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629 results on '"Bahadur, Pratap"'

36. Photodynamic therapy of cancer using graphene nanomaterials

Author

Tiwari, Sanjay, Rudani, Binny A., Tiwari, Priyanka, Bahadur, Pratap, and Flora, Swaran J. S.

Abstract

ABSTRACTIntroductionHigh incidence and fatality rates of cancer remain a global challenge. The success of conventional treatment modalities is being questioned on account of adverse effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential alternative. It utilizes a combination of photosensitizer (PS), light and oxygen to target the tissues locally, thereby minimizing the damage to neighboring healthy tissues. Conventional PSs suffer from poor selectivity, high hydrophobicity and sub-optimal yield of active radicals. Graphene nanomaterials (GNs) exhibit interesting particulate and photophysical properties in the context of their use in PDT.Area coveredWe focus on describing the mechanistic aspects of PDT-mediated elimination of cancer cells and the subsequent development of adaptive immunity. After covering up-to-date literature on the significant enhancement of PDT capability with GNs, we have discussed the probability of combining PDT with chemo-, immuno-, and photothermal therapy to make the treatment more effective.Expert opinionGNs can be synthesized in various size ranges, and their biocompatibility can be improved through surface functionalization and doping. These can be used as PS to generate ROS or conjugated with other PS molecules for treating deep-seated tumors. With increasing evidence on biosafety, such materials offer hope as antitumor therapeutics.

Published
2024
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42. Self‐assembly and solution behavior of cationic surfactants in water‐trifluoroethanol environment: An experimental and theoretical approach.

Author

Kumar, Vinod, Padsala, Shailesh, Mayursing, Girase, Ray, Debes, Aswal, Vinod Kumar, Kuperkar, Ketan, and Bahadur, Pratap

Subjects
CATIONIC surfactants, SMALL-angle neutron scattering, CRITICAL micelle concentration, SURFACE tension, SURFACE pressure, MOLECULAR interactions
Abstract

The micellization behavior of conventional cationic surfactant: tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), and Gemini surfactant (GS): N,N′‐ditetradecyl‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl‐N,N′‐ethanediyl‐diammonium dibromide (14‐2‐14) in water and water‐trifluoroethanol (TFE) solvent mixture has been examined using tensiometric and small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. Critical micelle concentration (CMC), and various interfacial parameters such as surface tension at CMC (γCMC), surface pressure at CMC (πCMC), maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), and minimum area occupied by the head group (Amin) were evaluated for our examined systems at 303.15 K. It was observed that with the increase in TFE concentration, the CMC of the tested cationic surfactants decreased, thereby favoring the micellization in the presence of the surface‐active TFE. Furthermore, the geometry and aggregation number (Nagg) of surfactant micelles were inferred using SANS that revealed the decrease in micelle size of cationic surfactants. Additionally, the computational simulation study provided an insight into the molecular interactions in the examined system that validated our experimental findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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