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Prosjektleder Steven Brooks The following study describes an integrated biological effects monitoring programme using field transplanted mussels to determine the potential effects of thermomechanical cleaned cuttings (TCC) discharged from the Johan Sverdrup installation in the North Sea. Chemical body burden (PAHs, metals) and a suite of biological effects markers were measured in mussels positioned at strategic locations in the Johan Sverdrup field for 6-7 weeks and compared to two reference locations and a day zero (T0) group. The biomarkers measured in the mussels included: condition index (CI); stress on stress (SoS); micronuclei (MN); lysosomal membrane stability (LMS); metallothionein (MT) and gill and digestive gland histology. Based on oceanographic parameters, the DREAM model was employed to predict, and then later confirm, the direction of the TCC plume during the discharge period. Exposure to the TCC was limited to a 3-day window at the end of the mussel exposure but this was considered representative of the sporadic nature of the TCC discharge. PAH body burden in mussels was low in all mussel groups positioned at the Johan Sverdrup installation, although slightly above the reference and day zero mussel groups. Metal concentrations were either on or below the lower limit of the Norwegian classification scale for metal concentrations in mussel tissue indicating insignificant risk. Overall, the biomarker responses were considered low and did not differentiate significantly between the mussel groups. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed no clear association between the chemical and biological responses in mussels and proximity to the Johan Sverdrup installation. The short duration of exposure to the TCC discharge may be partly responsible for the lack of chemical accumulation and biological response observed. Equinor

The present project has conducted experiments in laboratory and pilot scale with chemical neutralisation of hydrogen peroxide, which, in combination with technological treatment pose a possible solution for onboard well boat treatment of delousing water. The suggested treatment solution has been tested on northern shrimps (Pandalus borealis) to assess ecotoxicological effects. By reducing hydrogen peroxide with the proposed chemical/technological solution, the swimming behaviour among shrimps were barely affected and histopathological changes in gills were mild. If implemented onboard well boats. the suggested solution will efficiently reduce the environmental risk related to hydrogen peroxide and provide the aquaculture industry with a pharmaceutical delousing tool with low environmental impact. publishedVersion

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This report aims to give the status of current technologies and future outlook for in situ sensing and monitoring of the marine environment with emphasis on the deep-sea. To achieve this aim, we have used information collected from recent workshops and examined a number of technical and scientific literatures. The report covers several topics: needs and current experiences of O&G operators, experiences from oil sensing and tracking, for oil spill preparedness, reviews of existing and promising physical and chemical in situ sensors and biosensors/biological sensors, existing platforms with their associated sensor payloads and deep-sea observatories. At the end of the report, we develop a conceptual approach and made an analysis to recommend further development and support R&D prioritization of sensing and monitoring techniques relevant to O&G activities.