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I. THE SHOTGUN WEDDING OF BANK OF AMERICA AND MERRILL LYNCH A. Courtship or Arranged Marriage? B. Cold Feet C. I Do ... I Guess II. THE ORDER OF SERVICE [...]

This article describes the development and implementation of a World Wide Web page to support a team-taught introductory animal and poultry science course. The objectives were to examine the capabilities of this type of instructional resource, determine students' willingness to use this type of resource, create opportunities for interactive learning, and improve students' enthusiasm for the subject area. A variety of course materials were made available through the Internet, including the class syllabus, lecture notes, and practice questions to support and augment class lectures. Additional on-line resources included a bulletin board for instructor announcements, a list-serve for student discussions concerning administrative and educational issues arising during the semester, a class E-mail list, and a page with links to other sites of agricultural interest. Materials were accessible from a variety of computer resources, including campus computing laboratories, dial-up access, and access via other Internet service providers. Use of the materials was evaluated by analysis of log files from the server. Effectiveness of the resources was determined from surveys of students conducted before and after implementation of the on-line resource. Students indicated that the most useful components of the Web page were the class notes and practice/review questions. Effectiveness of the site was related to the amount of material available through the site, the level of interaction, whether the task was required, and the ease of access to computers and the Web site. Student evaluations indicated that this form of instructional supplement is a viable method for enhancing the learning experience in the introductory animal sciences. Key Words: Education, World Wide Web, Computer-Assisted Instruction

2,2-Bis{2-{4(S)-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazolinyl}}propane {(S,S)-tert-butylbis(oxazoline)} was synthesized through a three-step procedure that required less purification. The method involved catalyzing the reaction of dihydroxy malonodiamide with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and triethylamine with 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. Catalysis led to the formation of bis(tosylate), which further cyclizated to form bis(oxazoline). The compound was produced in 82% yield after extractive isolation, followed by recrystallization from pentane.

The mechanism of transport of organic anions across the luminal membrane of proximal tubular cells was investigated in killifishes by conventional fluorescence microscopy. At steady state, luminal fluorescence intensities were higher than cellular fluorescence intensities. Both intensities were markedly reduced when fluorescein was used as substrate, but was only slightly reduced when carboxyfluorescein diacetate or monochlorobimane was used as substrate. Depolarization of the cells had no effect on the cell-to-lumen distribution of the anions.

Epifluorescence and laser confocal microscopy, along with video-image analysis, enables the study of intracellular fluorescein (FL) compartmentalization in organic anion-secreting tissues in the urinary bladder of crabs. FL accumulates in a compartment comprising of vesicular structures and a microtubule-based process enables the movement of FL-loaded vesicles in the secretory direction.

Abstract Background Congaplex® and Immuplex® are dietary supplements that have been traditionally used to support immune system function. The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether Congaplex® and Immuplex® affect immune function using primary and immortalized T lymphocytes. Methods Immortalized CEM and Jurkat T lymphocytes and primary peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) were treated with the aqueous extracts from Congaplex® and Immuplex® to determine the effects of these products on cytokine production in activated T lymphocytes. Results Congaplex® enhanced phytohemagglutinin/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PHA/PMA) stimulation of both CEM and Jurkat cells as measured by the production of cytokines, while Immuplex® suppressed PHA/PMA-induced production of cytokines, with the exception of interleukin (IL)-8 which was enhanced by Immuplex®. In vitro treatment of PBMCs from 10 healthy donors with Congaplex® or Immuplex® decreased PHA-stimulated production of interferon (IFN)-γ but increased the production of IL-13. Conclusions While the effects of Congaplex® and Immuplex® differed in these two models, these data demonstrate that the aqueous extracts from these two dietary supplements can affect the inflammatory response of T lymphocytes.

The enantioselective synthesis of endothelin-A antagonist ABT-546 is carried out through the discovery and development of a highly selective catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of ketosters to nitroolefins. The effects of ligand structure, metal salt, and solvent on the reaction are described.