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Corrosion map is the most direct form of environmental corrosion, which can provide data support for the anti-corrosion design, construction and operation and maintenance of engineering equipment intuitively and quickly. The research advancements in environmental corrosivity mapping techniques are reviewed here. It delineates the atmospheric and soil corrosivity classification methods through qualitative and quantitative analysis. The merits and constraints of these classification methods and interpolation methods when applied to corrosion mapping are critically assessed.

The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a ternary photo-catalyst: rGO–Sb4O5Cl2–Sb2S3. A series of rGO–Sb4O5Cl2–Sb2S3 samples were synthesized by the ultrasonic-assisted chemical co-precipitation method and the photo-catalytic capability was evaluated by the photo-degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation. The photo-catalysis rate of rGO–Sb4O5Cl2–Sb2S3 was higher than those of Sb2S3, 10rGO–Sb2S3, Sb4O5Cl2 and Sb4O5Cl2–Sb2S3. The as-prepared material (30rGO–Sb4O5Cl2–Sb2S3, 5 mg) had the highest photo-degradation effect on MO (50 mL, 20 mg L−1), and 87.4% MO degraded within 16 min. The cycling test has proven that the produced rGO–Sb4O5Cl2–Sb2S3 has anti-photoerosion ability. The morphology, structure and opto-electronic properties have been characterized as well. Thus, the mechanism has been discussed: the extraordinary photo-degradation effect on MO results from the synergetic effect of ultrathin rGO sheets and Sb4O5Cl2 grains. Sb4O5Cl2 was the photo-generated charge carrier migration medium and rGO would enhance the catalytic efficiency because of the ultra-large specific surface area and numerous surface active sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of all-inorganic perovskite single-crystal microstructures on substrates is a promising approach for constructing photonic and electronic microdevices. However, current preparation methods typically involve direct control of ions or atoms, which often depends on specific lattice-matched substrates for epitaxial growth and other stringent conditions that limit the mild preparation and flexibility of device integration. Herein, we present the on-substrate fabrication of CsPbBr 3 single-crystal microstructures obtained via a nanoparticle self-assembly assisted low-temperature sintering (NSALS) method. Sintering guided by self-assembled atomically oriented superlattice embryos facilitated the formation of single-crystal microstructures under mild conditions without substrate dependence. The as-prepared on-substrate microstructures exhibited a consistent out-of-plane orientation with a carrier lifetime of up to 82.7 ns. Photodetectors fabricated by using these microstructures exhibited an excellent photoresponse of 9.15 A/W, and the dynamic optical response had a relative standard deviation as low as 0.1831%. The discrete photosensor microarray chip with 174000 pixels in a 100 mm 2 area showed a response difference of less than 6%. This method of nanoscale particle-controlled single crystal growth on a substrate offers a perspective for mild-condition preparation and in situ repair of crystals of various types. This advancement can propel the flexible integration and widespread application of perovskite devices.

Searching for new-type, eco-friendly, and Earth-abundant thermoelectric materials, which can be used as an alternative to the high-cost bismuth telluride, is important for near-room-temperature applications. In this work, nanostructured monoclinic Cu2Se with a low carrier concentration has been synthesized by a wet mechanical alloying process combined with spark plasma sintering. Such a low carrier concentration, which originates from the effectively suppressed Cu deficiencies during the fabrication process, induces a relatively low electrical conductivity and carrier thermal conductivity. Besides, the nanostructured grains combined with point defects and phonon resonance enhance the phonon scattering to induce a low lattice thermal conductivity without sacrificing the electrical transport properties. As a result, our nanostructured monoclinic Cu2Se obtains a figure of merit of 0.72 at 380 K with good thermal stability. This work indicates that nanostructured monoclinic Cu2Se is a promising near-room-temperature thermoelectric material.