–machine interfaces only allow for one-way communication, which does not do justice to the complexity of the interaction. To address this, we developed a bidirectional human–machine interface featuring a bracelet equipped with linear resonant actuators, controlled via a Robot Operating System (ROS) program, to simulate haptic feedback. Further, the wireless interface includes a motion sensor and a sensor to quantify the tightness of the bracelet. Our functional experiments, which compared stimulation with three and five intensity levels, respectively, were performed by four healthy participants in their twenties and thirties. The participants achieved an average accuracy of 88% estimating three vibration intensity levels. While the estimation accuracy for five intensity levels was only 67%, the results indicated a good performance in perceiving relative vibration changes with an accuracy of 82%. The proposed haptic feedback bracelet will facilitate research investigating the benefits of bidirectional human–machine interfaces and the perception of vibrotactile feedback in general by closing the gap for a versatile device that can provide high-density user feedback in combination with sensors for intent detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the 5th century AD, massive gold bracelets with widened ends had become prestigious cultural elements, symbolizing the power of the barbarian tribal groups’ rulers. The areas where such finds were discovered are located primarily in the Carpathian-Danube region and Gallia. Under the influence of this fashion for displaying high social status, bracelets with thickened ends made from silver, the material available to the tribes in the western part of the East European Plain, became widespread in the 5th century. There are two zones of their concentration: the northern zone in the Baltics, Upper Dnieper region, and Middle Oka region; and the southern zone in the Middle Dnieper region and the left-bank forest steppe of the Dnieper. Bracelets made from silver and its alloys from the Middle Dnieper region were found in women’s burials and hoards, indicating their connection with female outfits. Their appearance could be associated with the influence of the “Middle Danube” model of female outfit during the Great Migration period, and this model persisted up until the 6th – 7th centuries. The second group of bracelets is documented in the antiquities of Nemunas and the Western Dvina basins in the Baltics. They are predominantly found in male warrior complexes dating back to the 5th century, belonging to the members of goroups involved in strategic control over important routes connecting Scandinavia and Southeastern Baltic with the eastward territories.

Background: Assessments of arm motor function are usually based on clinical examinations or self-reported rating scales. Wrist-worn accelerometers can be a good complement to measure movement patterns after stroke. Currently there is limited knowledge of how accelerometry correlate to clinically used scales. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the relationship between intermittent measurements of wrist-worn accelerometers and the patient's progression of arm motor function assessed by routine clinical outcome measures during a rehabilitation period. Methods: Patients enrolled in in-hospital rehabilitation following a stroke were invited. Included patients were asked to wear wrist accelerometers for 24 h at the start (T1) and end (T2) of their rehabilitation period. On both occasions arm motor function was assessed by the modified Motor Assessment Scale (M_MAS) and the Motor Activity Log (MAL). The recorded accelerometry was compared to M_MAS and MAL. Results: 20 patients were included, of which 18 completed all measurements and were therefore included in the final analysis. The resulting Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed a strong positive correlation between measured wrist acceleration in the affected arm and M-MAS and MAL values at T1, 0.94 (p < 0.05) for M_MAS and 0.74 (p < 0.05) for the MAL values, and a slightly weaker positive correlation at T2, 0.57 (p < 0.05) for M_MAS and 0.46 − 0.45 (p = 0.06) for the MAL values. However, no correlation was seen for the difference between the two sessions. Conclusions: The results confirm that the wrist acceleration can differentiate between the affected and non-affected arm, and that there is a positive correlation between accelerometry and clinical measures. Many of the patients did not change their M-MAS or MAL scores during the rehabilitation period, which may explain why no correlation was seen for the difference between measurements during the rehabilitation period. Further studies should include continuous accelerometry throughout the rehabilitation period to reduce the impact of day-to-day variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of research is a bracelet that uses the electromyography (EMG) method to control a bionic prosthesis. In the conditions of the development of modern biomedical technologies and robotics, such a system becomes key to improving the quality of life of people with disabilities, providing efficient and accurate control of prostheses. The problem addressed in the research is the development and analysis of a bionic prosthesis control system using a bracelet using the EMG method. The main focus is on the optimization of data collection and processing processes, as well as the development of machine learning algorithms for gesture recognition in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of prosthetic control. The essence of the obtained results is the development and testing of a new bionic prosthesis control system that uses EMG signals obtained with the help of a bracelet. The study showed that the classifier based on the support vector method outperforms other algorithms such as neural networks and decision trees, achieving an average accuracy of 90 %. The obtained data were successfully filtered and subjected to feature extraction, which allowed to create effective gesture recognition algorithms. The system was tested in real time, which confirmed its high accuracy and efficiency. The proposed system includes an innovative bracelet for collecting EMG data, which are then processed and analyzed using modern machine learning algorithms. The innovativeness of the proposed approach lies not only in the high accuracy of gesture recognition, but also in the possibility of adapting the system to different types of bionic prostheses and operating conditions. This is achieved by using a classifier based on the support vector method, which demonstrates significantly higher accuracy compared to other algorithms such as neural networks and decision trees. The test results show an average accuracy of 92.5 %, which confirms the high efficiency of the system. The use of this system involves the intensive use of EMG sensors, which allows more accurate determination of the user’s intentions regarding the control of the prosthesis. This, in turn, contributes to the improvement of the quality of life of users, providing them with greater functionality and convenience in the use of bionic prostheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of supporting visually impaired and blind people in meaningful interactions with objects is often neglected. To address this issue, we adapted a tactile belt for enhanced spatial navigation into a bracelet worn on the wrist that allows visually impaired people to grasp target objects. Participants' performance in locating and grasping target items when guided using the bracelet, which provides direction commands via vibrotactile signals, was compared to their performance when receiving auditory instructions. While participants were faster with the auditory commands, they also performed well with the bracelet, encouraging future development of this system and similar systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Daily monitoring of psychological parameters, encompassing chemical and physical signals, has become increasingly valuable for the management of chronic diseases. Among various vital signs, carbon dioxide exchange and pulse rate (PR) serve as critical indicators for the comprehensive assessment of the cardiopulmonary system. However, simultaneous monitoring of these chemical and physical signals in a nonintrusive manner is challenging. This study presents a wearable bracelet that enables simultaneous monitoring of transcutaneous carbon dioxide (TcCO2) and PR using a nanomaterials‐modified lensless CMOS imager. The proposed bracelet exhibits exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and anti‐humidity interference in TcCO2 detection, and achieves reliable tracking of TcCO2 and PR fluctuations induced by daily activities, demonstrating great potential in the comprehensive assessment of cardiopulmonary system. In addition, the proposed compact imaging approach is multiplexed and extensible, providing a promising sensing platform for the future development of multifunctional wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is an exploratory article engaging with an advertisement that appeared on the billboards of Milan's metro network in December 2017. Investigating discourse as the prominent site for identifying the ideological assumptions embedded in language use and the existing social conventions emerging from them, the author argues that the use or frequency of sexist stereotypes does not necessarily mark a brand's alignment with sexism. The methodology adopted is a form of Bakhtinian stylistics, i.e., an analysis of texts with a view to evaluate the addressivity and answerability of utterances and investigate their heteroglossic and interindividual nature as well as their positioning within a specific community, time and place. Based on a constructionist and critical sociolinguistics matrix, this study focuses on style meant as the particular ways an individual uses language as social practice through which ideological assumptions emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most unremitting and dynamic neurodegenerative human diseases. Various wearable IoT devices have emerged for detecting, diagnosing, and quantifying PD, predominantly utilizing inertial sensors and computational algorithms. However, their proliferation poses novel challenges concerning security, privacy, connectivity, and power optimization. Clinically, continuous monitoring of patients' motor function is imperative for optimizing Levodopa (L-dopa) dosage while mitigating adverse effects and motor activity decline. Tracking motor function alterations between visits is challenging, risking erroneous clinical decisions. Thus, there is a pressing need to furnish medical professionals with an ecosystem facilitating comprehensive Parkinson's stage evaluation and disease progression monitoring, particularly regarding tremor and bradykinesia. This study endeavors to establish a holistic ecosystem centered around an energy-efficient Wi-Fi-enabled wearable bracelet dubbed A-WEAR. A-WEAR functions as a data collection conduit for Parkinson's-related motion data, securely transmitting them to the Cloud for storage, processing, and severity estimation via bespoke learning algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate the resilience and effectiveness of the suggested technique, with 86.4% accuracy for bradykinesia and 90.9% accuracy for tremor estimation, along with good sensitivity and specificity for each scoring class. The recommended approach will support the timely determination of the severity of PD and ongoing patient activity monitoring. The system helps medical practitioners in decision making when initially assessing patients with PD and reviewing their progress and the effects of any treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using QR code-enabled medical bracelets for congenital heart disease (CHD) patients after hospital discharge to ensure quick communication of vital information to other medical personnel in emergency situations. A prospective study was conducted where QR code-enabled medical bracelets were given to families of postoperative pediatric cardiac patients. The QR code linked to a secure medical information sheet detailing the patient's cardiac history. Post-study surveys were completed by providers and families to assess their experiences with the bracelet. Of the 20 participants enrolled, 65% used the QR bracelet when seeking medical care. 55% found the bracelet useful, and 70% rated their experience as either "positive" or "very positive". Additionally, 80% recommended the bracelet for other patients undergoing cardiac procedures. The use of QR code bracelets for postoperative CHD patients has shown high levels of satisfaction from families and providers, potentially reducing medical errors and treatment delays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birch bark tar is one of the oldest man-made organic materials, which was most commonly served as adhesives in ancient Eurasia, but little is known about its usage in personal ornaments. In this study, we present the earliest direct evidence for the specific use of birch bark tar in the production of ornaments through chemical investigation (including FTIR, GC/MS, and Py-GC/MS) and imaging examination (including SEM and micro-CT). The chemical and microscopic analyses indicate that some beads and bracelets unearthed from a public cemetery (the Dayuanzi site) of an ancient state or tribe (Xinan Yi) on the eastern Yunnan plateau in southwest China dated to approximately 475 BCE–8 CE were exclusively made with birch bark tar. These ornaments represent a unique cultural phenomenon among ethnic groups in this region, which may contribute to a better understanding of plant exploitation and the related birch bark culture among different cultural groups and their interrelationships in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Text-to-speech (TTS) is a technology that converts text into sound using a phonetization system and is especially useful to be applied to blind aids who need information in the form of sound because of their limitations. To help the visually impaired know their health conditions where the visually impaired feel limited to going out during the pandemic. For this reason, it is necessary to make an aid that can read text-based data such as body temperature, heart rate per minute, and oxygen levels into a voice that can be heard by the blind, the method used in this study is finite state automata (FSA) which is used to split Indonesian words into words according to its syllable patterns and facilitate the pronunciation process which is included in the blind aids so that it is expected to help the visually impaired to be able to find out their health condition. In this study, the test was carried out using the confusion matrix method and the results obtained were 100% accurate, 99.71% accuracy of temperature sensor, 98% accuracy of heart rate, and 95% accuracy of oxygen saturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spondylus and Glycymeris bracelets, discovered in the necropolis of Cernica – Iezerul Monastery, located in the collections of the Bucharest Municipality Museum, are the subject of this study. According to the monograph and the excavation field notes, these ornaments were found (being deposited as a funeral offering) on a number of 11 deceased. The use-wear marks observed on some of the objects are the consequence of wear during the lives of the individuals, these objects were not created exclusively to be deposited as a funerary inventory.

This note introduces a code snippet in R aiming to generate necklaces as well as bracelets. Among various uses, necklaces are useful tools to manage traces of products of random matrices. Functionality for necklaces and bracelets is provided with some examples of applications such as Lyndon words and de Bruijn sequences. The routines are collected in the Necklaces package available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smartphone emergency medical identification (SEMID) applications are built-in health information-storing functions that are accessible without a passcode. The utility of these applications in the real-time resuscitation of trauma patients is unknown. We prospectively evaluated all trauma activation patients ≥16 y and unable to provide a medical history for any reason for the presence of a smartphone at our urban level I center between October 2020 and September 2021. Available smartphones were queried for SEMID utilization, categories of information contained, and real-time clinical relevance. One hundred and forty three patients with a median age of 39 y [interquartile range 28-59] and Injury Severity Score of 16 [2-29] were included. 30 (21%) patients arrived with a smartphone, 27 (90%) of which were accessible. 8 (30%) of those individuals utilized a SEMID application, and SEMID information was relevant for patient care in 6 cases (75%). The extracted information included: identifiers (75%), emergency contacts (50%), height/weight (38%), allergies (38%), age (38%), medications (25%), medical history (13%), and blood type (13%). Approximately one in five altered trauma patients have smartphones present at arrival, some of which contain medical information pertinent for immediate care. There is a pressing need for education and our institution has developed a publicly-facing campaign with shareable materials to improve SEMID awareness and utilization. Other centers are likely to find similar benefit. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, wearable sensors and mHealth applications are becoming an important part for recording and monitoring health parameters. The aim is to characterize bibli-ometric indicators on scientific productivity in the use of smart bracelets according to scientific journal, study topic and publication trend. A bibliometric study was per-formed. The data extracted from the articles were: year of publication, name of the journal, language of publication, country, type of study and subject matter. A total of 45 studies were identified (21 cross-sectional and 24 experimental), of which 43 were published in English, one in Spanish and one in German. A total of 32 scientific journals published eight research topics related to smartwatch use [active living with 17 studies (37.8%), followed by stress and anxiety with 7 studies (15.6%), nanogenerators (batteries) with 6 studies (13.3%), computing with 5 studies (11.1%), chronic diseases 4 studies (8.9%), COVID propagation 3 studies (6.7%), energy expenditure 2 studies (4.4%) and occupational health 1 study (2.2%)]. The journal Sensors (Basel) published the most articles in the last 6 years (n=7, 16%). The scientific productivity of both study types reflects a positive trend (cross-sectional studies R2= 0.82 and in experimental studies R2= 0.76). A total of 45 cross-sectional and experimental studies using smart-watches were verified in eight different study topics. The most investigated category was active living and the journal that published the highest number of articles was the journal Sensors (Basel). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals in the Global North wishing to support people in the Global South can purchase a fundraising bracelet in order to 'change lives'. This article examines the use of fundraising bracelets for International Development (FBID) as a form of 'New Development Responsibility'. We illustrate through a database and critical discourse analysis that FBID campaigns are a distinctly feminized version of ID aid where women are engaged as consumers, campaign founders and artisans. Our analysis of these different roles suggest that FBID represent a specifically feminized version of the 'White Saviour Complex' requiring further exploration, particularly around the 'accessorization' of ID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is dedicated to the characteristic X-ray analysis of a hoard composed of eight bracelets discovered in an Early Iron Age context at the Vânători site. In order to obtain a complete view over the bracelets, Particle Induced X-ray Emission and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence tests were performed. The goal was to obtain the main composing elements as well as trace elements in an effort to identify the type of alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]