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Copyright of Biological Invasions is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tanzania Journal of Health Research is the property of Tanzania Health Research User's Trust Fund and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La higiene de manos es una medida simple y efectiva para disminuir la tasa de transmisión de agentes infecciosos como bacterias y virus. Esta práctica fue adoptada a partir de observaciones e hipótesis sobre la relación entre la transmisión de enfermedades y las manos sucias. Los estudios científicos muestran que el mecanismo de acción del jabón y el alcohol es similar, ambos tienen la capacidad de desnaturalizar proteínas y disolver lípidos que se encuentran en bacterias y virus, provocando su lisis. La higiene excesiva puede también alterar las características de la piel. Debido a la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas potencialmente mortales, la higiene de manos sigue siendo un tema de estudio, controversia, y preocupación mundial.

Bioplastics composed of renewable sources and antimicrobial components are desirable in food packaging. This study prepared bioplastic films with cassava starch and rosemary essential oil using a casting methodology. Film antibacterial activity, water vapour transmission (Wvt), mechanical resistance, and microstructure were measured after exposure to pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. Antibacterial activity was evidenced against the pathogens evaluated except for B. cereus. The films showed average values of Wvt 3.6988 (10-14 g/Pa s m), tensile strength 8.90 MPa, young modulus 1679.72 MPa, and elongation at break 4.33%. Film microstructure showed good adhesion to bioplastic components in the matrix. Bioplastics of cassava starch and rosemary oil constitute potential food packaging solutions mainly for fruits, egg-based products or chicken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The work was carried out with the objective of determining the best combination of rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi strains in two bean cultivars: CC25-9 black and Lewa in a Nitisol soil. It was used in a randomized block design. Using a bifactorial arrangement, the factors under study were: four levels of rhizobia: three strains and a control without inoculation and four levels of mycorrhizal inoculation: two strains and a control without inoculation, for a total of twelve treatments. The variables evaluated were: height of the plant, diameter of the stem, dry mass of the leaves and the stem, yield and its components. The results in the yield of the crop, showed that the best combinations for the cultivar CC 25-9 are INCAM 4+CIAT 899 and INCAM 11 with CF 1 and CIAT 899 and although these results did not differ from the rest of the coinoculated treatments, they were superior to the simple inoculation of the microorganisms. In the Lewa cultivar, the best combination was INCAM 4+CIAT 899, although without differences with INCAM 4+CF 1; INCAM 11 combined with the three rhizobia strains and the simple inoculation of CIAT 899. The effectiveness of the simple inoculation of the AMF strains INCAM 4 and INCAM 11 was different, it was depend on the cultivars under study. The degree of effectiveness of the simple inoculation of the rhizobia also depended on the cultivar, with CIAT 899 behaving as the best strain for the Lewa cultivar, while in the CC 25-9 N cultivar the three strains behaved similarly. The most effective coinoculation turns out to be INCAM 11+CIAT 899, INCAM 11+CF 1 and INCAM 4+CIAT 899, this last combination being the most efficient for cultivar Lewa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La biorremediación de hidrocarburos en el suelo mediante el uso de bacterias ha ganado relevancia en los últimos años, al subrayar su eficacia como una técnica tanto ambientalmente sostenible como económicamente viable. Este trabajo ha revelado que la bioestimulación y la bioaumentación son métodos efectivos para la degradación de contaminantes, si se presentan las condiciones ambientales favorables y se seleccionan los microorganismos correctos; no obstante, se han identificado desafíos en la aplicación práctica, especialmente en cuanto a la competencia con la microbiota nativa y la adaptación a las condiciones locales. Mediante un análisis exhaustivo de estudios recientes, este artículo profundiza en los parámetros críticos como el pH, la temperatura, la eficiencia de remediación y los mecanismos de acción involucrados. Se revisa y analiza la literatura científica sobre la biorremediación de hidrocarburos por bacterias, evaluando los parámetros fisicoquímicos, sus mecanismos de acción y la eficiencia mediante los métodos de bioestimulación y bioaumentación, destacando la importancia de las bacterias en la mitigación de la contaminación por hidrocarburos, y ofreciendo una perspectiva sobre las investigaciones necesarias para superar las barreras actuales y mejorar la eficiencia de estas técnicas.

En Nicaragua el maíz se produce principalmente por pequeños y medianos productores; parte de la producción se destina al comercio y el resto se destina como semilla (siembra), no obstante, la producción se ve afectada por problemas ocasionados por patógenos, particularmente el grupo de las bacterias. Esta investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de identificar fitobacterias asociadas a semillas de maíz y su efecto sobre la germinación. Se utilizaron 50 muestras de semillas proporcionadas por el Instituto de Protección y Sanidad Agropecuaria, las que procedían de Managua, Chinandega, León y Matagalpa, departamentos de Nicaragua. Para el aislamiento e identificación de las fitobacterias se utilizó la metodología de cámaras húmedas, medios de cultivos específicos, diferenciales, pruebas fenotípicas y los postulados de Koch para observar síntomas en plantas de 20 días de edad. Se realizaron pruebas de germinación en 400 semillas (cuatro repeticiones) por fitobacteria identificada y para el testigo y se observaron los síntomas producidos por las fitobacterias en las plántulas. Se obtuvieron 16 aislados de Burkholderia andropogonis (Smith) Gillis et al y un aislado de Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall. Los síntomas ocasionados por Burkholderia andropogonis (Smith) Gillis et al se manifestaron como manchas en las hojas de colores rojizas castañas y Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall, presentó síntomas en forma de manchas claras de forma elípticas con halos amarrillos en la punta de las hojas bajeras. Mediante la prueba de germinación se comprobó que las fitobacterias no inciden en la germinación de las semillas de maíz, pero si se observaron síntomas de la enfermedad en las hojas verdaderas y en las raíces.

Debido a su durabilidad, versatilidad y bajo coste, los productos plásticos resultan fundamentales en la sociedad actual; sin embargo, estas mismas propiedades, responsables de su gran popularidad, también convierten a estos materiales en una amenaza medioambiental, provocando serios problemas entre los que destaca la liberación de microplásticos (MPs). Los MPs, definidos como partículas poliméricas con un tamaño inferior a 5 mm, son muy diversos en cuanto a composición, tamaño y forma, siendo capaces además de transportar sobre su superficie otros contaminantes y microorganismos, lo que incrementa los potenciales efectos adversos de estas micropartículas. Aunque los MPs se encuentran de manera ubicua en todo el planeta, su presencia es notoria en los ecosistemas acuáticos, especialmente los marinos, ya que las masas de agua naturales reciben la gran mayoría de los plásticos vertidos al medioambiente. Recientemente, la biorremediación ha sido propuesta como una interesante alternativa para luchar contra la creciente problemática derivada de la contaminación plástica; por ello, el objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica es analizar las posibles vías de eliminación de los MPs de origen fósil y no biodegradables en entornos acuáticos, mediante bacterias, hongos y organismos superiores, recopilando los últimos avances en este campo.

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Food poisoning caused by pathogenic bacteria present in meats is a growing public health problem. The main method for the identification of these pathogens is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the bibliometrics of PCR as applied to the identification of pathogenic bacteria in meats. Methodology: Keywords are identified and search equation is structured in Scopus and WoS databases. Graph analysis was performed using the Bibliometrix, Sci2 Tool and Gephi tools, which are integrated in the R studio software, after which the tree of science metaphor was used. Results: In the last 10 years, scientific production in areas focused on molecular biology has increased. The most outstanding topics are related to: contaminants and interferences in PCR, the importance of having internal amplification control sequences in PCR, as well as advances in the standardization of real-time PCR protocols. Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes stand out as the most investigated in meat matrices. The most used genes in the detection of Salmonella sp are staA, viaB and the sopE for species; for L. monocytogenes it is the hlyA gene. Conclusions: Some of the countries with the highest annual per capita meat consumption are the United States of America, Kuwait, Mexico, Argentina, Austria and Mongolia; however, only the United States of America ranks third in scientific productivity on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Científica de Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Revista Cientifica de Ciencias de la Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bistua: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Basicas de la Universidad de Pamplona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ingeniería del Agua is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. En los últimos años se ha visto un aumento en el consumo de productos agrícolas frescos, lo que genera preocupación por brotes alimentarios relacionados con estos, debido a la incorporación de microorganismos patógenos en los frutos. Los aspectos relacionados con esta incorporación han sido estudiados en algunos frutos, sin embargo, no se ha logrado esclarecer todo lo asociado con este tema. Objetivo. Investigar y resumir lo relacionado con la incorporación de microorganismos patógenos en estructuras frutales. Desarrollo. Este trabajo se realizó en Costa Rica entre julio de 2021 y setiembre de 2022; en él se contrasta la definición de internalización e infiltración y se describen las condiciones que favorecen la incorporación de microorganismos patógenos en los frutos, así como las vías de entrada y los patrones de distribución de los microorganismos incorporados. También se discuten las estrategias de control para prevenir la incorporación de patógenos en dichas estructuras. Conclusión. La mayoría de las investigaciones sobre la incorporación de microorganismos patógenos en frutos se concentran en pocos productos y rinden resultados diversos y a veces contradictorios. Resulta pertinente orientar investigaciones futuras hacia la valoración del fenómeno en condiciones más cercanas a las de operaciones comerciales de interés, así como reforzar las estrategias que aseguren una adecuada implementación de las buenas prácticas agrícolas y las buenas prácticas de manufactura.

Introducción. Los bioestimulantes son productos orgánicos que mejoran la absorción de nutrientes de las plantas, entre ellos sustancias húmicas, aminoácidos, extractos de algas y bacterias promotoras del crecimiento de las plantas; y se han identificado numerosos mecanismos y de selectividad de bioestimulantes para nutrientes específicos. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de la aplicación de bioestimulantes en la producción de pepino y melón en invernadero. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron los bioestimulantes BioRemedy 2,0 g L-1, Grand Sill 2,0 g L-1, Fossil 5,0 g L-1, L-Amino 2,0 mL L-3 y un Testigo (con aplicación de solo agua), en tres estadios de desarrollo de los cultivos. El experimento fue establecido bajo un diseño experimental completamente aleatorio desbalanceado con 10 tratamientos. Cada unidad experimental estuvo constituida por tres hileras. Las variables de respuestas fueron: altura de planta, grosor de tallo, número de frutos, tamaño del fruto, volumen del fruto y peso de frutos (rendimiento). Resultados. Los bioestimulantes tuvieron mejor efecto en la altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, volumen de fruto en el pepino. En melón los bioestimulantes tuvieron mayor efecto en el volumen de fruto y peso. Se encontró que Fossil mostró mejor efecto para la altura de planta en ambas especies y el BioRemedy resulto ser el mejor para el diámetro de tallo, volumen de fruto, peso de fruto y número de frutos. Conclusión. El BioRemedy fue el mejor bioestimulante para el diámetro de tallo, el volumen y peso de fruto para el cultivo de pepino y melón. El L-amino tuvo mejor respuesta para diámetro de tallo en melón.

Hoy en día, los derrames de petróleo no son casos aislados. El uso en gran medida de hidrocarburos genera altas tasas de probabilidades de derrames. Lamentablemente, el Perú no es la excepción en la incidencia de derrames de petróleo. Ante estos eventos la biorremediación con microorganismos marinos (bacterias y cianobacterias) surge como una solución sostenible para implementar planes de contingencia ante potenciales acontecimientos de contaminación por hidrocarburos. Entre las bacterias más importantes resaltan los géneros Achromobacter, Acinetobacter y Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Haloferula, Ruegeria y Alcanivorax. Asimismo, bacterias nativas peruanas como Vibrio fluvialis y Vibrio sp. y la cianobacteria Anabaena cicadae han mostrado potencial de biodegradación. Es imperativo que las autoridades promuevan la investigación sobre el uso de consorcios microbianos autóctonos en ambientes naturales en adición de nutrientes, en diferentes estratos y zonificación de la costa peruana.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los microorganismos (bacterias y/o levaduras) aislados de muestras provenientes de pacientes recluidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un Hospital Centinela de la ciudad de Maracaibo, con diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19, durante el periodo comprendido entre el 01 de enero del 2020 y el 31 de mayo de 2021. Se evaluó, igualmente, la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de los microorganismos aislados. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 54,42 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (56%) y adultos (66,00%). El 41,75% (89/206) de los cultivos resultó positivo. En el 72% (36/50) de los pacientes se obtuvo cultivos mixtos con bacterias y levaduras. En las bacterias, la tasa de resistencia observada a todos los antibióticos resultó elevada (> al 50%). Todas las cepas resultaron multirresistentes. La resistencia antifúngica fue variable según el fármaco empleado, voriconazol (8,57%), fluconazol (3,57%); mientras que, para caspofungina, se observó total sensibilidad (100%). Los microorganismos más frecuentes fueron: Complejo Candida albicans (17,45%), Complejo Acinetobacter baumannii (15,3%) y Klebsiella pneumoniae (13,96%), resultados que evidencian el predominio de estos patógenos oportunistas como posibles causantes de colonización y/o coinfecciones en los pacientes afectados por COVID-19; así como también, su manifiesta resistencia a múltiples antimicrobianos

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The discharge of hospital wastewater leads to the establishment of microorganisms from human biota in aquatic ecosystems. This is risky, as there is the possibility of horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from bacteria to other bacterial strains in the aquatic ecosystem and the environment in general, contributing to the expansion of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the therapeutic ineffectiveness of these medicines. Objective: To demonstrate the environmental risk due to discharge of wastewater from a hospital into an urban river in Santa Clara, Cuba. Materials and Methods: Bacteria were isolated from sediment and soil from the banks of the Bélico river and their resistance to parenteral antibiotics for intra-hospital use employed between 2015 and 2019 was determined. If positive, the environmental risk of these medicines in terrestrial surface waters was estimated, and the resistance of in-hospital strains was assessed. Results and Discussion: All isolated bacterial strains were resistant to at least one of the parenteral antibiotics for intra-hospital use employed in the period under study. All antibiotics were environmentally risky in terrestrial surface waters. There was a high antibiotic resistance of the strains isolated from hospitalized patients. Conclusions: The discharge of untreated wastewater into the Bélico river led to the establishment of bacterial strains which can have a negative impact on the environment, including human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Matronas Hoy is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Matronas (AEM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O estudo objetiva estudar a otimização da produção homemade associada de enzimas amilolíticas e celulolíticas por fermentação submersa. A produção de enzimas foi realizada utilizando bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e farinha de triticale como substratos do meio fermentativo, utilizando bactérias isoladas de resíduos agroindustriais. Os extratos enzimáticos foram avaliados quanto à atividade amilolítica e celulolítica. As variáveis significativas (p

Los nematodos fitopatógenos son una amenaza para la producción agrícola, causando enfermedades en las plantas y pérdidas económicas en todo el mundo. En la actualidad, la búsqueda de compuestos de origen biológico para estos nematodos, como una alternativa amigable con el ambiente, se ha convertido en prioridad. Los compuestos derivados de microorganismos cuentan con diferentes mecanismos de acción para reducir las poblaciones de juveniles infecciosos de nematodos. A pesar de que la literatura reporta revisiones sobre los microorganismos y sus metabolitos nematicidas, no se destacan las interacciones entre hongos, bacterias y nematodos, así como de los compuestos que se generan en tales interacciones. El objetivo de esta revisión fue discutir los avances recientes sobre compuestos químicos secretados por microorganismos y mecanismos de interacción para el control biológico de nematodos fitopatógenos. Los resultados se organizaron en función de i) mecanismos de acción, ii) proceso de infección, iii) compuestos nematicidas, iv) interacciones y aplicaciones a las soluciones en campo y v) desafíos actuales. El enfoque de esta revisión contribuye a una mejor comprensión de la utilidad de los compuestos producidos por bacterias y hongos que permitan incorporarlos en el desarrollo de planes de manejo para el control de nematodos.

Los pequeños roedores son los reservorios naturales más importantes de especies patógenas de Leptospira spp. En Yucatán, México, varias especies de estos pequeños roedores han sido descritas como portadores. Se reconoce que, para disminuir el riesgo de transmisión de Leptospira spp. a los hospederos susceptibles, entre ellos los seres humanos, es relevante identificar a los portadores y conocer su distribución. El objetivo es evidenciar la presencia de Leptospira spp. patógena en pequeños roedores capturados en Tinum, Yucatán, México. Se capturaron 47 roedores de las especies Heteromys gaumeri, Ototylomys phyllotis, Peromyscus yucatanicus, Sigmodon hispidus y Mus musculus en cuatro sitios del municipio de estudio. Se recolectó un fragmento de riñón que se empleó en la extracción de ADN total. Se utilizaron dos reacciones en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) punto final para detectar ADN de Leptospira spp. La especie de bacteria se determinó mediante análisis bioinformáticos y la construcción de un árbol filogenético. Las reacciones arrojaron una frecuencia total de infección del 8,5 % (IC 95 % 3,3 – 19,9 %). Todos los ejemplares positivos fueron O. phyllotis. La especie identificada en los análisis bioinformáticos y el árbol filogenético fue L. interrogans. Esta especie de Leptospira es importante para la salud pública, debido a que es responsable de la mayor parte de los casos graves de leptospirosis en humanos. Asimismo, ha sido identificada previamente en pequeños roedores de México y Yucatán. Los hallazgos apuntan a que O. phyllotis es portador de L. interrogans. Son necesarios más estudios para establecer el riesgo de transmisión por contacto con otros hospederos susceptibles, incluyendo seres humanos.

Introducción: El vertimiento de aguas residuales hospitalarias conduce al establecimiento de microorganismos de la biota humana en ecosistemas acuáticos. Lo anterior es riesgoso, al existir la posibilidad de transferencia génica horizontal de genes de resistencia de antibióticos de las bacterias a otras cepas bacterianas del ecosistema acuático y del ambiente en general; contribuyendo a la expansión de la resistencia bacteriana a antibióticos y la inefectividad terapéutica de estos medicamentos. Objetivo: Demostrar el riesgo ambiental por vertimiento de aguas residuales de un hospital a un río urbano en Santa Clara, Cuba. Materiales y Métodos: Se aislaron bacterias del sedimento y suelo de la ribera del río Bélico y se determinó su resistencia a los antibióticos parenterales de uso intrahospitalario empleados entre 2015 y 2019. De ser esta positiva, se estimó el riesgo ambiental de estos medicamentos en aguas superficiales terrestres y se valoró la resistencia de cepas intrahospitalarias. Resultados y Discusión: Todas las cepas bacterianas aisladas fueron resistentes al menos a uno de los antibióticos parenterales de uso intrahospitalario empleados en el período objeto de estudio. Todos los antibióticos resultaron ambientalmente riesgosos en aguas superficiales terrestres. Existió una elevada resistencia microbiana a antibióticos en las cepas aisladas de pacientes hospitalizados. Conclusiones: El vertimiento de las aguas residuales sin tratar al río Bélico, condujo al establecimiento de cepas bacterianas que pueden tener un impacto negativo en el ambiente, incluyendo la salud humana.

Milk is understood to be the product that arises from the normal secretion of the mammary glands of mammals. Milk is a good culture medium for the growth of various microorganisms due to its water content, almost neutral pH, and a wide variety of nutrients such as lactose. As a derivative of milk, cheese is produced, which is obtained by maturing the milk curd and eliminating the whey. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the presence or absence of Staphylococcus sp. in fresh cheese sold in San Salvador. For this, ten samples were obtained from different points of sale, subsequently, they were taken to the INNOVET laboratory, where the Staphylococcus genus was isolated. For the typing of the aureus species, biochemical coagulase and catalase tests were performed. Of the ten samples obtained, 100% showed the presence of the genus to be investigated. A very important fact to mention was the presence of microbial E. coli in sample four; samples one, two, three and five presented for Proteus vulgaris, both bacteria found belong to Enterobacteriaceae. Unpasteurized dairy products contain a bacterial load, which can be harmful to some individuals. It is important to emphasize that the genera found in the samples are widely distributed in the environment, however, it is necessary to consider the contamination of products of animal origin either due to the contaminated dairy product, due to poor handling or due to both situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the research was to determine the variability of the total numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi under stress associated with the presence of exogenous organic matter in the soil. Additonaly, the ratio of the total number of bacteria and actinomycetes to the number of fungi was calculated. Another goal of the experiment was to observe the effect of substrates absorbing water and minimizing drought stress on the number of soil microorganisms. Organic waste materials applied to the soil did not significantly affect the number of microorganisms, i.e. bacteria, actinomycetes or the ratio of bacteria and actinomycetes on the one hand to fungi on the other. The results of the research prove the possibility of utilizing organic matter produced by sewage treatment plants, waste treatment plants or mushroom farms as substances enriching the soil of urban green areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infectious enteritis is highly prevalent among dogs worldwide and, in some cases, it can be fatal. This study describes the clinical and laboratorial findings of single and mixed infections associated with severe enteritis in 76 dogs from Southern Brazil. Intestinal segments and/or fecal samples were subjected to histopathology and molecular detection of DNA viruses, bacteria and protozoa. Severe intestinal lesions were observed in most cases. Single infections were detected in 52.6% of cases, double (36.8%) and triple (10.5%) infections were also identified. Carnivore protoparvovirus 2 (CPV-2) was the most frequent agent in single infections (36.8%). Coinfection by CPV-2 and Giardia spp. was the most common in dual infections (19.7%), followed by CPV-2 and Cryptosporidium spp. (10.5%). The most frequent triple infection was CPV-2, Giardia sp. and Cryptosporidium spp. (6.6%). Our results shown that single and mixed infections are associated with severe enteritis in dogs in southern Brazil, mainly involving CPV-2 and Giardia sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is related to phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms - MSF, emphasizing on bacteria - BSF, and compiles information based on research results, which proposes the availability of phosphorus in the plant rhizosphere due to the activity of the associated microbiome, taking as a case study BSF in coffee crops worldwide. Scientific articles published until December 2023 on MSF and BSF, their isolation and their use in phytonutrition and phytosanitary were searched. The databases of Scopus, ScienceDirect, Jstore, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library were consulted using access licensed by the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ). Also, the free access search portals ResearchGate, Scielo, Mendeley and Google Scholar. It is evident that there are few articles published in the last five years specifically on P availability due to microbial activity in coffee, which is why this type of publication is important. In relation to the use of BSF, there are biotechnological advances that allow them to be considered as alternatives for phosphorus biofertilization; however, there is a lack of research for coffee cultivation mainly in Colombia, and above all, the implementation of this technology by farmers and technicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is responsible for several anatomopathological conditions in poultry, which cause great damage to the poultry sector. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of E. coli strains isolated from broiler chickens and to perform in vitro tests on strains classified as APEC to identify their capacity to form biofilms and sensitivity to antimicrobials routinely used in the poultry breeding process. Sixty E. coli poultry isolated were used in this study. The real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test identified that 100% of the isolates had the hlyF and ompT genes, 98.3% the iroN and iss genes, and 83.33% the iutA gene, being all the evaluated strains classified as APEC. In the in vitro evaluations regarding the formation and characterization of biofilms, the APEC samples were characterized as 71.66% weakly biofilm-forming. The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that the highest resistance percentages were found in the molecules of oxytetracycline, with 33%, and doxycycline, with 31.66%, but about 58,33% of the samples had a profile of multi-resistance to antimicrobials. Further studies are needed to better characterize APEC virulence genes and multi-drug resistance, given their impact on poultry health/production and potential risk to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from horses represents a threat to global health due to the close relationship of these animals with humans. This study aimed to elucidate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of bacteria with pathogenic and zoonotic potential, isolated from the respiratory and genital tracts of horses in Mayabeque, Cuba. Nasal and genital exudates were collected from twenty-three horses, and the isolates obtained were identified using the analytical profile index and mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of thirteen antibiotics was determined for the isolates. Twenty-three bacterial isolates, including one Streptococcus uberis, sixteen Enterococcus spp., three Staphylococcus sciuri, one Morganella morganii, and two Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, were obtained. S. uberis showed resistance to gentamicin, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline, while enterococci isolates displayed resistance to doxycycline (n=16), rifampicin (n=8), erythromycin (n=7), enrofloxacin (n=3), and chloramphenicol (n=1). All S. sciuri isolates were resistant to at least six antibiotics, including methicillin, with high MIC values for erythromycin (>8192 µg/ml), doxycycline (128 µg/ml), and gentamicin (64 µg/ml). M. morganii isolate was resistant to three antibiotics, with MICs of 128 μg/ml and 256 μg/ml for cefquinome and doxycycline, respectively. S. maltophilia isolates exhibited resistance to cefquinome, with MIC values of 512 μg/ml and 128 μg/ml, respectively. The 91.3% of the isolates were multiresistant to antimicrobials, which represents the first detection in Cuba of bacteria with multiresistance phenotypes, isolated from samples of the nasal and genital mucosa of horses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Salud UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geosaberes: Revista de Estudos Geoeducacionais is the property of GEOSABERES - Revista de Estudos Geoducacionais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Rickettsioses are diseases caused by Rickettsia bacteria, transmitted through tick or mite bites, or through contact with feces from lice or fleas. In Mexico, these diseases are a major public health concern, particularly in the tropical states where they appear to be responsible for most cases and the highest mortality rates. In the epidemiology of rickettsiosis, domiciled dogs and rodents play a significant role in maintaining of biological vectors in the vicinity of dwellings and in domestic and companion animals that people live with. It has been determined that some characteristics of households in localities with some degree of social-economic marginalization increase the risk of occurrence of Rickettsia spp. in the occupants. Objective: To present a literature review on the epidemiology of rickettsiosis, delving into studies about the characteristics of the peridomiciliary space and the most common animals that live there involved in the occurrence of rickettsiosis in localities of the Mexican tropic. Methodology: Using keywords related to the objective, a search between November 2022 and April 2023 was carried out on digital sources of information from various types of scientific references. The search results were classified according to eligibility criteria. Results: The information generated in the Mexican tropic on the epidemiology of rickettsiosis involving synanthropic and domestic animals, as well as the characteristics of the peridomiciliary space, is more extensive and numerous than in other regions of the country. Implications: The present review includes part of the epidemiological panorama of endemic rickettsiosis in the Mexican tropics, which is not necessarily attributable to other regions where environmental and socioeconomic conditions can modify the behavior of these diseases. Conclusions: It has been documented that the transmission of zoonoses such as rickettsiosis is influenced by ecological or environmental conditions and the characteristics of anthropized environments such as the peridomicile, which represent factors related to the occurrence of these diseases in the households’ occupants of localities in the Mexican tropics. Several pathogenic species of Rickettsia are found in domesticated dogs and some species of wild and synanthropic rodents, indicating their significant epidemiological role in the tropical regions of Mexico.