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422 results on '"Baker, Lawrence"'

1. Masking Behaviors in Epidemiological Networks with Cognitively-plausible Reinforcement Learning

Author

Mitsopoulos, Konstantinos, Baker, Lawrence, Lebiere, Christian, Pirolli, Peter, Orr, Mark, and Vardavas, Raffaele

Subjects
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical role of human behavior in influencing infectious disease transmission and the need for models capturing this complex dynamic. We present an agent-based model integrating an epidemiological simulation of disease spread with a cognitive architecture driving individual mask-wearing decisions. Agents decide whether to mask based on a utility function weighting factors like peer conformity, personal risk tolerance, and mask-wearing discomfort. By conducting experiments systematically varying behavioral model parameters and social network structures, we demonstrate how adaptive decision-making interacts with network connectivity patterns to impact population-level infection outcomes. The model provides a flexible computational framework for gaining insights into how behavioral interventions like mask mandates may differentially influence disease spread across communities with diverse social structures. Findings highlight the importance of integrating realistic human decision processes in epidemiological models to inform policy decisions during public health crises., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures

Published
2023

4. Deep Generative Modeling in Network Science with Applications to Public Policy Research

Author

Hartnett, Gavin S., Vardavas, Raffaele, Baker, Lawrence, Chaykowsky, Michael, Gibson, C. Ben, Girosi, Federico, Kennedy, David P., and Osoba, Osonde A.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks
Abstract

Network data is increasingly being used in quantitative, data-driven public policy research. These are typically very rich datasets that contain complex correlations and inter-dependencies. This richness both promises to be quite useful for policy research, while at the same time posing a challenge for the useful extraction of information from these datasets - a challenge which calls for new data analysis methods. In this report, we formulate a research agenda of key methodological problems whose solutions would enable new advances across many areas of policy research. We then review recent advances in applying deep learning to network data, and show how these methods may be used to address many of the methodological problems we identified. We particularly emphasize deep generative methods, which can be used to generate realistic synthetic networks useful for microsimulation and agent-based models capable of informing key public policy questions. We extend these recent advances by developing a new generative framework which applies to large social contact networks commonly used in epidemiological modeling. For context, we also compare and contrast these recent neural network-based approaches with the more traditional Exponential Random Graph Models. Lastly, we discuss some open problems where more progress is needed., Comment: 77 pages, 38 figures. This article is a RAND Working Report. v2: corrected typo in metadata

Published
2020
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7. Spin Polarized Electron Dynamics Enhance Water Splitting Efficiency by Yttrium Iron Garnet Photoanodes: A New Platform for Spin Selective Photocatalysis

Author

Gajapathy, Harshad, primary, Bandaranayake, Savini, additional, Hruska, Emily, additional, Vadakkayil, Aravind, additional, Bloom, Brian, additional, Londo, Stephen, additional, McClellan, Jackson, additional, Guo, Jason, additional, Russell, Daniel, additional, de Groot, Frank M F, additional, Yang, Fengyuan, additional, Waldeck, David H, additional, Schultze, Martin, additional, and Baker, Lawrence Robert, additional

Published
2024
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11. In Support of a Patient-Driven Initiative and Petition to Lower the High Price of Cancer Drugs.

Author

Tefferi, Ayalew, Kantarjian, Hagop, Rajkumar, S Vincent, Baker, Lawrence H, Abkowitz, Jan L, Adamson, John W, Advani, Ranjana Hira, Allison, James, Antman, Karen H, Bast, Robert C, Bennett, John M, Benz, Edward J, Berliner, Nancy, Bertino, Joseph, Bhatia, Ravi, Bhatia, Smita, Bhojwani, Deepa, Blanke, Charles D, Bloomfield, Clara D, Bosserman, Linda, Broxmeyer, Hal E, Byrd, John C, Cabanillas, Fernando, Canellos, George Peter, Chabner, Bruce A, Chanan-Khan, Asher, Cheson, Bruce, Clarkson, Bayard, Cohn, Susan L, Colon-Otero, Gerardo, Cortes, Jorge, Coutre, Steven, Cristofanilli, Massimo, Curran, Walter J, Daley, George Q, DeAngelo, Daniel J, Deeg, H Joachim, Einhorn, Lawrence H, Erba, Harry P, Esteva, Francisco J, Estey, Elihu, Fidler, Isaiah J, Foran, James, Forman, Stephen, Freireich, Emil, Fuchs, Charles, George, James N, Gertz, Morie A, Giralt, Sergio, Golomb, Harvey, Greenberg, Peter, Gutterman, Jordan, Handin, Robert I, Hellman, Samuel, Hoff, Paulo Marcelo, Hoffman, Ronald, Hong, Waun Ki, Horowitz, Mary, Hortobagyi, Gabriel N, Hudis, Clifford, Issa, Jean Pierre, Johnson, Bruce Evan, Kantoff, Philip W, Kaushansky, Kenneth, Khayat, David, Khuri, Fadlo R, Kipps, Thomas J, Kripke, Margaret, Kyle, Robert A, Larson, Richard A, Lawrence, Theodore S, Levine, Ross, Link, Michael P, Lippman, Scott M, Lonial, Sagar, Lyman, Gary H, Markman, Maurie, Mendelsohn, John, Meropol, Neal J, Messinger, Yoav, Mulvey, Therese M, O'Brien, Susan, Perez-Soler, Roman, Pollock, Raphael, Prchal, Josef, Press, Oliver, Radich, Jerald, Rai, Kanti, Rosenberg, Saul A, Rowe, Jacob M, Rugo, Hope, Runowicz, Carolyn D, Sandmaier, Brenda M, Saven, Alan, Schafer, Andrew I, Schiffer, Charles, Sekeres, Mikkael A, Silver, Richard T, Siu, Lillian L, and Steensma, David P

Subjects
Humans, Neoplasms, Antineoplastic Agents, Patient Advocacy, Patient Participation, Drug Costs, Prescription Fees, United States, Medical and Health Sciences
Published
2015

12. A critical knowledge pathway to low-carbon, sustainable futures: Integrated understanding of urbanization, urban areas, and carbon

Author

Romero-Lankao, Patricia, Gurney, Kevin R, Seto, Karen C, Chester, Mikhail, Duren, Riley M, Hughes, Sara, Hutyra, Lucy R, Marcotullio, Peter, Baker, Lawrence, Grimm, Nancy B, Kennedy, Christopher, Larson, Elisabeth, Pincetl, Stephanie, Runfola, Dan, Sanchez, Landy, Shrestha, Gyami, Feddema, Johannes, Sarzynski, Andrea, Sperling, Joshua, and Stokes, Eleanor

Subjects
Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Environmental Science and Management
Published
2014

21. The U.S. Equity-First Vaccination Initiative: Impacts and Lessons Learned

Author

Faherty, Laura J., Ringel, Jeanne S., Kranz, Ashley M., Baker, Lawrence, Phillips, Brian, Williams, Malcolm V., Perez, Lilian, Schulson, Lucy B., Timmins, George, Gittens, Allyson D., Gandhi, Priya, Howell, Khadesia, and Adekunle, Tiwaladeoluwa

Subjects
Health Care Delivery, Quality, and Patient Safety
Abstract

The one-year U.S. Equity-First Vaccination Initiative (EVI), launched in April 2021, aimed to reduce racial inequities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination across five demonstration cities (Baltimore, Chicago, Houston, Newark, and Oakland) and over the longer term strengthen the United States' public health system to achieve more-equitable outcomes. This initiative comprised nearly 100 community-based organizations (CBOs), who led hyper-local work to increase vaccination access and confidence in communities of individuals who identify as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. In this study, the second of two on the initiative, the authors examine the results of the EVI. They look at the initiative's activities, effects, and challenges, and provide recommendations for how to support and sustain this hyper-local community-led approach and strengthen the public health system in the United States.

Published
2023

29. Reopening Under Uncertainty: Stress-Testing California's COVID-19 Exit Strategy

Author

de Lima, Pedro Nascimento, Vardavas, Raffaele, Baker, Lawrence, Ringel, Jeanne S., Lempert, Robert J., Rutter, Carolyn M., and Ozik, Jonathan

Subjects
Public Health and Emergency Preparedness
Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic required significant public health interventions from local governments. Early in the pandemic, RAND researchers developed a decision support tool to provide policymakers with insight into the trade-offs they might face when choosing among nonpharmaceutical intervention levels. Using an updated version of the model, the researchers performed a stress-test of a variety of alternative reopening plans, using California as an example. This article presents the general lessons learned from these experiments and discusses four characteristics of the best reopening strategies.

Published
2022

32. Planetary Stewardship Begins at Home

Author

Hobbie, Sarah E., Baker, Lawrence A., Fissore, Cinzia, King, Jennifer Y., McFadden, Joseph P., and Nelson, Kristen C.

Published
2011

33. Research on Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS): Approach, Challenges, and Strategies

Author

Alberti, Marina, Asbjornsen, Heidi, Baker, Lawrence A., Brozović, Nicholas, Drinkwater, Laurie E., Drzyzga, Scott A., Jantz, Claire A., Fragoso, José, Holland, Daniel S., Kohler, Timothy (Tim) A., Liu, Jianguo (Jack), McConnell, William J., Maschner, Herbert D. G., Millington, James D. A., Monticino, Michael, Podestá, Guillermo, Pontius, Robert Gilmore, Redman, Charles L., Reo, Nicholas J., Sailor, David, and Urquhart, Gerald

Published
2011

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