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Background: Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of "Parque Nacional do Caparaó" (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states., New Information: "Parque Nacional do Caparaó" houses 8% of the land plant species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including 6% of its angiosperms, 31% of its lycophytes and ferns and 14% of its avascular plants. Twelve percent of the threatened species listed for the State of Espírito Santo and 7% listed for the State of Minas Gerais are also protected by PNC. Surprisingly, 79% of the collections analysed here were carried out in Minas Gerais, which represents just 21% of the total extension of the Park. The compiled data uncover a huge botanical collection gap in this federally-protected area., (Marina M Moreira, Tatiana T Carrijo, Anderson G Alves-Araújo, Alessandro Rapini, Alexandre Salino, Aline D Firmino, Aline P Chagas, Ana F A Versiane, André M A Amorim, Andrews V S da Silva, Amélia C Tuler, Ariane L Peixoto, Bethina S Soares, Braz A P Cosenza, Camila N Delgado, Claudia R Lopes, Christian Silva, Daniel E F Barbosa, Daniele Monteiro, Danilo Marques, Dayvid R Couto, Diego R Gonzaga, Eduardo Dalcin, Elton John de Lirio, Fabrício S Meyer, Fátima R G Salimena, Felipe A. Oliveira, Filipe S Souza, Fernando B Matos, Gabriel Depiantti, Guilherme M Antar, Gustavo Heiden, Henrique M Dias, Hian C F Sousa, Isabel T F V Lopes, Isis M Rollim, Jaquelini Luber, Jefferson Prado, Jimi N Nakajima, João Lanna, João Paulo F Zorzanelli, Joelcio Freitas, José F A Baumgratz, Jovani B S Pereira, Juliana R P M Oliveira, Kelly Antunes, Lana S Sylvestre, Leandro C Pederneiras, Leandro Freitas, Leandro L Giacomin, Leonardo D Meireles, Leonardo N Silva, Luciana C Pereira, Luís Alexandre E Silva, Luiz Menini Neto, Marcelo Monge, Marcelo L O Trovó, Marcelo Reginato, Marcos E G Sobral, Mario Gomes, Mário L Garbin, Marli P Morim, Nayara D Soares, Paulo H E Labiak, Pedro L Viana, Pedro H Cardoso, Pedro L R Moraes, Pedro B Schwartsburd, Quélita S Moraes, Raquel F Zorzanelli, Renara Nichio-Amaral, Renato Goldenberg, Samyra G Furtado, Thamara Feletti, Valquíria F Dutra, Vinícius R Bueno, Vinícius A O Dittrich, Rafaela C Forzza.)

Background: Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with about 37,000 species of land plants. Part of this biodiversity is within protected areas. The development of online databases in the last years greatly improved the available biodiversity data. However, the existing databases do not provide information about the protected areas in which individual plant species occur. The lack of such information is a crucial gap for conservation actions. This study aimed to show how the information captured from online databases, cleaned by a protocol and verified by taxonomists allowed us to obtain a comprehensive list of the vascular plant species from the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia", the first national park founded in Brazil. All existing records in the online database JABOT (15,100 vouchers) were downloaded, resulting in 11,783 vouchers identified at the species level. Overall, we documented 2,316 species belonging to 176 families and 837 genera of vascular plants in the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia". Considering the whole vascular flora, 2,238 species are native and 78 are non-native., New Information: The "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia" houses 13% of the angiosperm and 37% of the fern species known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Amongst these species, 82 have been cited as threatened, following IUCN categories (CR, EN or VU), seven are data deficient (DD) and 15 have been classified as a conservation priority, because they are only known from a single specimen collected before 1969., (Marina M Moreira, Tatiana T Carrijo, Anderson Alves-Araújo, André M A Amorim, Alessandro Rapini, Andrews V S da Silva, Braz A P Cosenza, Claudia R Lopes, Camila N Delgado, Cíntia Kameyama, Dayvid R Couto, Daniel E F Barbosa, Daniele Monteiro, Diego R Gonzaga, Eduardo C Dalcin, Elsie F Guimarães, Elton John de Lírio, Fernando B Matos, Fátima R G Salimena, Felipe A Oliveira, Gustavo Heiden, João M Lanna, José Fernando Baumgratz, José F B Pastore, Juliana R P M Oliveira, Laísa B Barcelos, Lana S Sylvestre, Leandro Freitas, Leandro L Giacomin, Leandro Pederneiras, Leonardo D Meireles, Lúcia G Lohmann, Luciana C Pereira, Luis Alexandre E Silva, Luiz M Neto, Marcelo C Souza, Marcelo Trovó, Marcos E G Sobral, Mário Luís Garbin, Mario Gomes, Marli P Morim, Michelle Christine A Mota, Paulo H Labiak, Pedro L Viana, Pedro Luís R de Moraes, Renato Goldenberg, Rubens Luiz G Coelho, Samyra G Furtado, Sebastião José da Silva-Neto, Thiago B Flores, Valquíria F Dutra, Vinícius R Bueno, Rafaela C Forzza.)

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events., (© 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of America.)