1. Converting <scp> F ENO </scp> by different flows to standard flow <scp> F ENO </scp>
- Author
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Anssi Sovijärvi, L. P. Malmberg, Tuula Lindholm, Paul G. Lassmann-Klee, Päivi Piirilä, Lauri Lehtimäki, Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Clinicum, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, HUS Inflammation Center, and Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Adult population ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,alveolitis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,children ,BRONCHIAL NITRIC-OXIDE ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,adults ,multiple-flow ,COPD ,ALVEOLAR ,Medicine ,In patient ,Asthma ,business.industry ,Airway inflammation ,mouthwash ,030229 sport sciences ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,Individual level ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,3. Good health ,Clinical Practice ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,Cardiology ,ASTHMA ,3111 Biomedicine ,fractional exhaled nitric oxide (F-ENO()) ,Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ,business - Abstract
In clinical practice, assessment of expiratory nitric oxide (F-ENO) may reveal eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthmatic and other pulmonary diseases. Currently, measuring of F-ENO is standardized to exhaled flow level of 50 ml s(-1), since the expiratory flow rate affects the F-ENO results. To enable the comparison of F-ENO measured with different expiratory flows, we firstly aimed to establish a conversion model to estimate F-ENO at the standard flow level, and secondly, validate it in five external populations. F-ENO measurements were obtained from 30 volunteers (mixed adult population) at the following multiple expiratory flow rates: 50, 30, 100 and 300 ml s(-1), after different mouthwash settings, and a conversion model was developed. We tested the conversion model in five populations: healthy adults, healthy children, and patients with COPD, asthma and alveolitis. F-ENO conversions in the mixed adult population, in healthy adults and in children, showed the lowest deviation between estimated FENO from 100 ml s(-1) and measured F-ENO at 50 mL s(-1): -0 center dot 28 ppb, -0 center dot 44 ppb and 0 center dot 27 ppb, respectively. In patients with COPD, asthma and alveolitis, the deviation was -1 center dot 16 ppb, -1 center dot 68 ppb and 1 center dot 47 ppb, respectively. We proposed a valid model to convert F-ENO in healthy or mixed populations, as well as in subjects with obstructive pulmonary diseases and found it suitable for converting F-ENO measured with different expiratory flows to the standard flow in large epidemiological data, but not on individual level. In conclusion, a model to convert F-ENO from different flows to the standard flow was established and validated.
- Published
- 2019