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The features of the expression and perception of vocal expressions as one of the forming multimodal affective states of a person are studied. The experiment, designed on the basis of the Russian-language version of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT), involved two groups of women aged 18-45, 72 women each. One group was shown audio-video clips of 14 affective states, lasting 3-5 seconds, played by 10 professional actors according to the Stanislavsky system. The other group was presented with audio clips extracted from the same clips through headphones. It was demanded to recognize the state of the actors using an interactive image of the Geneva Emotion Wheel. It is shown that vocal expressions differ from the corresponding multimodal states by a low average accuracy of expression and identification, a different configuration and a high spread of estimates, a closer dependence on the degree of arousal, individual ways of expression and a fuzzy extended structure of categorical fields. The range of possibilities that vocal expressions have, ready to be included in cross-modal integrations, is indicated.

Comparative data on changes in structure and length of the spawning run for chum salmon, cherry salmon and pink salmon in the rivers of the northern part of Primorsky Territory are presented for 1998–2022. Appearance of new seasonal groups is noted for all these species. Length of the periods of spawning has become longer.

The work is aimed at considering the influence of modern special training programs in virtual reality (VR) on personality anxiety in adolescence. Materials of empirical research obtained on a sample of students of 2-4 courses of Moscow and Smolensk universities are presented. Respondents aged from 19 to 24 years old participated in the study 1 (N=15) (using the training VR environment with a first-person avatar) and 2 (N=24) (using the training VR program with an anthropomorphic avatar (female) (third-person). To diagnose anxiety we used methods: Spielberger-Hanin Self-Assessment Anxiety Test, A.T. Beck Anxiety Scale. A single-factor experimental design with independent groups was used; dependent variables were different types of anxiety, independent variables were the parameters of subjects' work with the training VR-program of high immersiveness. The results show that the high level training VR environment has a significant effect on anxiety reduction. Both personal and situational anxiety, as well as the general level of anxiety, decreased. In the control samples, either anxiety decreases, but at a much lower level, or no change occurs. Psychosemantic analysis of consciousness indicates changes not only in the conscious plan (connections between connotative meanings), but also in unconscious attitudes about one's anxiety state (manifested in the triad of depression: decreased mood, ideomotor and motor retardation). In general, VR programs with avatars should be considered as effective technologies and means of changing functional personality properties, in particular anxiety.

The article analyzes the sea trawl surveys on pink salmon and their interrelation with the values of pink salmon returns to the main spawning water bodies of the Bering and Okhotsk Seas. According to the fall trawl surveys in the Bering and Okhotsk Seas, the number of juvenile pink salmon was 1.05 and 2.10 billion, respectively. These estimates supposed return of 200 mln pink salmon in 2021 in the Bering Sea (catch — 160–180 thousand tons, 50 mln — pass to spawning groungs), 200–270 mln in the Sea of Okhotsk (catch in the western Kamchatka — 200– 250 thousand tons, 50 mln — pass), Mainland coast of the Sea of Okhotsk — 20–30 thousand tons, 13 mln — pass, eastern Sakhalin and Kurils — 20–25 thousand tons, 5–10 mln — pass). Results of summer trawl surveys of prenadromous pink salmon showed high level winter survival and confirmed earlier returns estimations. The actual pink salmon catch in the Sea of Okhotsk and Bering Sea basins of the Far East was 424.000 tons, which was close to the overall average forecasted catch of 418.000 tons. The Pacific salmon catch in the TINRO area of responsibility (Primorsky Krai and Chukotka AD) was 5.711 thousand tons (5.496 thousand tons — Chukotka AD, 0.215 thousand tons — Primorsky Krai).

The patterns of perception of a part and a whole of multimodal emotional dynamic states of people unfamiliar to observers are studied. Audio-video clips of fourteen key emotional states expressed by specially trained actors were randomly presented to two groups of observers. In one group (N=96, average age — 34, SD — 9.4l.), each audio—video image was shown in full, in the other (N=78, average age — 25, SD — 9.6l.), it was divided into two parts of equal duration from the beginning to the conditional middle (short phonetic pause) and from the middle to the end of the exposure. The stimulus material contained facial expressions, gestures, head and eye movements, changes in the position of the body of the sitters, who voiced pseudolinguistic statements accompanied by affective intonations. The accuracy of identification and the structure of categorical fields were evaluated depending on the modality and form (whole/part) of the exposure of affective states. After the exposure of each audio-video image from the presented list of emotions, observers were required to choose the one that best corresponds to what they saw. According to the data obtained, the accuracy of identifying the emotions of the initial and final fragments of audio-video images practically coincide, but significantly less than with full exposure. Functional differences in the perception of fragmented audio-video images of the same emotional states are revealed. The modes of transitions from the initial stage to the final one and the conditions affecting the relative speed of the perceptual process are shown. The uneven formation of the information basis of multimodal expressions and the heterochronous perceptogenesis of emotional states of actors are demonstrated.

The observers’ ideas about the value orientations of visual communicants were experimentally studied. The subjects were sequentially presented in random order with the faces of people depicted in photographs and artistic portraits. It was required, on the basis of a list of terminal and instrumental value orientations (M. Rokeach), first to evaluate one’s own beliefs, then the demonstrated characters. It is shown that the integral profiles of value ideas about personalities depicted in portraits and photos are well matched, have a similar structure and similar scores. The beliefs of characters in portraits are statistically higher than those in photographs. The effect is preserved when the values are differentiated by categories. Significant differences were obtained in relation to the following values: terminal values — Cognition, Mature love, Material wellbeing, Beauty, Happy family life, Pleasures; instrumental — Goodupbringing, Education, Diligence, Tolerance, Sensitivity, Cheerfulness. The observers’ ideas about their own values differ significantly from the value orientations of the depicted people and have little effect on their assessments.

As a rule, gender differences in the perception of human emotional states are studied on the basis of static pictures of face, gestures or poses. The dynamics and multiplicity of the emotion expression remain in the «blind zone». This work is aimed at finding relationships in the perception of the procedural characteristics of the emotion expression. The influence of gender and age on the identification of human emotional states is experimentally investigated in ecologically and socially valid situations. The experiments were based on the Russian-language version of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT).83 audio-video clips of fourteen emotional states expressed by ten specially trained professional actors (five men and five women, average age 37 years) were randomly demonstrated to Russian participants (48 women and 48 men, Europeans, ages ranged from 20 to 62 years, with a mean age of 34 (SD = 9,4).It is shown that women recognize multimodal dynamic emotions more accurately, especially those which were expressed by women. Gender and age differences in identification accuracy are statistically significant for five emotions: joy, amusement, irritation, anger, and surprise. On women’s faces, joy, surprise, irritation and anger are more accurately recognized by women over 35 years of age (p

This article examines the changes in mental states and personality creativity when working with short-term virtual reality. This is part of comprehensive research on personality (and mental in general) changes in didactic and training VR programs. The first part of the work was aimed at examining the influence of modern didactic programs in virtual reality (VR) on mental states in adolescence. The materials of empirical research obtained on a sample of 1—2-year students of the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education and SmolSU are presented. In study 1 (N = 73) (with a highly immersive VR program) and 2 (N = 46) (using a didactic VR environment of low immersion), respondents aged 19 to 26 took part. We used the «Actual state» methodology by L.V. Kulikova, «Assessment of Mood», didactic VR programs are used as instructive independent variables. The results obtained indicate that the didactic VR environment of the highest level may has a significant effect on mental states, increasing indicators on the scales of activation, excitement, tone, euphoria, and reducing asthenia indicators. Conditions such as well-being, normal mood, calmness remain stable in immersive didactic VR. In the control sample, in a less immersive VR-environment, statistically significant changes in indicators — tone, excitement, well-being were not revealed. The second part of the research, which examines the effect of higher-level VR programs on creativity, was carried out using a similar mixed factorial design with one independent variable. Johnson’s questionnaire, Torrance and Rorschach tests were used to diagnose creativity. In the experimental group (with vive helmets), in the parameters of all three tests, significant differences were diagnosed according to the Wilcoxon criterion of no less than 95%. In the control group, where the subjects worked with the same program («Surfaces of the second order») on ordinary monitors, the significance of the changes was confirmed by the method of Johnson and Torrance by the Wilcoxon test, by the G test «in Torrance», the changes were not reliable, by «Rorschach», by the two criteria, the changes were not reliable. In general, the results showed that the higher immersiveness of even short didactic VR programs promotes greater changes in creativity. The effectiveness of VR programs in influencing mental states and creativity is determined by the successful modeling of 3D objects, high animation, interactivity, originally incorporated into the content of higher level VR. Changes in creativity in VR, along with changes in cognitive processes, personal parameters (motivation, abilities, focus, consciousness), mental states are considered as an indicator of the presence and specificity of VR ontology.

The study explores the patterns of perception of a virtual model with a ‘Thatcherized face’.Using the Deepfake IT-technology and the Adobe After Effects video editor, a stimulus model reproducing the face of a young actress with the eye and mouth areas inverted by 180° was created.It was shown that the phenomena of perception of the Thatcherized face, registered earlier under static conditions, are preserved when the dynamic model is exposed, and acquire a new content.In particular, the inversion effect in the dynamic mode is stronger than in the static one.Under multimodal exposure, its magnitude decreases, while the adequacy of the direct exposure evaluations increases.The age of the virtual model as compared to the real person is overestimated.The adequacy of evaluations of the models’ gender and behavior exceeds 85%.Estimates of attractiveness and emotional states of the virtual models directly depend on the type of situation they are in.The similarity of the main patterns found in the study of the perceptions of Thatcherized and chimerical faces is demonstrated.

Extreme temporal condition for visual identification task is held. A gaze-contingent eyetracking study was used to assess how presaccadic stimulus influences the one presented during a reactive saccade. A strong forward masking effect is found. Identification rate of second image is below chance, but still in accordance with previous studies, where no masking was present. Identification rate, erratic responses, statistical connection with alternative response (2AFC task), physical properties of saccades are similar to simple intrasaccadic identification task [3; 5]. Two aspects of transsaccadic visual perception were hypothesized, possessing common temporal structure: sensoric (geometric primitive detection) and gnostical (naturalistically valid object identification).

This research describes a method for studying the authenticity/unauthenticity of the information re- ported by people in video images. It is based on automatic tracking of coordinates of key points of a speaker’s face using OpenFace software. When processing the data, the multiple linear regression procedure is used. It was found that the dynamics of neighboring key points in the obtained models has a multidirectional char- acter, indicating the presence of a superposition of several dynamic structures, corresponding to the characteristic complex changes in the face position and facial expressions of the sitter. Their isolation is realized by means of the principal component analysis. It is shown, that the first 11 principal components describe 99.7% of the variability of the initial data. The correlation analysis between the number of credibility/confidence statements on the set of time intervals and the principal component loadings, allows to differentiate the dynamic structures of the face, connected with the assessments of credibility of the reported information. Automated analysis of face dynamics optimizes the process of collecting empirical data on the sitter’s appearance and their semantic structuring, as well as expands the range of predictors of the assessments of the truthfulness of the messages received.

Presents the state-of-the-art Deepfake face replacement image collage method, an artificial intelligence (AI) product that can be used to create high-quality, realistic videos with a fake or replaced face, with no obvious signs of manipulation. Based on the DeepFaceLab (DFL) application, the process of creating video images of an “impossible face” is described step by step. The results of the experiments of studying the perception patterns of the moving “impossible face” and their differences in statics and dynamics are presented. The stimuli were two DFL-generated models of virtual sitters with impossible faces: a video image of a chimerical face, in which the right and left sides belong to different people, and a Tatchered face with the eyes and mouth areas rotated by 180°. It was shown that the phenomena of perception of the “impossible face”, registered earlier under static conditions (integrity of perception of the split image, distraction and inversion effect), are preserved and acquire a new content when dynamic models are exposed. In contrast to the collaged images, the original faces in statics and motion, regardless of egocentric orientation, are evaluated positively at the level of high values. Under all tested conditions the gender of the virtual sitter is determined adequately, the perceived age is overestimated. Estimates of the virtual sitter’s emotions from his video images are differentiated into basic (stable) and additional (changing) states, the ratio of which depends on the content of a particular episode. Deepfake image synthesis technology significantly expands the possibilities of psychological research of interpersonal perception. The use of digital technologies simplifies the creation of “impossible face” stimulus models necessary for in-depth study of representations of the human inner world, and creates a need for new experimental-psychological procedures corresponding to a higher level of ecological and social validity.

This study the role of emotional expressions of the sitter’s face in the perception of his personality traits. The scores given by observers on the scales of the “Personality Differential” for images of a calm face and the face of the same sitter, demonstrating six basic emotions, were compared. Forty-nine photographic images of the emotional states of seven sitters included in the RaFD database were used as stimulus material. A total of 193 Moscow university students (66 men and 127 women, mean age 23.3 years) participated in the experiment. A 17% statistically significant change in personality scores was recorded, two-thirds of which tended toward the positive poles of the scales. Changing perceptions of a person’s personality suggests a coherent relationship between emotion modality and personality traits. Each basic expression influences a specific group of 10-15 traits, and in different ways. Each trait relies on an affective configuration with its own specificity. Disgust has the maximum integrative influence on the view of the sitter’s personality. Joy causes extremely high positive changes, while sadness and astonishment cause moderate, symmetrical changes in the ratio of positive and negative shifts. Fear and anger lead to an equilibrium of positive and negative evaluations. The highest volume of trait changes is obtained for the “Activity” factor (A), which is associated mainly with positive shifts, the lowest volume is for the “Evaluation” factor (E), which is, together with the “Strength” factor (S), the main source of negative changes in the sitters’ perception. The volume of affective feature shifts is determined by the morphotype of the face and the individual stylistics of emotion expression. In everyday life, the possibility of affective changes in traits does not violate the general invariance of interpersonal perception.

The article is devoted to the results of approbation of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT), a Swiss method for assessing dynamic emotional states, on Russian sample. Identification accuracy and the categorical fields’ structure of emotional expressions of a “living” face are analysed. Similarities and differences in the perception of affective groups of dynamic emotions in the Russian and Swiss samples are considered. A number of patterns of recognition of multi-modal expressions with changes in valence and arousal of emotions are described. Differences in the perception of dynamics and statics of emotional expressions are revealed. GERT method confirmed it’s high potential for solving a wide range of academic and applied problems.

The article provides a review of experimental studies of interpersonal perception on the material of static and dynamic facial expressions as a unique source of information about the person’s inner world. The focus is on the patterns of perception of a moving face, included in the processes of communication and joint activities (an alternative to the most commonly studied perception of static images of a person outside of a behavioral context). The review includes four interrelated topics: face statics and dynamics in the recognition of emotional expressions; specificity of perception of moving face expressions; multimodal integration of emotional cues; generation and perception of facial expressions in communication processes. The analysis identifies the most promising areas of research of face in motion. We show that the static and dynamic modes of facial perception complement each other, and describe the role of qualitative features of the facial expression dynamics in assessing the emotional state of a person. Facial expression is considered as part of a holistic multimodal manifestation of emotions. The importance of facial movements as an instrument of social interaction is emphasized.

The concepts of personality of the virtual sitter are studied based on schematic representations of faces induc- ing the expression of joy and sadness (Brunswik, 1956). Observers evaluated schematic faces using the “Personal Differential” scales. It is shown that varying the distance between schematic eyes, nose length, height of the mouth and forehead causes not only impressions of joy or sadness, but also changes the representation of the in- dividual psychological characteristics of a virtual personality. With the expansion of face structure horizontally and narrowing it vertically, pronounced positive ideas about the personality of the virtual sitter dominated. With an alternative configuration — narrowing the face horizontally and expanding it vertically — the ideas about the personality of the model are merged with the ideas generated by the neutral face scheme. The three externally similar facial images correspond to two imaginary models. The doubling effect is reproduced in different ways in the dynamics of the components of the implicit personality structure — the factors “Assessment”, “Strength”, “Activity”. It is proved that the ideas about the individual psychological characteristics of a virtual sitter — the person to whom the schematic faces belong, are mediated by the perception of his states. The hypothesis that the doubling effect is due to differences in the self-assessment of observers has not been confirmed.

The possibilities of obtaining information about the identity of a third party were studied in different ways of depicting a face. The results of two series of experiments were compared, in which the same configuration relations were included in the context of either a schematic face made up of abstract geometric figures or photographic portraits of specific people. Stimulus material was based on the figures of E. Brunswick (1956), demonstrating the dependence of induced expressions (joy/gust) on the spatial organization of the face. Assessment of individual psychological features of the sitter and self-assessment of observers were performed using the Personal Differential method. As a result of the analysis the general regularities of perception of a person in the created conditions are revealed: polarization of estimations of features and their asymmetry defined by impressions about the state of modelers — real or imaginary. Two nonspecific phenomena of interpersonal perception related to transformations of the configuration relations of the face have been revealed: (1) inversion of the attractiveness of the person shown in the photo, and (2) doubling of the personality of the virtual sitter. It is shown that the influence of the observer’s self-esteem on the modeler’s assessment depends both on the type of the face image and on the direction of configuration transformations. The obtained results are interpreted in terms of the dynamics of constellation of features, the mechanism of super generation of emotional manifestations and halo-effect of attractiveness. The methodology of general psychological research of interpersonal perception based on the variation of configuration relations of the face is substantiated.

Different observers’ visions of the personality of one and the same human, depicted on an artistic portrait or a photograph, where investigated experimentally. The observers’ estimations obtained by a well known method of “Personality Difference”, were used as the analytic tool. The collected data witness, that different methods of presentation lead to different vision of one and the same personality. A considerable individual variability of significantly different scale estimations’ body and quantity depending on the estimated person was discovered. According to the factor analyses, the persons on photographs are generally perceived as being more active (sociable) then on portraits. The dependence between observers’ self-esteems and their estimations of personages’ individual psychological characteristics regardless to presentation method was also discovered.

A comparison of the parameters of oculomotor activity in the perception of static and dynamic images of the face was made. It is shown that in both static and dynamic conditions, the trajectory of eye movement is determined by the internal structure of the face of the and the functional connections of the facial areas of his face. Differences were found at the level of individual parameters of oculomotor activity: the duration of examination of the face zones, the duration of fixation and the amplitude of saccades. Routes for reviewing static images are fully cyclic in nature. Recurrent fixations in the same zone of interest are poorly expressed, and their contribution to the overall structure of movements is negligible. When perceiving dynamic images, the survey routes have a degenerate, partially reduced character, determined by the current dynamics of facial expressions; the contribution of repeated fixations in the same zone of interest increases.

We studied the perception of human facial emotional expressions during step-function stroboscopic presentation of changing mimics. Consecutive stages of each of the six basic facial expressions were pre sented to the participants: neutral face (300 ms) — expression of medium intensity (10—40 ms) — intense expression (30—120 ms) — expression of medium intensity (10—40 ms) — neutral face (100 ms). Alternative forced choice task was used to categorize the facial expressions. The results were compared to previous studies (Barabanschikov, Korolkova, Lobodinskaya, 2015; 2016), conducted using the same paradigm but with boxcar-function change of the expression: neutral face — intense expression — neutral face. We found that the dynamics of facial expression recognition, as well as errors and recognition time are almost identical in conditions of boxcar- and step-function presentation. One factor influencing the recognition rate is the proportion of presentation time of static (neutral) and changing (facial expression) aspects of the stimulus. In suboptimal conditions of facial expression perception (minimal presentation time of 10+30+10 ms and reduced intensity of expressions) we revealed stroboscopic sensibilization — a previously described phenomenon of enhanced recognition rate of low-attractive expressions (disgust, sadness, fear and anger), which has been previously found in conditions of boxcar-function presentation of expressions. We confirmed the similarity of influence of real and apparent motion on the recognition of basic facial emotional expressions.

A microstructural analysis of perception of a partner in communication was carried out. Mute video recordings of 15 clips of a structured conversation in which communicants expressed true and false judgments, were subjected to complex coding. In each 40 ms frame 51 nonverbal signs/102 binary markers indicating the state of the facial zones, the nature of the movements of the head, hands and body were considered. Based on expert estimates, the proportion of frames was calculated, in which each of the markers is present at selected time intervals. Looking at the video clips, 35 observers intuitively, by external features, determined the fragments when the communicator is telling truth and when lying. The frequency and time of occurrence of markers were analyzed. Frequency regression models of “true” and “false” response of communicants were built. It is shown that the required estimates are performed by the observer 1.5—2 seconds before the answer. High-frequency features form a stable core of the impression of the reliability of the communicator’s judgments, complemented with changeable low-frequency features explaining the growth of explanatory power of regression models. Markers have been identified that contribute to adequate perception of the reliability of information reported. The style of non-verbal behavior of people implementing alternative communication strategies is described.

Introduction. The study examines the relationship between facial configuration and assessing personality traits. Objective determinants of interpersonal perception, such as facial types, a model’s age and gender, the mode and duration of exposure of facial photographs, etc., are well elaborated in domestic and foreign studies. However, questions remain about how facial structure and also the observer's personality characteristics determine the perception of individual psychological characteristics through facial photographs. Methods. The study employed the comparative analysis of evaluations of individual psychological characteristics by facial photographs by the scales of the Personal Differential Questionnaire in combination with multidirectional transformations of photographs of neutral faces. Results. A systematic variation of four configuration variables – location of the mouth and eyes, nose length, and pupillary distance – not only causes weak persistent impressions of joy or sadness, but also changes ideas about individual psychological traits. The induced joy was associated with the positive poles of the scales of the Personal Differential Questionnaire; the induced sadness was associated with the negative poles of its scales. Directional transformations had different impacts on ideas about the components of the implicit structure of personality – evaluation, potency, and activity. Extraversion was more often associated with female faces, while the perceived dominance/subordination – with male faces. The observed patterns modified under the influence of facial morphotypes and the observer’s self-assessment. Discussion. The research findings confirm an overgeneralization of weak emotional states when perceiving neutral faces and indicate a close association between overgeneralization and the observer’s self-concept. In conclusion: a multidirectional variation of the configuration variables of emotionally neutral faces selectively affects the perception of personality traits. The observer’s sympathy/antipathy and also his/her individual psychological features play a special role in assessing the personality characteristics through facial expressions.

The most important technological properties of concrete mix are its workability, waterproof capacity, immutability of the properties and air-entrainment. The task of increasing the efficiency and quality of concrete and reinforced concrete is still very relevant and it cannot be successfully solved without the use of special chemical additives. The purpose of the research is to obtain workable concrete mix using special additives. The plasticizers based on polycarboxylate esters: Power Flow PF-2695, Power Flow PF-1130 and Power Flow PF-2237 have been determined as the most effective. It was found that some additives after the addition cause the creation of defects.

The study experimentally investigated the perception of the identity of the same person, depicted in a photo and in a portrait. Firstly, the evaluations of the individual psychologic characteristics of several historical personalities of XIX—XX centuries were analyzed. Secondly, the perceived structure of their values. It was found that similar evaluations of personality traits occur in perception of different images of the same face. While evaluating portraits, the participant used more diverse words, number of characteristics and performed the task longer. Evaluations of our participants and contemporaries of demonstrated personalities matched each other. The means of evaluations of differences in perception of the values of artistic and documentary images of the same person were not significantly different. Reconstruction of personalities’ identity via their face images is based on social roles attached to them, rather than on the artistic or documentary ways of their representation.

The subject of research is concrete containing a polycarboxylate superplasticizer admixture and metakaolin. The effect of water-cement ratio, superplasticizer, and metakaolin on plastic shrinkage of cement paste was investigated. Two types of cement are also compared. One of them was alite-aluminate cement (cement A). Another one was belite-celite cement (cement B). If the water-cement ratio is increased, then the plastic shrinkage of samples with both cements develops more intensively and achieves higher values. However, the w/c ratio affects the shrinkage of the cement A more. For the first 8 hours, the cement A shrinkage is 1.71–5.21 mm/m at W/C = 0.2–0.35. For cement B, the corresponding values are 0.953–2.63 mm/m. The cement A's plastic shrinkage is 1.51–1.98 times higher than cement B's plastic shrinkage. If polycarboxylate superplasticizer content is increased, then the shrinkage of both cements increases significantly due to the release of part of physically bound water and its evaporation. The addition of the superplasticizer increases the shrinkage of the cement A by an average of 40 %, and the shrinkage of cement B by approximately twice. Simultaneously, the shrinkage of two cements becomes approximately equal due to the same rate of interaction of water with the cement, limited by the diffusion of water through the polycarboxylate adsorption film. Selective capacity of polycarboxylate concerning two types of cement is shown. The alite-aluminate cement gives the same shrinkage as the belite-celite cement, with a 1.89 times higher superplasticizer content. Replacing part of the cement by metakaolin reduces the initial shrinkage, however, not so significantly as the other two factors. If the metakaolin content in the binder is increased, then the shrinkage of both cements decreases. More noticeable is the effect of metakaolin on the cement A. The shrinkage of the cement B has not changed much.

The subject of research is expanded-clay concrete with additives of ground granulated blast-furnace slag, silica fume, superplasticizer admixture and air-entraining admixture for 3D printing. The heat release of concrete and thermal conductivity of concrete are investigated depending on the concrete composition (cement, water cement ratio, expanded-clay), additives (slag, silica fume) and admixtures (superplasticizer, air-entraining agent). The thermal conductivity of concrete depends primarily on the expanded clay gravel content and depends less on the cement content. If both factors increase, the thermal conductivity decreases. This is due to the replacement of dense sand grains with a more porous cement paste. The influence of air-entraining admixture on the thermal conductivity of expanded-clay concrete was not detected due to the high scattering of the experimental points. It was confirmed that the cement content and water cement ratio have an impact on the integral value of the heat release per unit mass of cement (q = Q/C). This value decreases with increasing cement content. The reason for this is that the total heat generated by concrete Q, with constant W/C and other equal conditions, increases linearly with increasing the cement content. The air-entraining admixture increases the heat generation by concrete. This is due to the chemical interaction between the admixture and cement hydration products with the formation of thermodynamically more stable compounds.

The long-lasting materials are sustainable goal for future, which were improved with various material combination, such as wood and basalt fibers. When materials with various nature were combined, properties might be altered and those must be evaluated. This study investigates the effect of basalt fibers on the wooden structure. Test materials were three various wood frames; pure, reinforced, and basalt fiber reinforced frames. The materials were analyzed by mechanical tests and elements were modelled with software package. In mechanical test, the strength value of pure and reinforced wooden structures ranging from 5.2 to 11.2 kN with a 19–25 mm deformation. The strength and deformation of basalt reinforced frames varied between 12.0-18.6 kN and 4–6 mm, correspondingly. Finite element modeling supported to the achieved results in the mechanical tests. It is concluded that basalt fiber reinforced wooden structures are more sustainable material from the viewpoint of material features.

We studied the influence of the apparent (stroboscopic) movements on the perception of facial expressions of basic expressions of defocused images. Varied factors were modality of expression, context, time of exposure and the degree of the face blurring. We found that under conditions of stroboscopic exposure, high-attractive face expressions (happiness, surprise) and a neutral face are most adequately perceived by observers, and the relative accuracy of their recognition in all stimulus situation does not change. Adequacy recognition of low-attractive expressions (disgust, sadness, fear and anger) depends on the duration of exposure of the face and the extent of its blurring. At low (20 pixels) and intermediate (40 pixels) levels of blur and reduced exposure times (up to 100 or 50 ms), the relative accuracy of recognition falls (the effect of stroboscopic masking), but strong (60 pixels) blurring and the minimum time (50 ms) exposure increase the relative accuracy (stroboscopic effect of sensitization). Stroboscopic effect sensitization indicates partial similarity of the influence of real and apparent changes in facial expressions to recognition of the emotional expression.

The identification accuracy of intense basic facial expressions during the saccadic eye movements is studied. An original hardware-software apparatus based on high frequency video eyetracker was used which makes it possible to change visual stimulus twice during a saccade. A reliable identification at a frequency of 0,61 is observed. The identification frequency is related both to the expression modality and alternative response. No relation to egocentric stimulus position is observed.

The characteristic of the experimental method in psychology is given. The stages of the making and development, and also the place of the laboratory experiment in modern Russian psychology are considered. The guiding lines and conditions of the technological re-equipment of the machinery of the psychological science in Russia are discussed.

The authors discuss the problem of perception of facial expressions produced by configural features. Experimentally found configural features influence the perception of emotional expression of subjectively emotionless face. Classical results by E. Brunsvik related to perception of schematic faces are partly confirmed.