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1. The Diffuse Ionized Gas of the Large Magellanic Cloud

Author

Smart, B. M., Haffner, L. M., Barger, K. A., Ciampa, D. A., Hill, A. S., Krishnarao, D., and Madsen, G. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has an extensive H$_{\alpha}$ emission halo that traces an extended, warm ionized component of its interstellar medium. Using the Wisconsin H$_{\alpha}$ Mapper (WHAM) telescope, we present the first kinematic \ha\ survey of an extensive region around the LMC, from $l,b = (264\deg .5,\,-45\deg .5)$ to $(295\deg .5,\,-19\deg .5)$, covering $+150\leq v_{lsr} \leq +390~ km s^{-1}$. We find that ionized hydrogen exists throughout the galaxy and extends several degrees beyond detected neutral hydrogen emission $(\log{\left(N_{\rm H_{~I}/\rm cm^{-2}}\right)\approx18.3})$ as traced by 21-cm in current surveys. Using the column density structure of the neutral gas and stellar line-of-sight depths as a guide, we estimate the upper limit mass of the ionized component of the LMC to be roughly $M_\mathrm{ionized}\approx (0.6-1.8)\times 10^{9}\,\mathrm{M}_{sun}$, which is comparable to the total neutral atomic gas mass in the same region ($M_\mathrm{neutral}\approx0.75-0.85\times10^{9}\,\mathrm{M}_{sun}$). Considering only the atomic phases, we find $M_\mathrm{ionized}/M_\mathrm{ionized+neutral}$, to be 46\%--68\% throughout the LMC and its extended halo. Additionally, we find an ionized gas cloud that extends off of the LMC at $l,b \approx (285\deg, -28\deg)$ into a region previously identified as the Leading Arm complex. This gas is moving at a similar line-of-sight velocity as the LMC and has $M_\mathrm{ionized}/M_\mathrm{ionized+neutral} =$ 13\%--51\%. This study, combined with previous studies of the SMC and extended structures of the Magellanic Clouds, continues to suggest that warm, ionized gas is as massive and dynamically-important as the neutral gas in the Magellanic System.$, Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables

Published
2023
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3. The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

Author

Ahumada, R, Prieto, CA, Almeida, A, Anders, F, Anderson, SF, Andrews, BH, Anguiano, B, Arcodia, R, Armengaud, E, Aubert, M, Avila, S, Avila-Reese, V, Badenes, C, Balland, C, Barger, K, Barrera-Ballesteros, JK, Basu, S, Bautista, J, Beaton, RL, Beers, TC, Benavides, BIT, Bender, CF, Bernardi, M, Bershady, M, Beutler, F, Bidin, CM, Bird, J, Bizyaev, D, Blanc, GA, Blanton, MR, Boquien, M, Borissova, J, Bovy, J, Brandt, WN, Brinkmann, J, Brownstein, JR, Bundy, K, Bureau, M, Burgasser, A, Burtin, E, Cano-Díaz, M, Capasso, R, Cappellari, M, Carrera, R, Chabanier, S, Chaplin, W, Chapman, M, Cherinka, B, Chiappini, C, Doohyun Choi, P, Chojnowski, SD, Chung, H, Clerc, N, Coffey, D, Comerford, JM, Comparat, J, Da Costa, L, Cousinou, MC, Covey, K, Crane, JD, Cunha, K, Ilha, GDS, Dai, YS, Damsted, SB, Darling, J, Davidson, JW, Davies, R, Dawson, K, De, N, De La Macorra, A, De Lee, N, Queiroz, ABDA, Deconto Machado, A, De La Torre, S, Dell'Agli, F, Du Mas Des Bourboux, H, Diamond-Stanic, AM, Dillon, S, Donor, J, Drory, N, Duckworth, C, Dwelly, T, Ebelke, G, Eftekharzadeh, S, Davis Eigenbrot, A, Elsworth, YP, Eracleous, M, Erfanianfar, G, Escoffier, S, Fan, X, Farr, E, Fernández-Trincado, JG, Feuillet, D, Finoguenov, A, Fofie, P, Fraser-Mckelvie, A, Frinchaboy, PM, Fromenteau, S, Fu, H, and Galbany, L

Subjects
astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17).

Published
2020

4. New constraints on the nature and origin of the Leading Arm of the Magellanic Stream

Author

Richter, P., Fox, A. J., Wakker, B. P., Howk, J. C., Lehner, N., Barger, K. A., D'Onghia, E., and Lockman, F. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a new precision measurement of gas-phase abundances of S, O, N, Si, Fe, P, Al, Ca as well as molecular hydrogen (H_2) in the Leading Arm (region II, LAII) of the Magellanic Stream (MS) towards the Seyfert galaxy NGC 3783. The results are based on high-quality archival ultraviolet/optical/radio data from various different instruments (HST/STIS, FUSE, AAT, GBT, GB140ft, ATCA). Our study updates previous results from lower-resolution data and provides for the first time a self-consistent component model of the complex multi-phase absorber, delivering important constraints on the nature and origin of LAII. We derive a uniform, moderate alpha abundance in the two main absorber groups at +245 and +190 km s^-1 of alpha/H = 0.30 pm 0.05 solar, a low nitrogen abundance of N/H = 0.05 pm 0.01 solar, and a high dust content with substantial dust depletion values for Si, Fe, Al, and Ca. These alpha, N, and dust abundances in LAII are similar to those observed in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). From the analysis of the H_2 absorption, we determine a high thermal pressure of P/k = 1680 K cm^-3 in LAII, in line with the idea that LAII is located in the inner Milky Way halo at a z-height of <20 kpc where it hydrodynamically interacts with the ambient hot coronal gas. Our study supports a scenario, in which LAII stems from the break-up of a metal- and dust-enriched progenitor cloud that was recently (200-500 Myr ago) stripped from the SMC., Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2018
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5. The Fifteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release of MaNGA-derived Quantities, Data Visualization Tools, and Stellar Library

Author

Aguado, DS, Ahumada, R, Almeida, A, Anderson, SF, Andrews, BH, Anguiano, B, Ortiz, EA, Aragón-Salamanca, A, Argudo-Fernández, M, Aubert, M, Avila-Reese, V, Badenes, C, Barboza Rembold, S, Barger, K, Barrera-Ballesteros, J, Bates, D, Bautista, J, Beaton, RL, Beers, TC, Belfiore, F, Bernardi, M, Bershady, M, Beutler, F, Bird, J, Bizyaev, D, Blanc, GA, Blanton, MR, Blomqvist, M, Bolton, AS, Boquien, M, Borissova, J, Bovy, J, Nielsen Brandt, W, Brinkmann, J, Brownstein, JR, Bundy, K, Burgasser, A, Byler, N, Cano Diaz, M, Cappellari, M, Carrera, R, Cervantes Sodi, B, Chen, Y, Cherinka, B, Doohyun Choi, P, Chung, H, Coffey, D, Comerford, JM, Comparat, J, Covey, K, Da Silva Ilha, G, Da Costa, L, Sophia Dai, Y, Damke, G, Darling, J, Davies, R, Dawson, K, De Sainte Agathe, V, Deconto Machado, A, Del Moro, A, De Lee, N, Diamond-Stanic, AM, Dominguez Sánchez, H, Donor, J, Drory, N, Du Mas Des Bourboux, H, Duckworth, C, Dwelly, T, Ebelke, G, Emsellem, E, Escoffier, S, Fernández-Trincado, JG, Feuillet, D, Fischer, JL, Fleming, SW, Fraser-Mckelvie, A, Freischlad, G, Frinchaboy, PM, Fu, H, Galbany, L, Garcia-Dias, R, Garcia-Hernández, DA, Alberto Garma Oehmichen, L, Antonio Geimba Maia, M, Gil-Marin, H, Grabowski, K, Gu, M, Guo, H, Ha, J, Harrington, E, Hasselquist, S, Hayes, CR, Hearty, F, Hernandez Toledo, H, Hicks, H, Hogg, DW, Holley-Bockelmann, K, Holtzman, JA, Hsieh, BC, and Hunt, JAS

Subjects
atlases, catalogs, surveys, astro-ph.IM, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

Twenty years have passed since first light for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Here, we release data taken by the fourth phase of SDSS (SDSS-IV) across its first three years of operation (2014 July-2017 July). This is the third data release for SDSS-IV, and the 15th from SDSS (Data Release Fifteen; DR15). New data come from MaNGA - we release 4824 data cubes, as well as the first stellar spectra in the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar), the first set of survey-supported analysis products (e.g., stellar and gas kinematics, emission-line and other maps) from the MaNGA Data Analysis Pipeline, and a new data visualization and access tool we call "Marvin." The next data release, DR16, will include new data from both APOGEE-2 and eBOSS; those surveys release no new data here, but we document updates and corrections to their data processing pipelines. The release is cumulative; it also includes the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since first light. In this paper, we describe the location and format of the data and tools and cite technical references describing how it was obtained and processed. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has also been updated, providing links to data downloads, tutorials, and examples of data use. Although SDSS-IV will continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V (2020-2025), we end this paper by describing plans to ensure the sustainability of the SDSS data archive for many years beyond the collection of data.

Published
2019

6. Revealing the Ionization Properties of the Magellanic Stream using Optical Emission

Author

Barger, K. A., Madsen, G. J., Fox, A. J., Wakker, B. P., Bland-Hawthorn, J., Nidever, D., Haffner, L. M., Antwi-Danso, J., Hernandez, M., Lehner, N., Hill, A. S., Curzons, A., and Tepper-Garcia, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The Magellanic Stream, a gaseous tail that trails behind the Magellanic Clouds, could replenish the Milky Way with a tremendous amount of gas if it reaches the Galactic disk before it evaporates into the halo. To determine how the Magellanic Stream's properties change along its length, we have conducted an observational study of the H-alpha emission, along with other optical warm ionized gas tracers, toward 39 sight lines. Using the Wisconsin H-alpha Mapper telescope, we detect H-alpha emission brighter than 30 - 50 mR in 26 of our 39 sight lines. This H-alpha emission extends more than 2-degree away from the HI emission. By comparing H-alpha and [OI] intensities, we find that regions with log NHI = 19.5 - 20.0 are 16 - 67% ionized. Most of the H-alpha intensities along the Magellanic Stream are much higher than expected if the primary ionization source is photoionization from Magellanic Clouds, the Milky Way, and the extragalactic background. We find that the additional contribution from self ionization through a "shock cascade" that results as the Stream plows through the halo might be sufficient to reproduce the underlying level of H-alpha emission along the Stream. In the sparsely sampled region below the South Galactic Pole, there exists a subset of sight lines with uncharacteristically bright emission, which suggest that gas is being ionized further by an additional source that could be a linked to energetic processes associated with the Galactic center., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal on Nov 8, 2017

Published
2017
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7. The 13th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-IV Survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory

Author

Albareti, FD, Prieto, CA, Almeida, A, Anders, F, Anderson, S, Andrews, BH, Aragón-Salamanca, A, Argudo-Fernández, M, Armengaud, E, Aubourg, E, Avila-Reese, V, Badenes, C, Bailey, S, Barbuy, B, Barger, K, Barrera-Ballesteros, J, Bartosz, C, Basu, S, Bates, D, Battaglia, G, Baumgarten, F, Baur, J, Bautista, J, Beers, TC, Belfiore, F, Bershady, M, De Lis, SB, Bird, JC, Bizyaev, D, Blanc, GA, Blanton, M, Blomqvist, M, Bolton, AS, Borissova, J, Bovy, J, Brandt, WN, Brinkmann, J, Brownstein, JR, Bundy, K, Burtin, E, Busca, NG, Chavez, HOC, Diaz, MC, Cappellari, M, Carrera, R, Chen, Y, Cherinka, B, Cheung, E, Chiappini, C, Chojnowski, D, Chuang, CH, Chung, H, Cirolini, RF, Clerc, N, Cohen, RE, Comerford, JM, Comparat, J, Correa Do Nascimento, J, Cousinou, MC, Covey, K, Crane, JD, Croft, R, Cunha, K, Darling, J, Davidson, JW, Dawson, K, Da Costa, L, Da Silva Ilha, G, Machado, AD, Delubac, T, De Lee, N, De La Macorra, A, De La Torre, S, Diamond-Stanic, AM, Donor, J, Downes, JJ, Drory, N, Du, C, Du Mas Des Bourboux, H, Dwelly, T, Ebelke, G, Eigenbrot, A, Eisenstein, DJ, Elsworth, YP, Emsellem, E, Eracleous, M, Escoffier, S, Evans, ML, Falcón-Barroso, J, Fan, X, Favole, G, Fernandez-Alvar, E, Fernandez-Trincado, JG, Feuillet, D, Fleming, SW, Font-Ribera, A, Freischlad, G, Frinchaboy, P, Fu, H, and Gao, Y

Subjects
atlases, catalogs, surveys, astro-ph.GA, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) began observations in 2014 July. It pursues three core programs: the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2), Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA), and the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). As well as its core program, eBOSS contains two major subprograms: the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) and the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS). This paper describes the first data release from SDSS-IV, Data Release 13 (DR13). DR13 makes publicly available the first 1390 spatially resolved integral field unit observations of nearby galaxies from MaNGA. It includes new observations from eBOSS, completing the Sloan Extended QUasar, Emission-line galaxy, Luminous red galaxy Survey (SEQUELS), which also targeted variability-selected objects and X-ray-selected objects. DR13 includes new reductions of the SDSS-III BOSS data, improving the spectrophotometric calibration and redshift classification, and new reductions of the SDSS-III APOGEE-1 data, improving stellar parameters for dwarf stars and cooler stars. DR13 provides more robust and precise photometric calibrations. Value-added target catalogs relevant for eBOSS, TDSS, and SPIDERS and an updated red-clump catalog for APOGEE are also available. This paper describes the location and format of the data and provides references to important technical papers. The SDSS web site, http://www.sdss.org, provides links to the data, tutorials, examples of data access, and extensive documentation of the reduction and analysis procedures. DR13 is the first of a scheduled set that will contain new data and analyses from the planned ∼6 yr operations of SDSS-IV.

Published
2017

8. Warm Ionized Gas Revealed in the Magellanic Bridge Tidal Remnant: Constraining the Baryon Content and the Escaping Ionizing Photons around Dwarf Galaxies

Author

Barger, K. A., Haffner, L. M., and Bland-Hawthorn, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The Magellanic System includes some of the nearest examples of galaxies disturbed by galaxy interactions. These interactions have redistributed much of their gas into the halos of the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds. We present Wisconsin H-alpha Mapper kinematically resolved observations of the warm ionized gas in the Magellanic Bridge over the velocity range of +100 to +300 km/s in the local standard-of-rest reference frame. These observations include the first full H-alpha intensity map and the corresponding intensity-weighted mean velocity map of the Magellanic Bridge across (l, b) = (281.5, -30.0) to (302.5, -46.7). Using the H-alpha emission from the SMC-Tail and the Bridge we estimate that the mass of the ionized material is between (0.7-1.7)x10^8 times the mass of the Sun, compared to 3.3x10^8 times the mass of the Sun for the neutral mass over the same region. The diffuse Bridge is significantly more ionized than the SMC-Tail, with an ionization fraction of 36-52% compared to 5-24% for the Tail. The H-alpha emission has a complex multiple-component structure with a velocity distribution that could trace the sources of ionization or distinct ionized structures. We find that incident radiation from the extragalactic background and the Milky Way alone are insufficient to produced the observed ionization in the Magellanic Bridge and present a model for the escape fraction of the ionizing photons from both the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds. With this model, we place an upper limit of 4.0% for the average escape fraction of ionizing photons from the LMC and an upper limit of 5.5% for the SMC. These results, combined with the findings of a half a dozen results for dwarf galaxies in different environments, provide compelling evidence that only a small percentage of the ionizing photons escape from dwarf galaxies in the present epoch to influence their surroundings., Comment: Accepted to ApJ May 20, 2013, updated to correct a typo

Published
2013
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9. Observed Limits on Charge Exchange Contributions to the Diffuse X-ray Background

Author

Crowder, S. G., Barger, K. A., Brandl, D. E., Eckart, M. E., Galeazzi, M., Kelley, R. L., Kilbourne, C. A., McCammon, D., Pfendner, C. G., Porter, F. S., Rocks, L., Szymkowiak, A. E., and Teplin, I. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

We present a high resolution spectrum of the diffuse X-ray background from 0.1 to 1 keV for a ~1 region of the sky centered at l=90, b=+60 using a 36-pixel array of microcalorimeters flown on a sounding rocket. With an energy resolution of 11 eV FWHM below 1 keV, the spectrum's observed line ratios help separate charge exchange contributions originating within the heliosphere from thermal emission of hot gas in the interstellar medium. The X-ray sensitivity below 1 keV was reduced by about a factor of four from contamination that occurred early in the flight, limiting the significance of the results. The observed centroid of helium-like O VII is 568+2-3 eV at 90% confidence. Since the centroid expected for thermal emission is 568.4 eV while for charge exchange is 564.2 eV, thermal emission appears to dominate for this line complex, consistent with much of the high-latitude O VII emission originating in 2-3 x 10^6 K gas in the Galactic halo. On the other hand, the observed ratio of C VI Ly gamma to Ly alpha is 0.3+-0.2. The expected ratios are 0.04 for thermal emission and 0.24 for charge exchange, indicating that charge exchange must contribute strongly to this line and therefore potentially to the rest of the ROSAT R12 band usually associated with 10^6 K emission from the Local Hot Bubble. The limited statistics of this experiment and systematic uncertainties due to the contamination require only >32% thermal emission for O VII and >20% from charge exchange for C VI at the 90% confidence level. An experimental gold coating on the silicon substrate of the array greatly reduced extraneous signals induced on nearby pixels from cosmic rays passing through the substrate, reducing the triggered event rate by a factor of 15 from a previous flight of the instrument., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, to be published in ApJ

Published
2012
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10. Early Results from the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Southern Sky Survey

Author

Haffner, L. M., Reynolds, R. J., Madsen, G. J., Hill, A. S., Barger, K. A., Jaehnig, K. P., Mierkiewicz, E. J., Percival, J. W., and Chopra, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

After a successful eleven-year campaign at Kitt Peak, we moved the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) to Cerro Tololo in early 2009. Here we present some of the early data after a few months under southern skies. These maps begin to complete the first all-sky, kinematic survey of the diffuse H-alpha emission from the Milky Way. Much of this emission arises from the Warm Ionized Medium (WIM), a significant component of the ISM that extends a few kiloparsecs above the Galactic disk. While this first look at the data focuses on the H-alpha survey, WHAM is also capable of observing many other optical emission lines, revealing fascinating trends in the temperature and ionization state of the WIM. Our ongoing studies of the physical conditions of diffuse ionized gas will continue from the southern hemisphere following the H-alpha survey. In addition, future observations will cover the full velocity range of the Magellanic Stream, Bridge, and Clouds to trace the ionized gas associated with these neighboring systems., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in "The Dynamic ISM: A celebration of the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey," ASP Conference Series

Published
2010

14. The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data

Author

Abdurro'Uf, Accetta, K, Aerts, C, Silva Aguirre, V, Ahumada, R, Ajgaonkar, N, Filiz Ak, N, Alam, S, Allende Prieto, C, Almeida, A, Anders, F, Anderson, SF, Andrews, BH, Anguiano, B, Aquino-Ortíz, E, Aragón-Salamanca, A, Argudo-Fernández, M, Ata, M, Aubert, M, Avila-Reese, V, Badenes, C, Barbá, RH, Barger, K, Barrera-Ballesteros, JK, Beaton, RL, Beers, TC, Belfiore, F, Bender, CF, Bernardi, M, Bershady, MA, Beutler, F, Bidin, CM, Bird, JC, Bizyaev, D, Blanc, GA, Blanton, MR, Boardman, NF, Bolton, AS, Boquien, M, Borissova, J, Bovy, J, Brandt, WN, Brown, J, Brownstein, Brusa, M, Buchner, J, Bundy, K, Burchett, JN, Bureau, M, Burgasser, A, Cabang, TK, Campbell, S, Cappellari, M, Carlberg, JK, Wanderley, FC, Carrera, R, Cash, J, Chen, YP, Chen, WH, Cherinka, B, Chiappini, C, Choi, PD, Chojnowski, SD, Chung, H, Clerc, N, Cohen, RE, Comerford, JM, Comparat, J, Da Costa, L, Covey, K, Crane, JD, Cruz-Gonzalez, I, Culhane, C, Cunha, K, Dai, YS, Damke, G, Darling, J, Davidson, JW, Davies, R, Dawson, K, De Lee, N, Diamond-Stanic, AM, Cano-Díaz, M, Sánchez, HD, Donor, J, Duckworth, C, Dwelly, T, Eisenstein, DJ, Elsworth, YP, Emsellem, E, Eracleous, M, Escoffier, S, Fan, X, Farr, E, Feng, S, Fernández-Trincado, JG, Feuillet, D, Filipp, A, Fillingham, SP, Frinchaboy, PM, Silva Aguirre, V [0000-0002-6137-903X], Ajgaonkar, N [0000-0003-1469-8246], Filiz Ak, N [0000-0003-3016-5490], Allende Prieto, C [0000-0002-0084-572X], Andrews, BH [0000-0001-8085-5890], Anguiano, B [0000-0001-5261-4336], Aquino-Ortíz, E [0000-0003-1083-9208], Aragón-Salamanca, A [0000-0001-8215-1256], Argudo-Fernández, M [0000-0002-0789-2326], Ata, M [0000-0002-5934-9018], Avila-Reese, V [0000-0002-3461-2342], Badenes, C [0000-0003-3494-343X], Barger, K [0000-0001-5817-0932], Barrera-Ballesteros, JK [0000-0003-2405-7258], Beaton, RL [0000-0002-1691-8217], Beers, TC [0000-0003-4573-6233], Belfiore, F [0000-0002-2545-5752], Bender, CF [0000-0003-4384-7220], Bershady, MA [0000-0002-3131-4374], Bizyaev, D [0000-0002-3601-133X], Blanc, GA [0000-0003-4218-3944], Blanton, MR [0000-0003-1641-6222], Boquien, M [0000-0003-0946-6176], Borissova, J [0000-0002-5936-7718], Bovy, J [0000-0001-6855-442X], Brandt, WN [0000-0002-0167-2453], Brownstein, JR [0000-0002-8725-1069], Brusa, M [0000-0002-5059-6848], Buchner, J [0000-0003-0426-6634], Bundy, K [0000-0001-9742-3138], Burchett, JN [0000-0002-1979-2197], Bureau, M [0000-0003-4980-1012], Burgasser, A [0000-0002-6523-9536], Cappellari, M [0000-0002-1283-8420], Carlberg, JK [0000-0001-5926-4471], Chen, YP [0000-0001-8821-0309], Cherinka, B [0000-0002-4289-7923], Chojnowski, SD [0000-0001-9984-0891], Comparat, J [0000-0001-9200-1497], Da Costa, L [0000-0002-7731-277X], Covey, K [0000-0001-6914-7797], Cruz-Gonzalez, I [0000-0002-2653-1120], Cunha, K [0000-0001-6476-0576], Dai, YS [0000-0002-7928-416X], Darling, J [0000-0003-2511-2060], Davies, R [0000-0001-7897-3812], Dawson, K [0000-0002-0553-3805], De Lee, N [0000-0002-3657-0705], Cano-Díaz, M [0000-0001-9553-8230], Eisenstein, DJ [0000-0002-2929-3121], Emsellem, E [0000-0002-6155-7166], Eracleous, M [0000-0002-3719-940X], Escoffier, S [0000-0002-2847-7498], Fan, X [0000-0003-3310-0131], Feng, S [0000-0002-9767-9237], Feuillet, D [0000-0002-3101-5921], Fillingham, SP [0000-0002-8425-0351], Frinchaboy, PM [0000-0002-0740-8346], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Particle and Plasma Physics, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, Molecular, Nuclear, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Atomic, 51 Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.

Published
2022
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18. Brain α-tocopherol concentration is inversely associated with neurofibrillary tangle counts in brain regions affected in earlier Braak stages: A cross-sectional finding in the oldest old

Author

Tanprasertsuk, J., primary, Scott, T.M., additional, Johnson, M.A., additional, Poon, L.W., additional, Nelson, P.T., additional, Davey, A., additional, Woodard, J.L., additional, Vishwanathan, R., additional, Barbey, A.K., additional, Barger, K., additional, Wang, X.-D., additional, and Johnson, E.J., additional

Published
2021
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21. Investigation of the Diet-Gut-Muscle Axis in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study.

Author

Barger, K., Langsetmo, L., Orwoll, E. S., and Lustgarten, Michael S.

Subjects
BONE fractures, MEN'S health, NUTRITIONAL assessment, OSTEOPOROSIS, GUT microbiome, SKELETAL muscle, SEQUENCE analysis
Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the association between dietary fiber density (grams of fiber consumed per 100 kcal) with the gut-muscle axis in older adult men. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort participants at Visit 4 (2014–16). Participants: Older adult men (average age, 85y) from the MrOS study. Measurements: Men who were in the highest tertiles for dietary fiber density and the percentage of whole body lean mass were defined as T3T3 (n=42), whereas men who were in the lowest and intermediate tertiles for these variables were defined as T1T1 (n=32), T1T3 (n=24), and T3T1 (n=13), respectively. Additionally, measures of physical function, including the short physical performance battery (SPPB) score and grip strength were higher in T3T3 when compared with T1T1. Gut bacterial abundance was quantified with use of 16S v4 rRNA sequencing, and the bacterial functional potential was derived from the 16S data with PICRUSt. Chao1, ACE, Shannon, Simpson, and Fisher indices were used as measures of α-diversity. Weighted and unweighted Unifrac, and Bray-Curtis were used as measures of β-diversity. Age, physical activity score, smoking, and number of medications-adjusted DESeq2 models were used to identify bacteria and functions that were different when comparing T3T3 with T1T1, but that were not also different when comparing T3T3 with T1T3 or T3T1. Results: α-diversity was not different, but significant differences for β-diversity (unweighted UniFrac, Bray-Curtis) were identified when comparing T3T3 with T1T1. Known butyrate-producing bacteria, including Ruminococcus, Lachnospira, and Clostridia, and gene counts for butyrate production (KEGG IDs: K01034, K01035) were higher in T3T3, when compared with T1T1. Conclusion: These data suggest that a high-fiber diet may positively impact butyrate-producing genera and gene counts, which collectively may be involved in mechanisms related to the percentage of whole body lean mass and physical functioning in older adult men. Future studies aimed at testing the causative role of this hypothesis are of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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25. Revealing the Ionization Properties of the Magellanic Stream Using Optical Emission

Author

Barger, K. A., primary, Madsen, G. J., additional, Fox, A. J., additional, Wakker, B. P., additional, Bland-Hawthorn, J., additional, Nidever, D., additional, Haffner, L. M., additional, Antwi-Danso, Jacqueline, additional, Hernandez, Michael, additional, Lehner, N., additional, Hill, A. S., additional, Curzons, A., additional, and Tepper-García, T., additional

Published
2017
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29. Early Results from the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Southern Sky Survey

Author

Lawrence Haffner, Reynolds, R. J., Madsen, G. J., Hill, A. S., Barger, K. A., Jaehnig, K. P., Mierkiewicz, E. J., Percival, J. W., and Chopra, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

After a successful eleven-year campaign at Kitt Peak, we moved the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) to Cerro Tololo in early 2009. Here we present some of the early data after a few months under southern skies. These maps begin to complete the first all-sky, kinematic survey of the diffuse H-alpha emission from the Milky Way. Much of this emission arises from the Warm Ionized Medium (WIM), a significant component of the ISM that extends a few kiloparsecs above the Galactic disk. While this first look at the data focuses on the H-alpha survey, WHAM is also capable of observing many other optical emission lines, revealing fascinating trends in the temperature and ionization state of the WIM. Our ongoing studies of the physical conditions of diffuse ionized gas will continue from the southern hemisphere following the H-alpha survey. In addition, future observations will cover the full velocity range of the Magellanic Stream, Bridge, and Clouds to trace the ionized gas associated with these neighboring systems., 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in "The Dynamic ISM: A celebration of the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey," ASP Conference Series

Published
2010

32. OBSERVED LIMITS ON CHARGE EXCHANGE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DIFFUSE X-RAY BACKGROUND

Author

Crowder, S. G., primary, Barger, K. A., additional, Brandl, D. E., additional, Eckart, M. E., additional, Galeazzi, M., additional, Kelley, R. L., additional, Kilbourne, C. A., additional, McCammon, D., additional, Pfendner, C. G., additional, Porter, F. S., additional, Rocks, L., additional, Szymkowiak, A. E., additional, and Teplin, I. M., additional

Published
2012
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37. Relationships Between Fertility and Some Parameters in Male Broiler Breeders (Body and Testicular Weight, Histology and Immunohistochemistry of Testes, Spermatogenesis and Hormonal Levels).

Author

Sarabia Fragoso, J, Pizarro Díaz, M, Abad Moreno, JC, Casanovas Infesta, P, Rodriguez‐Bertos, A, and Barger, K

Subjects
FERTILITY, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, TESTIS, SPERMATOGENESIS in animals, BROILER chickens, SEX hormones, BODY weight, ANIMAL sexual behavior, PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

Contents In a farm of grandparent broiler breeder chickens, we followed the development of 350 roosters from 6 to 55 weeks of age. Data collected and evaluated from these males included body weight, testicular weight, histologic and immunohistochemistry studies of the testes, hormone levels (testosterone, estradiol and corticosterone) and sperm production. The objective was to understand the factors that affect or influence hatch loss that is commonly observed after 45 weeks of age in breeder flocksare often correlated to broiler breeder male chickens. The results of this study showed that in conjunction with the weight of the rooster, the testicle weight increases quickly after the rooster receives light stimulation. At an older age, the study showed that there is a process of testicular shrinkage, and the same effect is seen in sperm production and testosterone levels in broiler breeder roosters. From the histology evaluation, we defined 5 histologic phases that illustrate the evolution of the testicular tissue: perinatal, infantile, puberty, adult and senile. We observed that the adult males with a body weight <3800 g were infertile or had subfertile levels and also had low levels of testosterone and high levels of corticosterone. In contrast, the heaviest males showed correct testicular vitality, high levels of testosterone and low levels of corticosterone. However, the roosters that had acquired this high body weight were also at risk of having less complete copulations because of their physical mass. The loss of uniformity of the males and the appearance of hierarchies within the flock accompany a decline in the percentages of hatches as a consequence of the poor confirmation of the males for copulation or the restriction to the access to the females. Results of this study show that the decrease in fertility from 45 weeks of age has been associated with a decline in testicular weight, sperm production and the testosterone levels in animals with a sub-par weight. Likewise, decreasing hatch in older flocks may also result from a loss of conformation, and the lack of complete copulations is possible because of animals that are grossly overweight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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39. Beam tests of silicon microstrip detectors with VLSI readout

Author

Ross, W., primary, Attias, H., additional, Barger, K., additional, Kalbfleisch, G., additional, Kaplan, D., additional, Karchin, P., additional, Kuehler, J., additional, Lambrecht, M., additional, McCliment, E., additional, Sinnott, J., additional, Skubic, P., additional, and Utku, S., additional

Published
1991
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41. Beam Tests Of Silicon Microstrip Detectors With VLSI Readout

Author

Lambrecht, M., primary, Attias, H., additional, Barger, K., additional, Kalbfleisch, G., additional, Kaplan, D., additional, Karchin, P., additional, Kuehler, J., additional, McCliment, E., additional, Ross, W., additional, Sinnot, J., additional, Skabic, P., additional, and Utku, S., additional

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42. The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

Author

Romina Ahumada, Carlos Allende Prieto, Andrés Almeida, Friedrich Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Brett H. Andrews, Borja Anguiano, Riccardo Arcodia, Eric Armengaud, Marie Aubert, Santiago Avila, Vladimir Avila-Reese, Carles Badenes, Christophe Balland, Kat Barger, Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros, Sarbani Basu, Julian Bautista, Rachael L. Beaton, Timothy C. Beers, B. Izamar T. Benavides, Chad F. Bender, Mariangela Bernardi, Matthew Bershady, Florian Beutler, Christian Moni Bidin, Jonathan Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Guillermo A. Blanc, Michael R. Blanton, Médéric Boquien, Jura Borissova, Jo Bovy, W. N. Brandt, Jonathan Brinkmann, Joel R. Brownstein, Kevin Bundy, Martin Bureau, Adam Burgasser, Etienne Burtin, Mariana Cano-Díaz, Raffaella Capasso, Michele Cappellari, Ricardo Carrera, Solène Chabanier, William Chaplin, Michael Chapman, Brian Cherinka, Cristina Chiappini, Peter Doohyun Choi, S. Drew Chojnowski, Haeun Chung, Nicolas Clerc, Damien Coffey, Julia M. Comerford, Johan Comparat, Luiz da Costa, Marie-Claude Cousinou, Kevin Covey, Jeffrey D. Crane, Katia Cunha, Gabriele da Silva Ilha, Yu Sophia Dai, Sanna B. Damsted, Jeremy Darling, James W. Davidson, Roger Davies, Kyle Dawson, Nikhil De, Axel de la Macorra, Nathan De Lee, Anna Bárbara de Andrade Queiroz, Alice Deconto Machado, Sylvain de la Torre, Flavia Dell’Agli, Hélion du Mas des Bourboux, Aleksandar M. Diamond-Stanic, Sean Dillon, John Donor, Niv Drory, Chris Duckworth, Tom Dwelly, Garrett Ebelke, Sarah Eftekharzadeh, Arthur Davis Eigenbrot, Yvonne P. Elsworth, Mike Eracleous, Ghazaleh Erfanianfar, Stephanie Escoffier, Xiaohui Fan, Emily Farr, José G. Fernández-Trincado, Diane Feuillet, Alexis Finoguenov, Patricia Fofie, Amelia Fraser-McKelvie, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Sebastien Fromenteau, Hai Fu, Lluís Galbany, Rafael A. Garcia, D. A. García-Hernández, Luis Alberto Garma Oehmichen, Junqiang Ge, Marcio Antonio Geimba Maia, Doug Geisler, Joseph Gelfand, Julian Goddy, Violeta Gonzalez-Perez, Kathleen Grabowski, Paul Green, Catherine J. Grier, Hong Guo, Julien Guy, Paul Harding, Sten Hasselquist, Adam James Hawken, Christian R. Hayes, Fred Hearty, S. Hekker, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Danny Horta, Jiamin Hou, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Daniel Huber, Jason A. S. Hunt, J. Ider Chitham, Julie Imig, Mariana Jaber, Camilo Eduardo Jimenez Angel, Jennifer A. Johnson, Amy M. Jones, Henrik Jönsson, Eric Jullo, Yerim Kim, Karen Kinemuchi, Charles C. Kirkpatrick IV, George W. Kite, Mark Klaene, Jean-Paul Kneib, Juna A. Kollmeier, Hui Kong, Marina Kounkel, Dhanesh Krishnarao, Ivan Lacerna, Ting-Wen Lan, Richard R. Lane, David R. Law, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Henry W. Leung, Hannah Lewis, Cheng Li, Jianhui Lian, Lihwai Lin, Dan Long, Penélope Longa-Peña, Britt Lundgren, Brad W. Lyke, J. Ted Mackereth, Chelsea L. MacLeod, Steven R. Majewski, Arturo Manchado, Claudia Maraston, Paul Martini, Thomas Masseron, Karen L. Masters, Savita Mathur, Richard M. McDermid, Andrea Merloni, Michael Merrifield, Szabolcs Mészáros, Andrea Miglio, Dante Minniti, Rebecca Minsley, Takamitsu Miyaji, Faizan Gohar Mohammad, Benoit Mosser, Eva-Maria Mueller, Demitri Muna, Andrea Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Adam D. Myers, Seshadri Nadathur, Preethi Nair, Kirpal Nandra, Janaina Correa do Nascimento, Rebecca Jean Nevin, Jeffrey A. Newman, David L. Nidever, Christian Nitschelm, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Julia E. O’Connell, Matthew D. Olmstead, Daniel Oravetz, Audrey Oravetz, Yeisson Osorio, Zachary J. Pace, Nelson Padilla, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Pedro A. Palicio, Hsi-An Pan, Kaike Pan, James Parker, Romain Paviot, Sebastien Peirani, Karla Peña Ramŕez, Samantha Penny, Will J. Percival, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Patrick Petitjean, Matthew M. Pieri, Marc Pinsonneault, Vijith Jacob Poovelil, Joshua Tyler Povick, Abhishek Prakash, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, M. Jordan Raddick, Anand Raichoor, Amy Ray, Sandro Barboza Rembold, Mehdi Rezaie, Rogemar A. Riffel, Rogério Riffel, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, A. Roman-Lopes, Carlos Román-Zúñiga, Benjamin Rose, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Kate Rowlands, Kate H. R. Rubin, Mara Salvato, Ariel G. Sánchez, Laura Sánchez-Menguiano, José R. Sánchez-Gallego, Conor Sayres, Adam Schaefer, Ricardo P. Schiavon, Jaderson S. Schimoia, Edward Schlafly, David Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Axel Schwope, Hee-Jong Seo, Aldo Serenelli, Arman Shafieloo, Shoaib Jamal Shamsi, Zhengyi Shao, Shiyin Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Raphael Shirley, Víctor Silva Aguirre, Joshua D. Simon, M. F. Skrutskie, Anže Slosar, Rebecca Smethurst, Jennifer Sobeck, Bernardo Cervantes Sodi, Diogo Souto, David V. Stark, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Dennis Stello, Julianna Stermer, Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann, Alina Streblyanska, Guy S. Stringfellow, Amelia Stutz, Genaro Suárez, Jing Sun, Manuchehr Taghizadeh-Popp, Michael S. Talbot, Jamie Tayar, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Riley Theriault, Daniel Thomas, Zak C. Thomas, Jeremy Tinker, Rita Tojeiro, Hector Hernandez Toledo, Christy A. Tremonti, Nicholas W. Troup, Sarah Tuttle, Eduardo Unda-Sanzana, Marica Valentini, Jaime Vargas-González, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Jose Antonio Vázquez-Mata, M. Vivek, David Wake, Yuting Wang, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Vivienne Wild, John C. Wilson, Robert F. Wilson, Nathan Wolthuis, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Renbin Yan, Meng Yang, Christophe Yèche, Olga Zamora, Pauline Zarrouk, Gail Zasowski, Kai Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Gongbo Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Guangtun Zhu, Hu Zou, Department of Physics, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Department of Astrophysical Sciences [Princeton], Princeton University, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Department of Astronomy, Yale University [New Haven], University of Notre Dame [Indiana] (UND), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Philadelphia], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], University of Wisconsin-Madison, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Texas Tech University [Lubbock] (TTU), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Sub-department of Astrophysics [Oxford], Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford]-University of Oxford [Oxford], Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences [La Jolla] (CASS), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Department of Psychology, St John's University, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de FisicaTeorica e IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Lowell Observatory [Flagstaff], Observatorio Nacional [Rio de Janeiro], Vernalis (R&D) Ltd, Special Care Dentistry, UCLH Eastman Dental Hospital, University of Utah, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), University of Virginia [Charlottesville], University of Wyoming (UW), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Texas Christian University (TCU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, New Mexico State University, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE-ERSS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), J. A. Baker Institute, Cornell University [New York], Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Carnegie Observatories, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Institute of Science and Technology [Austria] (IST Austria), Universidad de Atacama, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Universidad de Antofagasta, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge], Institute of cosmology and gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique [Bruxelles] (IAA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département des Sciences et Gestion de l'Environnement/Océanologie [Liège], Université de Liège, Universidad Andrés Bello [Santiago] (UNAB), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Montana State University (MSU), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy (Ohio State University), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Sorbonne Université (SU), The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Space Sciences [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council [Madrid] (CSIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), McDonald Observatory, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Astronomy Centre, University of Sussex, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Washington [Seattle], Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Stellar Astrophysics Centre [Aarhus] (SAC), University of Colorado [Boulder], Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale (LBM), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Instituto de Astronomıa, universidad catolica del Norte, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Toronto], World Bank, State Key Laboratory in Computer Science [Beijing] (SKLCS), Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing], Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 (LC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Pennsylvania, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford-University of Oxford, University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), University of Virginia, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carnegie Institution for Science, Institute of Science and Technology [Klosterneuburg, Austria] (IST Austria), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Oxford, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS 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Chaplin W., Chapman M., Cherinka B., Chiappini C., Doohyun Choi P., Chojnowski S.D., Chung H., Clerc N., Coffey D., Comerford J.M., Comparat J., Da Costa L., Cousinou M.-C., Covey K., Crane J.D., Cunha K., Ilha G.D.S., Dai Y.S., Damsted S.B., Darling J., Davidson J.W., Davies R., Dawson K., De N., De La Macorra A., De Lee N., Queiroz A.B.D.A., Deconto Machado A., De La Torre S., Dell'Agli F., Du Mas Des Bourboux H., Diamond-Stanic A.M., Dillon S., Donor J., Drory N., Duckworth C., Dwelly T., Ebelke G., Eftekharzadeh S., Davis Eigenbrot A., Elsworth Y.P., Eracleous M., Erfanianfar G., Escoffier S., Fan X., Farr E., Fernandez-Trincado J.G., Feuillet D., Finoguenov A., Fofie P., Fraser-Mckelvie A., Frinchaboy P.M., Fromenteau S., Fu H., Galbany L., Garcia R.A., Garcia-Hernandez D.A., Oehmichen L.A.G., Ge J., Maia M.A.G., Geisler D., Gelfand J., Goddy J., Gonzalez-Perez V., Grabowski K., Green P., Grier C.J., Guo H., Guy J., Harding P., Hasselquist S., Hawken A.J., Hayes C.R., Hearty F., 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Sloan Foundation, and Department of Energy (US)

Subjects
Optical telescopes, SAMPLE, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, Infrared astronomy, Observatory, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, REDSHIFT 0.8, redshift surveys, stellar spectral lines, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Astronomy databases, Redshift surveys, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, stellar properties, CATALOG, astro-ph.CO, astronomy databases, Data release, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], infrared astonomy, TELESCOPE, astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, MASS, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Galactic abundances, Stellar properties, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, DISTANCES, Stellar spectral lines, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, optical telescopes, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Galaxy, GALAXY, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], STELLAR, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], galactic abundances, MILKY, astro-ph.IM, SDSS-IV MANGA
Abstract

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17)., Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org.

Published
2020

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