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Background: Basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Case Presentation: A 53-year-old man from Saudi Arabia with a known history of diverticulosis presented with severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. A CT scan revealed circumferential wall thickening of the descending and sigmoid colon with surrounding fat stranding, suggesting a diagnosis of complicated diverticulitis. Additional thick fluid was observed around the affected area. Surgical excision was pursued. A gross examination of two received large bowel segments disclosed marked ulcerated mucosa and wall thickening with exudate-covered serosal surfaces and adhesions. Microscopic examination unveiled significant infiltration by eosinophils, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and granulomatous inflammation. Thin-walled, broad fungal hyphae of Basidiobolus, surrounded by eosinophilic material, were identified. Granulomas displayed abundant multinucleated giant cells and palisading histiocytes around central necrosis or abscess formation. Thin-walled, broad fungal hyphae of Basidiobolus, with sparse septations, are surrounded by a radiating, intensely eosinophilic cuff (Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon). These hyphae, visible with hematoxylin and eosin staining, were further highlighted with periodic acid-Schiff and Gomori methenamine silver staining. Discussion: Basidiobolomycosis may mimic neoplastic lesions. Histologically, the characteristic features include broad, thin-walled septate hyphae surrounded by eosinophilic material, a finding that is accentuated by the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. Microscopic examination, along with special stains such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Gomori methenamine silver, is essential for accurate diagnosis. Conclusion: Prompt recognition and appropriate antifungal therapy are vital for favorable patient outcomes. This report highlights the distinctive features of Basidiobolomycosis to raise awareness and understanding of this infrequent yet clinically significant fungal infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis is an unusual fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum, a saprophytic fungus primarily found in soil and decaying vegetables. Basidiobolomycosis typically presents as a chronic subcutaneous swelling and rarely infects the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the infrequency of gastrointestinal infections, along with nonspecific clinical symptoms, often results in misdiagnosed cases and delays in treatment. In this article, we report the case of a 68-year-old male with gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis masquerading as metastatic cancer. We focus on the use of radiological imaging modalities and histopathological analysis to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of this rare gastrointestinal infection.

Basidiobolus ranarum is a saprophyte that can be found in soil, rotting vegetables, and frogs' digestive tracts. Clinically, basidiobolomycosis presents as a persistent infection of subcutaneous tissue affecting the trunk and extremities in an immunocompetent host. We describe a case of subcutaneous basidiobolomycosis in a 56-year-old immunocompetent woman farmer by occupation residing at remote part of central India. This study highlights the traumatic implantation and zoonotic potential of fungal species. Clinical suspicion of fungal etiology and timely mycology laboratory diagnostic support is key to address such cases. This case is documented to emphasize the problems of compliance to treatment specially in remote and poor patients challenging the treatment with complete cure. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is a rare fungal infection caused by the Basidiobolus ranarum , and it possesses a significant challenge to diagnose it as it presents with non-specific symptoms that often mimic cancer. Herein, we report a case of GIB in a 51-year-old male from the central region of Saudi Arabia, a non-endemic region of GIB, which was initially misdiagnosed as colon cancer. A 51-year-old man presented with abdominal pain for two-months, non-bloody diarrhea, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Abdominal examination revealed a large mass measuring ~10x15cm. Radiological findings prompted the diagnosis of a colon mass, and the patient was surgically treated under that impression. Hemicolectomy and end colostomy with mucous fistula from distal sigmoid stump were done. Histopathology was consistent with GIB. The diagnosis of GIB presents a serious challenge and requires a high index of clinical suspicion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basidiobolus ranarum is a saprophyte that can be found in soil, rotting vegetables, and frogs' digestive tracts. Clinically, basidiobolomycosis presents as a persistent infection of subcutaneous tissue affecting the trunk and extremities in an immunocompetent host. We describe a case of subcutaneous basidiobolomycosis in a 56-year-old immunocompetent woman farmer by occupation residing at remote part of central India. This study highlights the traumatic implantation and zoonotic potential of fungal species. Clinical suspicion of fungal etiology and timely mycology laboratory diagnostic support is key to address such cases. This case is documented to emphasize the problems of compliance to treatment specially in remote and poor patients challenging the treatment with complete cure. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Basidiobolus ranarum belongs to the Entomophthorales order and the Zygomycetes class. This fungus is an environmental saprophyte that can be found in soil and rotting vegetables.Primarily restricted to tropical regions including Asia, Africa, and South America. It might cause chronic inflammatory diseases, mostly affect subcutaneous tissue. Systemic infections involving the gastrointestinal tract are extremely rare. Case presentation Herein, we present a 44-year-old Persian man with the past medical history of lupus erythematosus with colicky abdominal pain started from three months before admission with many vomiting episodes, and a mass on the right lower quadrant, who had been thought initially to have an abdominal malignancy. The patient had vital signs were within normal ranges. His physical examination revealed tenderness and rebound tenderness on the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. A fixed mass 10 × 10 centimeter in diameter was palpated in the same quadrant. Laboratory, radiologic, colonoscopic examination was requested. The patient underwent laparotomy which revealed a mass in the terminal ileum and ascending colon with retroperitoneal adhesion and invasion to the right ureter behind it. Pathologic examination showed basidiobolomycosis infection in the specimen. Conclusion Fungal infection should be among the differential diagnoses for adults present with abdominal mass in endemic regions of the world.

Subcutaneous zygomycosis is a rare deep fungal infection caused by a group of fungus belonging to the order Entomophtharales. It is a saprophytic fungus and the predominant species causing the infection includes Basidiobolus ranarum and Conidiobolus coronatus. We, hereby, report a case of a 17-month-old female child who presented with a painless, solitary, woody hard enlarging mass which was disfiguring the left side of the face for 6 months. After our complete workup, a diagnosis of subcutaneous zygomycosis was made. The patient was managed on syrup Itraconazole and potassium iodide drops. The patient responded to the trreatment remarkably. We would like to present our take on workup and treatment of a solitary painless enlarging mass on the face in a child.

Background: Basidiobolus ranarum belongs to the Entomophthorales order and the Zygomycetes class. This fungus is an environmental saprophyte that can be found in soil and rotting vegetables.Primarily restricted to tropical regions including Asia, Africa, and South America. It might cause chronic inflammatory diseases, mostly affect subcutaneous tissue. Systemic infections involving the gastrointestinal tract are extremely rare.Case Presentation: Herein, we present a 44-year-old Persian man with the past medical history of lupus erythematosus with colicky abdominal pain started from three months before admission with many vomiting episodes, and a mass on the right lower quadrant, who had been thought initially to have an abdominal malignancy. The patient had vital signs were within normal ranges. His physical examination revealed tenderness and rebound tenderness on the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. A fixed mass 10 × 10 centimeter in diameter was palpated in the same quadrant. Laboratory, radiologic, colonoscopic examination was requested. The patient underwent laparotomy which revealed a mass in the terminal ileum and ascending colon with retroperitoneal adhesion and invasion to the right ureter behind it. Pathologic examination showed basidiobolomycosis infection in the specimen.Conclusion: Fungal infection should be among the differential diagnoses for adults present with abdominal mass in endemic regions of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subcutaneous zygomycosis is a rare deep fungal infection caused by a group of fungus belonging to the order Entomophtharales. It is a saprophytic fungus and the predominant species causing the infection includes Basidiobolus ranarum and Conidiobolus coronatus. We, hereby, report a case of a 17-month-old female child who presented with a painless, solitary, woody hard enlarging mass which was disfiguring the left side of the face for 6 months. After our complete workup, a diagnosis of subcutaneous zygomycosis was made. The patient was managed on syrup Itraconazole and potassium iodide drops. The patient responded to the trreatment remarkably. We would like to present our take on workup and treatment of a solitary painless enlarging mass on the face in a child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basidiobolomycosis or subcutaneous zygomycosis or subcutaneous phycomycosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue, caused by a saprophytic filamentous fungus, Basidiobolus ranarum, clinically characterized by firm, painless subcutaneous swelling with smooth and rounded edges. Histopathological features include the peculiar Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon. Culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar shows creamy white, heaped up, and furrowed colonies. This entity has been reported from tropical and subtropical regions of the world and the southern part of India. We report a case of Basidiobolomycosis in a seven-year-old girl from Eastern India, which was excised twice before presenting to us. We diagnosed the case as Basidiobolomycosis based on clinical features, histopathology, and culture findings, and treated it with itraconazole.

Abstract A 7‐year‐old castrated male French Bulldog was examined for chronic large intestinal enteropathy. A colonic mass and thickened rectal mucosa were identified, and histopathologic examination of endoscopic biopsy specimens disclosed eosinophilic proctitis with large (5‐20 μm), irregularly shaped, pauciseptate hyphae that were Gomori methenamine silver and periodic acid‐Schiff positive. Amplification and sequencing of ribosomal DNA extracted from paraffin‐embedded tissues yielded a sequence with 97% identity to GenBank sequences for Basidiobolus ranarum. After itraconazole, terbinafine, and prednisone administration, clinical signs resolved rapidly, and sonographic lesions were largely absent after 6 weeks. Treatment was discontinued by the owner 15 weeks after diagnosis. Three weeks later, the dog collapsed acutely and was euthanized. Necropsy identified metastatic islet cell carcinoma and grossly unremarkable colorectal tissues. However, histopathology of the rectum disclosed multifocal submucosal granulomas with intralesional hyphae morphologically similar to those previously observed. This report is the first to describe medical treatment of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis in a dog.

Basidiobolomycosis, a rare fungal infection seen in immunocompetent patients, is a chronic granulomatous infection affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is caused by the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum . Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis usually has non-specific clinical manifestations, and its diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. In pediatric patients, any delay or misdiagnosis may lead to morbidity and or mortality. Herein, we report three cases of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis from the southern region of Saudi Arabia. The three patients were diagnosed based on histopathology results and computed tomography of the abdomen, with different pathological sites with multiple gastrointestinal tract involvement. Case one was a five-year-old male patient complaining of abdominal pain lasting seven months, weight loss, and fever, with computed tomography (CT) showing involvement of the liver and bowels. Case two was a five-year-old male patient complaining of a fever lasting one month associated with generalized abdominal pain, with CT abdomen showing involvement of the liver, colon, cecum, and mesenteric lymph node. Case three was a seven-year-old female patient complaining of abdominal pain lasting one month, with a CT abdomen showing involvement of the colon and terminal ilium accompanied by mesenteric lymph node involvement. In all three cases, the CT abdomen findings showed involvement of the bowel. All three cases were treated successfully with antifungal monotherapy (itraconazole) without surgical intervention, and all responded well. The aim of this case series was to show the importance of early management for improved outcomes in such cases and to highlight how a diagnosis of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis requires a high index of suspicion due to its broad range of clinical presentation. In addition, medical management with itraconazole can be curative without the need for surgical intervention., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Mohammed et al.)

Subcutaneous phycomycosis is a chronic deep fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum, which usually occurs in children, predominantly affecting males. Herein, we report subcutaneous phycomycosis in a 3-year-old boy who presented with a gradually progressive painless swelling over the anterior abdomen of 20-day duration. Lesional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of subcutaneous phycomycosis which revealed multiple well-defined granulomas composed of histiocytes, epithelioid cells, and multinucleate giant cells with broad nonseptate hyphae stained with Gomori methenamine silver stain. The child was managed with a saturated solution of potassium iodide which completely melted the swelling.

Basidiobolus ranarum is an uncommon pathogen in ocular infections. It has been previously reported from subcutaneous and gastrointestinal infections. Here, we report a rare case of ocular infection caused by B. ranarum. A 21-year-old male patient presented with visual loss and pain in the right eye due to corneal abscess following an injury while welding. KOH mount performed was indicative of fungal hyphae. Fungal culture revealed growth of B. ranarum. Meanwhile, the patient was treated with antifungal (topical natamycin and oral ketoconazole) along with total corneal transplantation. B. ranarum is a fungus very uncommonly causing ocular pathogenesis. This results in diagnostic confusion leading to poor treatment outcomes. Hence, a mycology laboratory has to be aware about this fungus and need to consider it as a differential diagnosis in patients with infectious corneal abscess.

Abstract Objective The purpose of our study was to describe the histological diagnosed of the Basidiobolomycosis cases from 1990 to 2017 (28 years) in the only Pathology Anatomy Laboratory in Togo. Results A total of 12 cases of suspected Basidiobolomycosis have been identified. The sex ratio (M/F) was 2. The average age of the patients was 24.8 ± 1.6 years. Six patients (6/12) had a pathological history: HIV infection (n = 4 cases) and tuberculosis (n = 2 cases). The clinical manifestations were localized to pure skin (n = 9 cases), skin and mucous digestive (n = 2 cases) and disseminated (n = 1 cases). Direct mycological examination and culture in 4 patients was positive in 3 patients. The samples examined consisted of 11 cutaneous biopsies measuring 1–3 cm and a biopsy of the intestinal mucosa. Histology showed granulomatous inflammation of the dermohypodermal site with numerous giant cells associated with eosinophilic polynuclear cells, in which there are 5–7 mm non-septate, irregular mycelial filaments. Patients were treated with ketoconazole at a dose of 10 mg/kg daily. The progression of the patients’ condition was favorable after 4 weeks of treatment with a regression of the closets size. Patients were completely healed after 8 weeks of treatment, without recurrence after 6 months. No deaths have been recorded.

Background: Ocular basidiobolomycosis is an unusual infection caused by fungus of the order Entomophthorales. This fungus has been previously reported as a common cause of skin, subcutaneous, and gastrointestinal tract infection. The fungus isolation and its typical characteristics are clues for diagnosis of this uncommon pathogen. Case Report: A 47-year-old male patient with nodular scleritis in the left eye after an eye injury from sawdust was treated as bacterial scleritis. The lesion improved with early surgical drainage and antibacterial therapy; then, he was discharged from the hospital. Thereafter, the patient was re-admitted due to progression of infectious scleritis with keratitis and orbital cellulitis. Surgical abscess drainage was performed again. The microbiological study demonstrated Basidiobolus ranarum. The patient was treated with topical ketoconazole, subconjunctival fluconazole injection, and oral itraconazole with partial response to the treatment. However, the patient eventually denied any further treatment and did not return for follow-up. Conclusions: B. ranarum is a rare pathogen of ocular infection in which a definite diagnosis requires isolation of the causative organism. Delay in diagnosis and appropriate treatment can lead to extension of the infection and poor outcomes.

Basidiobolomycosis or subcutaneous zygomycosis or subcutaneous phycomycosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue, caused by a saprophytic filamentous fungus, Basidiobolus ranarum, clinically characterized by firm, painless subcutaneous swelling with smooth and rounded edges. Histopathological features include the peculiar Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon. Culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar shows creamy white, heaped up, and furrowed colonies. This entity has been reported from tropical and subtropical regions of the world and the southern part of India. We report a case of Basidiobolomycosis in a seven-year-old girl from Eastern India, which was excised twice before presenting to us. We diagnosed the case as Basidiobolomycosis based on clinical features, histopathology, and culture findings, and treated it with itraconazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Colon Obstruction Due to Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis is extremely rare. • A fungal vascular invasion with tumor affecting multiple organ may present a challenging clinical situation. • Early surgical resection remains the treatment of choice and plays a potentially curative role. Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is an uncommon fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum , with less than 80 cases reported in the literature. A 36-year-old woman presented with colicky upper abdominal pain for 2 months and inability to pass stool for 2 days. Computed tomography of the abdomen and colonoscopy both showed a mass in the transverse colon. Colonoscopic biopsy suggested a zygomycosis. Laparotomy revealed a perforated mass in the transverse colon; the mass also involved the small bowel and stomach. En bloc resection was performed, and the incision was closed for a second-look procedure. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit and placed on a ventilator and inotropes; however, her condition deteriorated, and she died on day 24 post admission. The histopathology report (obtained after the patient's death) was consistent with GIB. Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis presents with nonspecific signs and symptoms and so the diagnosis is easily missed or delayed. Timely, accurate diagnosis is crucially important, especially when there is intestinal obstruction and sepsis. Persistent severe abdominal pain in a patient with neutropenia should alert the physician to the possibility of a fungal infection. There are reports from several countries of basidiobolomycosis in immunocompetent hosts. The disease shows no age predilection, but males may be more susceptible. Treatment is with surgical debridement and antifungal drugs—ideally the lipid formulation of amphotericin B. Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis is a rare infection that can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated early. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 7‐year‐old castrated male French Bulldog was examined for chronic large intestinal enteropathy. A colonic mass and thickened rectal mucosa were identified, and histopathologic examination of endoscopic biopsy specimens disclosed eosinophilic proctitis with large (5‐20 μm), irregularly shaped, pauciseptate hyphae that were Gomori methenamine silver and periodic acid‐Schiff positive. Amplification and sequencing of ribosomal DNA extracted from paraffin‐embedded tissues yielded a sequence with 97% identity to GenBank sequences for Basidiobolus ranarum. After itraconazole, terbinafine, and prednisone administration, clinical signs resolved rapidly, and sonographic lesions were largely absent after 6 weeks. Treatment was discontinued by the owner 15 weeks after diagnosis. Three weeks later, the dog collapsed acutely and was euthanized. Necropsy identified metastatic islet cell carcinoma and grossly unremarkable colorectal tissues. However, histopathology of the rectum disclosed multifocal submucosal granulomas with intralesional hyphae morphologically similar to those previously observed. This report is the first to describe medical treatment of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis in a dog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subcutaneous zygomycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. This entity is usually endemic in South India and only limited numbers of cases have been reported from central India. We report a case of 4-year-old male child from Chhattisgarh, who presented with a painless, non-tender, large, subcutaneous swelling of 4 months duration on the right upper arm, which was initially misdiagnosed as benign spindle cell tumor and advised surgical resection. But the fungal culture of the affected tissue grown Basidiobolus ranarum and the child responded very well to itraconazole therapy only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pythiosis, a life-threatening disease caused by Pythium insidiosum, has been increasingly diagnosed worldwide. A recently developed immunochromatographic test (ICT) enables the rapid diagnosis of pythiosis. During the 3-year clinical implementation of ICT in Thailand, we collected the laboratory reports of 38 animals with suspected pythiosis and detected ICT false-positive results in three horses and a dog with basidiobolomycosis. P. insidiosum and Basidiobolus ranarum cause infections with indistinguishable clinical and microscopic features. This study investigated cross-reactive antibodies by probing P. insidiosum and B. ranarum crude extracts and cell-free synthesized I06 protein (encoded in P. insidiosum genome, not other fungi) against a panel of pythiosis, basidiobolomycosis, rabbit anti-I06 peptide, and control sera by Western blot analyses. ICT false-positive results occurred from the cross-reactivity of anti-B. ranarum antibodies to the 15, 50, 60, and 120 kDa proteins of P. insidiosum, not double infections caused by both pathogens. Notably, ICT could help to screen pythiosis, and the positive test requires confirmation by culture or molecular method. The detection specificity of ICT requires improvement. The crude extract containing multispecies antigens needs replacement with a refined P. insidiosum-specific protein. We proposed that the 55 kDa I06 protein is an excellent candidate for developing a more specific serodiagnostic test for pythiosis.

Subcutaneous phycomycosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Phycomycosis due to B. ranarum is sporadic in nature with a few case reports from South India. The disease usually occurs in children, predominantly affecting males. Diagnosis is based on histopathology and culture. We herewith report a case of subcutaneous phycomycosis in a 12-year-old male child who presented with multiple painless swellings involving the right buttock and thigh which was misdiagnosed and treated with surgical resection and antituberculous therapy with no response by local doctors. Subsequently, we made a diagnosis of subcutaneous phycomycosis, and he was started on itraconazole therapy that has resulted in complete resolution.

Subcutaneous phycomycosis is a chronic deep fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum, which usually occurs in children, predominantly affecting males. Herein, we report subcutaneous phycomycosis in a 3-year-old boy who presented with a gradually progressive painless swelling over the anterior abdomen of 20-day duration. Lesional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of subcutaneous phycomycosis which revealed multiple well-defined granulomas composed of histiocytes, epithelioid cells, and multinucleate giant cells with broad nonseptate hyphae stained with Gomori methenamine silver stain. The child was managed with a saturated solution of potassium iodide which completely melted the swelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ocular basidiobolomycosis is an unusual infection caused by fungus of the order Entomophthorales. This fungus has been previously reported as a common cause of skin, subcutaneous, and gastrointestinal tract infection. The fungus isolation and its typical characteristics are clues for diagnosis of this uncommon pathogen. Case Report: A 47-year-old male patient with nodular scleritis in the left eye after an eye injury from sawdust was treated as bacterial scleritis. The lesion improved with early surgical drainage and antibacterial therapy; then, he was discharged from the hospital. Thereafter, the patient was re-admitted due to progression of infectious scleritis with keratitis and orbital cellulitis. Surgical abscess drainage was performed again. The microbiological study demonstrated Basidiobolus ranarum. The patient was treated with topical ketoconazole, subconjunctival fluconazole injection, and oral itraconazole with partial response to the treatment. However, the patient eventually denied any further treatment and did not return for follow-up. Conclusions:B. ranarum is a rare pathogen of ocular infection in which a definite diagnosis requires isolation of the causative organism. Delay in diagnosis and appropriate treatment can lead to extension of the infection and poor outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is an unusual, rare, but emerging fungal infection in the stomach, small intestine, colon, and liver. It has been rarely reported in the English literature and most of the reported cases have been from US, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Iran. In the last five years, 17 cases have been reported from one or two provinces in Iran, and it seems that it has been undiagnosed or probably unnoticed in other parts of the country. In this review, we explored the English literature from 1964 through 2013 via PubMed, Google, and Google scholar using the following search keywords: 1) Basidiobolomycosis 2) Basidiobolus ranarum 3) Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis In this review, we attempted to collect all clinical, pathological, and radiological findings of the presenting patients; complemented with previous experiences regarding the treatment and prognosis of the GIB. Since 1964, only 71 cases have been reported, which will be fully described in terms of clinical presentations, methods of diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis and follow up.

Basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal disorder mostly restricted to the arid regions of US and the middle-eastern countries. We report an unusual case of this rare infection of the colon in a 45-year immunocompetent male with a rare fungus Basidiobolus ranarum managed successfully with surgery and antifungals. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of gastrointestinal infection with B. ranarum in an immunocompetent individual, reported from India.

Zygomycosis is an acute or chronic infection caused by several fungal agents belonging to the phylum Zygomycota. These are saprophytic fungi and are found ubiquitously in the environment. These are emerging highly opportunistic pathogenic organisms. Basidiobolus ranarum (B. haptosporus, B. meristoporus) is a fungus belonging to the order Entomophthorales under the family Zygomycota. Basidiobolomycosis is a predominantly subcutaneous infection involving the trunk and limbs in immunocompetent hosts. We hereby report a case of Basidiobolomycosis from the Department of Microbiology, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada in a 6 month old child who presented to us with a painless swelling over her left knee following an insect bite.

Pochi sono gli studi su micosi profonde come la basidiobolomicosi; scopo di questo lavoro è di determinare gli aspetti epidemiologici e clinici e discutere la terapia della malattia in Costa d'Avorio. Si tratta di uno studio retrospettivo su 20 casi di basidiobolomicosi diagnosticati in un periodo di 20 anni. L'età dei pazienti oscilla fra 3 e 15 anni, in media 7 anni; i maschi prevalgono (2:1); le lesioni riedono di solito sugli arti inferiori. La diagnosi viene fatta in base all'esame istologico e micologico; la sierologia per retrovirus è negativa in tutti i pazienti. La terapia con ketoconazolo o itraconazolo per 4-6 mesi porta a guarigione in tutti i casi. La basidiobolomicosi del bambino è una condizione rara ma probabilmente sottodiagnosticata in Costa d'Avorio. La malattia dovrebbe essere nota a tutti i medici generici perché il suo trattamento è relativamente semplice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subcutaneous entomophthoromycoses is a zygomycosis caused by Basidiobolus ranarum that is endemic in southern India. We report the case of a 63-year-old male from central India who presented with a nontender subcutaneous hyperpigmented plaque on his leg with mild discharge that yielded Basidiobolus ranarum.

Subcutaneous Zygomycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Though this entity is endemic in South India, limited numbers of cases have been reported from this part of the country. We report a case of subcutaneous zygomycosis in a 25 year old lady who presented with a nontender, firm to hard swelling over the upper-left arm. Finger was easily inserted below the indurated edge. Histopathology revealed suppurative granuloma with aseptate hyphae. Patient responded excellently to saturated solution of potassium iodide in subsequent visits.

Distinguishing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from its mimics remains a diagnostic challenge for surgical pathologists. Several gastrointestinal infections produce inflammatory patterns that overlap with typical findings of IBD. Although stool culture, PCR, and other clinical assays may identify infectious enterocolitides, these tests may not be performed or the results may be unavailable at the time of histologic evaluation. Furthermore, some clinical tests, including stool PCR, may reflect past exposure rather than an ongoing infection. It is important for surgical pathologists to be knowledgeable about infections that simulate IBD to generate an accurate differential diagnosis, perform appropriate ancillary studies, and prompt clinical follow-up. This review covers bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections in the differential diagnosis of IBD., (Copyright © 2023 United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Basidiobolomycosis caused byBasidiobolus ranarumis a rare infection of the subcutaneous tissues in immune-competent patients which occurs predominantly in children and young adults. Primary physicians often misdiagnose the condition owing to its slow, painless, relentless growth, absence of response to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs and unfamiliarity with this lesion. All cases of subcutaneous basidiobolomycosis in children aged between 1 and 12 years presenting at a tertiary hospital in Pondicherry over a period of 4 years (2007–2011) were analysed. Eight cases were seen and confirmed by histopathology and microbiology. Referral diagnoses varied widely from chronic abscess to tuberculosis to malignancy, including testicular tumour. Lesion sites include the gluteal region, thigh and scrotum (extremely rare). Four weeks of oral itraconazole in seven children and fluconazole (5 mg/kg) in one cured them completely. During follow-up for over 1 year, no recurrence or new lesions were noted. Basidiobolomycosis is a rare, often misdiagnosed infection in children which responds well to triazole antifungals such as itraconazole and fluconazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal disease caused by Basidiobolus ranarum , which is an environmental saprophyte. It is a chronic inflammatory disease that is generally restricted to the subcutaneous tissue and rarely involves the gastrointestinal tract. With the intent to spread awareness of this potentially life threatening and rare infection, we report a 4-year-old boy presenting with abdominal pain and fever with eventual diagnosis of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis. We discuss the nonspecific and confusing symptoms of this rare infection and available treatment options in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subcutaneous phycomycosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Phycomycosis due to B. ranarum is sporadic in nature with a few case reports from South India. The disease usually occurs in children, predominantly affecting males. Diagnosis is based on histopathology and culture. We herewith report a case of subcutaneous phycomycosis in a 12‑year‑old male child who presented with multiple painless swellings involving the right buttock and thigh which was misdiagnosed and treated with surgical resection and antituberculous therapy with no response by local doctors. Subsequently, we made a diagnosis of subcutaneous phycomycosis, and he was started on itraconazole therapy that has resulted in complete resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The authors describe a case of entomophthoromycosis in a previously healthy patient, who presented with an abscess in the right buttock. After surgical drainage it evolved into a retroperitoneal tumor. The patient improved clinically after resection of the mass and ketoconazole treatment. The histopathological analysis showed the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon, suggesting Basidiobolus ranarum infection, a zygomycosis generally restricted to the subcutaneous tissue, with rare gastrointestinal involvement.

Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is an unusual, rare, but emerging fungal infection in the stomach, small intestine, colon, and liver. It has been rarely reported in the English literature and most of the reported cases have been from US, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Iran. In the last five years, 17 cases have been reported from one or two provinces in Iran, and it seems that it has been undiagnosed or probably unnoticed in other parts of the country. In this review, we explored the English literature from 1964 through 2013 via PubMed, Google, and Google scholar using the following search keywords: 1) Basidiobolomycosis 2) Basidiobolus ranarum 3) Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis In this review, we attempted to collect all clinical, pathological, and radiological findings of the presenting patients; complemented with previous experiences regarding the treatment and prognosis of the GIB. Since 1964, only 71 cases have been reported, which will be fully described in terms of clinical presentations, methods of diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis and follow up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basidiobolomycosis is a rare disease due to fungus Basidiobolus ranarum, an environmental saprophyte that is found worldwide, though mainly reported in the tropical and subtropical regions. Basidiobolomycosis is an unusual fungal skin infection, rarely involves the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Most of the cases of paediatric GI basidiobolomycosis (GIB) were reported from the southern region of Saudi Arabia. We report an 11-year-old Saudi boy. He presented with a huge right lower quadrant abdominal mass and marked eosinophilia. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a large caecal mass. A biopsy was taken and it showed transmural granulomatous inflammation. A diagnosis of GIB was confirmed by specific features in histopathology. Most of the reported paediatric cases with GIB required adjuvant therapy of antifungal and surgical resection. In our case, treatment with voriconazole alone for 1 year was successful with complete recovery and with no recurrence after a year of discontinuing the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]