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Introduction: The most common major salivary gland neoplasm is the Pleomorphic adenoma. Only 10% of the pleomorphic adenoma occur in minor salivary glands. 42.8% to 68.8% of cases with intraoral lesion occurs in the palate. Here we present a rare case of a pleomorphic adenoma masquerading as a lesion of odontogenic origin. Case report presents a male patient who reported with a chief complaint of swelling in the upper left tooth region since 3 months. Panoramic radiograph revealed shadow of a soft tissue swelling in the left maxillary posterior region with destruction and resorption of the alveolar process. Radiographic differential diagnosis of benign odontogenic/non-odontogenic cysts or tumours, benign minor salivary gland tumours were considered. Excisional biopsy was carried out and the lesion was removed in total up to the periosteum and the overlying mucosa and sent for histopathologic examination, which suggested pleomorphic adenoma. Conclusion: Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign neoplasm which has excellent prognosis with a cure rate of more than 95%. However, periodic long term follow up is mandatory.

Aims: Oral cancer remains a substantial global health burden. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a multi-step process characterized by invasive cancer and metastasis. Mucin 4 (MUC4) has been studied for its differential expression in cancer. The current study aimed to evaluate salivary MUC4 levels in subjects with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and OSCC. Methods: This case-control, cross-sectional study evaluated salivary MUC4 levels in healthy subjects (Group 1), OPMD patients (Group 2), and OSCC patients (Group 3). Saliva was collected from the subjects 1 h before food consumption using the spit method, and MUC4 levels were analyzed using an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The study included 26 controls (group 1, age, mean±SD: 42.9±7.2, males: 50%), 26 subjects with OPMD (group 2, age, mean±SD: 46.2±7.5, males: 73.1%), and 26 subjects with OSCC (group 3, age, mean±SD: 57.2±6.2, males: 65.4%). MUC4 levels were significantly higher in patients with OPMD (6.20±3.07 ng/dL) and OSCC (7.87±4.30 ng/dL) than in controls (4.22±2.05 ng/dL) (p=0.001). Group 3 had significantly higher salivary MUC4 levels than group 1. OSCC with TNM stage 4a had higher salivary MUC4 levels (8.53±4.15 ng/dL), followed by TNM stage 3 (7.49±4.93 ng/dL) and TNM stage 2 (6.33±2.89 ng/dL). Conclusions: Salivary MUC4 levels were significantly higher in patients with OPMD and OSCC. This study showed that MUC4 may play a role in the diagnosis of OPMD and OSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) conisit of the group of diseases of great importance for dentists. Oral leukoplakia (OL) has long been the subject of debate by numerous researchers. A common etiologic factor is tobacco, which is associated with oral cancer. The aim of the study is to indicate the severity of the lesion, the most common clinical characreistics and localization. The prevalence of leukoplakia in the world is 2.6% with a rate of malignant conversion ranging from 0.1% to 17.5%. Literature data about the prevalence and annual rate of malignant transformation, approximately 2%, indicate that these changes should be taken seriously and regularymonitored Conclusion: Occurate diagnosis provides the key to preventing to malignant transformation. Various medical and surgical treatment modalities for this lesion have been described. This article highlights various trends in the diagnosis and treatment of oral leukoplakia.

The basis of the problem: Parry Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare developmental disorder manifesting as a slow and progressive atrophy of the face which is often unilateral, hence also termed as rpogressivehemifacial atrophy. The extent of the atrophy may vary, involving the superficial skin extending upto the underlying bone. The clinical features of PRS include craniofacial, neurologic, ophthalmic and dermatological manifestations, which result in various functional and psychological problems. PRS and linear scleroderma belong to the same disease spectrum. There can be demarcating line between the normal and abnormal skin seen in PRS, termed as "en coup de sabre". PRS is most commonly seen in females and involves the left side of the face. Method: We hereby report a case of PRS in a young girl presenting with en coup de sabre appearance on the right side of face. Results: Microsurgical facial reconstruction of the affected side is known to be the gold standard method for correction of the facial symmetry. In our case, the patient is currently kept under long term follow up and cosmetic surgical treatment will be planned once the atrophy attains stability. Conclusion: The association of PRS with linear scleroderma may present difficulty in its diagnosis. Hence, careful recording of the history and clinical examination with appropriate investigations can aid in establishing the correct diagnosis.

Introduction: Developmental disturbances of teeth at the stage of morpho-differentiation have been related to abnormalities associated with changes in the tooth shape and size. Dens evaginatus and dens invaginatus are the developmental variations of the human dentition. Dens evaginatus, a rare anomaly characterized by the presence of a tubercle on the occlusal surface of teeth is seen to occur due to abnormal proliferation and folding of the inner enamel epithelium and part of the dental papilla into the stellate reticulum of the enamel organ; whereas, dens invaginatus is seen to occur due to infolding of the enamel and dentine into the pulp cavity and sometimes extending to the root apex. Case report: We report cases with bilateral dens evaginatus in mandibular second premolars and dens invaginatus in maxillary lateral incisor. Conclusion: Such developmental anomalies of teeth deserve clinical importance, as high chances of early pulpal pathosis.

Background: Oral cancer encompasses all malignancies that originate in the oral tissues and remains a major public health problem throughout the world as an important case of poor health and illness. Head and neck cancer accounts for 9.8% of the estimated 6,44,600 incidental cancer cases in India. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a serious and developing concern globally, accounting for more than 90% of malignant cancers of the oral cavity. Salivary diagnostics have been demonstrated to have potential in the detection and screening of oral pre-cancer and cancer in a variety of research settings. The continual and close contact between saliva and the mucosa, where cancer develops, is the foundation of this diagnostic capability. Materials and Methods: This research utilized spectrophotometry to quantify Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in serum and saliva of 30 healthy people which consisted the control group and 31 Oral Potentially Malignant people which constituted the study group. Results: On estimation and comparison, the mean Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in serum (397.4968+71.6392 IU/L) and saliva (675.4935+139.3352 IU/L) among patients with Oral Potentially malignant lesions/conditions were higher than the mean Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in serum (390.8667+71.0953 IU/L) and saliva (201.3700+89.1439 IU/L) among controls. Conclusion: Higher serum and salivary LDH levels in Oral Potentially malignant lesions/conditions than in control groups signifies the importance of assessing salivary LDH levels, in the prognosis of the same. Further prospective longitudinal studies are required to assess the salivary LDH levels among the patients with malignant transformation of Oral Potentially malignant lesions/conditions to oral cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT) is an uncommon, non-aggressive tumour arising from the odontogenic epithelium. It accounts for 3-7% of all odontogenic tumors. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the recent trends in the clinical and radiographic features of AOT. We conducted a comprehensive literature search regarding AOT in PubMed database over the last ten years using suitable search words. Out of 57 articles of AOT, 35 met the study criteria and were included in the review. The results our review results showed that the mandibular posterior region was the commonest site for the occurrence of AOT. This is contrary to the existing literature data which state that AOT is commonest in the maxillary anterior region. This review provides valuable information and update regarding the demographic details, clinical, radiographic and histologic features of AOT.

Aims: The ponticulus posticus (PP), a morphological variation in the atlanto-occipital region, is considered a cause of potential entrapment of the vertebral artery segment that traverses the foramen. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of PP in different skeletal malocclusion groups using lateral cephalograms. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 1,400 lateral cephalometric radiographs of subjects aged between 18-40 years. The radiographs were scrutinized for the presence of PP and its types as partial or complete. We evaluated PP according to gender and skeletal malformations as skeletal class-I, II, or III (determined using Point A - Nasion - Point B angle) by two independent examiners. Results: The study included 1400 cephalograms from 607 males (43.4%) and 793 females (56.6%). The mean age was 21.96±0.24 years. PP was more common among male subjects (30.9%) compared with the female subjects (p=0.001). It was predominantly observed among the skeletal class-III (27.8%) malocclusion, followed by class-I (23.1%) and class-II (20.6%) malocclusion (p=0.049). Considering the types of PP, the partial form was more frequent among males (71.8%) and females (75.2%). Conclusions: In this study, the occurrence of PP was observed in 23.5% of the population, predominantly among males. The highest frequency of PP was in the population with skeletal class-III malocclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Naissi is the property of Clinic of Stomatology Nis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Naissi is the property of Clinic of Stomatology Nis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the etiology of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Despite the high proportion of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) in India, there only a few studies on the HPV status. The present study evaluated the HPV status of OSCC and its association with age, site, and tobacco habits. Methods: A total of 60 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were included in the study, of which 30 were cases with OSCC and 30 formed the control group. The study group consisted of 30 subjects with primary, untreated, histologically confirmed cases of OSCC. The tissues were evaluated for the presence of HPV DNA using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Tissues which tested positive for HPV were further tested for HPV 16 and HPV 18. Results: In the study group, 83% were males and 17% were females with an average age of 58 years. The commonest sites of OSCC were the alveolus, alveologingival sulcus, and tongue. All subjects except one had tobacco habit. Among OSCC cases, 16.7% tested positive for HPV and controls were positive in 3.3% samples. HPV 16 was the most common HPV type detected in 60% of HPV-positive OSCC cases, while HPV 18 was present in 20%. Tobacco habits were present in 80% of the HPV-positive cases, while no habit history was reported in 20% of cases. Conclusion: Tobacco habits such as smoking and use of smokeless tobacco are found predominantly in OSCC and are the most common etiological factors. The present study found a prevalence of 16.7% of HPV-associated OSCC, with most cases also having tobacco habits. Thus, HPV as an etiological factor in OSCC is confounded by the presence of tobacco-associated risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Naissi is the property of Clinic of Stomatology Nis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)