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Objectives: The study aims to introduce the challenges faced by the reality of designing animated illustrations in advertising for tourism promotion in the Arab world. It explores the interest in designing animated illustrations in the Arab world and the challenges it faces, while seeking positive solutions capable of advancing the design and development of animated illustrations in the region. Methods: This study utilizes a descriptive analytical approach, chosen for its suitability in achieving the study's objectives. Results: The motion graphic industry is complex, requiring careful planning and decision-making on both the economic and technical fronts. It emphasizes the significance of graphic design and its role in motion graphic design, showcasing destinations in a captivating manner that sparks the tourists' desire to experience them in person. The study identifies the various steps involved in motion graphic design, including script writing, storyboarding, graphics, animation, and the creation of scenes for designing animated illustrations in tourism advertising. Furthermore, it focuses on processing these illustrations and presenting them in their final form. Conclusions: The study highlights the necessity for designers to be proficient in all design programs, stay updated with their advancements, and be familiar with their utilization to accurately accomplish their work and enhance the quality of motion graphics design..

Blockade of the interaction between programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and its receptor PD-1 has shown great success in cancer immunotherapy. Peptides possess unique characteristics that give them significant advantages as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, unfavorable physicochemical properties and proteolytic stability profiles limit the translation of bioactive peptides as therapeutic agents. Studies have revealed that cyclization improves the biological activity and stability of linear peptides. In this study, we report the use of macrocyclization scanning for the discovery of cyclic anti-PD-L1 peptides with improved bioactivity. The cyclic peptides demonstrated up to a 34-fold improvement in the PD-1/PD-L1 blocking activity and significant in vivo anti-tumor activity. Our results demonstrate that macrocyclization scanning is an effective way to improve the serum stability and bioactivity of the anti-PD-L1 linear peptide. This strategy can be employed in the optimization of other bioactive peptides, particularly those for protein-protein interaction modulation.

The Metaverse is a post-reality universe, a perpetual multi-user environment that combines physical reality and digital virtuality. It is based on the convergence of technologies that enable multisensory interactions with virtual environments, digital objects, and people, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). As a result, Metaverse is a web of social, networked immersive environments on persistent multi-user platforms. It allows for real-time, embodied user communication and dynamic interactions with digital artifacts. Its first incarnation was a web of virtual worlds between which avatars could teleport. The modern Metaverse includes social, immersive VR platforms that are compatible with massive multiplayer online video games, open game worlds, and AR collaborative spaces. The aim of the research is to thoroughly examine the perceptions and educational requirements of Metaverse-based education and to investigate its educational applicability. Using a mixed research method, the study investigated instructors' and students' perceptions of the use of the Metaverse in education, as well as the support system for classes that use the Metaverse. And determining the implications for action. plans and directions for its application in education.

This paper will look at the use of innovative and advanced technology teaching methods to support the goal of learning enhancement by using established teaching concepts. The primary aim is to explore the potential for using leading-edge virtual reality technology to help students learn and understand various concepts. The utility of the technology was examined by studying the latest 3D programming tools. Additionally, there were several styles of animation used. The results showed that Virtual Reality technologies can play a role in education and learning when supported by established learning and teaching concepts.

The study described here is one of the first of its kind to look at the systemic effects of learning with integrated animations on knowledge transfer and motivation to learn science and technology. A study involving 418 6th and 9th grade students from Jordan was conducted. Students in the experimental group took part in science and technology lessons that included the animation environment at least once a week. The experiment lasted between 2 and 4 months. The findings revealed that an animation-based online learning environment had a significant impact on knowledge transfer and learning motivation. Furthermore, the findings revealed that students' perceptions of science and technology learning changed because of teaching and learning with integrated animations. Students perceived themselves to play a more central role in classroom interactions, expressed greater interest in learning, and placed a greater emphasis on using technology and experiments during lessons.

Immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction has shown enormous success for various cancers. Despite their encouraging results in clinics, antibody-based checkpoint inhibitors have several limitations, such as poor tumor penetration. To address these limitations of monoclonal antibodies, there is a growing interest in developing low-molecular-weight checkpoint inhibitors, such as antibody fragments. Several antibody fragments targeting PD-1/PD-L1 were recently discovered using phage libraries from camel or alpaca. However, animal-derived antibody fragments may elicit unwanted immune responses, which limit their therapeutic applications. For the first time, we used a human domain antibody phage library and discovered anti-human PD-L1 human single-domain antibodies (dAbs) that block the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Among them, the CLV3 dAb shows the highest affinity to PD-L1. The CLV3 dAb also exhibits the highest blocking efficacy of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Moreover, the CLV3 dAb significantly inhibits tumor growth in mice implanted with CT26 colon carcinoma cells. These results suggest that CLV3 dAb can be potentially used as an anti-PD-L1 inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy.

COVID‐19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which infects host cells by binding its viral spike protein receptor‐binding domain (RBD) to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on host cells. Blocking the SARS‐CoV‐2‐RBD/ACE2 interaction is, therefore, a potential strategy to inhibit viral infections. Using a novel biopanning strategy, a small anti‐ACE2 peptide is discovered, which shows high affinity and specificity to human ACE2. It blocks not only the SARS‐CoV‐2‐RBD/ACE2 interaction but also the SARS‐CoV‐1‐RBD/ACE2 interaction. Moreover, it inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in Vero‐E6 cells. The peptide shows negligible cytotoxicity in Vero‐E6 cells and Huh7 cells. In vivo short‐term lung toxicity study also demonstrates a good safety of the peptide after intratracheal administration. The anti‐ACE2 peptide can be potentially used as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for SARS‐CoV‐2 or other ACE2‐mediated viruses. The strategy used in this study also provides a fast‐track platform to discover other antiviral peptides, which will prepare the world for future pandemics., Peptide therapeutics is gaining increased interest in recent years due to its high selectivity, efficacy, and tolerability. Small anti‐ACE2 peptides that can effectively block the SARS‐CoV‐2‐RBD/ACE2 interaction are discovered using peptide phage biopanning. These peptides show high affinity and specificity toward human ACE2 and are capable of inhibiting the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This strategy can be used as a fast‐track platform to discover other antiviral peptides.