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5. Treatment Outcomes in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study after 5 Years of Follow-up.

Author

Gedde, Steven, Feuer, William, Lim, Kin, Barton, Keith, Goyal, Saurabh, Ahmed, Iqbal, and Brandt, James

Subjects
Glaucoma surgery, Randomized clinical trial, Trabeculectomy, Tube shunt, Humans, Trabeculectomy, Follow-Up Studies, Glaucoma Drainage Implants, Glaucoma, Intraocular Pressure, Mitomycin, Treatment Outcome
Abstract

PURPOSE: To report 5-year treatment outcomes in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy (PTVT) Study. DESIGN: Multicenter randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 242 eyes of 242 patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma and no previous incisional ocular surgery, including 125 patients in the tube group and 117 patients in the trabeculectomy group. METHODS: Patients were enrolled at 16 clinical centers and randomly assigned to treatment with a tube shunt (350-mm2 Baerveldt glaucoma implant) or trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) (0.4 mg/ml for 2 minutes). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was the rate of surgical failure, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg or reduced < 20% from baseline, IOP ≤ 5 mmHg, reoperation for glaucoma, or loss of light perception. Secondary outcome measures included IOP, glaucoma medical therapy, and visual acuity. RESULTS: The cumulative probability of failure after 5 years of follow-up was 42% in the tube group and 35% in the trabeculectomy group (P = 0.21; hazard ratio = 1.31; 95% confidence interval = 0.86-2.01). At 5 years, IOP (mean ± standard deviation) was 13.4 ± 3.5 mmHg in the tube group and 13.0 ± 5.2 mmHg in the trabeculectomy group (P = 0.52), and the number of glaucoma medications (mean ± standard deviation) was 2.2 ± 1.3 in the tube group and 1.3 ± 1.4 in the trabeculectomy group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Trabeculectomy with MMC and tube shunt surgery produced similar IOPs after 5 years of follow-up in the PTVT Study, but fewer glaucoma medications were required after trabeculectomy. No significant difference in the rate of surgical failure was observed between the 2 surgical procedures at 5 years.

Published
2022

6. Postoperative Complications in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study During 5 Years of Follow-up.

Author

Gedde, Steven, Feuer, William, Lim, Kin, Barton, Keith, Goyal, Saurabh, Ahmed, Iqbal, and Brandt, James

Subjects
Glaucoma surgery, Randomized clinical trial, Surgical complications, Trabeculectomy, Tube shunt, Humans, Trabeculectomy, Follow-Up Studies, Intraocular Pressure, Alkylating Agents, Treatment Outcome, Glaucoma Drainage Implants, Glaucoma, Mitomycin, Postoperative Complications, Cataract, Blindness
Abstract

PURPOSE: To describe postoperative complications encountered in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy (PTVT) Study during 5 years of follow-up. DESIGN: Multicenter randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 242 eyes of 242 patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma and no previous incisional ocular surgery, including 125 patients in the tube group and 117 patients in the trabeculectomy group. METHODS: Patients were enrolled at 16 clinical centers and randomly assigned to treatment with a tube shunt (350-mm2 Baerveldt glaucoma implant) or trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC, 0.4 mg/ml for 2 minutes). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Surgical complications, reoperations for complications, visual acuity, and cataract progression. RESULTS: Early postoperative complications occurred in 24 patients (19%) in the tube group and 40 patients (34%) in the trabeculectomy group (P = 0.013). Late postoperative complications developed in 27 patients (22%) in the tube group and 32 patients (27%) in the trabeculectomy group (P = 0.37). Serious complications producing vision loss and/or requiring a reoperation were observed in 3 patients (2%) in the tube group and 9 patients (8%) in the trabeculectomy group (P = 0.11). Cataract progression was seen in 65 patients (52%) in the tube group and 52 patients (44%) in the trabeculectomy group (P = 0.30). Surgical complications were not associated with a higher rate of treatment failure (P = 0.61), vision loss (P = 1.00), or cataract progression (P = 0.77) CONCLUSIONS: A large number of surgical complications were observed in the PTVT Study, but most were transient and self-limited. The incidence of early postoperative complications was higher following trabeculectomy with MMC than with tube shunt surgery. The rates of late postoperative complications, serious complications, and cataract progression were similar with both surgical procedures after 5 years of follow-up. Surgical complications did not increase the risk of treatment failure, vision loss, or cataract progression.

Published
2022

7. Collaborative Deliberation in the Classroom

Author

Barton, Keith C. and Ho, Li-Ching

Abstract

To expand students' preparation for civic life, many teachers regularly engage students in discussions related to contentious issues. These discussions, however, typically restrict the range of communicative styles allowed and prioritizes disagreements between fixed and competing choices. Keith C. Barton & Li-Ching recommend that educators instead engage students in collaborative deliberation -- an authentic problem-solving model of discussion that is premised on relationships, mutual trust, common interests and concerns, and diverse forms of communication. To support collaborative deliberation, teachers need to pay attention to how they frame issues, how they organize student groups, and what kinds of discourse they encourage.

Published
2023
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8. Visual Field Outcomes in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study

Author

Gedde, Steven, Banitt, Michael, Budenz, Donald, Chang, Ta, Lee, Richard, Palmberg, Paul, Parrish, Richard, II, Swaminathan, Swarup, Vazquez, Luis, Wellik, Sarah, Werner, Mark, Zink, Jeffrey, Khatana, Anup, Grover, Davinder, Neelakantan, Arvind, Barton, Keith, Panarelli, Joseph, Sidoti, Paul, Tsai, James, Vinod, Kateki, Goyal, Saurabh, Lind, John, Shields, Steven, Lim, Kin Sheng, Brandt, James, Sherwood, Mark, Khaimi, Mahmoud, Sankar, Prithvi, Ansari, Husam, Miller-Ellis, Eydie, Feldman, Robert, Baker, Laura, Bell, Nicholas, Ahmed, Iqbal, Williams, Donna, Prum, Bruce, Ramulu, Pradeep, Jampel, Henry, Feuer, William, Londono, Luz, Schiffman, Joyce, Shi, Wei, Silva, Yolanda, Vanner, Elizabeth, Chen, Philip, Heuer, Dale, Singh, Kuldev, Wright, Martha, Swaminathan, Swarup S., Jammal, Alessandro A., Medeiros, Felipe A., and Gedde, Steven J.

Published
2024
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11. Evaluating Primary Treatment for People with Advanced Glaucoma: Five-Year Results of the Treatment of Advanced Glaucoma Study

Author

King, Anthony, Agrawal, Pavi, Broadway, David C., Strouthidis, Nick, Chew, Shenton, Sng, Chelvin, Toth, Marta, Gazzard, Gus, Elkarmouty, Ahmed, Nikita, Eleni, Triolo, Giacinto, Aguilar-Munoa, Soledad, Goyal, Saurabh, Lim, Sheng, Sung, Velota, Masood, Imran, Wride, Nicholas, Sandhu, Amanjeet, Hill, Elizabeth, Sparrow, John, Grey, Fiona, Bourne, Rupert, Nithyanandarajah, Gnanapragasam, Willshire, Catherine, Bloom, Philip, Ahmed, Faisal, Cordeiro, Franesca, Crawley, Laura, Normando, Eduardo, Ameen, Sally, Tryfinopoulou, Joanna, Porteous, Alistair, Jutley, Gurjeet, Bessinis, Dimitrios, Kirwan, James, Begum, Shahiba, Sepetis, Anastasios, Rule, Edward, Thornton, Richard, McNaught, Andrew, Anand, Nitin, Negi, Anil, Kousha, Obaid, Hovan, Marta, Sanders, Roshini, Agarwal, Pankaj Kumar, Tatham, Andrew, Au, Leon, Fenerty, Cecelia, Karaconji, Tanya, Drury, Brett, Penmol, Duya, Ansari, Ejaz, Dardzhikova, Albina, Moosavi, Reza, Imonikhe, Richard, Kontovourikis, Prodromos, Membrey, Luke, Almeida, Goncalo, Tildsley, James, Azuara-Blanco, Augusto, Knox, Angela, Rankin, Simon, Wilson, Sara, Prabhu, Avinash, Mukherji, Subhanjan, Datta, Amit, Fern, Alisdair, Liput, Joanna, Manners, Tim, Pilling, Josh, Stemp, Clare, Martin, Karen, Nixon, Tracey, Cobb, Caroline, Rotchford, Alan, Sidiki, Sikander, Bansal, Atul, Auger, Graham, Freeman, Mary, King, Anthony J., Hudson, Jemma, Burr, Jennifer, Kernohan, Ashleigh, Homer, Tara, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Sparrow, John M., Garway-Heath, David, Barton, Keith, Norrie, John, Davidson, Tracey, Vale, Luke, and MacLennan, Graeme

Published
2024
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13. Ab-Externo MicroShunt versus Trabeculectomy in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Two-Year Results from a Randomized, Multicenter Study

Author

Vold, Steven, McFarland, Michael, Stiles, Michael, Stechschulte, Ann, Strom, Amanda, Reynolds, Adam, Noecker, Robert, Thimons, Joseph, Khaimi, Mahmoud, Allen, Evan, Sarkisian, Steve, Barnebey, Howard, Golez, Ernesto, Feldman, Robert, Bell, Nicholas, Blieden, Lauren, Cantor, Louis, WuDunn, Darrell, Catoira-Boyle, Yara, Chen, Huiyi, Evans, Joshua, Martin, Elizabeth, Sozeri, Yasemin, Srivastava, Vinita, Wise, Ryan, Schwartz, Kenneth, Grover, Davinder, Butler, Michelle, Emanuel, Matthew, Fellman, Ronald, Godfrey, David, Smith, Oluwatosin, Kornmann, Helen, Khatana, Anup, Hagee, Daniel, Kuhlman, Brian, Zink, Jeffrey, Moster, Marlene, Dale, Elizabeth, Pro, Michael, Baker, Douglas, Chambers, Megan, Lehmann, David, Caprioli, Joseph, Francis, Brian, Giaconi, JoAnn, Law, Simon, Nouri-Mahdavi, Kouros, Coleman, Anne, Flynn, William, Rashid, Edward, Reilly, Charles, Rice, Robert, Sidoti, Paul, Panarelli, Joseph, Garg, Reena, Tania Tai, Tak Yee, Vinod, Kate, Harizman, Noga, Ritch, Robert, Reiss, George, Dewan, Vinay, Patel, Shamil, Sorenson, Christina, Larsen, Christine, Samuelson, Thomas, Hansen, Mark, Barth, Tara, Blakstad, Alyson, Buboltz, Mark, Fahmy, Ahmad, Fahmy, Mona, Montealegre, Kate, Mizener, Martin, Whitted, Peter, Lim, Michele, Brandt, James, Baik, Annie, Jiang, Angela, Brown, Steve V.L., Breunig, Adam C., Gorla, Madhu S.R., Riss, Isabelle, Feijoo, Garcia, Mendez Hernandez, Carmen, Martinez de la Casa, Jose, Dupré Pelaez, Mauro, Fernandez Vidal, Ana, García Sáenz, Sofia, Morales Fernandez, Laura, Sáenz Francés, Federico, Santos Bueso, Enrique, Perucho Gonzalez, Lucia, Beckers, Henny J.M., Kujovic, Stefani, Nardi, Marco, Maglionico, Maria N., Nasini, Francesco, Passani, Andrea, Strouthidis, Nick, Barton, Keith, Clarke, Jonathan, Gazzard, Gus, Jayaram, Hari, Khaw, Peng, Papadopoulos, Maria, Puertas, Renata, Toth, Marta, Lunt, David, Triolo, Giacinto, Kam, Ronald, Levine, Jason, Flowers, Brian, Nair, Unni, Simmons, Steven, Pokabla, Michael, Panarelli, Joseph F., Moster, Marlene R., Garcia-Feijoo, Julian, Flowers, Brian E., Baker, N. Douglas, Barnebey, Howard S., Grover, Davinder S., Khatana, Anup K., Lee, Bonny, Nguyen, Tuan, Stiles, Michael C., Sadruddin, Omar, and Khaw, Peng T.

Published
2024
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14. The Impact of Baseline Intraocular Pressure on Initial Treatment Response in the LiGHT Trial: Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty versus Medication

Author

Adeleke, Mariam, Ambler, Gareth, Barton, Keith, Bourne, Rupert, Broadway, David, Bunce, Catey, Buszewicz, Marta, Crabb, David, Davis, Amanda, Garg, Anurag, Garway-Heath, David, Gazzard, Gus, Hornan, Daniel, Hunter, Rachael, Jayaram, Hari, Jiang, Yuzhen, Konstantakopoulou, Evgenia, Lim, Sheng, Liput, Joanna, Manners, Timothy, Montesano, Giovanni, Morris, Stephen, Nathwani, Neil, Ometto, Giovanni, Rubin, Gary, Strouthidis, Nicholas, Vickerstaff, Victoria, Wilson, Sarah, Wormald, Richard, Wright, David, Zhu, Haogang, and Fahy, Eamonn T.

Published
2024
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15. Phacogoniotomy versus phacotrabeculectomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract: A randomized non-inferiority trial

Author

Song, Yunhe, Lin, Fengbin, Lv, Aiguo, Zhang, Yao, Lu, Lan, Xie, Lin, Tang, Guangxian, Yuan, Huiping, Yang, Yangfan, Xu, Jiangang, Lu, Ping, Xiao, Meichun, Zhu, Xiaomin, Yan, Xiaowei, Song, Wulian, Li, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Hengli, Li, Fei, Wang, Zhenyu, Jin, Ling, Gao, Xinbo, Liang, Xiaohong, Zhou, Minwen, Zhao, Xiaohuan, Zhang, Yu, Chen, Weirong, Wang, Ningli, Tham, Clement C., Barton, Keith, Park, Ki Ho, Aung, Tin, Weinreb, Robert N., Tang, Li, Fan, Sujie, Lam, Dennis S.C., and Zhang, Xiulan

Published
2024
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16. Influence of Goniotomy Size on Treatment Safety and Efficacy for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Multicenter Study

Author

Zhang, Yu, Yu, Ping, Zhang, Yingzhe, Sugihara, Kazunobu, Zhu, Xiaomin, Zhang, Yao, Yang, Xiao, Li, Xiaoyan, Liu, Yacong, Zhang, Hengli, Yan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Hengkai, Lin, Fengbin, Song, Yunhe, Gao, Xinbo, Yuan, Huiping, Tang, Guangxian, Zhou, Wenzong, Fan, Sujie, Dang, Guangfu, Tang, Li, Chen, Weirong, Wang, Ningli, Park, Ki Ho, Barton, Keith, Aung, Tin, Lam, Dennis S.C., Weinreb, Robert N., Xie, Lin, Tanito, Masaki, Zeng, Liuzhi, and Zhang, Xiulan

Published
2023
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17. Comparing the Effectiveness of Phacoemulsification + Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation Laser versus Phacoemulsification Alone for the Treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Patients with Cataract (CONCEPT): Study Methodology

Author

Sherman, Thomas, Rodrigues, Ian, Goyal, Saurabh, Alaghband, Pouya, Bloom, Philip, Barton, Keith, Jayaram, Hari, Abu-Bakra, Mohammed, Ni, Melody, Zamora, Bernarda, Danieliute, Lina, Lim, Kin Sheng, Sherman, Tom, and Rodrigues, Ian A.S.

Published
2023
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18. Critical Harmony: A Goal for Deliberative Civic Education

Author

Ho, Li-Ching and Barton, Keith C.

Abstract

This paper makes the case for including "critical harmony" as a complement to justice within civic education. The concept of harmony is significant for civic education because it acknowledges the crucial role that relationships play in society--an important moral, ethical, and social ideal in many cultures around the world. Harmony must also incorporate a critical dimension, however, by embracing conflict and tension, valuing difference and diversity, and striving for balance among divergent voices. By using examples of public issues such as housing and gender identity to illustrate the relational dimension of public policy, this paper argues that the concept of critical harmony can contribute to a more comprehensive foundation for students' deliberation of civic issues.

Published
2022
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19. Laser in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension (LiGHT) Trial: Six-Year Results of Primary Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty versus Eye Drops for the Treatment of Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension

Author

Adeleke, Mariam, Ambler, Gareth, Barton, Keith, Bourne, Rupert, Broadway, David, Bunce, Catey, Buszewicz, Marta, Crabb, David, Davis, Amanda, Garg, Anurag, Garway-Heath, David, Gazzard, Gus, Hornan, Daniel, Hunter, Rachael, Jayaram, Hari, Jiang, Yuzhen, Konstantakopoulou, Evgenia, Lim, Sheng, Liput, Joanna, Manners, Timothy, Montesano, Giovanni, Morris, Stephen, Nathwani, Neil, Ometto, Giovanni, Rubin, Gary, Strouthidis, Nicholas, Vickerstaff, Victoria, Wilson, Sarah, Wormald, Richard, Wright, David, and Zhu, Haogang

Published
2023
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25. Outcomes of Glaucoma Reoperations in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study

Author

Coulon, Sara J., Vanner, Elizabeth A., Gedde, Steven J., Banitt, Michael, Budenz, Donald, Lee, Richard, Palmberg, Paul, Parrish, Richard, II, Vazquez, Luis, Wellik, Sarah, Werner, Mark, Zink, Jeffrey, Khatana, Anup, Grover, Davinder, Neelakantan, Arvind, Barton, Keith, Panarelli, Joseph, Sidoti, Paul, Tsai, James, Vinod, Kateki, Goyal, Saurabh, Lind, John, Shields, Steven, Lim, Kin Sheng, Brandt, James, Sherwood, Mark, Khaimi, Mahmoud, Sankar, Prithvi, Ansari, Husam, Miller-Ellis, Eydie, Feldman, Robert, Baker, Laura, Bell, Nicholas, Ahmed, Iqbal, Williams, Donna, Prum, Bruce, Ramulu, Pradeep, Jampel, Henry, Feuer, William, Londono, Luz, Schiffman, Joyce, Shi, Wei, Silva, Yolanda, Vanner, Elizabeth, Chen, Philip, Heuer, Dale, Singh, Kuldev, and Wright, Martha

Published
2023
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43. Students' Understanding of Institutional Practices: The Missing Dimension in Human Rights Education

Author

Barton, Keith C.

Abstract

This study used task-based group interviews with young adolescents in four countries to investigate their understanding of the causes of human rights violations, means for protecting human rights, and their own potential role in ensuring human rights. Although students recognized the role of personal and institutional factors in both violating and protecting human rights, their ideas for influencing human rights focused primarily on the personal contexts with which they were most familiar. Their understanding of political and economic mechanisms was much less elaborate. These findings suggest the need for curricula that equip students with the complex and specialized knowledge that would enable them to engage in a range of meaningful civic action, both in their lives now and as adults.

Published
2020
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44. Preparation for Civil Society: A Necessary Element of Curriculum for Social Justice

Author

Ho, Li-Ching and Barton, Keith C.

Abstract

Civic education historically has focused primarily on preparing students to influence politics and government policy. Less attention has been paid to the curricular implications of civil society, even though it is a crucial site for deliberatively informed action and one of the primary ways in which students will enter the public sphere. This article highlights the importance of civil society as a component of civic education and critically examines why it has been neglected or disparaged by many civic educators. The article also emphasizes the role of formal curricula in systematically preparing students to critically engage in civil society as they work toward social justice; this preparation involves acquainting students with the knowledge necessary to evaluate the work of such organizations, as well providing students with experience in the kinds of collaborative deliberation that takes place there.

Published
2020
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45. Cultivating Sprouts of Benevolence: A Foundational Principle for Curriculum in Civic and Multicultural Education

Author

Barton, Keith C. and Ho, Li-Ching

Abstract

A central goal of civic and multicultural education is preparing young people to participate in deliberatively informed action on important social issues. In order to achieve this goal, educators need to cultivate young people's innate but partial 'sprouts' of benevolence, which are rooted in feelings of empathy and compassion. Without a sense of benevolence, students are unlikely to be motivated to deliberate and take action on the needs of others. Consequently, curriculum related to public issues should begin by engaging students with knowledge of other people's lives and concrete circumstances. By encountering rich and emotionally compelling accounts of the lives of others, students' sense of benevolence can be extended beyond the people and situations they know best. This forms the basis for subsequent curriculum encounters with differing perspectives and worldviews, as well as with structural causes of social issues and potential implications of civic action taken to address them.

Published
2020
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49. What Should We Teach about Human Rights? Implications of International Research

Author

Barton, Keith C.

Abstract

In this article, Keith Barton shares his recent research on students' understanding of human rights. His work suggests the need for teachers to understand the significance of students' social context when teaching about human rights. His findings also indicate that students focus almost exclusively on personal as opposed to institutional actions for protecting human rights. The research described herein identifies two areas requiring special emphasis. The first involves applying human rights principles at multiple levels--local, national, and global--so that students are not bound either by the uniqueness of their own experiences or by the potentially stereotypical and inaccurate images found in wider social and political discourses. The second involves helping students develop an understanding of a range of local, national, and transnational organizations (governmental and nongovernmental), as well as the specific policies and practices they use to address human rights. Educators must use their knowledge of students and of effective instructional practices to make such content engaging and meaningful, but this research points toward the content that needs particular attention in those efforts. [This research was jointly planned and implemented with Arlene Benitez of Indiana University.]

Published
2019

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