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25 years after being received as a promising response to the grave crisis of the Church during the 1970’s, the remainders of the PVM indicate its inoperability. A confrontation between the characteristics of the current Church and those that — as seen today — identify what should have been the community of the PVM can help to understand this case. Could the PVM have been a bridge between the crisis and the movement called “Brazilian evangelical”?

International Private Law has gone through several changes and modifications, in step with the globalization phenomenon, for whichthe relations between citizens of different countries have become more frequent and complex. In that regard, it is necessary to ask how International Private Law should react tobe in accordance with the new scenarios.In this article, the author examines the general and patrimonial aspects of International Private Law that he considers must be redefined, comparing the current dispositions of the Peruvian Civil Code with international regulations and national reform projects, and introducing a modification proposal for each topic. El Derecho Internacional Privado ha venidosufriendo diversos cambios y modificaciones, al ritmo del fenómeno de la globalización, porel cual las relaciones entre los ciudadanos dediversos países se han ido haciendo más frecuentes y complejas. En ese sentido, es necesario preguntarse cómo debe reaccionar el Derecho Internacional Privado para estaracorde a los nuevos escenarios.En el presente artículo, el autor hace un recorrido por los aspectos generales y patrimoniales del Derecho Internacional Privado que considera deben ser replanteados, comparando las normas del Código Civil vigentes con las normas internacionales y los proyectos de reforma nacionales, y presentando para cadatema una propuesta de modificación.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:54:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Cesar Barreto.pdf: 383863 bytes, checksum: 2f142ef619fc90115648202f167b3f54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-01-20 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior This dissertation was intended to analyze the evolution of the competition conditions of asphalt distribution s sector at the states of Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas and Pernambuco identifying the market segments and the competitive logic that they follow. Then, were analyzed the strategies adopted by two players of the sector and their efficacy, to clarify if the strategies based on complementary services adopted to differentiate asphalts have provided better results in market-share, sales, level of fidelity and quality of service. For this, first, a research was done at Petrobras the only enterprise that products asphalt , and a comparative study between the two players chosen. Besides, researches were done with clients of these players to identify the complementary services that are considered important for them. The research showed that both players use strategies based on development of products and offering of complementary services, but these last strategies seem to be more tactical and operational than really strategic. These actions appeared useful to catch and keep clients, but not decisive, which was corroborated for the reduction of the product sales profits. It was possible to realize that clients consider some of these actions important to the definition of a supplier of this kind of product, but they do not consider it a strong reason to get fidelity with any supplier. This can show that is necessary to increase the relationship with the clients to identify other things that are important to them to choose a supplier of asphalt, and to develop strategies really new that can asseverate a position of vanguard for a long time. Esta dissertação buscou analisar a evolução das condições de competitividade do setor de distribuição de produtos asfálticos nos estados da Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas e Pernambuco, identificando os segmentos de mercado existentes e as lógicas competitivas que eles obedecem. Analisaram-se, então, as estratégias adotadas por duas empresas do setor e sua eficácia, tendo em vista esclarecer se as estratégias baseadas em serviços complementares utilizadas para diferenciação de produtos asfálticos têm proporcionado melhores resultados em market-share, faturamento, grau de fidelidade e qualidade do serviço. Para tanto, foi feita inicialmente uma pesquisa com a Petrobras única fonte produtora de produtos asfálticos , e um estudo comparativo entre as duas empresas escolhidas. Além disso, foram realizadas pesquisas com os clientes destas empresas para identificar que serviços complementares são considerados importantes por eles. A pesquisa demonstrou que ambas as empresas utilizam estratégias baseadas em desenvolvimento de produtos e prestação de serviços complementares, mas estas últimas estratégias são mais voltadas para o campo tático e operacional que para o campo estratégico. Estas medidas se mostraram úteis para conquista e manutenção de clientes, mas não decisivas, o que foi corroborado pela redução das margens na venda de produtos. Verificou-se, também, que os clientes percebem algumas destas medidas como importantes para definição de um fornecedor deste tipo de produto, mas não as consideram motivo suficiente para possuir fidelidade com algum fornecedor. Isto demonstrou que há a necessidade de estreitar o relacionamento com os clientes para identificar que outros aspectos são importantes para definição de um fornecedor de produtos asfálticos, e desenvolver estratégias realmente inovadoras que possam garantir uma posição de vanguarda por mais tempo.

El presente trabajo elabora un análisis respecto al rol, posicionamiento y alcances de la autonomía de la voluntad de las partes en el mundo contemporáneo -especialmente en el Perú-en la elección de la ley aplicable a los contratos internacionales, y sobre el papel de los factores de conexión subsidiarios en el marco de un proceso judicial. También analiza las limitaciones que usualmente consagran los Estados a esta facultad de las partes, y que impactan de manera importante en el marco regulador de las relaciones contractuales, en tanto protegen derechos fundamentales, considerados pilares del ordenamiento jurídico de los Estados vinculados al contrato. Además elabora un análisis de la legislación comparada para conocer y acceder a las distintas fórmulas modernas consagradas por importantes cuerpos legales, de fuente nacional e internacional, respecto a la autonomía de la voluntad, la lex contractus y las normas internacionalmente imperativas; y también para comparar las opciones legislativas empleadas por las leyes extranjeras y convenciones internacionales contemporáneas con la legislación peruana de Derecho internacional privado (DIPr) sobre lex contractus, con miras a identificar las modificaciones que convendría incorporar para optimizar la legislación peruana sobre el tema. Finalmente, a la luz de las tendencias y fórmulas doctrinarias y legislativas prevalecientes, se formula recomendaciones y propuestas puntuales de reforma legal orientadas a armonizar y mejorar la legislación peruana respecto a la autonomía de la voluntad, lex contractus y limitaciones vinculadas con la defensa de principios fundamentales del foro, y por ende, a dotar al Perú de un marco jurídico más coherente, moderno y previsible que ofrezca mayor seguridad jurídica a la contratación internacional. This paper makes an analysis on the role, position and scope of the autonomy of the parties in the contemporary world – especially in Peru - in the choice of the law applicable to international contracts and the role of subsidiary connecting factors within the framework of a judicial process. Also it discusses the limitations usually set States to enshrine this right of the parties, which impact significantly on the regulatory framework of contractual relations, since they are designed to protect fundamental rights, considered pillars of the legal system of the States linked somehow to the contract. Besides, it develops a comparative analysis of international legislation to understand and access the various modern formulas used in important legal bodies, national and international, regarding the autonomy of the parties, the lex contractus and internationally mandatory rules; and also to compare the legislative options used by contemporary foreign laws and international conventions with Peruvian law on Private international law and lex contractus, in order to identify the changes that should be incorporated to optimize the Peruvian legislation on the subject. Finally, in light of the trends and doctrinal and legislative formulas prevailing, we propose recommendations and offer specific proposals for legal reform aimed at harmonizing and improving Peruvian law regarding autonomy of the parties, contract law and limitations relating to the defense of fundamental principles of the forum, and therefore, provide Peru with a more coherent, modern and predictable legal framework which offers greater legal security for international contracts. Tesis

La importancia en el tratamiento de las relaciones jurídicas que incorporan un elemento extranjero es cada vez más evidente, el Derecho Internacional Privado y particularmente el Derecho Procesal Civil Internacional vienen cobrando mayor interés para el mundo académico, especialmente para los jueces y los diversos operadores de justicia, quienes se ven precisados a proponer o resolver pretensiones que involucran elementos extranjeros relevantes y para ello, antes de establecer el derecho aplicable a la causa, deben cuestionarse sobre la competencia judicial internacional para el conocimiento de la misma. La importancia en el tratamiento de las relaciones jurídicas que incorporan un elemento extranjero es cada vez más evidente, el Derecho Internacional Privado y particularmente el Derecho Procesal Civil Internacional vienen cobrando mayor interés para el mundo académico, especialmente para los jueces y los diversos operadores de justicia, quienes se ven precisados a proponer o resolver pretensiones que involucran elementos extranjeros relevantes y para ello, antes de establecer el derecho aplicable a la causa, deben cuestionarse sobre la competencia judicial internacional para el conocimiento de la misma. Tesis