7 results on '"Baskin, Tobias Isaac"'
Search Results
2. The Hidden Geometries of the Arabidopsis thaliana Epidermis.
- Author
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Staff, Lee, Hurd, Patricia, Reale, Lara, Seoighe, Cathal, Rockwood, Alyn, Gehring, Chris, and Baskin, Tobias Isaac
- Subjects
GEOMETRIC analysis ,ARABIDOPSIS thaliana ,EPIDERMIS ,CYTOLOGICAL research ,TISSUES ,VORONOI polygons - Abstract
The quest for the discovery of mathematical principles that underlie biological phenomena is ancient and ongoing. We present a geometric analysis of the complex interdigitated pavement cells in the Arabidopsis thaliana (Col.) adaxial epidermis with a view to discovering some geometric characteristics that may govern the formation of this tissue. More than 2,400 pavement cells from 10, 17 and 24 day old leaves were analyzed. These interdigitated cells revealed a number of geometric properties that remained constant across the three age groups. In particular, the number of digits per cell rarely exceeded 15, irrespective of cell area. Digit numbers per 100 μm² cell area reduce with age and as cell area increases, suggesting early developmental programming of digits. Cell shape proportions as defined by length:width ratios were highly conserved over time independent of the size and, interestingly, both the mean and the medians were close to the golden ratio 1.618034. With maturity, the cell area:perimeter ratios increased from a mean of 2.0 to 2.4. Shape properties as defined by the medial axis transform (MAT) were calculated and revealed that branch points along the MAT typically comprise one large and two small angles. These showed consistency across the developmental stages considered here at 140° (± 5°) for the largest angles and 110° (μ 5°) for the smaller angles. Voronoi diagram analyses of stomatal center coordinates revealed that giant pavement cells (≥500 μm°) tend to be arranged along Voronoi boundaries suggesting that they could function as a scaffold of the epidermis. In addition, we propose that pavement cells have a role in spacing and positioning of the stomata in the growing leaf and that they do so by growing within the limits of a set of 'geometrical rules.' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The Mitochondrial Phosphate Transporters Modulate Plant Responses to Salt Stress via Affecting ATP and Gibberellin Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Author
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Wei Zhu, Qing Miao, Dan Sun, Guodong Yang, Changai Wu, Jinguang Huang, Chengchao Zheng, and Baskin, Tobias Isaac
- Subjects
PHOSPHATE transport proteins ,ADENOSINE triphosphatase ,PLANT cells & tissues ,GIBBERELLINS ,GENES ,ARABIDOPSIS thaliana ,MESSENGER RNA ,ATRACTYLOSIDE - Abstract
The mitochondrial phosphate transporter (MPT) plays crucial roles in ATP production in plant cells. Three MPT genes have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we report that the mRNA accumulations of AtMPTs were up-regulated by high salinity stress in A. thaliana seedlings. And the transgenic lines overexpressing AtMPTs displayed increased sensitivity to salt stress compared with the wild-type plants during seed germination and seedling establishment stages. ATP content and energy charge was higher in overexpressing plants than those in wild-type A. thaliana under salt stress. Accordingly, the salt- sensitive phenotype of overexpressing plants was recovered after the exogenous application of atractyloside due to the change of ATP content. Interestingly, Genevestigator survey and qRT-PCR analysis indicated a large number of genes, including those related to gibberellin synthesis could be regulated by the energy availability change under stress conditions in A. thaliana. Moreover, the exogenous application of uniconazole to overexpressing lines showed that gibberellin homeostasis was disturbed in the overexpressors. Our studies reveal a possible link between the ATP content mediated by AtMPTs and gibberellin metabolism in responses to high salinity stress in A. thaliana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. AN ACTION SPECTRUM IN THE BLUE and ULTRAVIOLET FOR PHOTOTROPISM IN ALFALFA.
- Author
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Baskin, Tobias Isaac and Iino, Moritoshi
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- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Doves in false garb
- Author
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BASKIN, TOBIAS ISAAC, primary
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. NMR spectroscopy analysis reveals differential metabolic responses in arabidopsis roots and leaves treated with a cytokinesis inhibitor
- Author
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Florence Zakharov, Minmin Wang, Thomas Wilkop, Jaideep Singh, Angelo Schuabb Heringer, Viswanathan V Krishnan, Georgia Drakakaki, and Baskin, Tobias Isaac
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Leaves ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Cell division ,Cancer Treatment ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,Quinolones ,Spectrum analysis techniques ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Plant Roots ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Metabolites ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Chemistry ,Plant Biochemistry ,Plant Anatomy ,Eukaryota ,Cell plate ,Plants ,Cell biology ,Experimental Organism Systems ,Oncology ,Metabolome ,Medicine ,Research Article ,General Science & Technology ,Science ,Arabidopsis Thaliana ,Cytokine Therapy ,Brassica ,Research and Analysis Methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Metabolomics ,Model Organisms ,NMR spectroscopy ,Plant and Algal Models ,Cytokinesis ,Callose ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Plant Leaves ,030104 developmental biology ,Metabolism ,Cytoplasm ,Seedlings ,Animal Studies ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
In plant cytokinesis,de novoformation of a cell plate evolving into the new cell wall partitions the cytoplasm of the dividing cell. In our earlier chemical genomics studies, we identified and characterized the small molecule endosidin-7, that specifically inhibits callose deposition at the cell plate, arresting late-stage cytokinesis in arabidopsis. Endosidin-7 has emerged as a very valuable tool for dissecting this essential plant process. To gain insights regarding its mode of action and the effects of cytokinesis inhibition on the overall plant response, we investigated the effect of endosidin-7 through a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) metabolomics approach. In this case study, metabolomics profiles of arabidopsis leaf and root tissues were analyzed at different growth stages and endosidin-7 exposure levels. The results show leaf and root-specific metabolic profile changes and the effects of endosidin-7 treatment on these metabolomes. Statistical analyses indicated that the effect of endosidin-7 treatment was more significant than the developmental impact. The endosidin-7 induced metabolic profiles suggest compensations for cytokinesis inhibition in central metabolism pathways. This study further shows that long-term treatment of endosidin-7 profoundly changes, likely via alteration of hormonal regulation, the primary metabolism of arabidopsis seedlings. Hormonal pathway-changes are likely reflecting the plant’s responses, compensating for the arrested cell division, which in turn are leading to global metabolite modulation. The presented NMR spectral data are made available through the Metabolomics Workbench, providing a reference resource for the scientific community.
- Published
- 2020
7. Developmental morphology of cover crop species exhibit contrasting behaviour to changes in soil bulk density, revealed by X-ray computed tomography
- Author
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Jasmine Burr-Hersey, Sacha J. Mooney, A. Glyn Bengough, Karl Ritz, Stefan Mairhofer, and Baskin, Tobias Isaac
- Subjects
Crops, Agricultural ,0106 biological sciences ,Time Factors ,Bulk soil ,lcsh:Medicine ,Root system ,Plant Roots ,01 natural sciences ,Soil ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,Botany ,lcsh:Science ,Cover crop ,2. Zero hunger ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,Correction ,Soil chemistry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,Bulk density ,Tillage ,Soil structure ,Agricultural soil science ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,lcsh:Q ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Porosity ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Plant roots growing through soil typically encounter considerable structural heterogeneity, and local variations in soil dry bulk density. The way the in situ architecture of root systems of different species respond to such heterogeneity is poorly understood due to challenges in visualising roots growing in soil. The objective of this study was to visualise and quantify the impact of abrupt changes in soil bulk density on the roots of three cover crop species with contrasting inherent root morphologies, viz. tillage radish (Raphanus sativus), vetch (Vicia sativa) and black oat (Avena strigosa). The species were grown in soil columns containing a two-layer compaction treatment featuring a 1.2 g cm-3 (uncompacted) zone overlaying a 1.4 g cm-3 (compacted) zone. Three-dimensional visualisations of the root architecture were generated via X-ray computed tomography, and an automated root-segmentation imaging algorithm. Three classes of behaviour were manifest as a result of roots encountering the compacted interface, directly related to the species. For radish, there was switch from a single tap-root to multiple perpendicular roots which penetrated the compacted zone, whilst for vetch primary roots were diverted more horizontally with limited lateral growth at less acute angles. Black oat roots penetrated the compacted zone with no apparent deviation. Smaller root volume, surface area and lateral growth were consistently observed in the compacted zone in comparison to the uncompacted zone across all species. The rapid transition in soil bulk density had a large effect on root morphology that differed greatly between species, with major implications for how these cover crops will modify and interact with soil structure.
- Published
- 2017
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