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Objective: To recognize occurrence also danger issues of hemorrhoids and fissures throughout pregnancy and afterwards childbirth. Population: The overall 180 pregnant females trailed up till 1 month after delivery. Methods: Females remained inspected 4 times via pregnancy and after delivery; those that developed perianal diseases were compared with those that did not. Main outcome measures Incidence, time and risk factors of hemorrhoids and fissures. Our current research was done in Nangarhar Reginal Hospital Gyn/ Obs ward from June -2020 to June -2021. Results: In total 90 (50%) female patients have developed perineal diseases (Hemorrhoid, Anal Fissure. The most vulnerable times were 3rd trimester about 60 (66.6%), Second trimester 20(22.2%) and in the first month after deliver 10(11.11%). From these Patients Investigation shows that 65(72.2%) only suffering from hemorrhoid and 15(13.5%) has both hemorrhoid and anal fissure. 80 female undergone Vaginal delivery and 10 remind has undergone of caesarean section. Risk Factors for Perineal illness during pregnancy was Constipation, Straining throughout delivery for more than 20 mins and baby weight >3900gr. Conclusions: Hemorrhoids and fissures remain mutual throughout last trimester of pregnancy and one month afterwards delivery, through constipation, individual past of hemorrhoids or fissures, birth weight of new >3900 g, straining throughout delivery for extra than 20 mins being self-sufficiently related risk factors.

Nowadays, most of the country switched to generate their power by renewable energy sources as well as the power industries also mainly focused on the renewable resources for power generation. The renewable resources are solar, wind, biomass, and hydroelectric; out of these, the solar market is developing due to shortage of non-renewable resources. The solar energy is freely obtainable during the year; also, it provides a clean and noiseless environment. Most of the large- and small-scale industries and household consumers moved to generate the power through a PV solar cell. Most of the research work includes the modelling of the PV solar cell based on their requirement in a one-diode model. In this article, a detailed study is provided about the circuit-based single-diode solar cell (SCSC) model and double-diode solar cell (DDSC) with different conditions done in MATLAB/Simulink. Both the SDSC and DDSC models are tested with different values of temperature, irradiation, and shunt resistance. This work helps the researchers study V-I and P-V characteristics of the PV solar cell clearly with different conditions. The outputs of SDSC and DDSC models are compared with simulation outputs. Effect of partial shading is also discussed to get a better idea.

Decentralized Model Reference Adaptive Control problems are investigated for a class of linear time-invariant two time-scale model, having fast and slow dynamics and unmatched interconnections. Design of full state feedback controller is a critical task to the system having interrelated dynamics and nonlinear interconnections of time varying lags, however, can be addressed by singular perturbation procedures and time scale modeling. In this research, full order observer-based state feedback control is designed to two-time scale system to ensure the stability of the closed loop system. Then, decentralized model reference adaptive controller with the novel reference model is designed to individual subsystems. It is found that the proposed design enforces the system states to track the reference state asymptotically. To investigate the proposed design, an example of drying process is considered. Simulation results are analyzed to confirm the efficacy of the proposed control scheme.

Constituting the agriculture solid substance manufacture, the post-harvest sector processing schema is direct to preventing reduce the losses in intelligent agriculture. Many processing schemata will be preventing post-harvest losses on the agriculture solid substance manufacture, especially sekai-ichi apple is the regularly used fruit also used to make active in human-related activities of the sensory and control function consisting of an agricultural industry. Sekai-ichi apple is being a definite number of diseases induce, but it is to the highest degree of wastage involving in the Post-Harvest process. Especially sekai-ichi apple count loss is an unsafe many time because it not critically post-harvest. Regardless of consideration, the existing hierarchical model specified post-harvest losses prevention research has deficiencies to precise and quick detection of wastage for ensuring healthy separation of agriculture surroundings. This paper suggests a “Hierarchical Model within Ontology Enabled IoT” for distinguishable healthy separation of sekai-ichi apple by using Boosted Continuous Non-spatial whole Attribute Extraction (BCNAE). Sekai-ichi apple count loss is always safe on critically post-harvest. Proposed Post-Harvest hierarchical model specified post-harvest losses prevention and deficiencies to precise and quick detection of wastage for ensuring healthy separation of agriculture surroundings. In these suggestions, the separation cognitive operation takes the three levels of processing schemes such as lower level, middle level, and higher level. Firstly, the lower level is express agreements with the dynamic functioning for maintaining the definite number of manual induces. This lower level showing an absorption with the activity of manual separation by the human reliability determination. Secondly, the middle level is an express arrangement with the dynamic functioning for reducing the overfitting and accommodate to fitting the right shape deliberation. Middle level is establishing being generalized by concentrating the time-varying features in the occurrence of a change for the worse identification. Finally, the upper level is express for features refining with the help of the function of sekai-ichi apple image segmentation connection. This interpretability process helps to make the proven position of a prominent classification in a particular fruit on the agriculture solid substance. These three processing flow constructs the ontology structure with manually collected sekai-ichi apple images from a 3D sensor. The observational consequences express that the proposed BCNAE framework recognizes a detection performance carrying out with an optimized—separation ratio for time-variant of the separation process.

In this paper, a mathematical model for internal transmission dynamics of HCV is formulated, based on the four-population immunized populace, an inoculated uncovered populace, recovered individual and immune response T cells populace. The model is analyzed by explicit numerical scheme i.e. Non Standard Finite Difference (NSFD) scheme preserve the monotonicity of solution irrespective of step size. Result are compared with conventional numerical scheme like Forward Euler’s method and RK-4. Unlike Forward Euler’s and RK-4 methods are failed for large time step; the proposed NSFD scheme is not only independent of time size but also conserve the stability of continuous dynamical behavior. Keywords: Epidemic, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, T cells, threshold parameter

The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors and challenges affecting women leadership in academics. The qualities that are required in women to lead in the 21st century is their ability to connect, collaborate, empathize, and communicate better. Women’s leadership with emphasis on encouragement and motivation of students is more than important in today’s world. It has been empirically proven that women leadership in institutions reflects better decisions that deliver better results through hardwork, improving Nation’s Education, Fair Supervision, building affiliation between employees, and working fast for the welfare of organization. Data is collected from different areas of Lahore and its surroundings. The qualitative approach was used and the cluster and random sampling technique was used to collect data. The questionnaire proforma included four questions and was distributed in different institutes of Lahore, Kabirwala. Nvivo software was used for the analysis of this data. Interviews were conducted in order to collect the data from the leaders and managerial staff of the institutes and organizations located in Lahore, Kabirwala, Pakistan. The study revealed that the male dominant culture, gender discrimination, misogyny, social trends, organizational culture, family culture and self-confidence of the women are some factors which cause the impediments to women in leadership. Keywords Women Leadership, Quality Culture, Gender Discrimination, Family Support

Objective: To compare the dexamethasone versus placebo efficacy in reducing hospital mortality in addition to antibiotics used to treat patients with bacterial meningitis. Study Design: A randomized control trial. Place and Duration: In the Medicine Unit 1 of DHQ Hospital Rawalpindi for six months duration from February 2019 to July 2019. Methods: In this study, non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Informed consent forms were taken from all patients. All patients received a Cefotaxime combination at a dose of 2gramIV for 8 hours and Vancomycin 1g IV for 12 hours. The volunteers were then distributed randomly into 2 groups using the lottery method. In group D, 10 mg of dexamethasone IV was given to patients for 4 days every 6-hourly and group P patients were not treated with dexamethasone with standard regimens. The patients were followed up during the hospital stay due to mortality. The data were classified according to age, sex, disease duration, and TLC at the time of admission to deal with the impact modifier. Chi-square test was performed after stratification. A value of Results: A total of 480 patients were selected for this analysis. The 40.98 ± 14.28 years was the patients mean age. The M/F ratio of the patients was 2: 1. In our study, mortality was seen in 55 patients (11.5%). There was a statistically substantial variation between the study and placebo groups in relations of mortality. Conclusion: Our study results concluded that dexamethasone was more effective in reducing hospital mortality in bacterial meningitis patients than in the placebo group. Keywords: antibiotic therapy, bacterial meningitis, dexamethasone, placebo, mortality.

Background: Kataria also Paedfusor are two authenticated TCI pharmacokinetic reproductions in pediatric people. Purpose of our current research remained to associate efficiency of those two dissimilar pharmacokinetic representations of target-controlled infusion in pediatric respondents throughout elective operation. Methodology: This existing research was conducted from September 2017 to August 2018 at Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. 4 respondents of ASA 1 and 2, aged 4-13-year-old, that experienced elective operation underneath GA, remained randomized into two sets; Set Kataria (Set K) (n = 22) also Set Paedfusor (Set P) (n = 22). Completely respondents primarily established 1 μg/kg filling quantity of venous remifentanil ended 1 min 18 secs in addition shadowed through distillation at 0.2-2 μg/kg/minute. Set K remained after underway by Kataria model at goal plasma absorption (Cpt) of 7 μg/ml, while Set P remained ongoing through Paedfusor model similarly at Cpt of 7 μg/ml. Accomplishment proportion of initiation also initiation period stayed noted. Anesthesia for mutually sets remained preserved at Cpt of 4-8 μg/ml. Afterwards conclusion of operation, remifentanil distillation in addition target-controlled infusion propofol remained stopped. Recovery period also plasma concentration (Cp) of propofol at retrieval remained noted. Results: Altogether respondents in equally sets remained effectively encouraged at Cpt of 7 μg/ml in addition initiation time remained similarly similar. Cp at recapture remained suggestively inferior in Set K than Set P; [2.6± 0.2 against 2.7 ± 0.2; p = 0.02]. Though, here remained not any substantial variance in period of salvage. Conclusions: Kataria in addition Paedfusor pharmacokinetic reproductions remained comparably effective for instruction of anesthesia also retrieval of pediatric respondents. Though, Cp at retrieval remained inferior in Kataria than Paedfusor model. Key words: Kataria; Paedfusor; Paedfusor pharmacokinetic classical; Remifentanil; Target measured Distillation.

Melasma is an acquired hypermelanosis of the skin usually affecting the face and other sun-exposed areas. There is no universally effective specific therapy for the disease and patients find it difficult to choose one treatment modality for them. The main objectives of this study was to determine the age of onset of melasma, treatment seeking behaviours and reasons for treating Melasma in the first place and for not complying with the treatment options for Melasma.A cross-sectional survey was conducted via a self-administered anonymous questionnaire on 100 conveniently selected melasma patients visiting Out Patient Department (OPD) of Sir Ganga Raam hospital Lahore. Out of 100 melasma patients; most being females, the average age of onset of Melasma was 26.42±7.664 years. As a treatment trend 14% sought treatment immediately after melasma while 32% sought no medical treatment/consultation. Cosmetic reason; looking good (72%) and social pressure (12%) contributed the most in seeking treatment for melasma. The most frequently used treatment modalities were; Bleaching agents (69%) and fairness creams (56%) while dermatologists ranked third. Patients used many treatments with less than required compliance to any with major reason being expenses (22%) and long duration of treatment (13%). Public awareness should be employed that melasma is a disease which has to be treated by a dermatologist, and not just a skin darkening to be treated by a lightening agent. Keywords: Melasma, treatment, Pakistan, dermatologist, beauty.

Objective: To estimate the hyperlipidemia frequency in patients of ischemic stroke. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: In the Medicine Unit II of Mayo Hospital Lahore for Six months duration from January 2019 to June 2019. Methods: One hundred and seventy-eight patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected through the Emergency Department after identification of stroke clinical features, including sudden dizziness, double vision or abnormal eye movement, eye weakness. It affects leg or arm or sensation loss due to pain and touch to the affected side confirmed on CT. Fasting lipid profile [serum triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and HDL], blood sugar levels, fasting lipid profile and levels of serum homocysteine were checked in all patients. Their results were recorded in the proforma. Results: The incidence of hyperlipidemia in our study was 37.1%. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 9.6% and hypertension was 10.1%. Conclusion: The incidence of hyperlipidemia was 37.1% in patients with ischemic stroke. Keywords: Ischemic stroke, hyperlipidemia, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides.

This article has been retracted at the request of the first and corresponding author, Dr. Karthik Chandran. The author has alerted the Editor-in-Chief of IJUFKS the reasons for the retraction: The proposed system was modelled with the incorrect data set. The system response has become incorrect because of this incorrect data set. Two percent of the information (mathematical assumptions) was taken from one paper without proper citation of the source.

Acoustic Sound Blankets are sculptural costumes/sound blankets that censor my body mass, replacing it with forms such as sound, song, and/or silhouette.

Extensive literature review revealed that, different recommender systems for E-learning were developed. A preliminary version of the development was undertaken and evaluated in an experiment during an introduction psychology course in an open university. The activities were integrated in to a model which operates on a network. No curriculum structure was assigned and the users were allowed to undergo learning activities in any order they wanted. Though voluminious work was reported on establishing bench marks for learning process on a wide range basis, there are only discrete references on developing a system comprising of a web-based typical learning environment which includes many aspects of learning such as course content delivery tools, synchronous and asynchronous conferencing systems, quiz models, grade reporting systems, creation of virtual class rooms. An attempt is made in this study to design and develop a Recommender System (RS), in the form of a software agent giving recommendations based on the previous observations. The developed RS suggests the applications of web mining techniques resulting in, on-line learning activities and improving the course material navigation. The proposed RS combines a top down ontology based recommendation techniques clubbed with bottom-up techniques. Both techniques were combined in the RS, which decided, which of the techniques is more suitable for the current situation in which a learner works. Finally the present work provides for recommendation strategies for a personal RS in E-learning models for life long learners. The major contribution of the present work lies, in designing and developing a RS in the form of a software agent, incorporating web mining techniques resulting in, on-line learning activities, such as course content delivery tools, conferencing systems, creation of virtual class rooms.