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1. Recent Results from The Askaryan Radio Array

Author

ARA Collaboration, Allison, P., Archambault, S., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Clark, B., Clough, A., Connolly, A., Davies, J., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Fender, C., Friedman, E., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Oberla, E., O'Murchadha, A., Pan, Y., Ratzlaff, K., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Touart, J., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino telescope at the South Pole consisting of an array of radio antennas aimed at detecting the Askaryan radiation produced by neutrino interactions in the ice. Currently, the experiment has five stations in operation that have been deployed in stages since 2012. This contribution focuses on the development of a search for a diffuse flux of neutrinos in two ARA stations (A2 and A3) from 2013-2016. A background of $\sim 0.01-0.02$ events is expected in one station in each of two search channels in horizontal- and vertical-polarizations. The expected new constraints on the flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos based on four years of analysis with two stations improve on the previous limits set by ARA by a factor of about two. The projected sensitivity of ARA's five-station dataset is beginning to be competitive with other neutrino telescopes at high energies near $10^{10.5}\,$GeV., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, prepared for proceedings for the International Cosmic Ray Conference, Madison, WI, 2019

Published
2019

2. Design and Performance of an Interferometric Trigger Array for Radio Detection of High-Energy Neutrinos

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Bogdan, M., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Clark, B. A., Clough, A., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Davies, J., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Friedman, E., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K. D., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H., Hughes, K., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Ludwig, A., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Oberla, E., OMurchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ransom, M., Ratzla, K., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Smith, D., Song, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wei, K., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Ultra-high energy neutrinos are detectable through impulsive radio signals generated through interactions in dense media, such as ice. Subsurface in-ice radio arrays are a promising way to advance the observation and measurement of astrophysical high-energy neutrinos with energies above those discovered by the IceCube detector ($\geq$1 PeV) as well as cosmogenic neutrinos created in the GZK process ($\geq$100 PeV). Here we describe the $\textit{NuPhase}$ detector, which is a compact receiving array of low-gain antennas deployed 185 m deep in glacial ice near the South Pole. Signals from the antennas are digitized and coherently summed into multiple beams to form a low-threshold interferometric phased array trigger for radio impulses. The NuPhase detector was installed at an Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) station during the 2017/18 Austral summer season. $\textit{In situ}$ measurements with an impulsive, point-source calibration instrument show a 50% trigger efficiency on impulses with voltage signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of $\le$2.0, a factor of $\sim$1.8 improvement in SNR over the standard ARA combinatoric trigger. Hardware-level simulations, validated with $\textit{in situ}$ measurements, predict a trigger threshold of an SNR as low as 1.6 for neutrino interactions that are in the far field of the array. With the already-achieved NuPhase trigger performance included in ARASim, a detector simulation for the ARA experiment, we find the trigger-level effective detector volume is increased by a factor of 1.8 at neutrino energies between 10 and 100 PeV compared to the currently used ARA combinatoric trigger. We also discuss an achievable near term path toward lowering the trigger threshold further to an SNR of 1.0, which would increase the effective single-station volume by more than a factor of 3 in the same range of neutrino energies., Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A

Published
2018
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3. Observation of Reconstructable Radio Emission Coincident with an X-Class Solar Flare in the Askaryan Radio Array Prototype Station

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Bora, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Clark, B. A., Clough, A., Connolly, A., Davies, J., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Friedman, E., Fox, B., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Meures, T., Miki, C., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Oberla, E., ÓMurchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Richman, M., Roth, J., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Tu, H. -Y., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) reports an observation of radio emission coincident with the "Valentine's Day" solar flare on Feb. 15$^{\rm{th}}$, 2011 in the prototype "Testbed" station. We find $\sim2000$ events that passed our neutrino search criteria during the 70 minute period of the flare, all of which reconstruct to the location of the sun. A signal analysis of the events reveals them to be consistent with that of bright thermal noise correlated across antennas. This is the first natural source of radio emission reported by ARA that is tightly reconstructable on an event-by-event basis. The observation is also the first for ARA to point radio from individual events to an extraterrestrial source on the sky. We comment on how the solar flares, coupled with improved systematic uncertainties in reconstruction algorithms, could aid in a mapping of any above-ice radio emission, such as that from cosmic-ray air showers, to astronomical locations on the sky., Comment: 18 pages, 22 figures

Published
2018

4. Measurement of the real dielectric permittivity epsilon_r of glacial ice

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Brabec, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Christenson, A., Clark, B. A., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M., Friedman, L., Gaior, R., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H. A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M. -C., Kravchenko, I., Kuwabara, T., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichols, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., Oberla, E., O'Murchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Relich, M., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Touart, J., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wissel, S., Yang, Y., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Using data collected by the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) experiment at the South Pole, we have used long-baseline propagation of radio-frequency signals to extract information on the radio-frequency index-of-refraction in South Polar ice. Owing to the increasing ice density over the upper 150--200 meters, rays are observed along two, nearly parallel paths, one of which is direct and a second which refracts through an inflection point, with differences in both arrival time and arrival angle that can be used to constrain the neutrino properties. We also observe indications, for the first time, of radio-frequency ice birefringence for signals propagating along predominantly horizontal trajectories, corresponding to an asymmetry of order 0.1% between the ordinary and extra-ordinary paths, numerically compatible with previous measurements of birefringent asymmetries for vertically-propagating radio-frequency signals at South Pole. Taken together, these effects offer the possibility of redundantly measuring the range from receiver to a neutrino interaction in Antarctic ice, if receiver antennas are deployed at shallow (25 m

Published
2017

5. Performance of two Askaryan Radio Array stations and first results in the search for ultra-high energy neutrinos

Author

ARA Collaboration, Allison, P., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Bora, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Christenson, A., Connolly, A., Davies, J., Duvernois, M., Fox, B., Gaior, R., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H. A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kennedy, D., Kravchenko, I., Kuwabara, T., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Macchiarulo, L., Mase, K., Meures, T., Meyhandan, R., Miki, C., Morse, R., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., O'Murchadha, A., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Relich, M., Richman, M., Ritter, L., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Schellin, P., Shultz, A., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Touart, J., Varner, G. S., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Yang, Y., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Ultra-high energy neutrinos are interesting messenger particles since, if detected, they can transmit exclusive information about ultra-high energy processes in the Universe. These particles, with energies above $10^{16}\mathrm{eV}$, interact very rarely. Therefore, detectors that instrument several gigatons of matter are needed to discover them. The ARA detector is currently being constructed at South Pole. It is designed to use the Askaryan effect, the emission of radio waves from neutrino-induced cascades in the South Pole ice, to detect neutrino interactions at very high energies. With antennas distributed among 37 widely-separated stations in the ice, such interactions can be observed in a volume of several hundred cubic kilometers. Currently 3 deep ARA stations are deployed in the ice of which two have been taking data since the beginning of the year 2013. In this publication, the ARA detector "as-built" and calibrations are described. Furthermore, the data reduction methods used to distinguish the rare radio signals from overwhelming backgrounds of thermal and anthropogenic origin are presented. Using data from only two stations over a short exposure time of 10 months, a neutrino flux limit of $3 \cdot 10^{-6} \mathrm{GeV} / (\mathrm{cm^2 \ s \ sr})$ is calculated for a particle energy of 10^{18}eV, which offers promise for the full ARA detector., Comment: 21 pages, 34 figures, 1 table, includes supplementary material

Published
2015
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6. Constraints on the Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux from Gamma-Ray Bursts from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array

Author

Allison, P., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Bora, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, P., Connolly, A., Davies, J. P., DuVernois, M. A., Fox, B., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, K., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hu, L. -C., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J., Kravchenko, I., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T., Lu, M. -Y., Maunu, R., Mase, K., Meures, T., Miki, C., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., O'Murchadha, A., Pfendner, C. G., Ratzlaff, K., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shultz, A., Song, M., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Tu, H. -Y., Varner, G. S., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Bustamante, M., and Guetta, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on a search for ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the data set collected by the Testbed station of the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) in 2011 and 2012. From 57 selected GRBs, we observed no events that survive our cuts, which is consistent with 0.12 expected background events. Using NeuCosmA as a numerical GRB reference emission model, we estimate upper limits on the prompt UHE GRB neutrino fluence and quasi-diffuse flux from $10^{7}$ to $10^{10}$ GeV. This is the first limit on the prompt UHE GRB neutrino quasi-diffuse flux above $10^{7}$ GeV., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, Published in Astroparticle Physics Journal

Published
2015
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7. First Constraints on the Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array

Author

ARA Collaboration, Allison, P., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Bora, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, P., Connolly, A., Davies, J. P., DuVernois, M. A., Fox, B., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, K., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hu, L. -C., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J., Kravchenko, I., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T., Lu, M. -Y., Maunu, R., Mase, K., Meures, T., Miki, C., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., O'Murchadha, A., Pfendner, C. G., Ratzlaff, K., Richman, M., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shultz, A., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Tu, H. -Y., Varner, G. S., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy ($>10^{17}$ eV) cosmic neutrino detector in phased construction near the South Pole. ARA searches for radio Cherenkov emission from particle cascades induced by neutrino interactions in the ice using radio frequency antennas ($\sim150-800$ MHz) deployed at a design depth of 200 m in the Antarctic ice. A prototype ARA Testbed station was deployed at $\sim30$ m depth in the 2010-2011 season and the first three full ARA stations were deployed in the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 seasons. We present the first neutrino search with ARA using data taken in 2011 and 2012 with the ARA Testbed and the resulting constraints on the neutrino flux from $10^{17}-10^{21}$ eV., Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures. Since first revision, added section on systematic uncertainties, updated limits and uncertainty band with improvements to simulation, added appendix describing ray tracing algorithm. Final revision includes a section on cosmic ray backgrounds. Published in Astropart. Phys. J

Published
2014
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8. Design and performance of an interferometric trigger array for radio detection of high-energy neutrinos

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Bard, R., Beatty, J.J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D.Z., Beydler, M., Bogdan, M., Chen, C.-C., Chen, C.-H., Chen, P., Clark, B.A., Clough, A., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Davies, J., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M.A., Friedman, E., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K.D., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hong, E., Hsu, S.-Y., Hu, L., Huang, J.-J., Huang, M.-H., Hughes, K., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J.L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U.A., Laundrie, A., Li, C.-J., Liu, T.C., Lu, M.-Y., Ludwig, A., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R.J., Nir, G., Oberla, E., ÓMurchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ransom, M., Ratzlaff, K., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y.-S., Shultz, A., Smith, D., Song, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Vieregg, A.G., Wang, M.-Z., Wang, S.-H., Wei, K., Wissel, S.A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Published
2019
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9. Measurement of the real dielectric permittivity ϵr of glacial ice

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J.J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D.Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C.C., Chen, C.H., Chen, P., Christenson, A., Clark, B.A., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M., Friedman, L., Gaior, R., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K.D., Hong, E., Hsu, S.Y., Hu, L., Huang, J.J., Huang, M.-H.A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J.L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M.-C., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Kuwabara, T., Landsman, H., Latif, U.A., Laundrie, A., Li, C.-J., Liu, T.-C., Lu, M.-Y., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R.J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., Oberla, E., O’ Murchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Relich, M., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y.S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Touart, J., Varner, G.S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M.Z., Wang, S.H., Wissel, S., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Published
2019
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10. Design and Initial Performance of the Askaryan Radio Array Prototype EeV Neutrino Detector at the South Pole

Author

Allison, P., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Boeser, S., Chen, C., Chen, P., Connolly, A., Davies, J., DuVernois, M., Fox, B., Gorham, P. W., Grashorn, E. W., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Helbing, K., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Huang, M., Huang, M. H. A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kennedy, D., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Liu, T. C., Macchiarulo, L., Mase, K., Meures, T., Meyhandan, R., Miki, C., Morse, R., Newcomb, M., Nichol, R. J., Ratzlaff, K., Richman, M., Ritter, L., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Touart, J., Varner, G. S., Wang, M. -Z., Weaver, C., Wendorff, A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on studies of the viability and sensitivity of the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), a new initiative to develop a Teraton-scale ultra-high energy neutrino detector in deep, radio-transparent ice near Amundsen-Scott station at the South Pole. An initial prototype ARA detector system was installed in January 2011, and has been operating continuously since then. We report on studies of the background radio noise levels, the radio clarity of the ice, and the estimated sensitivity of the planned ARA array given these results, based on the first five months of operation. Anthropogenic radio interference in the vicinity of the South Pole currently leads to a few-percent loss of data, but no overall effect on the background noise levels, which are dominated by the thermal noise floor of the cold polar ice, and galactic noise at lower frequencies. We have also successfully detected signals originating from a 2.5 km deep impulse generator at a distance of over 3 km from our prototype detector, confirming prior estimates of kilometer-scale attenuation lengths for cold polar ice. These are also the first such measurements for propagation over such large slant distances in ice. Based on these data, ARA-37, the 200 km^2 array now under construction, will achieve the highest sensitivity of any planned or existing neutrino detector in the 10^{16}-10^{19} eV energy range., Comment: 25 pages, 37 figures, this version with improved ice attenuation length analysis; for submission to Astroparticle Physics

Published
2011

16. Constraints on the ultra-high-energy neutrino flux from Gamma-Ray bursts from a prototype station of the Askaryan radio array

Author

Allison, P., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J.J., Besson, D.Z., Bora, C., Chen, C.-C., Chen, P., Connolly, A., Davies, J.P., DuVernois, M.A., Fox, B., Gorham, P.W., Hanson, K., Hill, B., Hoffman, K.D., Hong, E., Hu, L.-C., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J., Kravchenko, I., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C.-J., Liu, T., Lu, M.-Y., Maunu, R., Mase, K., Meures, T., Miki, C., Nam, J., Nichol, R.J., Nir, G., Ó Murchadha, A., Pfendner, C.G., Ratzlaff, K., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shultz, A., Song, M., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Tu, H.-Y., Varner, G.S., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Bustamante, M., and Guetta, D.

Published
2017
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22. Electronics for the BaBar central drift chamber

Author

Albert, J, Bajic, A, Bard, R, Beaulieu, M, Blinov, V, Boyarski, A, Broomer, B, Coupal, D, Dal Corso, F, Dolinsky, S, Dorfan, D, Dow, S, Dubrovin, M, Dusatko, J, Erdos, E, Facciai, R, Fernandez, JP, Ford, WT, Galeazzi, F, Haller, G, Innes, W, Jawahery, A, Kreig, H, Lankford, AJ, Levi, M, Von Der Lippe, H, MacFarlane, DB, Martin, J-P, Momayezi, M, Morandin, M, Morii, M, Nelson, D, Nguyen, P, Palrang, M, Roy, J, Sadrozinski, H, Schumm, B, Sciolla, G, Seiden, A, Smith, AJS, Spencer, E, Soha, A, Taras, P, Varnes, E, Weinstein, A, Wilson, F, and Yushkov, A

Subjects
Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

The central drift chamber for the BaBar detector at the SLAC B-factory is based on a hexagonal cell design with 7104 cells arranged in 40 layers and drift gas Helium:isobutane (80%:20%). Performance optimization and integration requirements led to an electronics design that mounts the amplifier-discriminator and digitizing circuitry directly on the endplate. High channel density is achieved using a 4-channel custom amplifier-discriminator IC and an 8-channel custom CMOS TDC/FADC IC on a single circuit board. Data read from the front ends are multiplexed on 4 fiber optic links, and prompt trigger data are sent out continuously on 24 links. Analysis of cosmic ray data demonstrates that the electronics design meets the performance goals for the BaBar drift chamber. The final electronics were installed on the drift chamber in July, 1998. Installation of BaBar on beamline is scheduled for March, 1999. © 1999 IEEE.

Published
1999

23. First constraints on the ultra-high energy neutrino flux from a prototype station of the Askaryan Radio Array

Author

Allison, P., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J.J., Besson, D.Z., Bora, C., Chen, C.-C., Chen, P., Connolly, A., Davies, J.P., DuVernois, M.A., Fox, B., Gorham, P.W., Hanson, K., Hill, B., Hoffman, K.D., Hong, E., Hu, L.-C., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J., Kravchenko, I., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C.-J., Liu, T., Lu, M.-Y., Maunu, R., Mase, K., Meures, T., Miki, C., Nam, J., Nichol, R.J., Nir, G., O’Murchadha, A., Pfendner, C.G., Ratzlaff, K., Richman, M., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shultz, A., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Tu, H.-Y., Varner, G.S., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Published
2015
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24. Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes for elderly patients in a dedicated Covid-19 ward at a primary health care facility in western Norway: a retrospective observational study

Author

Bård Reiakvam Kittang, Ane Tveiten Øien, Einar Engtrø, Marian Skjellanger, and Kjell Krüger

Subjects
Covid-19, Nursing home, Advance care planning, Palliative care, Clinical Frailty Scale, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The coronavirus pandemic has hit the oldest and frailest individuals hard, particularly patients and residents in nursing homes. In March 2020, we established a Covid-19 ward at a nursing home in Bergen, western Norway for elderly patients with Sars-CoV-2 infection and in the need of treatment and care in a primary health care facility. The aims of this study were to describe the organization of the ward, the clinical outcomes of infection, treatment, mortality rates in the population, the level of advanced care planning, and end-of-life care for those who died. Methods We present patient characteristics, outcomes, vaccination status, treatment, decisions regarding treatment intensity upon clinical deterioration, and mortality for the patients in the ward. Clinical factors possibly related to a fatal outcome were analysed with chi square test (categorical variables) or t-test (continuous variables). Results 257 patients were included from March 2020 to April 2022. Fifty-nine patients (23.0%) developed respiratory failure. Ten patients (3.9%) were admitted to hospital. Advance care planning was undertaken for 245 (95.3%) of the patients. 30-day mortality rate decreased from 42 to 4% during the study period. Of the 29 (11.3%) patients who died, all were well alleviated in the terminal phase, and 26 (89.7%) of them had a Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) value ≥ 7. A high score for CFS, respiratory failure and respiratory co-infection were significantly associated with Covid-19 related death within 30 days. Conclusions Covid-19-related mortality markedly decreased during the study period, and a high score for CFS was related to a fatal outcome. Thorough planning of treatment intensity upon deterioration, low hospitalization rates, and good relief for those who died suggest that dedicated Covid-19 wards in nursing homes can provide good treatment for the patients and relieve other nursing homes and specialist health care services.

Published
2024
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25. Streptokinase reduces Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis biofilm formation

Author

Lea A. Tölken, Janine V. Neufend, Oddvar Oppegaard, Karen Methling, Kirsten Moll, Sylvio Redanz, Miriam M.D. Katsburg, Murtadha Q. Ali, Patience Shumba, Bernd Kreikemeyer, Steinar Skrede, Marcus Fulde, Anna Norrby-Teglund, Michael Lalk, Bård R. Kittang, and Nikolai Siemens

Subjects
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, Biofilm, Streptokinase, Necrotizing soft tissue infections, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Abstract Background Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) is increasingly recognized as an emerging cause of invasive diseases including necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs). In contrast to the closely related Streptococcus pyogenes, SDSE infections mainly affect older and comorbid patients. Biofilm formation has been demonstrated in soft tissue biopsies of S. pyogenes NSTI cases. Results Here, we show that bacterial aggregations indicative of biofilms are also present in SDSE NSTI. Although streptokinase (Ska) activity and biofilm formation did not correlate in a diverse set of clinical SDSE isolates, addition of exogenous Ska at an early time point prevented biofilm formation for selected strains. Deletion of ska in SDSE S118 strain resulted in increased biofilm forming capacity. Ska-deficient mutant strain was characterized by a higher metabolic activity and consequent metabolome profiling of biofilms identified higher deposition of a wide range of metabolites as compared to the wild-type. Conclusions Our results argue that Ska suppresses biofilm formation in SDSE independent of its original plasminogen converting activity. However, the impact of biofilms and its consequences for patient outcomes in streptococcal NSTIs remain to be elucidated.

Published
2024
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26. 'What if the patient has a severe reaction, and it is my fault?' A qualitative study exploring factors for sustainable implementation of penicillin allergy delabelling

Author

Marie Bjørbak Alnæs, Brita Skodvin, Jan Anker Jahnsen, Grete Kalleklev Velure, Oddvar Oppegaard, Bård Reiakvam Kittang, Torgeir Storaas, and Margrethe Aase Schaufel

Subjects
Penicillin allergy delabelling, Nurse, Doctor, Facilitators, Barriers, Focus group interview, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Penicillin allergy delabelling (PAD), the process of evaluating penicillin allergy labels, is a key target in antibiotic stewardship, but uptake of the procedure outside clinical studies is limited. We aimed to explore factors that need to be addressed to sustainably implement a clinical pathway for PAD. Methods We conducted a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with focus groups consisting of a purposive sample of twenty-five nurses and physicians working in four different hospitals in Western Norway. Systematic text condensation was applied for analysis. Results Psychological safety was reported as crucial for clinicians to perform PAD. A narrative of uncertainty and anticipated negative outcomes were negatively associated with PAD performance. Education, guidelines, and colleague- and leadership support could together create psychological safety and empower health personnel to perform PAD. Key factors for sustainable implementation of PAD were facilitating the informant’s profound motivation for providing optimal health care and for reducing antimicrobial resistance. Informants were motivated by the prospect of a simplified PAD procedure. We identified three main needs for implementation of PAD: (1) creating psychological safety; (2) utilising clinicians’ inherent motivation and (3) optimal organisational structures. Conclusion A planned implementation of PAD must acknowledge clinicians’ need for psychological safety and aid reassurance through training, leadership, and guidelines. To implement PAD as an everyday practice it must be minimally disruptive and provide a contextually adaptive logistic chain. Also, the clinician’s motivation for providing the best possible healthcare should be utilised to aid implementation. The results of this study will aid sustainable implementation of PAD in Norway. Ethics The study was approved by the Western Norway Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics (Study No:199210).

Published
2024
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27. Transfemoral hepatic vein access in double vein embolization – initial experience and feasibility

Author

Ulrik Carling, Sigurd Berger, Eyvind Gjønnæss, Bård Røsok, Sheraz Yaqub, Kristoffer Lassen, Åsmund Avdem Fretland, and Eric Dorenberg

Subjects
Double vein embolization, Liver augmentation, Liver hyperthrophy, Portal vein embolization, Post hepatectomy liver failure, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Hepatic vein embolization in double vein embolization (DVE) can be performed with transhepatic, transjugular or transfemoral access. This study evaluates the feasibility and technical success of using a transfemoral access for the hepatic vein embolization in patients undergoing preoperative to induce hypertrophy of the future liver remnant (FLR). Material and methods Retrospective analysis of single center cohort including 17 consecutive patients. The baseline standardized FLR was 18.2% (range 14.7–24.9). Portal vein embolization was performed with vascular plugs and glue through an ipsilateral transhepatic access. Hepatic vein embolization was performed using vascular plugs. Access for the hepatic vein was either transhepatic, transjugular or transfemoral. Technical success, number of hepatic veins embolized and complications were registered. In addition, volumetric data including degree of hypertrophy (DH) and kinetic growth rate (KGR), and resection data were registered. R: Seven of the 17 patients had transfemoral hepatic vein embolization, with 100% technical success. No severe complications were registered. In the whole cohort, the median number of hepatic veins embolized was 2 (1–6). DH was 8.6% (3.0–19.4) and KGR was 3.6%/week (1.4–7.4), without significant differences between the patients having transfemoral versus transhepatic /transjugular access (p = 0.48 and 0.54 respectively). Time from DVE to surgery was median 4.8 weeks (2.6–33.9) for the whole cohort, with one patient declining surgery, two having explorative laparotomy and one patient having change of surgical strategy due to insufficient growth. Conclusion Transfemoral access is a feasible option with a high degree of technical success for hepatic vein embolization in patients with small future liver remnants needing DVE.

Published
2024
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28. Epidemiological and microbial trends of infective endocarditis in western Norway: a 7-year prospective observational study

Author

Stina Jordal, Øyvind Kommedal, Rune Haaverstad, Sahrai Saeed, Einar Skulstad Davidsen, Pirjo-Riitta Salminen, Karl Ove Hufthammer, and Bård Reiakvam Kittang

Subjects
Infective endocarditis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Prosthetic material, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background In this prospective, observational study, we aimed to investigate epidemiologic and microbial trends of infective endocarditis in western Norway. Methods Clinical and microbiological characteristics of 497 cases of infective endocarditis from 2016 through 2022 were investigated. Categorical data were analysed using Chi-squared tests. Survival data were analysed using multiple Cox regression and reported using hazard ratios. Results The mean age was 67 years, and 74% were men. The annual incidence rates varied from 10.4 to 14.1 per 100,000 inhabitants per year. Infective endocarditis on native valves was observed in 257 (52%) of the cases, whereas infective endocarditis on prosthetic valves and/or cardiac implantable electronic devices was observed in 240 (48%) of the cases: infection on surgically implanted bioprostheses was observed in 124 (25%) of the patients, infection on transcatheter aortic valve implantation was observed in 47 (10%) patients, and infection on mechanical valves was observed in 34 (7%) cases. Infection related to cardiac implantable electronic devices was observed in a total of 50 (10%) cases. Staphylococcus aureus and viridans streptococci were the most common microbial causes, and isolated in 145 (29%) and 130 (26%) of the cases, respectively. Enterococcal endocarditis showed a rising trend during the study period and constituted 90 (18%) of our total cases of infective endocarditis, and 67%, 47%, and 26% of the cases associated with prosthetic material, transcatheter aortic valve implantation and cardiac implantable electronic devices, respectively. There was no significant difference in 90-day mortality rates between the native valve endocarditis group (12%) and the group with infective endocarditis on prosthetic valves or cardiac implants (14%), p = 0.522. In a model with gender, age, people who inject drugs, microbiology and type of valve affected, only advanced age was significantly associated with fatal outcome within 90 days. Conclusions The incidence of infective endocarditis, and particularly enterococcal endocarditis, increased during the study period. Enterococci appeared to have a particular affinity for prosthetic cardiac material. Advanced age was the only independent risk factor for death within 90 days.

Published
2024
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29. Design and initial performance of the Askaryan Radio Array prototype EeV neutrino detector at the South Pole

Author

Allison, P., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J.J., Besson, D.Z., Böser, S., Chen, C., Chen, P., Connolly, A., Davies, J., DuVernois, M., Fox, B., Gorham, P.W., Grashorn, E.W., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Helbing, K., Hill, B., Hoffman, K.D., Hong, E., Huang, M., Huang, M.H.A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kennedy, D., Landsman, H., Liu, T.C., Macchiarulo, L., Mase, K., Meures, T., Meyhandan, R., Miki, C., Morse, R., Newcomb, M., Nichol, R.J., Ratzlaff, K., Richman, M., Ritter, L., Rott, C., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Touart, J., Varner, G.S., Wang, M.-Z., Weaver, C., Wendorff, A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Published
2012
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34. Federal University-Laboratory

Author

Shellabarger, Claire J., Platt, William J., Fain, John N., Bard, R. C., and Weinberg, Alvin M.

Published
1962

38. Areas of consensus on unwarranted and warranted transfers between nursing homes and emergency care facilities in Norway: a Delphi study

Author

Arne Bastian Wiik, Malcolm Bray Doupe, Marit Stordal Bakken, Bård Reiakvam Kittang, Frode Fadnes Jacobsen, and Oddvar Førland

Subjects
Delphi study, Emergency care, Nursing home, Patient Transfer, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Transferring residents from nursing homes (NHs) to emergency care facilities (ECFs) is often questioned as many are terminally ill and have access to onsite care. While some NH to ECF transfers have merit, avoiding other transfers may benefit residents and reduce healthcare system costs and provider burden. Despite many years of research in this area, differentiating warranted (i.e., appropriate) from unwarranted NH to ECF transfers remains challenging. In this article, we report consensus on warranted and unwarranted NH to ECF transfers scenarios. Methods A Delphi study was used to identify consensus regarding warranted and unwarranted NH to ECF transfers. Delphi participants included nurses (RNs) and medical doctors (MDs) from NHs, out-of-hours primary care clinics (OOHs), and hospital-based emergency departments. A list of 12 scenarios and 11 medical conditions was generated from the existing literature on causes and medical conditions leading to transfers, and pilot tested and refined prior to conducting the study. Three Delphi rounds were conducted, and data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics. Results Seventy-nine experts consented to participate, of whom 56 (71%) completed all three Delphi rounds. Participants reached high or very high consensus on when to not transfer residents, except for scenarios regarding delirium, where only moderate consensus was attained. Conversely, except when pain relieving surgery was required, participants reached low agreement on scenarios depicting warranted NH to ECF transfers. Consensus opinions differ significantly between health professionals, participant gender, and rurality, for seven of the 23 transfer scenarios and medical conditions. Conclusions Transfers from nursing homes to emergency care facilities can be defined as warranted, discretionary, and unwarranted. These categories are based on the areas of consensus found in this Delphi study and are intended to operationalize the terms warranted and unwarranted transfers between nursing homes and emergency care facilities.

Published
2024
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39. The CMS barrel calorimeter response to particle beams from 2 to 350 GeV/c

Author

Abdullin, S., Abramov, V., Acharya, B., Adam, N., Adams, M., Adzic, P., Akchurin, N., Akgun, U., Albayrak, E., Alemany-Fernandez, R., Almeida, N., Anagnostou, G., Andelin, D., Anderson, E. W., Anfreville, M., Anicin, I., Antchev, G., Antunovic, Z., Arcidiacono, R., Arenton, M. W., Auffray, E., Argiro, S., Askew, A., Atramentov, O., Ayan, S., Arcidy, M., Aydin, S., Aziz, T., Baarmand, M., Babich, K., Baccaro, S., Baden, D., Baffioni, S., Bakirci, M. N., Balazs, M., Banerjee, Sud., Banerjee, Sun., Bard, R., Barge, D., Barnes, V., Barney, D., Barone, L., Bartoloni, A., Baty, C., Bawa, H., Baiatian, G., Bandurin, D., Beauceron, S., Bell, K. W., Bencze, G., Benetta, R., Bercher, M., Beri, S., Bernet, C., Berntzon, L., Berthon, U., Besancon, M., Betev, B., Beuselinck, R., Bhatnagar, V., Bhatti, A., Biino, C., Blaha, J., Bloch, P., Blyth, S., Bodek, A., Bornheim, A., Bose, S., Bose, T., Bourotte, J., Brett, A. M., Brown, R. M., Britton, D., Budd, H., Buehler, M., Burchesky, K., Busson, P., Camanzi, B., Camporesi, T., Cankoçak, K., Carrell, K., Carrera, E., Cartiglia, N., Cavallari, F., Cerci, S., Cerutti, M., Chang, P., Chang, Y. H., Charlot, C., Chen, E. A., Chen, W. T., Chen, Z., Chendvankar, S., Chipaux, R., Choudhary, B. C., Choudhury, R. K., Chung, Y., Clarida, W., Cockerill, D. J. A., Combaret, C., Conetti, S., Cossutti, F., Cox, B., Cremaldi, L., Cushman, P., Cussans, D. G., Dafinei, I., Damgov, J., Da Silva Di Calafiori, D. R., Daskalakis, G., Davatz, G., David, A., de Barbaro, P., Debbins, P., Deiters, K., Dejardin, M., Djordjevic, M., Deliomeroglu, M., Della Negra, R., Della Ricca, G., Del Re, D., Demianov, A., De Min, A., Denegri, D., Depasse, P., de Visser, T., Descamps, J., Deshpande, P. V., Diaz, J., Diemoz, M., Di Marco, E., Dimitrov, L., Dissertori, G., Dittmar, M., Djambazov, L., Dobrzynski, L., Drndarevic, S., Duboscq, J. E., Dugad, S., Dumanoglu, I., Duru, F., Dutta, D., Dzelalija, M., Efthymiopoulos, I., Elias, J., Elliott-Peisert, A., El Mamouni, H., Elvira, D., Emeliantchik, I., Eno, S., Ershov, A., Erturk, S., Esen, S., Eskut, E., Evangelou, I., Evans, D. L., Fabbro, B., Faure, J. L., Fay, J., Fenyvesi, A., Ferri, F., Fisher, W., Flower, P. S., Franci, D., Franzoni, G., Freeman, J., Freudenreich, K., Funk, W., Ganjour, S., Gargiulo, C., Gascon, S., Gataullin, M., Gaultney, V., Gamsizkan, H., Gavrilov, V., Geerebaert, Y., Genchev, V., Gentit, F. X., Gerbaudo, D., Gershtein, Y., Ghezzi, A., Ghodgaonkar, M. D., Gilly, J., Givernaud, A., Gleyzer, S., Gninenko, S., Go, A., Gobbo, B., Godinovic, N., Golubev, N., Golutvin, I., Goncharov, P., Gong, D., Govoni, P., Grant, N., Gras, P., Grassi, T., Green, D., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gribushin, A., Grinev, B., Guevara Riveros, L., Guillaud, J. P., Gurtu, A., Murat Güler, A., Gülmez, E., Gümüş, K., Haelen, T., Hagopian, S., Hagopian, V., Haguenauer, M., Halyo, V., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Hansen, M., Hashemi, M., Hauptman, J., Hazen, E., Heath, H. F., Heering, A., Heister, A., Heltsley, B., Hill, J. A., Hintz, W., Hirosky, R., Hobson, P. R., Honma, A., Hou, G. W. S., Hsiung, Y., Hunt, A., Husejko, M., Ille, B., Ilyina, N., Imlay, R., Ingram, D., Ingram, Q., Isiksal, E., Jarry, P., Jarvis, C., Jeong, C., Jessop, C., Johnson, K., Jones, J., Jovanovic, D., Kaadze, K., Kachanov, V., Kaftanov, V., Kailas, S., Kalagin, V., Kalinin, A., Kalmani, S., Karmgard, D., Kataria, S. K., Kaur, M., Kaya, M., Kaya, O., Kayis-Topaksu, A., Kellogg, R., Kennedy, B. W., Khmelnikov, A., Kim, H., Kisselevich, I., Kloukinas, K., Kodolova, O., Kohli, J., Kokkas, P., Kolberg, T., Kolossov, V., Korablev, A., Korneev, Y., Kosarev, I., Kramer, L., Krasnikov, N., Krinitsyn, A., Krokhotin, A., Krpic, D., Kryshkin, V., Kubota, Y., Kubik, A., Kuleshov, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kunori, S., Kuo, C. M., Kurt, P., Kyberd, P., Kyriakis, A., Laasanen, A., Ladygin, V., Laird, E., Landsberg, G., Laszlo, A., Lawlor, C., Lazic, D., Lebeau, M., Lecomte, P., Lecoq, P., Ledovskoy, A., Lee, S.-W., Leshev, G., Lethuillier, M., Levchuk, L., Lin, S. W., Lin, W., Linn, S., Lintern, A. L., Litvine, V., Litvintsev, D., Litov, L., Lobolo, L., Locci, E., Lodge, A. B., Longo, E., Loukas, D., Los, S., Lubinsky, V., Luckey, P. D., Lukanin, V., Lustermann, W., Lynch, C., Ma, Y., Machado, E., Mahlke-Krueger, H., Maity, M., Majumder, G., Malberti, M., Malclès, J., Maletic, D., Mandjavidze, I., Mans, J., Manthos, N., Maravin, Y., Marchica, C., Marinelli, N., Markou, A., Markou, C., Marlow, D., Markowitz, P., Marone, M., Martinez, G., Mathez, H., Matveev, V., Mavrommatis, C., Maurelli, G., Mazumdar, K., Meridiani, P., Merlo, J. P., Mermerkaya, H., Mescheryakov, G., Mestvirishvili, A., Mikhailin, V., Milenovic, P., Miller, M., Milleret, G., Miné, P., Moeller, A., Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M., Mohanty, A. K., Moissenz, P., Mondal, N., Moortgat, F., Mossolov, V., Mur, M., Musella, P., Musienko, Y., Nagaraj, P., Nardulli, A., Nash, J., Nedelec, P., Negri, P., Newman, H. B., Nikitenko, A., Norbeck, E., Nessi-Tedaldi, F., Obertino, M. M., Olson, J., Onel, Y., Onengut, G., Organtini, G., Orimoto, T., Ozkan, C., Ozkurt, H., Ozkorucuklu, S., Ozok, F., Paganoni, M., Paganini, P., Paktinat, S., Pal, A., Palma, A., Panev, B., Pant, L., Papadakis, A., Papadakis, I., Papadopoulos, I., Paramatti, R., Parracho, P., Pastrone, N., Patil, M., Patterson, J. R., Pauss, F., Penzo, A., Petrakou, E., Petrushanko, S., Petrosyan, A., Phillips, II, D. G., Pikalov, V., Piperov, S., Piroué, P., Podrasky, V., Polatoz, A., Pompos, A., Popescu, S., Posch, C., Pozdnyakov, A., Ptochos, F., Puljak, I., Pullia, A., Punz, T., Puzovic, J., Qian, W., Ragazzi, S., Rahatlou, S., Ralich, R. M., Rande, J., Razis, P. A., Redaelli, N., Reddy, L., Reidy, J., Renker, D., Reucroft, S., Reymond, J. M., Ribeiro, P., Roeser, U., Rogalev, E., Rogan, C., Roh, Y., Rohlf, J., Romanteau, T., Rondeaux, F., Ronquest, M., Ronzhin, A., Rosowsky, A., Rovelli, C., Ruchti, R., Rumerio, P., Rusack, R., Rusakov, S. V., Ryan, M. J., Ryazanov, A., Safronov, G., Sala, L., Salerno, R., Sanders, D. A., Santanastasio, F., Sanzeni, C., Sarycheva, L., Satyanarayana, B., Schinzel, D., Schmidt, I., Seez, C., Sekmen, S., Semenov, S., Senchishin, V., Sergeyev, S., Serin, M., Sever, R., Sharp, P., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H., Siamitros, C., Sillou, D., Singh, J. B., Singovsky, A., Sirois, Y., Sirunyan, A., Silva, J., Silva, P., Skuja, A., Sharma, S., Sherwood, B., Shiu, J. G., Shivpuri, R. K., Shukla, P., Shumeiko, N., Smirnov, V., Smith, B. J., Smith, V. J., Sogut, K., Sonmez, N., Sorokin, P., Spezziga, M., Sproston, M., Stefanovich, R., Stöckli, F., Stolin, V., Sudhakar, K., Sulak, L., Suter, H., Suzuki, I., Swain, J., Tabarelli de Fatis, T., Talov, V., Takahashi, M., Tcheremoukhine, A., Teller, O., Teplov, K., Theofilatos, K., Thiebaux, C., Thomas, R., Timciuc, V., Timlin, C., Titov, M., Tobias, A., Tonwar, S., Topakli, H., Topkar, A., Triantis, F. A., Troshin, S., Tully, C., Turchanovich, L., Tyurin, N., Ueno, K., Ulyanov, A., Uzunian, A., Vanini, A., Vankov, I., Vardanyan, I., Varela, F., Varela, J., Vasil’ev, A., Velasco, M., Vergili, M., Verma, P., Verrecchia, P., Vesztergombi, G., Veverka, J., Vichoudis, P., Vidal, R., Virdee, T., Vishnevskiy, A., Vlassov, E., Vodopiyanov, I., Volobouev, I., Volkov, A., Volodko, A., Von Gunten, H. P., Wang, L., Wang, M., Wardrope, D., Weber, M., Weng, J., Werner, J., Wetstein, M., Winn, D., Wigmans, R., Williams, J. H., Whitmore, J., Won, S., Wu, S. X., Yang, Y., Yaselli, I., Yazgan, E., Yetkin, T., Yohay, R., Zabi, A., Zalan, P., Zamiatin, N., Zarubin, A., Zelepoukine, S., Zeyrek, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, R. Y., and CMS HCAL/ECAL Collaborations

Published
2009
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40. Design, performance, and calibration of the CMS hadron-outer calorimeter

Author

Abdullin, S., Abramov, V., Acharya, B., Adam, N., Adams, M., Akchurin, N., Akgun, U., Albayrak, E., Anderson, E. W., Antchev, G., Arcidy, M., Ayan, S., Aydin, S., Aziz, T., Baarmand, M., Babich, K., Baden, D., Bakirci, M. N., Banerjee, Sudeshna, Banerjee, Sunanda, Bard, R., Barnes, V., Bawa, H., Baiatian, G., Bencze, G., Beri, S., Berntzon, L., Bhandari, V., Bhatnagar, V., Bhatti, A., Bodek, A., Bose, S., Bose, T., Budd, H., Burchesky, K., Camporesi, T., Cankoçak, K., Carrell, K., Cerci, S., Chendvankar, S., Chung, Y., Clarida, W., Cremaldi, L., Cushman, P., Damgov, J., de Barbaro, P., Debbins, P., Deliomeroglu, M., Demianov, A., de Visser, T., Deshpande, P. V., Diaz, J., Dimitrov, L., Dugad, S., Dumanoglu, I., Duru, F., Efthymiopoulos, I., Elias, J., Elvira, D., Emeliantchik, I., Eno, S., Ershov, A., Erturk, S., Esen, S., Eskut, E., Fenyvesi, A., Fisher, W., Freeman, J., Ganguli, S. N., Gaultney, V., Gamsizkan, H., Gavrilov, V., Genchev, V., Gleyzer, S., Golutvin, I., Goncharov, P., Grassi, T., Green, D., Gribushin, A., Grinev, B., Guchait, M., Gurtu, A., Murat Güler, A., Gülmez, E., Gümüş, K., Haelen, T., Hagopian, S., Hagopian, V., Halyo, V., Hashemi, M., Hauptman, J., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Heister, A., Hunt, A., Ilyina, N., Ingram, D., Isiksal, E., Jarvis, C., Jeong, C., Johnson, K., Jones, J., Kaftanov, V., Kalagin, V., Kalinin, A., Kalmani, S., Karmgard, D., Kaur, M., Kaya, M., Kaya, O., Kayis-Topaksu, A., Kellogg, R., Khmelnikov, A., Kim, H., Kisselevich, I., Kodolova, O., Kohli, J., Kolossov, V., Korablev, A., Korneev, Y., Kosarev, I., Kramer, L., Krinitsyn, A., Krishnaswamy, M. R., Krokhotin, A., Kryshkin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kumar, A., Kunori, S., Laasanen, A., Ladygin, V., Laird, E., Landsberg, G., Laszlo, A., Lawlor, C., Lazic, D., Lee, S. W., Levchuk, L., Linn, S., Litvintsev, D., Lobolo, L., Los, S., Lubinsky, V., Lukanin, V., Ma, Y., Machado, E., Maity, M., Majumder, G., Mans, J., Marlow, D., Markowitz, P., Martinez, G., Mazumdar, K., Merlo, J. P., Mermerkaya, H., Mescheryakov, G., Mestvirishvili, A., Miller, M., Moeller, A., Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M., Moissenz, P., Mondal, N., Mossolov, V., Nagaraj, P., Narasimham, V. S., Norbeck, E., Olson, J., Onel, Y., Onengut, G., Ozkan, C., Ozkurt, H., Ozkorucuklu, S., Ozok, F., Paktinat, S., Pal, A., Patil, M., Penzo, A., Petrushanko, S., Petrosyan, A., Pikalov, V., Piperov, S., Podrasky, V., Polatoz, A., Pompos, A., Popescu, S., Posch, C., Pozdnyakov, A., Qian, W., Ralich, R. M., Reddy, L., Reidy, J., Rogalev, E., Roh, Y., Rohlf, J., Ronzhin, A., Ruchti, R., Ryazanov, A., Safronov, G., Sanders, D. A., Sanzeni, C., Sarycheva, L., Satyanarayana, B., Schmidt, I., Sekmen, S., Semenov, S., Senchishin, V., Sergeyev, S., Serin, M., Sever, R., Singh, B., Singh, J. B., Sirunyan, A., Skuja, A., Sharma, S., Sherwood, B., Shumeiko, N., Smirnov, V., Sogut, K., Sonmez, N., Sorokin, P., Spezziga, M., Stefanovich, R., Stolin, V., Sudhakar, K., Sulak, L., Suzuki, I., Talov, V., Teplov, K., Thomas, R., Tonwar, S., Topakli, H., Tully, C., Turchanovich, L., Ulyanov, A., Vanini, A., Vankov, I., Vardanyan, I., Varela, F., Vergili, M., Verma, P., Vesztergombi, G., Vidal, R., Vishnevskiy, A., Vlassov, E., Vodopiyanov, I., Volobouev, I., Volkov, A., Volodko, A., Wang, L., Werner, J., Wetstein, M., Winn, D., Wigmans, R., Whitmore, J., Wu, S. X., Yazgan, E., Yetkin, T., Zalan, P., Zarubin, A., Zeyrek, M., and CMS HCAL Collaborations

Published
2008
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41. Design, performance, and calibration of CMS hadron-barrel calorimeter wedges

Author

Abdullin, S., Abramov, V., Acharya, B., Adams, M., Akchurin, N., Akgun, U., Anderson, E.W., Antchev, G., Ayan, S., Aydin, S., Baarmand, M., Baden, D., Banerjee, Sud., Banerjee, Sun., Bard, R., Barnes, V., Bawa, H., Baiatian, G., Bencze, G., Beri, S., Bhatnagar, V., Bodek, A., Budd, H., Burchesky, K., Camporesi, T., Cankoçak, K., Carrell, K., Chendvankar, S., Chung, Y., Cremaldi, L., Cushman, P., Damgov, J., de Barbaro, P., Demianov, A., de Visser, T., Dimitrov, L., Dugad, S., Dumanoglu, I., Duru, F., Elias, J., Elvira, D., Emeliantchik, I., Eno, S., Ershov, A., Eskut, E., Fisher, W., Freeman, J., Gavrilov, V., Genchev, V., Gershtein, Y., Golutvin, I., Goncharov, P., Grassi, T., Green, D., Gribushin, A., Grinev, B., Gülmez, E., Gümüş, K., Haelen, T., Hagopian, S., Hagopian, V., Hauptman, J., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Imboden, M., Isiksal, E., Jarvis, C., Johnson, K., Kaftanov, V., Kalagin, V., Karmgard, D., Kalmani, S., Katta, S., Kaur, M., Kaya, M., Kayis-Topaksu, A., Kellogg, R., Khmelnikov, A., Kisselevich, I., Kodolova, O., Kohli, J., Kolossov, V., Korablev, A., Korneev, Y., Kosarev, I., Krinitsyn, A., Krokhotin, A., Kryshkin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kumar, A., Kunori, S., Polatoz, A., Laasanen, A., Lawlor, C., Lazic, D., Levchuk, L., Litvintsev, D., Litov, L., Los, S., Lubinsky, V., Lukanin, V., Machado, E., Mans, J., Massolov, V., Mazumdar, K., Merlo, J.P., Mescheryakov, G., Mestvirishvili, A., Miller, M., Mondal, N., Nagaraj, P., Norbeck, E., O’Dell, V., Olson, J., Onel, Y., Onengut, G., Ozdes-Koca, N., Ozkorucuklu, S., Ozok, F., Paktinat, S., Patil, M., Petrushanko, S., Pikalov, V., Piperov, S., Podrasky, V., Pompos, A., Posch, C., Qian, W., Ralich, R., Reddy, L., Reidy, J., Ruchti, R., Rohlf, J., Ronzhin, A., Ryazanov, A., Sanders, D.A., Sanzeni, C., Sarycheva, L., Satyanarayana, B., Schmidt, I., Senchishin, V., Sergeyev, S., Serin-Zeyrek, M., Sever, R., Singh, J., Sirunyan, A., Skuja, A., Sherwood, B., Shumeiko, N., Smirnov, V., Sorokin, P., Stefanovich, R., Stolin, V., Sudhakar, K., Suzuki, I., Talov, V., Thomas, R., Tully, C., Turchanovich, L., Ulyanov, A., Vankov, I., Vardanyan, I., Verma, P., Vesztergombi, G., Vidal, R., Vlassov, E., Vodopiyanov, I., Volkov, A., Volodko, A., Winn, D., Whitmore, J., Wu, S.X., Zalan, P., Zarubin, A., Zeyrek, M., and The CMS-HCAL Collaboration

Published
2008
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42. Design, performance, and calibration of CMS forward calorimeter wedges

Author

Abdullin, S., Abramov, V., Acharya, B., Adams, M., Akchurin, N., Akgun, U., Anderson, E.W., Antchev, G., Arcidy, M., Ayan, S., Aydin, S., Baarmand, M., Babich, K., Baden, D., Bakirci, M.N., Banerjee, Sud., Banerjee, Sun., Bard, R., Barnes, V., Bawa, H., Baiatian, G., Bencze, G., Beri, S., Bhatnagar, V., Bodek, A., Budd, H., Burchesky, K., Camporesi, T., Cankoçak, K., Carrell, K., Cerci, S., Chendvankar, S., Chung, Y., Cremaldi, L., Cushman, P., Damgov, J., de Barbaro, P., Deliomeroglu, M., Demianov, A., de Visser, T., Dimitrov, L., Dindar, K., Dugad, S., Dumanoglu, I., Duru, F., Elias, J., Elvira, D., Emeliantchik, I., Eno, S., Eskut, E., Fenyvesi, A., Fisher, W., Freeman, J., Gamsizkan, H., Gavrilov, V., Genchev, V., Gershtein, Y., Golutvin, I., Goncharov, P., Grassi, T., Green, D., Gribushin, A., Grinev, B., Gülmez, E., Gümüş, K., Haelen, T., Hagopian, S., Hagopian, V., Hashemi, M., Hauptman, J., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Ilyina, N., Isiksal, E., Jarvis, C., Johnson, K., Kaftanov, V., Kalagin, V., Kalinin, A., Karmgard, D., Kalmani, S., Katta, S., Kaur, M., Kaya, M., Kayis-Topaksu, A., Kellogg, R., Khmelnikov, A., Kim, H., Kisselevich, I., Kodolova, O., Kohli, J., Kolossov, V., Korablev, A., Korneev, Y., Kosarev, I., Koylu, S., Kramer, L., Krinitsyn, A., Krokhotin, A., Kryshkin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kumar, A., Kunori, S., Kurt, P., Kuzucu-Polatoz, A., Laasanen, A., Ladygin, V., Laszlo, A., Lawlor, C., Lazic, D., Levchuk, L., Linn, S., Litvintsev, D., Litov, L., Los, S., Lubinsky, V., Lukanin, V., Ma, Y., Machado, E., Mans, J., Markowitz, P., Massolov, V., Martinez, G., Mazumdar, K., Merlo, J.P., Mermerkaya, H., Mescheryakov, G., Mestvirishvili, A., Miller, M., Mohammadi-Najafabadi, M., Moissenz, P., Mondal, N., Nagaraj, P., Norbeck, E., Olson, J., Onel, Y., Onengut, G., Ozdes-Koca, N., Ozkan, C., Ozkurt, H., Ozkorucuklu, S., Paktinat, S., Pal, A., Patil, M., Penzo, A., Petrushanko, S., Petrosyan, A., Pikalov, V., Piperov, S., Podrasky, V., Pompos, A., Posch, C., Qiang, W., Reddy, L., Reidy, J., Ruchti, R., Rogalev, E., Rohlf, J., Ronzhin, A., Ryazanov, A., Safronov, G., Sanders, D.A., Sanzeni, C., Sarycheva, L., Satyanarayana, B., Schmidt, I., Sekmen, S., Semenov, S., Senchishin, V., Sergeyev, S., Serin-Zeyrek, M., Sever, R., Singh, J., Sirunyan, A., Skuja, A., Sharma, S., Sherwood, B., Shumeiko, N., Smirnov, V., Sogut, K., Sorokin, P., Spezziga, M., Stefanovich, R., Stolin, V., Sulak, L., Suzuki, I., Talov, V., Teplov, K., Thomas, R., Topakli, H., Tully, C., Turchanovich, L., Ulyanov, A., Vankov, I., Vardanyan, I., Varela, F., Vergili, M., Verma, P., Vesztergombi, G., Vidal, R., Vishnevskiy, A., Vlassov, E., Vodopiyanov, I., Volkov, A., Volodko, A., Wang, L., Wetstein, M., Winn, D., Wigmans, R., Whitmore, J., Wu, S.X., Yazgan, E., Yershov, A., Yetkin, T., Zalan, P., Zarubin, A., Zeyrek, M., and The CMS-HCAL Collaboration

Published
2008
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44. Antimicrobial resistance patterns in Streptococcus dysgalactiae in a One Health perspective

Author

Marte Glambek, Steinar Skrede, Audun Sivertsen, Bård Reiakvam Kittang, Alba Kaci, Christine Monceyron Jonassen, Hannah Joan Jørgensen, Norwegian Study Group on Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Oddvar Oppegaard

Subjects
Streptococcus dysgalactiae, antibiotic resistance, One Health, whole genomic sequencing, horizontal genetic transfer, animal, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

BackgroundStreptococcus dysgalactiae (SD) is an important pathogen in humans as well as in a broad range of animal species. Escalating rates of antibiotic resistance in SD has been reported in both human and veterinary clinical practice, but the dissemination of resistance determinants has so far never been examined in a One Health Perspective. We wanted to explore the occurrence of zoonotic transmission of SD and the potential for exchange of resistance traits between SD from different host populations.MethodsWe compared whole genome sequences and phenotypical antimicrobial susceptibility of 407 SD isolates, comprising all isolates obtained from human bloodstream infections in 2018 (n = 274) and available isolates associated with animal infections from the years 2018 and 2019 (n = 133) in Norway.ResultsAntimicrobial resistance genes were detected in 70 (26%), 9 (25%) and 2 (2%) of the isolates derived from humans, companion animals and livestock, respectively. Notably, distinct host associated genotypic resistomes were observed. The erm(A) gene was the dominant cause of erythromycin resistance in human associated isolates, whereas only erm(B) and lsa(C) were identified in SD isolates from animals. Moreover, the tetracycline resistance gene tet(O) was located on different mobile genetic elements in SD from humans and animals. Evidence of niche specialization was also evident in the phylogenetic analysis, as the isolates could be almost perfectly delineated in accordance with host species. Nevertheless, near identical mobile genetic elements were observed in four isolates from different host species including one human, implying potential transmission of antibiotic resistance between different environments.ConclusionWe found a phylogenetic delineation of SD strains in line with host adapted populations and niche specialization. Direct transmission of strains or genetic elements carrying resistance genes between SD from different ecological niches appears to be rare in our geographical region.

Published
2024
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45. Discontinuation of imatinib in patients with oligometastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour who are in complete radiological remission: a prospective multicentre phase II study

Author

Ivar Hompland, KJetil Boye, Anne Marit Wiedswang, Andri Papakonstantinou, Bård Røsok, Heikki Joensuu, and Øyvind Bruland

Subjects
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour, GIST, imatinib, Oligometastatic disease, Survival, Quality of Life, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Introduction: Metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is considered incurable, and life-long treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is recommended. We investigated whether selected patients with metastatic GIST may remain in durable remission despite imatinib discontinuation. Patients: In this 1-group, prospective, multicentre phase II trial selected patients with oligometastatic (≤3 metastases) GIST discontinued imatinib treatment. Eligible patients had been treated with imatinib >5 years without progression and had no radiologically detectable metastases after metastasectomy, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or complete response to imatinib. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) 3-years after stopping imatinib. Overall survival (OS) and quality of life (QoL) were secondary endpoints. Results: The trial closed prematurely due to slow accrual. Between January 5, 2017, and June 5, 2019, 13 patients were enrolled, of whom 12 discontinued imatinib. The median follow-up time was 55 months (range, 36 to 69) after study entry. Five (42%) of the 12 eligible patients remained progression free, and seven (58%) progressed with a median time to progression 10 months. Median PFS was 23 months and the estimated 3-year PFS 41%. Six of the seven patients who progressed restarted imatinib, and all six responded. Three-year OS was 100%, and all patients were alive at the time of the study analysis. QoL measured 5 and 11 months after discontinuation of imatinib demonstrated improvement compared to the baseline. Interpretation: A substantial proportion of selected patients with oligometastatic GIST treated with imatinib and metastasis surgery/RFA may remain disease-free for ≥3 years with improved QoL after stopping of imatinib.

Published
2024
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46. Pancreatic duct occlusion with polychloroprene-based glue for the management of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy—an outdated approach?

Author

Sheraz Yaqub, Bård Røsok, Ivar Prydz Gladhaug, and Knut Jørgen Labori

Subjects
duct occlusion, postoperative pancreatic fistula, pancreatoduodenectomy, pancreatic surgery, reoperation, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

BackgroundManaging postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) presents a formidable challenge after pancreatoduodenectomy. Some centers consider pancreatic duct occlusion (PDO) in reoperations following pancreatoduodenectomy as a pancreas-preserving procedure, aiming to control a severe POPF. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of employing PDO for the management of the pancreatic stump during relaparotomy for POPF subsequent to pancreatoduodenectomy.MethodsRetrospective review of consecutive patients at Oslo University Hospital undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy and PDO during relaparotomy. Pancreatic stump management during relaparotomy consisted of occlusion of the main pancreatic duct with polychloroprene Faxan-Latex, after resecting the dehiscent jejunal loop previously constituting the pancreaticojejunostomy.ResultsBetween July 2005 and September 2015, 826 pancreatoduodenectomies were performed. Overall reoperation rate was 13.2% (n = 109). POPF grade B/C developed in 113 (13.7%) patients. PDO during relaparotomy was performed in 17 (2.1%) patients, whereas completion pancreatectomy was performed in 22 (2.7%) patients. Thirteen (76%) of the 17 patients had a persistent POPF after PDO, and the time from PDO until removal of the last abdominal drain was median 35 days. Of the PDO patients, 13 (76%) patients required further drainage procedures (n = 12) or an additional reoperation (n = 1). In-hospital mortality occurred in one patient (5.9%). Five (29%) patients developed new-onset diabetes mellitus, and 16 (94%) patients acquired exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.ConclusionsPDO is a safe and feasible approach for managing severe POPF during reoperation following pancreatoduodenectomy. A significant proportion of patients experience persistent POPF post-procedure, necessitating supplementary drainage interventions. The findings suggest that it is advisable to explore alternative pancreas-preserving methods before opting for PDO in the management of POPF subsequent to pancreatoduodenectomy.

Published
2024
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48. Reservist Reaction

Author

Bard, R. C., Tassinari, S. J., Mirarchi, Anthony O., Geiser, S. W., and Wilber, Charles G.

Published
1952

49. Radioactive source calibration technique for the CMS hadron calorimeter

Author

Hazen, E, Lawlor, C, Rohlf, J.W, Wu, S.X, Baumbaugh, A, Elias, J.E, Freeman, J, Green, D, Lazic, D, Los, S, Ronzhin, A, Sergueev, S, Shaw, T, Vidal, R, Whitmore, J, Zimmerman, T, Adams, M, Burchesky, K, Qian, W, Baden, A, Bard, R, Breden, H, Grassi, T, Skuja, A, Fisher, W, Mans, J, Tully, C, Barnes, V, Laasanen, A, de Barbaro, P, and Budd, H

Published
2003
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