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26. Pilot-Scale Investigation of an Innovative Process for Biogas Upgrading with CO2 Capture and Storage

Author

Baciocchi, R, Carnevale, E, Corti, A, Costa, G, Lombardi, L, Olivieri, T, Paradisi, A, Zanchi, L, and Zingaretti, D

Subjects
Air pollution control residues, Aqueous solution, Calcium hydroxide, Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-Ambientale, Waste management, Accelerated carbonation, Chemistry, Precipitation (chemistry), Carbon dioxide removal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Calcium carbonate, Biogas, Energy(all), Biogas upgrading, Alkali absorption, CO2 capture and storage, Absorption (chemistry), Alkali hydroxide
Abstract

In this work an innovative carbon dioxide removal method that, differently from the currently employed commercial techniques, allows also to capture and store the separated CO 2 is investigated. This process, Alkali absorption with Regeneration (AwR), consists in a first step in which CO 2 is separated from the biogas by chemical absorption with an alkali aqueous solution followed by a second step in which the spent absorption solution is regenerated for reuse in the first step and the captured CO 2 is stored in a solid and thermodynamically stable form. The latter process is carried out contacting the spent absorption solution, rich in carbonate and bicarbonate ions, with a waste material characterized by a high content of calcium hydroxide and leads to the precipitation of calcium carbonate and to the regeneration of the alkali hydroxide content of the solution. The proposed processes were first investigated by preliminary laboratory and simulation analysis. On the basis of the results of these tests, air pollution control (APC) residues from Waste-to-Energy plants were selected as the material to use for the regeneration step and a pilot-scale regeneration plant was designed, built and installed in a landfill site downstream of the already existing absorption column. In this paper the sizing and design of the regeneration plant and the results of the preliminary AwR pilot- plant tests are reported. This study was carried out within the framework of the UPGAS-LOWCO2 (LIFE08/ENV/IT/000429) Life+ project.

Published
2013
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35. Storage of carbon dioxide captured in a pilot-scale biogas upgrading plant by accelerated carbonation of industrial residues

Author

Baciocchi, R, Ciocchi, R, Corti, A, Costa, G, Lombardi, L, and Zingaretti, D

Subjects
Akali regeneration, Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-Ambientale, Waste management, Carbonation, Lab scale, Pilot scale, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pilot plant, Landfill gas, Energy(all), Alkaline industrial residues, Biogas, chemistry, Biogas upgrading, Carbon dioxide, CO2 capture and storage
Abstract

This work reports the preliminary evaluations obtained within the UPGAS-LOW CO2 project (LIFE08 ENV/IT/000429) concerning innovative methods for biogas upgrading through CO2 capture and storage. One of the methods studied in this project is chemical absorption of the CO2 contained in landfill gas with a KOH solution followed by carbonation of the spent solution with selected industrial residues to regenerate the alkaline solution and store CO2 in a solid phase (calcite). This paper presents the main results of the lab scale experiments carried out to evaluate the effects o f the main operating parameters on the carbonation reaction so to identify the conditions that allow to maximize the CO2 uptake of the solid residues and the percentage of KOH that can be regenerated for the absorption process. These results provide the dataset for the design of a pilot plant unit to be built and operated in the follow-up of the project.

Published
2011
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44. Comparative Life-cycle Assessment of Slurry and Wet Accelerated Carbonation of BOF Slag

Author

Ghasemi, S., Costa, G., Zingaretti, D., Bäbler, Matthäus, Baciocchi, R., Ghasemi, S., Costa, G., Zingaretti, D., Bäbler, Matthäus, and Baciocchi, R.

Abstract

This work reports the results of the life cycle assessment (LCA) of two carbonation processes aimed at permanent CO2 storage, employing Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag from steel manufacturing as alkalinity source. Specifically, the performance of the slurry phase and wet carbonation routes were compared assuming to store the CO2 emitted from a 10 MW conventional natural gas power plant. The LCA was based on the material and energy requirements for each of the involved process steps, i.e. pre-treatment and transport of raw materials, CO2 compression, carbonation, post treatments and management of the obtained products. The slurry and wet route resulted in a net avoided greenhouse warming potential (GWP) of 473 and 384 kg CO2/MWhel, respectively. Nevertheless, both routes affected the other environmental impact categories. In general, the wet route had approximately two times higher impact than the slurry route, due in particular to the higher material and energy requirements. An exception was the abiotic resource depletion which resulted higher for the slurry route due to greater water requirement with respect to the wet route. The contributions to all mid-point impact categories were mainly due to energy requirements. A sensitivity analysis showed that the environmental impacts are affected by the energy mix and by the transport distance of slags and carbonation products., QC 20171020

Published
2017
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45. After 25 Years Of Contaminated Land-Related Human Exposure Models: Ready, Steady, Go?

Author

Swartjes, F., Wragg, J., Cave, M., Baciocchi, R., Verginelli, I., Pecoraro, R., Provoost, J., Ohlsson, Y., Reis, P.M., Pardo, Corinne, Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux - - DRIIHM / IRDHEI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0010 - LABX - VALID, Department of Mechanical Engineering [Massachusetts Institute of Technology] (MIT-MECHE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Cambridge] (CEE), and ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011)

Subjects
[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

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