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9. Group size influences light‐emitting diode light colour and substrate preference of David's Schizothoracin ( Schizothorax davidi ): Relevance for design of fish passage facilities

Author

Mi Xiangyuan, William M. Twardek, Hao Jiang, Zhang Dongxu, Steven J. Cooke, Zhang Chaoshuo, Bao Jianghui, Ming Duan, and Li Weiwei

Subjects
Light colour, biology, law, Schizothorax davidi, Environmental Chemistry, %22">Fish , Zoology, biology.organism_classification, Substrate (marine biology), General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, Light-emitting diode, law.invention
Published
2021
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12. Group size influences light‐emitting diode light colour and substrate preference of David's Schizothoracin (Schizothorax davidi): Relevance for design of fish passage facilities.

Author

Li, Weiwei, Bao, Jianghui, Zhang, Chaoshuo, Mi, Xiangyuan, Zhang, Dongxu, Jiang, Hao, Twardek, William M., Cooke, Steven J., and Duan, Ming

Subjects
LIGHT emitting diodes, SCHIZOTHORAX, FISHWAYS, BLUE light, COLORED light, AQUARIUMS
Abstract

Fish passage structures have been constructed to facilitate fish movement past barriers, though the effectiveness of passage structures is highly variable. Designing fish passage structures that consider the behavioural preferences of fish under different environmental conditions (e.g., light colour, substrate type) has the potential to improve fish passage success. Similarly, whether a fish encounters a passage facility alone or in a group may influence fish behaviour. In this case, we assessed the preference of different group sizes (n = 1, 6 and 12, respectively) of David's Schizothoracin Schizothorax davidi under four different light‐emitting diode colours and eight different substrate types in the aquaria of the Houziyan Reproduction Station. We found that singletons preferred to visit the white light, cement and fine pebble, while the fish in groups preferred to visit the blue light, fine pebble and cobble. In addition, the total percentage of mobility frequency (18.3 ± 1.8%), movement velocity (20.4 ± 15.9 cm/s) and distance moved (15.8 ± 1.8 m) of singletons in blue light were much lower than that in the others. The movement velocity (3.3 ± 0.6 cm/s) of singletons on cobble was less, but the percentage of total mobility time (162.9 ± 16.0%) and distance moved (153.4 ± 19.6 m) on the cobble were much greater. Our research yielded novel insights for improving passage efficiency for this species. Findings from this study suggest there should be greater consideration of light colour and substrate type when designing fish passage facilities. Because fish almost always experience dynamic hydraulic conditions near and in fishways, additional research is needed to understand the generality of these findings in systems under lotic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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13. Quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency at a vertical-slot fishway on the Daduhe River in Southwest China

Author

Ming Duan, Bao Jianghui, Li Hongtao, Xiujiang Zhao, William M. Twardek, Li Weiwei, Mi Xiangyuan, Zhang Chaoshuo, Steven J. Cooke, and Na Cao

Subjects
Fish migration, Environmental Engineering, biology, Context (language use), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Silurus meridionalis, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Additional research, Fishery, Semilabeo prochilus, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Quantitative assessment, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, %22">Fish , Schizothorax, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Fish passage facilities are constructed to enable fish to pass anthropogenic barriers such as dams though their efficiency varies across species and location. There are a number of studies that assess the efficiency of fish passage facilities, yet rarely have such assessments been conducted in Asia. We conducted one of the first quantitative assessments of the efficiency of a vertical-slot fishway in Asia on the Daduhe River in Southwest China. Quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency was conducted using a combination of methods, including fish sampling, video recordings and a Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) system for tracking individually-tagged fish (N = 69 of 6 species). Fish sampling revealed 40 species assembled downstream of the dam. Fish captured closer to the fishway tended to be larger than fish caught more distant from the fishway. Half of the fish species observed downstream of the fishway were also observed at the entrance to the fishway (i.e. 153 individuals across 20 species). Video records revealed that overall passage rates were 71.2% based on the number of fish observed at the exit of the viewing chamber relative to that observed passing the entrance viewing chamber. Most fish passed the fishway at night with peak passage occurring in June. PIT technology results revealed that passage efficiency among the six tagged species ranged from 0% to 60% (four species successfully ascended the fishway). Transit time from the fishway entrance to exit was variable both among and within species that successfully ascended the fishway (i.e. 17.9–20.3 h for Schizothorax davidi, 6.4–88.8 h for Schizothorax preuanti, 46.4 h for Silurus meridionalis, 22.1–53.9 h Semilabeo prochilus). Fishway performance varied by species such that there is evidence that the fishway may be useful for maintaining river connectivity for some species. However, passage was often restricted during periods when there was sufficient flow in the fishway. Additional research is needed to put these findings in an ecological context given the overall low number of fish that passed the dam.

Published
2019
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14. Passage efficiency and behavioral performance of Schizothorax davidithrough different sections of a long vertical slot fishway

Author

Bao, Jianghui, Wang, Xiang, Li, Weiwei, Zhang, Chaoshuo, Mi, Xiangyuan, Zhang, Dongxu, Twardek, William M., Lin, Hsien-Yung, Qiao, Ye, Cooke, Steven J., and Duan, Ming

Abstract

Fish passage facilities are constructed worldwide to enable fish to pass anthropogenic obstacles (i.e., dams) and re-establish river connectivity. The construction of these facilities involves sophisticated engineering designed to attract fish and enable passage. The behavior of fish encountering these structures, particularly in long vertical slot fishways, has been poorly studied. This study was conducted on the Daduhe River in Southwest China to quantify the upstream passage efficiency and performance of tagged Schizothorax davidiin different sections of a long vertical slot fishway spanning 1228.3 ​m. The overall passage efficiency was 13% although the passage efficiency in seven sections (A0-A1, A1-A2, A2-A3, A3-A4, A4-A5, A5-A6, A6-A7) ranged from 43% to 100% reflecting differences in slope among sections. The highest passage efficiency was documented in rest pool sections with a slope of 0 (A3–A4, 100% and A6–A7, 100%) and during passage through the dam itself (A5–A6, 90.0%). The lowest passage efficiency was section A2–A3, where a garbage interception facility affected passage efficiency. Average transit time from A0 to A7 was 85.2 ​h and ranged from 8.8 to 237.6 ​h. Transit speed varied over various sections. The first section (i.e., A0–A1) had slow transit speeds which presumably was influenced by acclimation and recovery from tag implantation. After this, the transit speed had a slight increase but decreased again. Additionally, more than half (5 out of 9 fish) of the fish fell back after reaching the most upstream section and reascended the fishway which tripled the total passage time for those individuals. No significant diel activity rhythms were observed, but a strong bimodal distribution was noted in fish transit time when passing the first monitoring site. Cox-proportional hazards model showed that transit time was negatively correlated with body size but positively correlated with water level and water temperature. Our study provides valuable insights into activity when passing through a long fishway, which can inform design of fishway structures and operational patterns to improve upstream passage efficiency. Specifically, we recommend increasing the number of resting pools and maintaining appropriate water levels to reduce transit time and fallback frequency in long fishways.

Published
2024
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