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The effect of Management system on growth rate and daily gain in one humped Sudanese camels calves were investigated, twenty four (24) camel calves (12 males and 12 females) at the first day of birth were selected, from the Sudanese Arabi Kababish bred. Camels' calves with their dams were maintained under semi-intensive and Traditional management system for 18 successive months. Calves in semi-intensive system in addition of their suckling of their respective dams they take supplementation diets (one kg of concentrate/head/day), ad libtium watering, health care and spraying weekly against ticks and external parasite. The live body weight of camel calves were obtained through direct weighing in 6 months interval, through four periods including birthday, 6 month, 12 months and 18 months. The results indicated that there was non-significant difference(P>0.05) in Birth weight of calves raised under semi-intensive and traditional system. In both systems the male (39 ± 0.31kg) is significantly (P

The present work was conducted to study the preparation process of fermented camel milk (locally named as gariss) according to camel herders. A questionnaire was designed to collect information including methods for using starter, daily type of starter used, use of spices as well as duration of the fermentation. In addition, supplementary variables which had a potential effect on the quality of gariss were taken in account. The results indicated four types of farms according to gariss preparation process: 1) use of gariss without any added spice (27.59%), 2) addition of spices at least once per month and use of previous day gariss (41.38%), 3) use of gariss and spices with less than 12 h for fermentation (13.79%) and 4) use of a spices for the preparation of the first gariss and fermentation time exceeding 12 h (17.24%). The study indicated three types of farmers according to the quantity of camel milk transformed to gariss: 1) transformation of almost all milk and a preference for bitter or acidic taste (48.28%), 2) expected consistency of the gariss which was a major criterion to judge the quality of gariss (17.24%) and 3) low quantity or variable amount of gariss prepared by a single operator (34.48%). The study concluded that gariss preparation differs according to method adopted by the camel herders and farms.

Twenty lactating she-camels and two mature male for mating were selected in north Kordofan state, Sudan. The animals were divided into two groups 10 she-camel of each with one male for mating. Group one managed in a semi intensive system, all animals were herded during night in closed in pen and set free during the midday. Supplementation consists of concentrates (2kg/day) and roughages (5kg/day) were used. The other group served as a control (Under traditional system) all animals managed traditionally but within the site of the experimental work, on this system the animals are brought to grazing areas where they selected the feed by themselves from the available plants and allowing nothing as supplemented feeding. The calves' weights were determined every six months using traditional balances, also daily milk yield were recorded. The study indicated that daily milk production in she-camel reared under semi-intensive system was higher than the camels reared under traditional management. Also the results indicated that the body weight of the calves under semi-intensive system during six, 12 and 18 months of age were the highest than the calves reared in the traditional system, semi-intensive system improved the daily growth rates of the calve. The study showed that there were non-significant differences between male and female on daily gain.

According to FAO statistics, camel population in Sudan ranks the second in the world after Somalia with 4.5 millions heads. This population is quite important while the camel production appears, at least officially, very low. With a meat production of 49,880 tons and a milk production of 120,000 tons, camel production is far away from the potential. Even if these data did not cover the entire reality, it is obvious that camel production in Sudan is insufficiently valorized. Meat from young camels has been reported to be comparable in taste and texture to beef. Inspite of the increase in local camel meat consumption to 63,000 tons in 2009, yet camel meat is common in some parts of the country and milk consumption under gariss form is popular in rural areas where camel is generally reared. Camel diseases are the major constrains of production such as trypanosomiasis and mastitis. The research has to push in that way in order to innovate camel meat and milk sector. The modernization of meat and milk processing could be the motor for the improvement of camel production. Both in terms of research and of development, the identification of the main constraints for the camel sector is the way to propose a fruitful strategy.

The present study was conducted near Elobeid north Kordofan state, Sudan to assess the quality of camel milk and gariss. The total viable count of bacteria was measured accompanied by the enumeration of other flora on milk and gariss, then pathogencity of the milk and gariss study by presence of coliform bacteria mainly Escherichia coli.

This study aimed to investigated the effect of management system on Sudanese camel calves growth rate, twenty (20) camel calves (10 males and 10 females) at the first day of birth were selected, from the Sudanese Arabi (Kababish) bred. The camels-calves with their dams were maintained under semi-intensive and Traditional management system for 18 successive months. Calves in semi-intensive system in addition of their suckling of their respective dams they take supplementation diets (one kg of concentrate/head/day), ad libtium watering, health care and spraying weekly by Gamatox against ticks and external parasites. The live body weight of camel calves were obtained through direct weighing in 6 months interval, through four periods including birthday, 6 month, 12 months and 18 months. The results indicated that there was non-significant difference (P>0.05) in Birth weight of calves raised under semi-intensive and traditional system. In both systems the male (39 ± 0.31kg) is significantly (P