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Background: There is a paucity of literature exploring the role of bariatric surgery in class 1 obesity. We evaluated the 5-year outcomes after bariatric surgery in patients with class 1 obesity, assessing weight loss, resolution/reduction of obesity-related comorbidities, morbidity and mortality. Methods: We performed a single-centre retrospective analysis of patients who underwent bariatric surgery (laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [LSG] or laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [LRYGB)]) for class 1 obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30.0-34.9) between January 2012 and February 2019. Results: Thirty-seven patients (35 [95%] female, mean age 44.5 yr [standard error (SE) 11.3 yr], mean preoperative BMI 33.1) were included, of whom 32 underwent LSG and 5 underwent LRYGB. Thirty-five patients were followed for 5 years post-operatively, achieving a mean BMI of 25.6 (SE 1.2) and excess weight loss of 89.4% (SE 15.1%). Remission of hypertension was achieved in 5 of 12 patients (42%), and remission of dyslipidemia was achieved in 7 of 11 patients (64%). Of the 11 patients with diabetes, 7 underwent LSG and 4, LRYGB. At 5 years postoperatively, the mean glycosylated hemoglobin concentration was 6.3%. Four patients in the LSG group developed de novo refux, 1 patient required conversion to LRYGB, and 1 patient with sleeve stenosis required endoscopic dilatation. There were no deaths in either patient group. Conclusion: At our centre, bariatric surgery for class 1 obesity was safe and had long-term efficacy, with remission or reduction of related comorbidities. Prospective controlled trials are required to confirm these results. Contexte : Il existe peu de données sur le recours à la chirurgie bariatrique en cas d'obésité de classe 1. Nous avons étudié les effets à 5 ans chez cette population en évaluant la perte de poids, la rémission ou l'amélioration des comorbidités et les taux de morbidité et de mortalité associés à l'obésité. Méthodes : Notre analyse rétrospective monocentrique portait sur des patients traités en chirurgie bariatrique (gastrectomie longitudinale laparoscopique [GLL] ou dérivation gastrique de Roux-en-Y par laparoscopie) pour une obésité de classe 1 (indice de masse corporelle [IMC] 30,0-34,9) entre janvier 2012 et février 2019. Résultats : Des 37 patients inclus (35 femmes [95%], âge moyen 44,5 ans [erreur type (ET) 11,3 ans], IMC préopératoire moyen 33,1), 32 avaient subi une GLL (dont 7 diabétiques), et 5, une dérivation gastrique (dont 4 diabétiques). Cinq ans après l'intervention, l'IMC moyen des 35 patients encore suivis s'élevait à 25,6 (ET 1,2), avec une perte de 89,4% de l'excès de poids (ET 15,1%). L'hypertension et la dyslipidémie avaient disparu chez 5 patients sur 12 (42%) et 7 patients sur 11 (64%), respectivement. Le taux d'hémoglobine glyquée moyen des patients diabétiques s'élevait alors à 6,3%. Dans le groupe GLL, il y a eu 4 refux gastro-oesophagiens de novo et 1 sténose, traitée par dilatation endoscopique. Une dérivation gastrique s'est également imposée dans 1 cas. Aucun décès n'est survenu dans l'un ou l'autre des groupes. Conclusion : Dans notre centre, la chirurgie bariatrique en cas d'obésité de classe 1 était sûre, efficace à long terme et permettait la rémission ou l'amélioration des comorbidités. Ces résultats doivent être confirmés par des études prospectives contrôlées., Despite national awareness and multiple campaigns highlighting the importance of maintaining an ideal body weight, the proportion of Canadians with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 continues to [...]

Background/Objectives: Physical activity is an important protective factor throughout life. However, little research has observed the associations between the practice of physical activity and academic success longitudinally, and none have done so with a pan-Canadian sample. This article aims to examine the prospective associations between active leisure in middle childhood and academic achievement in emerging adulthood, for both boys and girls, beyond several family factors. Methods: Participants are 2775 children from the National Longitudinal Study on Children and Youth (NLSCY) aged between 12 and 20 years. Active leisure was self-reported by children at age 12 years regarding their weekly organized sport, artistic sport, and unstructured physical activity participation outside of school hours. Academic success was measured by self-reported school average at age 18 years and the obtention of high school diploma at age 20 years. Results: Girls who engaged in more organized or artistic sports at age 12 years had better academic results at age 18 years (respectively β = −0.082, p < 0.01; β = −0.228, p < 0.001). Both boys and girls who partook in more organized sports at age 12 years were more likely to graduate from high school by age 20 years (respectively β = −0.146, p < 0.001; β = −0.071, p < 0.05). However, girls who engaged in more unstructured physical activity at age 12 years had lower academic achievement at age 18 years (β = 0.077, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Policy makers should aim to reduce the many barriers to an active lifestyle in childhood. Parents should be encouraged to lead their children to go play outside with friends to allow them to fully reap the benefits of an active lifestyle from a young age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the need for innovative and adaptive behavioral interventions, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the limited focus on behavioral research in COVID-19 trials and emphasizes the importance of health behavior interventions in addressing chronic diseases. The International Behavioural Trials Network (IBTN) aims to improve the quality of behavioral interventions and trial implementation through sharing recommendations and tools. The article also explores the globalization of behavioral science, the importance of bridging theory and intervention design, the need for systems approaches in behavioral interventions, and the challenges of intervention adaptation and implementation. It concludes by emphasizing the significance of implementation science in the development and scaling up of interventions. [Extracted from the article]

BackgroundHealth behaviors such as physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, smoking tobacco, and alcohol use are leading risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases and play a central role in limiting health and life satisfaction. To date, however, health behaviors tend to be considered separately from one another, resulting in guidelines and interventions for healthy aging siloed by specific behaviors and often focused only on a given health behavior without considering the co-occurrence of family, social, work, and other behaviors of everyday life. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to understand how behaviors cluster and how such clusters are associated with physical and mental health, life satisfaction, and health care utilization may provide opportunities to leverage this co-occurrence to develop and evaluate interventions to promote multiple health behavior changes. MethodsUsing cross-sectional baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, we will perform a predefined set of exploratory and hypothesis-generating analyses to examine the co-occurrence of health and everyday life behaviors. We will use agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis to cluster individuals based on their behavioral tendencies. Multinomial logistic regression will then be used to model the relationships between clusters and demographic indicators, health care utilization, and general health and life satisfaction, and assess whether sex and age moderate these relationships. In addition, we will conduct network community detection analysis using the clique percolation algorithm to detect overlapping communities of behaviors based on the strength of relationships between variables. ResultsBaseline data for the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were collected from 51,338 participants aged between 45 and 85 years. Data were collected between 2010 and 2015. Secondary data analysis for this project was approved by the Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board (protocol ID #20190506-01H). ConclusionsThis study will help to inform the development of interventions tailored to subpopulations of adults (eg, physically inactive smokers) defined by the multiple behaviors that describe their everyday life experiences. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/24887