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266 results on '"Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)"'

1. Infants' Perception of Repetition-Based Regularities in Speech: a Look from the Perspective of the Same/Different Distinction

Author: Judit Gervain, Irene de la Cruz-Pavía, European Commission, Centre Neurosciences intégratives et Cognition (INCC - UMR 8002), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Department of General Linguistics and Basque Studies, University of the Basque Country, Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, 050105 experimental psychology, capacity for learning repetition, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, rules from speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, animal pictures, abstract geometrical shapes, media_common, Repetition (rhetorical device), infants, 05 social sciences, Perspective (graphical), Same different, Musical tone, Psychiatry and Mental health, musical tones, Psychology, faces under some conditions, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology, Diversity (business)
Abstract: We review the existing evidence, behavioral and neural, of infants' ability to encode repetition- ('same') and diversity-('different') based regularities in speech. These studies show that, from birth, infants exhibit a robust capacity for learning repetition-based rules from speech (e.g. AAB or ABA, in which A = A). Further, the ability to generalize such repetition-based structures is not strictly language-specific, as infants' extract repetition-based structures from musical tones, animal pictures, abstract geometrical shapes, or faces under some conditions. However, this capacity is strongest when presented with speech or other communicative/meaningful stimuli. Additionally and importantly, recent brain-imaging studies suggest that by six months of age, infants also distinctly encode the notion of difference in speech stimuli. This is the youngest age at which this ability has been shown This work was supported by the ERC Consolidator Grant "BabyRhythm" nr. 773202 to JG, and the Basque Foundation for Science Ikerbasque and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [Grant nr. PID2019-105100RJ-I00] to IdlCP
Published: 2021

2. On a unifying product form framework for redundancy models

Author: Ina Maria Verloop, Tejas Bodas, Urtzi Ayesta, Basque Foundation for Science ( Ikerbasque ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés ( LAAS-SARA ), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes [Toulouse] ( LAAS ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universidad del País Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systèmes - LAAS (Toulouse, France), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)
Subjects: Exponential distribution, Redundancy-d, Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Generalization, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Combinatorics, 010104 statistics & probability, Redundancy (information theory), Architectures Matérielles, Server, Cancel-on-start, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), 0101 mathematics, Queue, [ INFO.INFO-RO ] Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Mathematics, 020203 distributed computing, 021103 operations research, Stationary distribution, business.industry, Product-form distribution, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Queueing system, Systèmes embarqués, [ INFO.INFO-PF ] Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Hardware and Architecture, Independence assumption, Modeling and Simulation, Product (mathematics), Closed-form expression, business, [ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Software, Computer network
Abstract: In this paper, we present a unifying analysis for redundancy systems with cancel-on-start ( c . o . s . ) and cancel-on-complete ( c . o . c . ) with exponentially distributed service requirements. With c . o . s . ( c . o . c . ) all redundant copies are removed as soon as one of the copies starts (completes) service. As a consequence, c . o . s . does not waste any computing resources, as opposed to c . o . c . We show that the c . o . s . model is equivalent to a queueing system with multi-type jobs and servers, which was analyzed in Visschers et al., (2012), and show that c . o . c . (under the assumption of i.i.d. copies) can be analyzed by a generalization of Visschers et al., (2012) where state-dependent departure rates are permitted. This allows us to show that the stationary distribution for both the c . o . c . and c . o . s . models has a product form. We give a detailed first-time analysis for c . o . s and derive a closed form expression for important metrics like mean number of jobs in the system, and probability of waiting. We also note that the c . o . s . model is equivalent to Join-Shortest-Work queue with power of d (JSW( d )). In the latter, an incoming job is dispatched to the server with smallest workload among d randomly chosen ones. Thus, all our results apply mutatis-mutandis to JSW( d ). Comparing the performance of c . o . s . with that of c . o . c . with i.i.d. copies gives the unexpected conclusion (since c . o . s . does not waste any resources) that c . o . s . is worse in terms of mean number of jobs. As part of ancillary results, we illustrate that this is primarily due to the assumption of i.i.d. copies in case of c . o . c . (together with exponentially distributed requirements) and that such assumptions might lead to conclusions that are qualitatively different from that observed in practice.
Published: 2018

3. Conductance-Based Refractory Density Approach for a Population of Bursting Neurons

Author: Serafim Rodrigues, Antoni Guillamon, Mathieu Desroches, Anton V. Chizhov, Fabien Campillo, A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Mathématiques pour les Neurosciences (MATHNEURO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. SD - Sistemes Dinàmics de la UPC
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Computer science, General Mathematics, Immunology, Population, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, intrinsically bursting neuron, Piecewise linear function, Arquitectura i estalvi d'energia, 03 medical and health sciences, Bursting, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, education, Edificació::Construcció sostenible [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], neuronal population, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, Architecture and energy conservation, Pharmacology, Statistical ensemble, education.field_of_study, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Conductance, conductance-based refractory density model, 030104 developmental biology, Brain state, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Population model, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neuron, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Neuroscience
Abstract: The conductance-based refractory density (CBRD) approach is a parsimonious mathematical-computational framework for modeling interact- ing populations of regular spiking neurons, which, however, has not been yet extended for a population of bursting neurons. The canonical CBRD method allows to describe the firing activity of a statistical ensemble of uncoupled Hodgkin-Huxley-like neurons (differentiated by noise) and has demonstrated its validity against experimental data. The present manuscript generalises the CBRD for a population of bursting neurons; however, in this pilot computational study we consider the simplest setting in which each individual neuron is governed by a piecewise linear bursting dynamics. The resulting popula- tion model makes use of slow-fast analysis, which leads to a novel method- ology that combines CBRD with the theory of multiple timescale dynamics. The main prospect is that it opens novel avenues for mathematical explo- rations, as well as, the derivation of more sophisticated population activity from Hodgkin-Huxley-like bursting neurons, which will allow to capture the activity of synchronised bursting activity in hyper-excitable brain states (e.g. onset of epilepsy). Russian Science Foundation grant (project 16-15- 10201) Spanish grant MINECO-FEDER-UE MTM-2015-71509-C2-2-R Catalan Grant number 2017SGR1049
Published: 2019

4. Origin of Two-Dimensional Electron Gases at Oxide Interfaces: Insights from Theory

Author: Artacho, E. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom). Cavendish Lab.; Basque Foundation for Science Ikerbasque (Spain); CIC nanoGUNE, San Sebastian (Spain)]
Published: 2014
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5. O$_2$ reduction and O$_2$-induced damage at the active site of FeFe hydrogenase

Author: Kubas, Adam, Orain, Christophe, de Sancho, David, Saujet, Laure, Sensi, Matteo, Gauquelin, Charles, Meynial Salles, Isabelle, Soucaille, Philippe, Bottin, Hervé, Baffert, Carole., Fourmond, Vincent, Best, Robert, Blumberger, Jochen, Léger, Christophe, Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (BIP ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), CICNanoGUNE, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Bioénergétique Moléculaire et Photosynthèse (LBMP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (IMM), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), EPSRC [EP/J016764/1, EP/J015571/1, EP/F067496, EP/L000202], ANR-12-BS08-0014,ECCHYMOSE,Etudes d'hydrogénases à Fer par électrochimie: mécanisme et optimisation pour la photoproduction d'hydrogène(2012), ANR-14-CE05-0010,HEROS,Hydrogénases résistantes à l'Oxygène(2014), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-14-CE05-0010,HEROS,Hydrogénases résistantes à l’Oxygène(2014), and ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-IDEX-0001,AMIDEX,AMIDEX(2011)
Subjects: Enzyme mecanisms, Metalloproteins, Density functional theory, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Electrocatalysis, Molecular Dynamics
Abstract: International audience; FeFe hydrogenases are the most efficient H$_2$-producing enzymes. However, inactivation by O$_2$ remains an obstacle that prevents them being used in many biotechnological devices. Here, we combine electrochemistry, site-directed mutagenesis, molecular dynamics and quantum chemical calculations to uncover the molecular mechanism of O$_2$ diffusion within the enzyme and its reactions at the active site. We propose that the partial reversibility of the reaction with O$_2$ results from the four-electron reduction of O$_2$ to water. The third electron/proton transfer step is the bottleneck for water production, competing with formation of a highly reactive OH radical and hydroxylated cysteine. The rapid delivery of electrons and protons to the active site is therefore crucial to prevent the accumulation of these aggressive species during prolonged O$_2$ exposure. These findings should provide important clues for the design of hydrogenase mutants with increased resistance to oxidative damage.
Published: 2017

6. The Arctic Ocean as a dead end for floating plastics in the North Atlantic branch of the Thermohaline Circulation

Author: Fidel Echevarría, Thomas J. Ballatore, Andrés Cózar, Juan García-de-Lomas, Carlos M. Duarte, J. Ignacio González-Gordillo, Erik van Sebille, Romain Troublé, Xabier Irigoien, Maria Luiza Pedrotti, Víctor M. Eguíluz, Elisa Martí, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz (UCA), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research [Utrecht] (IMAU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Harvard University [Cambridge], Lake Basin Action Network, Instituto de Fisica Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (IFISC), Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB)-CSIC-UIB, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tara Expéditions, AZTI-Tecnalia (Marine Research Division), AZTI-Tecnalia, Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Biología, Sub Physical Oceanography, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Commission, Veolia Foundation, Région Bretagne, Lorient Agglomération, World Courier, Illumina, Fondation EDF, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Fondation Prince Albert II de Monaco, Tara Foundation, Ministère des Affaires étrangères (France), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Fundación BBVA, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (España), Harvard University, CSIC-UIB-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, SURFACE, DEBRIS, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Sink (geography), Latitude, Ocean gyre, WATER, 14. Life underwater, Water pollution, Research Articles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, floating plastic debris, SEA, Water Pollution, North Atlantic, SciAdv r-articles, Debris, Seafloor spreading, SIMULATIONS, Oceanography, Arctic, thermohaline circulation, 13. Climate action, Arctic waters, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Thermohaline circulation, Geology, Research Article
Abstract: The subtropical ocean gyres are recognized as great marine accummulation zones of floating plastic debris; however, the possibility of plastic accumulation at polar latitudes has been overlooked because of the lack of nearby pollution sources. In the present study, the Arctic Ocean was extensively sampled for floating plastic debris from the Tara Oceans circumpolar expedition. Although plastic debris was scarce or absent in most of the Arctic waters, it reached high concentrations (hundreds of thousands of pieces per square kilometer) in the northernmost and easternmost areas of the Greenland and Barents seas. The fragmentation and typology of the plastic suggested an abundant presence of aged debris that originated from distant sources. This hypothesis was corroborated by the relatively high ratios of marine surface plastic to local pollution sources. Surface circulation models and field data showed that the poleward branch of the Thermohaline Circulation transfers floating debris from the North Atlantic to the Greenland and Barents seas, which would be a dead end for this plastic conveyor belt. Given the limited surface transport of the plastic that accumulated here and the mechanisms acting for the downward transport, the seafloor beneath this Arctic sector is hypothesized as an important sink of plastic debris., Tara Oceans particularly acknowledges the commitment of the following sponsors: the CNRS (in particular Groupement de Recherche GDR3280), the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genoscope/CEA, French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” programs OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008) and FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), Agence Nationale de la Recherche, and European Union FP7 (Micro B3 no. 287589). We appreciate the support and commitment of agnès b. and E. Bourgois, Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, Lorient Agglomeration, World Courier, Illumina, Eléctricité de France Foundation, Fondation pour la recherche sur la biodiversité, Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Tara Foundation, its schooner, and its teams. We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries that granted sampling permissions. Tara Oceans would not exist without continuous support from 23 institutes (http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org/en/m/science/les-labos-impliques/). This article is contribution number 52 of Tara Oceans. This study is funded by Tara Oceans and the Malaspina 2010 Expedition project (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, CSD2008-00077) and has received additional support from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology through baseline funding to X.I. and C.M.D., Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), and PLASTREND (BBVA Foundation) and MIDaS (CTM2016-77106-R, AEI/FEDER/UE) projects.
Published: 2017

7. Visual localization based on sequence matching using ConvNet features

Author: Cindy Cappelle, Yongliang Qiao, Yassine Ruichek, Fadi Dornaika, Laboratoire d'Electronique, d'Informatique et d'Image UMR CNRS 6306 ( Le2i ), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers ( ENSAM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Basque Foundation for Science ( Ikerbasque ), Laboratoire d'Electronique, d'Informatique et d'Image [EA 7508] (Le2i), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Matching (statistics), Computer science, business.industry, [ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Sequence matching, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, 02 engineering and technology, Visual localization, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [ SPI.AUTO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, [ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Recently, Convolutional Network (ConvNet) features permit to achieve state-of-the-art performance in robotic fields such as visual navigation and SLAM. In this paper, a visual localization technique was proposed based on ConvNet networks by combining the powerful ConvNet features and image sequence matching. The pre-trained networks provided by MatConvNet are used to extract the features and then a sequence search technique is applied for visual recognition. Compared with the traditional approaches based on handcraft features and single image matching, the proposed method shows good performances even in presence of appearance and illumination changes. We present extensive experiments on five real world datasets to evaluate each of the specific challenges in visual recognition. We also conduct a comprehensive performance comparison of different ConvNet layers (each defining a level of features) considering both appearance and illumination changes.
Published: 2016

8. Chiral additive induced self-disproportionation of enantiomers under MPLC conditions: preparation of enantiomerically pure samples of 1-(aryl)ethylamines from racemates

Author: Osamu Kitagawa, Kenki Ebine, Mitsuhiro Goto, Christian Roussel, Kaori Tateishi, Vadim A. Soloshonok, Department of Applied Chemistry, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Department of Organic Chemistry I, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: 010405 organic chemistry, Elution, Aryl, Organic Chemistry, Ethylamines, Disproportionation, Fraction (chemistry), 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Medium pressure, Organic chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Enantiomer
Abstract: International audience; Mixtures of enantiomerically pure (S)-N-formyl-1-phenylethyamine and various racemic N-formyl-1-arylethylamine derivatives, when submitted to achiral medium pressure liquid chromatography, afforded elution profiles in which the enantiomers of N-formyl-1-arylethylamines standout as separate peaks and can be isolated. In all of the investigated N-formyl-1-arylethylamine substrates, the virtually enantiomerically pure (S)-enantiomer eluted as a less polar fraction and subsequently, the (R)-enriched enantiomer mixtures were eluted in the more polar fractions.
Published: 2016

9. Importance des données de terrain pour la compréhension d’un potentiel dépôt funéraire moustérien : le cas du squelette de Regourdou 1 (Montignac-sur-Vézère, Dordogne, France)

Author: Bruno Maureille, Trenton Holliday, Aurélien Royer, Maxime Pelletier, Stéphane Madelaine, François Lacrampe-Cuyaubère, Xavier Muth, Erwan Le Gueut, Christine Couture-Veschambre, Asier Gómez-Olivencia, Emmanuel Discamps, Pierre-Jean Texier, Alain Turq, Christelle Lahaye, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departement of Anthropology, Tulane University, Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), SARL Archéosphère, Get In Situ, Dept. Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC)-UCM, Madrid, AHKR Institute, University of Bergen (UIB), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cette recherche a été possible grâce au projet Transitions convention 20051403003AB de la Région Aquitaine, au projet NéMo du LabEx Sciences archéologiquesde Bordeaux, au projet CGL2012-38434-C03-01 du Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Espagne) et groupe d’investigation IT834-13 du Eusko Jaurlaritza/Gobierno Vasco, à la Louisiana Board of Regents LEQSF(2015-18)-RD-A-22., ANR-10-IDEX-03-02/10-LABX-0052,LaScArBx,Using the world in ancient societies : processes and forms of appropriation of space in Long Time(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-IDEX-0001,AMIDEX,AMIDEX(2011), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UCM, Madrid-Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion [Bergen] (AHKR / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), ANR-10-IDEX-0003,IDEX BORDEAUX,Initiative d'excellence de l'Université de Bordeaux(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC)-UCM, Madrid, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel, Cultures, Environnement, Anthropologie ( PACEA ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Tulane University - New Orleans, LA, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] ( WITS ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique ( LAMPEA ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Musée national de Préhistoire ( MNP ), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea ( UPV/EHU ), Basque Foundation for Science ( IKERBASQUE ), Basque Foundation for Science ( Ikerbasque ), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique ( HNHP ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UCM, Madrid- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Bergen ( UIB ), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux ( IRAMAT ), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-10-IDEX-03-02/10-LABX-0052,LaScArBx,Using the world in ancient societies : processes and forms of appropriation of space in Long Time ( 2010 ), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,Amidex ( 2011 ), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: sépulture, Burial, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Taphonomy, fouille, Excavation, François Bordes, Neandertal, taphonomie
Abstract: 21 pages; Aside from the work of Bonifay (see Bonifay et al. 2007 for one of the more recentpapers) and various articles following these earlier works (e.g., Binant 1991, Defleur 1993, Maureille et Vandermeersch2007, Pettitt 2011, see also May 1986 for a more critical analysis), the in situ position of the remains of Regourdou 1 fromlayer 4 has never actually been discussed on the basis of available data from the salvage operation carried out in October1957 by E. Bonifay and G. Laplace-Jauretche, under the administrative authority of François Bordes, or from thesubsequent, more systematic, excavations directed by E. Bonifay between 1961 and 1964.Via the compilation of available information from a number of unpublished documents (François Bordes’ field notes,drawings made during the salvage operation, photographs taken in 1957, 1961 and 1962, as well as databases from the1961 to 1964 excavations), and also a new inventory of human remains (both previously known and recently discovered),it is now possible to more accurately reconstruct the position of the human remains in a Cartesian system. In this, weassume that the concentration of remains uncovered during the salvage operation was in square G2, according to thepreliminary systematic excavations carried out in 1961. They also bring to light that while practically no anatomicalconnections can be demonstrated with any certainty – and despite significant disruptions (all of the hominin remains arespread over 9 squares : G1 to G3, F1 to F3, E1 and E2, D2) – are mainly positioned in squares G2 and G3 to somedegree with respect to the anatomical logic of the human body. We therefore assume that Regourdou 1 was lying flat,with its head to the west – perhaps upon its trunk – close to the wall of the cavity. This result is different from the fetalposition hypothesis proposed in Bonifay et al. (2007). Moreover many post-depositional (albeit Pleistocene) disturbancesare also evident. We believe that they were likely the result of the utilization and modification of the cavity by brown bearsand lagomorphs.Only new excavations at the site, and a better taphonomic understanding of Bonifay’s (1964) layer 4 (in whichRegourdou 1 was found), and the exact role of humans in its formation, i.e., their anthropic impact on the layer, will allowus to discuss in more detail the nature of the deposition of the body, and, hopefully, the absence of the skull.; Excepté dans les travaux de E. Bonifay (pour l’un des plus récents, voir Bonifay et al. 2007) et dans différentescontributions qui ont repris ces derniers (p. ex. Binant 1991 ; Defleur 1993 ; Maureille et Vandermeersch 2007 ; Pettitt2011 voir aussi l’analyse plus critique de May 1986), la position in situ des restes humains de Regourdou 1, provenantde la couche 4 du site n’a jamais été discutée ni sur la base de l’opération de sauvetage réalisée en octobre 1957(opération dirigée par E. Bonifay et G. Laplace-Jauretche, sous l’autorité administrative de F. Bordes), ni suite aux fouillesprogrammées dirigées par E. Bonifay entre 1961 et 1964.Après une synthèse des informations disponibles contenues dans de nombreux documents inédits (minutes de terrainde François Bordes, dessins réalisés lors de l’opération de sauvetage, photographies réalisées en 1957 puis en 1961 et1962, base de données des fouilles 1961-1964) et d’un nouvel inventaire des restes humains (connus et nouvellementdécouverts), les ossements de Regourdou 1 ont pu être en majorité repositionnés au sein d’un système orthonormé. Cesnouveaux documents permettent de supposer que la concentration de vestiges mis au jour lors de l’opération desauvetage se situait dans le carré G2 du carroyage des fouilles débutées en 1961.Ils mettent également en évidence que, même si pratiquement aucune connexion anatomique n’est décelée aveccertitude et malgré des perturbations très importantes (la totalité des ossements se répartit in fine sur près de neufcarrés : G1 à G3, F1 à F3, E1, E2 et D2), ces restes se distribuent surtout en G2 et en G3 en respectant la logiqueanatomique du corps humain. Ces observations permettent de suggérer que Regourdou 1 était plutôt en positionallongée, la tête à l’ouest - peut-être ramenée sur le tronc - à proximité de la paroi de la cavité. Ce résultat est doncdifférent de l’hypothèse de la position foetale proposée dans Bonifay et al. (2007). De plus, de nombreuses perturbationspost-dépositionnelles du dépôt initial humain durant le Pléistocène se sont produites probablement en liaison avec lafréquentation de la cavité par l’Ours brun et les lagomorphes.Nous espérons que de nouvelles fouilles du site, et particulièrement l’étude du rôle de l’Homme dans l’accumulation desvestiges de la couche 4 (selon la stratigraphie de Bonifay 1964), nous permettront de discuter des causes de la présencede ce néandertalien et, peut-être, de l’absence de sa boîte crânienne.
Published: 2015

10. The role of syllables in sign language production

Author: Cristina eBaus, Eva eGutiérrez, Manuel eCarreiras, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre (DCAL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language [Gipuzkoa, Espagne] (BCBL), Departamento de Lengua Vasca y Comunicación, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Speech production, lexical access, speech production, lcsh:BF1-990, Sign language, PSYCHOLOGY, experience, categorical perception, Handshape, Psychology, sign language, Original Research Article, word, syllables, General Psychology, picture naming, Categorical perception, representations, spanish, Linguistics, neural systems, critical period, Age of Acquisition, lcsh:Psychology, Phonological rule, frequency, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, sign parameters, Syllable, Sign (mathematics)
Abstract: International audience; The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional role of syllables in sign language and how the different phonological combinations influence sign production. Moreover, the influence of age of acquisition was evaluated. Deaf signers (native and non-native) of Catalan Signed Language (LSC) were asked in a picture-sign interference task to sign picture names while ignoring distractor-signs with which they shared two phonological parameters (out of three of the main sign parameters: Location, Movement, and Handshape). The results revealed a different impact of the three phonological combinations. While no effect was observed for the phonological combination Handshape-Location, the combination Handshape-Movement slowed down signing latencies, but only in the non-native group. A facilitatory effect was observed for both groups when pictures and distractors shared Location-Movement. Importantly, linguistic models have considered this phonological combination to be a privileged unit in the composition of signs, as syllables are in spoken languages. Thus, our results support the functional role of syllable units during phonological articulation in sign language production.
Published: 2014
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11. Novel superconducting skutterudite-type phosphorus nitride at high pressure from first-principles calculations

Author: Zamaan Raza, Ion Errea, A. Marco Saitta, Artem R. Oganov, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC (SPAIN), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)-University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), State University of New York (SUNY), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Northwestern Polytechnical University [Xi'an] (NPU), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Superconductivity, Multidisciplinary, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Phonon, Nitride, engineering.material, Bioinformatics, 7. Clean energy, Article, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Phase (matter), Metastability, engineering, Density functional theory, Skutterudite, Stoichiometry
Abstract: International audience; State of the art variable composition structure prediction based on density functional theory demonstrates that two new stoichiometries of PN, PN 3 and PN 2 , become viable at high pressure. PN 3 has a skutterudite-like Immm structure and is metastable with positive phonon frequencies at pressures between 10 and 100 GPa. PN 3 is metallic and is the first reported nitrogen-based skutterudite. Its metallicity arises from nitrogen p-states which delocalise across N 4 rings characteristic of skutterudites, and it becomes a good electron-phonon superconductor at 10 GPa, with a T c of around 18 K. The superconductivity arises from strongly enhanced electron-phonon coupling at lower pressures, originating primarily from soft collective P-N phonon modes. The PN 2 phase is an insulator with P2/m symmetry and is stable at pressures in excess of 200 GPa.
Published: 2014

12. p15(PAF) Is an Intrinsically Disordered Protein with Nonrandom Structural Preferences at Sites of Interaction with Other Proteins

Author: Francisco J. Blanco, Maider Villate, Alain Ibáñez de Opakua, Tiago N. Cordeiro, Nekane Merino, Pau Bernadó, Alfredo De Biasio, Tammo Diercks, Moreno Lelli, Nathalie Sibille, Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Centre de Biochimie Structurale [Montpellier] (CBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Solid-State NMR Methods for Materials - Méthodes de RMN à l'état solide pour les matériaux, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: DNA repair, Molecular Sequence Data, Biophysics, Plasma protein binding, 03 medical and health sciences, Molecular recognition, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Nuclear protein, Structural motif, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Binding Sites, biology, Chemistry, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, DNA replication, Ubiquitin ligase, DNA-Binding Proteins, Crystallography, Residual dipolar coupling, biology.protein, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Proteins and Nucleic Acids, Carrier Proteins, Protein Binding
Abstract: International audience; We present to our knowledge the first structural characterization of the proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen-associated factor p15(PAF), showing that it is monomeric and intrinsically disordered in solution but has nonrandom conformational preferences at sites of protein-protein interactions. p15(PAF) is a 12 kDa nuclear protein that acts as a regulator of DNA repair during DNA replication. The p15(PAF) gene is overexpressed in several types of human cancer. The nearly complete NMR backbone assignment of p15(PAF) allowed us to measure 86 N-H(N) residual dipolar couplings. Our residual dipolar coupling analysis reveals nonrandom conformational preferences in distinct regions, including the proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen-interacting protein motif (PIP-box) and the KEN-box (recognized by the ubiquitin ligase that targets p15(PAF) for degradation). In accordance with these findings, analysis of the (15)N R2 relaxation rates shows a relatively reduced mobility for the residues in these regions. The agreement between the experimental small angle x-ray scattering curve of p15(PAF) and that computed from a statistical coil ensemble corrected for the presence of local secondary structural elements further validates our structural model for p15(PAF). The coincidence of these transiently structured regions with protein-protein interaction and posttranslational modification sites suggests a possible role for these structures as molecular recognition elements for p15(PAF).
Published: 2014

13. Stacking Versatility in Alkali-Mixed Honeycomb Layered NaKNi2TeO6

Author: Gwenaëlle Rousse, François Weill, François Fauth, Montse Casas-Cabanas, Jon Serrano-Sevillano, Marie-Liesse Doublet, Romain Berthelot, Bernard Fraisse, Dany Carlier, Danielle Laurencin, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie (RS2E), Université de Nantes (UN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CIC ENERGIGUNE - Parque Tecnol Alava, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CELLS ALBA, Barcelona 08290, Spain, Advanced Lithium Energy Storage Systems - ALISTORE-ERI (ALISTORE-ERI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Chimie du solide et de l'énergie (CSE), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The BL04-MSPD staff of CELLS-ALBA synchrotron is acknowledged for granting beamtime through InHouse quota (proposal 2020014011)., Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: Diffraction, Chemistry, Sodium, Stacking, Honeycomb (geometry), Oxides, Context (language use), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Alkali metal, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical physics, Cations, Potassium, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Density functional theory, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Layers, 0210 nano-technology, Stacking fault
Abstract: International audience; The reaction between P2-type honeycomb layered oxides Na2Ni2TeO6 and K2Ni2TeO6 enables the formation of NaKNi2TeO6. The compound is characterized by X-ray diffraction and 23Na solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the structure is discussed through density functional theory calculations. In addition to the honeycomb Ni/Te cationic ordering, NaKNi2TeO6 exhibits a unique example of alternation of sodium and potassium layers instead of a random alkali-mixed occupancy. Stacking fault simulations underline the impact of the successive position of the Ni/Te honeycomb layers and validate the presence of multiple stacking sequences within the powder material, in proportions that evolve with the synthesis conditions. In a broader context, this work contributes to a better understanding of the alkali-mixed layered compounds.
Published: 2021

14. Dynamic fluid-based scheduling in a multi-class abandonment queue

Author: Maialen Larranaga, Ina Maria Verloop, Urtzi Ayesta, Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Mathematical optimization, Computer Networks and Communications, Stochastic modelling, Existential quantification, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Abandonments, 01 natural sciences, Scheduling (computing), Pontryagin's minimum principle, 010104 statistics & probability, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Maximum principle, Deterministic approximation, Architectures Matérielles, Fluid scaling, 0101 mathematics, Queue, Mathematics, 021103 operations research, Scheduling, Systèmes embarqués, Hardware and Architecture, Modeling and Simulation, Stochastic optimization, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Software, Multi-class queue
Abstract: International audience; We investigate how to share a common resource among multiple classes of customers in the presence of abandonments. We consider two different models: (1) customers can abandon both while waiting in the queue and while being served, (2) only customers that are in the queue can abandon. Given the complexity of the stochastic optimization problem we propose a fluid model as a deterministic approximation. For the overload case we directly obtain that the c˜µ/θ rule is optimal. For the underload case we use Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to obtain the optimal solution for two classes of customers; there exists a switching curve that splits the two-dimensional state-space into two regions such that when the number of customers in both classes is sufficiently small the optimal policy follows the c˜µ-rule and when the number of customers is sufficiently large the optimal policy follows the c˜µ/θ-rule. The same structure is observed in the optimal policy of the stochastic model for an arbitrary number of classes. Based on this we develop a heuristic and by numerical experiments we evaluate its performance and compare it to several index policies. We observe that the suboptimality gap of our solution is small.
Published: 2013

15. Probing the anharmonicity of the potential well for a magnetic vortex core in a nanodot

Author: K. Mitsuzuka, Benjamin Pigeau, Stéphane Andrieu, S. Sangiao, O. V. Sukhostavets, François Montaigne, Konstantin Y. Guslienko, G. de Loubens, V. V. Naletov, Olivier Klein, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kazan State University (KPFU), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Physics, Mechanical equilibrium, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Anharmonicity, Demagnetizing field, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Vortex, law.invention, Core (optical fiber), Spin wave, law, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Nanodot, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The anharmonicity of the potential well confining the position of the magnetic vortex core is measured dynamically with a Magnetic Resonance Force Microscope (MRFM). The stray field of the MRFM tip is used to displace the core position away from the well minimum. Anharmonicity is then inferred from the relative frequency shift induced on the eigen-frequency of the vortex core translational mode. Traces of these shifts are recorded while scanning the tip above an isolated nanodot, patterned out of a single crystal FeV film. An analytical framework is proposed to analyze the data. It results in a quantitative measurement of the anharmonic coefficient found to be positive and 50% of the parabolic contribution. This calibrates the tunability of the gyrotropic mode by external magnetic fields. In our sample, we observe a variation of the eigen-frequency as high as +10% for a displacement of the vortex core to about one third of the nanodot radius., 5 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2013

16. Differential Sensitivity of Letters, Numbers, and Symbols to Character Transpositions

Author: Jonathan Grainger, Juan A. Hernández, Maria Dimitropoulou, Jon Andoni Duñabeitia, Manuel Carreiras, Melmi, Jean-Baptiste, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language [Gipuzkoa, Espagne] (BCBL), Departamento de Lengua Vasca y Comunicación, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cognitive Neuroscience, Speech recognition, media_common.quotation_subject, Stimulus (physiology), Referent, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, Reaction Time, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, Communication, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Numerical digit, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reading, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Human visual system model, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, business, Psychology, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: This study was designed to explore whether the human visual system has different degrees of tolerance to character position changes for letter strings, digit strings, and symbol strings. An explicit perceptual matching task was used (same–different judgment), and participants' electrophysiological activity was recorded. Materials included trials in which the referent stimulus and the target stimulus were identical or differed either by two character replacements or by transposing two characters. Behavioral results showed clear differences in the magnitude of the transposed-character effect for letters as compared with digit and symbol strings. Electrophysiological data confirmed this observation, showing an N2 character transposition effect that was only present for letter strings. An earlier N1 transposition effect was also found for letters but was absent for symbols and digits, whereas a later P3 effect was found for all types of string. These results provide evidence for a position coding mechanism that is specific to letter strings, that was most prominent in an epoch between 200 and 325 msec, and that operates in addition to more general-purpose position coding mechanisms.
Published: 2012

17. The long-term restoration of ecosystem complexity

Author: Asun Rodríguez-Uña, Antton Alberdi, David Moreno-Mateos, Elly Morriën, Daniel Montoya, Wim H. van der Putten, Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Harvard University [Cambridge], Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Metacommunity, Restoration ecology, Computer science, Biodiversity, Genomics, Adaptive potential, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Ecosystem degradation, Interaction network, Life Science, Ecosystem, Laboratorium voor Nematologie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Plan_S-Compliant_NO, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, International, Conservation genomics, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, EPS, Laboratory of Nematology, business
Abstract: International audience; Multiple large-scale restoration strategies are emerging globally to counteract ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss. However, restoration often remains insufficient to offset that loss. To address this challenge, we propose to focus restoration science on the long-term (centuries to millennia) re-assembly of degraded ecosystem complexity integrating interaction network and evolutionary potential approaches. This approach provides insights into eco-evolutionary feedbacks determining the structure, functioning and stability of recovering ecosystems. Eco-evolutionary feedbacks may help to understand changes in the adaptive potential after disturbance of metacommunity hub species with core structural and functional roles for their use in restoration. Those changes can be studied combining a restoration genomics approach based on whole-genome sequencing with replicated space-for-time substitutions linking changes in genetic variation to functions or traits relevant to the establishment of evolutionarily resilient communities. This approach may set the knowledge basis for future tools to accelerate the restoration of ecosystems able to adapt to ongoing global changes.
Published: 2020

18. Phonon dynamics and thermal conductivity of PtSe2 thin films: Impact of crystallinity and film thickness on heat dissipation

Author: Sachat, Alexandros El, Xiao, Peng, Donadio, Davide, Bonell, Frédéric, Sledzinska, Marianna, Marty, Alain, Vergnaud, Céline, Boukari, Hervé, Jamet, Matthieu, Arregui, Guillermo, Chen, Zekun, Alzina, Francesc, Torres, Clivia M. Sotomayor, Chavez-Angel, Emigdio, ICN2 - Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), SPINtronique et TEchnologie des Composants (SPINTEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]
Abstract: We present a comparative investigation of the influence of crystallinity and film thickness on the acoustic and thermal properties of 2D layered PtSe2 thin films of varying thickness (0.6-24 nm) by combining a set of experimental techniques, namely, frequency domain thermo-reflectance, low-frequency Raman and pump-probe coherent phonon spectroscopy. We find a 35% reduction in the cross-plane thermal conductivity of polycrystalline films with thickness larger than 12 nm compared to the crystalline films of the same thickness due to phonon grain boundary scattering. Density functional theory calculations are in good agreement with the experiments and further reveal the ballistic nature of cross-plane heat transport in PtSe2 up to a certain thickness (~20 nm). In addition, our experiments revealed strong interlayer interactions in PtSe2, short acoustic phonon lifetimes in the range of picoseconds, out-of-plane elastic constant C33=31.8 GPa and layer-dependent group velocity ranging from 1340 m/s in bilayer PtSe2 to 1873 m/s in 8 layers of PtSe2. The potential of tuning the lattice cross-plane thermal conductivity of layered 2D materials with the level of crystallinity and the real-time observation of coherent phonon dynamics, which have direct implications on the cooling and transport of electrons, open a new playground for research in 2D thermoelectric devices and provide guidelines for thermal management in 2D electronics., Comment: 32 pages
Published: 2022

19. Using Y-chromosome capture enrichment to resolve haplogroup H2 shows new evidence for a two-path Neolithic expansion to Western Europe

Author: Marie-France Deguilloux, Agata Hałuszko, Maïté Rivollat, Sandra Penske, J. S. Díaz, Michal Ernée, Eirini Skourtanioti, Miroslav Dobeš, Cosimo Posth, Mario Küßner, Stéphane Rottier, Gunnar U. Neumann, Emmanuel Ghesquière, Susanne Friederich, Yılmaz Selim Erdal, Adam Ben Rohrlach, Rana Özbal, Svend Hansen, Marcella Frangipane, Marcello A. Mannino, Ainash Childebayeva, Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz, Sabine Reinhold, Murat Akar, Wolfgang Haak, Alexander Herbig, Luka Papac, Yavor Boyadzhiev, Domingo C. Salazar-García, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Kamen Boyadzhiev, Johannes Krause, K. Aslıhan Yener, Mirosław Furmanek, Marieke Sophia van de Loosdrecht, Philipp W. Stockhammer, European Commission, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Adelaide, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Mustafa Kemal University, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], University of Wrocław [Poland] (UWr), State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Nantes Université (NU), German Archaeological Institute (DAI), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Koç University, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of Cape Town, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial [UPM, Spain] (DIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Universitat de València (UV), Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III [Bonn, Germany], Universitätsklinikum Bonn (UKB), MARQ - Museo Arqueológico Provincial de Alicante (MARQ), Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, University of South Australia [Adelaide], Max Planck Society Foundation CELLEX, French (ANR) French National Research Agency (ANR), German (DFG) Research Foundations under the INTERACT project German Research Foundation (DFG) [ANR17-FRAL-0010, DFG-HA-5407/4-1], European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union European Research Council (ERC) [771234-PALEoRIDER], Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague Czech Academy of Sciences [RVO 67985912], Projekt DEAL, ANR-17-FRAL-0010,INTERACT,Interactions entre groupes humains en Europe de l'Ouest durant la transition Mésolithique-Néolithique: la double perspective des échanges biologiques et culturels(2017), Özbal, Rana (ORCID 0000-0001-6765-2765 & YÖK ID 55583), Rohrlach, A.B., Papac, L., Childebayeva, A., Rivollat, M., Villalba Mouco, V., Neumann, G.U., Penske, S., Skourtanioti, E., van de Loosdrecht, M., Akar, M., Boyadzhiev, K., Boyadzhiev, Y., Deguilloux, M.F., Dobes, M., Erdal, Y.S., Ernée, M., Frangipane, M., Furmanek, M., Friederich, S., Ghesquière, E., Ha?uszko, A., Hansen, S., Küßner, M., Mannino, M., Reinhold, S., Rottier, S., Salazar García, D.C., Diaz, J.S., Stockhammer, P.W., de Togores Muñoz, C.R., Yener, K.A., Posth, C., Krause, J., Herbig, A., Haak, W., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Archeology and History of Art, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Max Planck Society, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), German Research Foundation, European Research Council, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Czech, SELECTION, Population genetics, MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA, early farmers, DIVERSITY, mitochondrial DNA, shotgun sequencing, Prehistòria, Haplogroup, German, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, DNA sequencing, Science and technology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Horizon (archaeology), Critical event, Shotgun sequencing, chromosomal haplogroups, European research, STEPPE, Western europe, language, Medicine, Genetic Markers, Mitochondrial DNA, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, uniparentally-inherited markers, Science, Library science, Biology, Y chromosome, DNA, Mitochondrial, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Target enrichment, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Political science, Humans, media_common.cataloged_instance, ANCIENT DNA, Genetic Testing, European union, Alleles, 030304 developmental biology, MUTATION-RATE, Chromosomes, Human, Y, Saturation (genetic), History and Archaeology, Y-mappable capture assay, Ancient DNA, Neanderthals, Anatomically modern humans, language.human_language, Neolithic transition, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Evolutionary biology, GENOMIC HISTORY, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Uniparentally-inherited markers on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the non-recombining regions of the Y chromosome (NRY), have been used for the past 30 years to investigate the history of humans from a maternal and paternal perspective. Researchers have preferred mtDNA due to its abundance in the cells, and comparatively high substitution rate. Conversely, the NRY is less susceptible to back mutations and saturation, and is potentially more informative than mtDNA owing to its longer sequence length. However, due to comparatively poor NRY coverage via shotgun sequencing, and the relatively low and biased representation of Y-chromosome variants on capture assays such as the 1240 k, ancient DNA studies often fail to utilize the unique perspective that the NRY can yield. Here we introduce a new DNA enrichment assay, coined YMCA (Y-mappable capture assay), that targets the "mappable" regions of the NRY. We show that compared to low-coverage shotgun sequencing and 1240 k capture, YMCA significantly improves the mean coverage and number of sites covered on the NRY, increasing the number of Y-haplogroup informative SNPs, and allowing for the identification of previously undiscovered variants. To illustrate the power of YMCA, we show that the analysis of ancient Y-chromosome lineages can help to resolve Y-chromosomal haplogroups. As a case study, we focus on H2, a haplogroup associated with a critical event in European human history: the Neolithic transition. By disentangling the evolutionary history of this haplogroup, we further elucidate the two separate paths by which early farmers expanded from Anatolia and the Near East to western Europe., Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This study was funded by the Max Planck Society, the French (ANR) and German (DFG) Research Foundations under the INTERACT project (ANR-17-FRAL-0010, DFG-HA-5407/4-1, 2018-2021) to M.R. and W.H., the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant agreement no. 771234-PALEoRIDER to W.H., the award Praemium Academiae of the Czech Academy of Sciences to M.E. and the project RVO 67985912 of the Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague to M.S.
Published: 2021

20. Thermal characterization of complex shape composite materials using Karhunen–Loève decomposition techniques

Author: A. Godin, Mejdi Azaïez, M. Mint Brahim, E. Palomo del Barrio, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and CIC ENERGIGUNE - Parque Tecnol Alava
Subjects: Materials science, Applied Mathematics, composite materials, General Engineering, singular value decomposition, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Karhunen–Loève decomposition, 01 natural sciences, Statistics::Computation, Computer Science Applications, Characterization (materials science), [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010101 applied mathematics, Thermal, Singular value decomposition, Karhunen loeve decomposition, infrared thermography, Decomposition (computer science), 0101 mathematics, Composite material, Thermal characterization
Abstract: A new method for estimating the thermal properties of composite materials is proposed. It uses a previously developed thermal characterization method that is based on Karhunen–Loève decomposition (KLD) techniques in association with infrared thermography experiments or any other kind of experimental device providing dense data in spatial coordinates. The novelty of this work lies in the introduction of two techniques based on two phase-wise defined test functions that extend the previously developed method to cases where the morphology of the composite material is not straightforward. Thanks to the orthogonal properties of KLD, only a few eigenelements are needed for an accurate estimation, which allows for a significant amplification of the signal/noise ratios. Furthermore, the proposed methods represent an attractive combination of parsimony and robustness to noise thanks to spatially uncorrelated noise being entirely reported on states. The effectiveness and accuracy of both techniques are proven with numerical tests.
Published: 2021

21. Strong exciton−photon coupling with colloidal quantum dots in a tunable microcavity

Author: Igor Nabiev, Pavel Samokhvalov, Konstantin Mochalov, Yury P. Rakovich, Ivan Vaskan, Maksim Lednev, Dmitriy Dovzhenko, University of Southampton, The National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) [Moscow, Russia], Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences - EA 4682 (LRN), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-SFR Condorcet, and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Photon, Materials science, Photoluminescence, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Exciton, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Polariton, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 010306 general physics, Quantum, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Coupling, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, business.industry, Condensed Matter::Other, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 3. Good health, Quantum dot, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Polariton emission from optical cavities integrated with various luminophores has been extensively studied recently due to the wide variety of possible applications in photonics, particularly promising in terms of fabrication of low-threshold sources of coherent emission. Tuneable microcavities allow extensive investigation of the photophysical properties of matter placed inside the cavity by deterministically changing the coupling strength and controllable switching from weak to strong and ultra-strong coupling regimes. Here we demonstrate room temperature strong coupling of exciton transitions in CdSe/ZnS/CdS/ZnS colloidal quantum dots with the optical modes of a tuneable low-mode-volume microcavity. Strong coupling is evidenced by a large Rabi splitting of the photoluminescence spectra depending on the detuning of the microcavity. A coupling strength of 154 meV has been achieved. High quantum yields, excellent photostability, and scalability of fabrication of QDs paves the way to practical applications of coupled systems based on colloidal QDs in photonics, optoelectronics, and sensing., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2021

22. Light in correlated disordered media

Author: VYNCK, Kevin, PIERRAT, Romain, CARMINATI, Rémi, FROUFE-PÉREZ, Luis S., SCHEFFOLD, Frank, SAPIENZA, Riccardo, VIGNOLINI, Silvia, SÁENZ, Juan José, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation de la matière condensée et des interfaces (MMCI), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Langevin - Ondes et Images (UMR7587) (IL), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Fribourg], Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR), Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC (SPAIN), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)-University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Swiss National Science Foundation through project numbers 169074, 188494 and 197146, EPSRC, ANR-16-CE30-0008,NanoMiX,Nanophotonique des milieux complexes : nouveaux outils de modélisation vers de nouveaux phénomènes optiques(2016), ANR-19-CE09-0014,NANO-APPEARANCE,Surfaces nanostructurées complexes pour la conception de l'apparence visuelle(2019), ANR-10-LABX-0024,WIFI,Institut Langevin : Ondes et Images, du Fondamental à l'Innovation(2010), ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), European Project: 639088,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,SeSaMe(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Fribourg, and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: The optics of correlated disordered media is a fascinating research topic emerging at the interface between the physics of waves in complex media and nanophotonics. Inspired by photonic structures in nature and enabled by advances in nanofabrication processes, recent investigations have unveiled how the design of structural correlations down to the subwavelength scale could be exploited to control the scattering, transport and localization of light in matter. From optical transparency to superdiffusive light transport to photonic gaps, the optics of correlated disordered media challenges our physical intuition and offers new perspectives for applications. This article reviews the theoretical foundations, state-of-the-art experimental techniques and major achievements in the study of light interaction with correlated disorder, covering a wide range of systems -- from short-range correlated photonic liquids, to L\'evy glasses containing fractal heterogeneities, to hyperuniform disordered photonic materials. The mechanisms underlying light scattering and transport phenomena are elucidated on the basis of rigorous theoretical arguments. We overview the exciting ongoing research on mesoscopic phenomena, such as transport phase transitions and speckle statistics, and the current development of disorder engineering for applications such as light-energy management and visual appearance design. Special efforts are finally made to identify the main theoretical and experimental challenges to address in the near future., Comment: Submitted to Reviews of Modern Physics. Feedbacks are welcome
Published: 2021

23. Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles and miRNAs as Biomarkers for Prion Diseases

Author: Marina Betancor, David Sanz-Rubio, Joaquín Castilla, Juan José Badiola, Inmaculada Martín-Burriel, Óscar López-Pérez, Olivier Andreoletti, Pilar Zaragoza, Alicia Otero, Adelaida Hernaiz, Janne M. Toivonen, Rosa Bolea, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón [Zaragoza] (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, CIC BioGUNE, CIC Spain, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This research was partially funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (AGL2015-67945-P), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (RTI2018-098711-B-I00), the Government of Aragon (reference group A19-17R) co-financed with FEDER 2014-2020 'Construyendo Europa desde Aragon', Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), REDPRION, 65% co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Interreg V-A Spain-France-Andorra program (POCTEFA 2014-2020). POCTEFA aims to reinforce the economic and social integration of the French-Spanish-Andorran border. Its support is focused on developing economic, social and environmental cross-border activities through joint strategies, favouring sustainable territorial development., European Project: EFA148/16, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], animal diseases, Scrapie, Exosomes, Prion Diseases, M, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, PMCA, A, Hernaiz, Bolea, Biology (General), Spectroscopy, 0303 health sciences, P, J.J, Otero, General Medicine, Extracellular vesicle, 3. Good health, Computer Science Applications, Chemistry, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, bioassay, D, Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification, Ó, QH301-705.5, Biology, Sanz-Rubio, O, Catalysis, Article, cerebrospinal fluid, Inorganic Chemistry, prion, 03 medical and health sciences, Extracellular Vesicles, In vivo, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, QD1-999, Molecular Biology, plasma, 030304 developmental biology, extracellular vesicle, R, Betancor, Organic Chemistry, J, Andréoletti, Zaragoza, et al. Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles and miRNAs as Biomarkers for Prion extracellular vesicle, Proteinase K, Virology, Castilla, Microvesicles, nervous system diseases, MicroRNAs, Badiola, biology.protein, López-Pérez, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract: Diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, is based on the detection of proteinase K (PK)-resistant PrPSc in post-mortem tissues as indication of infection and disease. Since PrPSc detection is not considered a reliable method for in vivo diagnosis in most TSEs, it is of crucial importance to identify an alternative source of biomarkers to provide useful alternatives for current diagnostic methodology. Ovine scrapie is the prototype of TSEs and has been known for a long time. Using this natural model of TSE, we investigated the presence of PrPSc in exosomes derived from plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) and the levels of candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Significant scrapie-associated increase was found for miR-21-5p in plasma-derived but not in CSF-derived exosomes. However, miR-342-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-128-3p and miR-21-5p displayed higher levels in total CSF from scrapie-infected sheep. The analysis of overexpressed miRNAs in this biofluid, together with plasma exosomal miR-21-5p, could help in scrapie diagnosis once the presence of the disease is suspected. In addition, we found the presence of PrPSc in most CSF-derived exosomes from clinically affected sheep, which may facilitate in vivo diagnosis of prion diseases, at least during the clinical stage.
Published: 2021
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24. Deep Learning on Chest X-ray Images to Detect and Evaluate Pneumonia Cases at the Era of COVID-19

Author: Arnaud Scherpereel, Fadi Dornaika, Ignacio Arganda-Carreras, Mahmoud Melkemi, Karim Hammoudi, Dominique Collard, Halim Benhabiles, Hammoudi, Karim, Institut de Recherche en Informatique Mathématiques Automatique Signal (IRIMAS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems - IEMN (BIOMEMS - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronics Systems (LIMMS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thérapies Laser Assistées par l'Image pour l'Oncologie - U 1189 (ONCO-THAI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, J.3, 020205 medical informatics, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Medicine (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, Health informatics, Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Health Information Management, Pandemic, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-BT]Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, [INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Coronavirus, Image and Video Processing (eess.IV), Health scoring system, Coronavirus disease, 3. Good health, [INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Viral pneumonia, Chest X-ray images (CXR), Radiography, Thoracic, Algorithms, Information Systems, [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], medicine.medical_specialty, Pneumonia, Viral, Image & Signal Processing, Health Informatics, Context (language use), X-ray, Deep Learning, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, medicine, Humans, pneumonia, image detection, Intensive care medicine, I.2.6, business.industry, X-Rays, Pneumonia detection, COVID-19, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, I.4.9, medicine.disease, radiology, Pneumonia, [INFO.INFO-BT] Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Neural Networks, Computer, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], business
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with first symptoms similar to the flu. COVID-19 appeared first in China and very quickly spreads to the rest of the world, causing then the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic. In many cases, this disease causes pneumonia. Since pulmonary infections can be observed through radiography images, this paper investigates deep learning methods for automatically analyzing query chest X-ray images with the hope to bring precision tools to health professionals towards screening the COVID-19 and diagnosing confirmed patients. In this context, training datasets, deep learning architectures and analysis strategies have been experimented from publicly open sets of chest X-ray images. Tailored deep learning models are proposed to detect pneumonia infection cases, notably viral cases. It is assumed that viral pneumonia cases detected during an epidemic COVID-19 context have a high probability to presume COVID-19 infections. Moreover, easy-to-apply health indicators are proposed for estimating infection status and predicting patient status from the detected pneumonia cases. Experimental results show possibilities of training deep learning models over publicly open sets of chest X-ray images towards screening viral pneumonia. Chest X-ray test images of COVID-19 infected patients are successfully diagnosed through detection models retained for their performances. The efficiency of proposed health indicators is highlighted through simulated scenarios of patients presenting infections and health problems by combining real and synthetic health data., Comment: 6 pages
Published: 2021

25. Using Microemulsions: Formulation Based on Knowledge of Their Mesostructure

Author: Miriam Simon, Yeshayahu Talmon, Magali Duvail, Paula Malo de Molina, Thomas Zemb, Michael Gradzielski, Stranski Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Modélisation Mésoscopique et Chimie Théorique (LMCT), Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule (ICSM - UMR 5257), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) (CSIC−UPV/EHU) - Materials Physics Center (MPC), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Tri ionique par les Systèmes Moléculaires auto-assemblés (LTSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), German Research Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Flexibility (engineering), 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Direct imaging, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Surface-Active Agents, Solvents, Microemulsion, Emulsions, Experimental methods
Abstract: Microemulsions, as thermodynamically stable mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant, are known and have been studied for more than 70 years. However, even today there are still quite a number of unclear aspects, and more recent research work has modified and extended our picture. This review gives a short overview of how the understanding of microemulsions has developed, the current view on their properties and structural features, and in particular, how they are related to applications. We also discuss more recent developments regarding nonclassical microemulsions such as surfactant-free (ultraflexible) microemulsions or ones containing uncommon solvents or amphiphiles (like antagonistic salts). These new findings challenge to some extent our previous understanding of microemulsions, which therefore has to be extended to look at the different types of microemulsions in a unified way. In particular, the flexibility of the amphiphilic film is the key property to classify different microemulsion types and their properties in this review. Such a classification of microemulsions requires a thorough determination of their structural properties, and therefore, the experimental methods to determine microemulsion structure and dynamics are reviewed briefly, with a particular emphasis on recent developments in the field of direct imaging by means of electron microscopy. Based on this classification of microemulsions, we then discuss their applications, where the application demands have to be met by the properties of the microemulsion, which in turn are controlled by the flexibility of their amphiphilic interface. Another frequently important aspect for applications is the control of the rheological properties. Normally, microemulsions are low viscous and therefore enhancing viscosity has to be achieved by either having high concentrations (often not wished for) or additives, which do not significantly interfere with the microemulsion. Accordingly, this review gives a comprehensive account of the properties of microemulsions, including most recent developments and bringing them together from a united viewpoint, with an emphasis on how this affects the way of formulating microemulsions for a given application with desired properties., T.Z. thanks the German Science Foundation (DFG) for providing a Mercator professorship within the International Research Training Group (IRTG) 1524 (SSNI) at the Technische Universität Berlin, as well as the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) for the LABEX “Chemisyst” grant ANR 2011-01-05 that made the long-term collaboration possible.
Published: 2021

26. Impaired neural response to speech edges in dyslexia

Author: Marie Lallier, Mathieu Bourguignon, Mikel Lizarazu, Nicola Molinaro, Manuel Carreiras, Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language [Gipuzkoa, Espagne] (BCBL), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Brain activity and meditation, Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Speech comprehension, Phonological deficit, Audiology, 050105 experimental psychology, Dyslexia, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurologie, Phase alignment, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Neural oscillations, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Brain, Magnetoencephalography, medicine.disease, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Perception, Speech Perception, Developmental dyslexia, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Entrainment (chronobiology), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Speech comprehension has been proposed to critically rely on oscillatory cortical tracking, that is, phase alignment of neural oscillations to the slow temporal modulations (envelope) of speech. Speech-brain entrainment is readjusted over time as transient events (edges) in speech lead to speech-brain phase realignment. Auditory behavioral research suggests that phonological deficits in dyslexia are linked to difficulty in discriminating speech edges. Importantly, research to date has not specifically examined neural responses to speech edges in dyslexia. In the present study, we used MEG to record brain activity from normal and dyslexic readers while they listened to speech. We computed phase locking values (PLVs) to evaluate phase entrainment between neural oscillations and the speech envelope time-locked to edge onsets. In both groups, we observed that edge onsets induced phase resets in the auditory oscillations tracking speech, thereby enhancing their entrainment to speech. Importantly, dyslexic readers showed weaker PLVs compared to normal readers in left auditory regions from ~.15 sec to ~.65 sec after edge onset. Our results indicate that the neural mechanism that adapts cortical entrainment to the speech envelope is impaired in dyslexia. These findings here are consistent with the temporal sampling theory of developmental dyslexia., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2021

27. Challenges of today for Na-based batteries of the future: From materials to cell metrics

Author: Montse Casas-Cabanas, Ivana Hasa, Damien Saurel, Christian Masquelier, Alexey Y. Koposov, Laurence Croguennec, Sathiya Mariyappan, Philipp Adelhelm, Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, France, Réseau sur le stockage éléctrochimique de l'énergie, Chimie du solide et de l'énergie (CSE), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Warwick Manufacturing Group [Coventry] (WMG), University of Warwick [Coventry], Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Institute of Nanotechnology [Karlsruhe] (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie (RS2E), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Advanced Lithium Energy Storage Systems - ALISTORE-ERI (ALISTORE-ERI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CIC ENERGIGUNE - Parque Tecnol Alava, Institute of Chemistry berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH (HZB), Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Laboratoire réactivité et chimie des solides - UMR CNRS 7314 (LRCS), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), MCC and DS are grateful to the Basque Government through the Elkartek grants CICe2019 and CICe2020 (KK 2020/00078), to Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad through NIB-MOVE grant (PID2019-107468RB-C22) and to M. Galceran for helpful discussions. IH acknowledges the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) for support through the TRANSITION project (03XP0186A). IH is also grateful for the financial support of the Helmholtz Association. SM, LC and CM thank the RS2E Network for funding as well as the financial support of Région Nouvelle Aquitaine, of the French National Research Agency (STORE-EX Labex Project ANR-10-LABX-76-01) and of the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 875629. The authors are grateful to Argonne National Laboratory for providing the BatPac software., ANR-10-LABX-0076,STORE-EX,Laboratory of excellency for electrochemical energy storage(2010), Université de Nantes (UN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Humboldt University Of Berlin, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Battery (electricity), Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Computer science, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Cellular level, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Energy storage, 0104 chemical sciences, Risk analysis (engineering), Key (cryptography), Disruptive innovation, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Performance indicator, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Several emerging battery technologies are currently on endeavour to take a share of the dominant position taken by Li-ion batteries in the field of energy storage. Among them, sodium-based batteries offer a combination of attractive properties i.e., low cost, sustainable precursors and secure raw material supplies. Na-based batteries include related battery concepts, such as Na-ion, all solid-state Na batteries, Na/O2 and Na/S, that differ in key components and in redox chemistry, and therefore result in separate challenges and metrics. Na-ion batteries represent an attractive solution which is almost ready to challenge Li-ion technology in certain applications; the other cell concepts represent a more disruptive innovation, with a higher performance gain, provided that major hurdles are overcome. The present review aims at highlighting the most promising materials in the field of Na-based batteries and challenges needed to be addressed to make this technology industrially appealing, by providing an in-depth analysis of performance metrics from recent literature. To this end, half-cell reported metrics have been extrapolated to full cell level for the more mature Na-ion technology to provide a fair comparison with existing technologies.
Published: 2021

28. Microwave-Assisted 1,3-Dioxa-[3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Substituted Allylic Carbamates: Application to the Synthesis of Novel 1,3-Oxazine-2,4-dione Derivatives

Author: Vincent Dorcet, Fadia Najjar, Aurélie Macé, Samar Eid, Thierry Roisnel, François Carreaux, Samar Bou Zeid, Iván Rivilla, Fernando P. Cossío, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of Rennes 1 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University, National Council for Scientific Research of Lebanon (CNRS-L), Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion-FEDER (MICINN) [PID2019-104772GB-I00, RED2018-102387-T], Gobierno Vasco/Eusko Jaurlaritza Basque Government [IT-1346-19], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Allylic rearrangement, Reaction mechanism, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Reaction mechanisms, Organic Chemistry, Heterocycles, Sigmatropic reaction, 010402 general chemistry, Sigmatropic rearrangement, 01 natural sciences, Microwave assisted, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Allylic compounds, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Microwave
Abstract: International audience; In a first instance, the effect of the microwave irradiation on the 1,3-Dioxa-[3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of aryl allylic carbamates was investigated. Under these new conditions, the reaction acceleration was clearly highlighted compared to conventional heating conditions. Depending on the electronic nature of substituents on the aromatic group, this type of rearrangement can be faster with similar or improved yields. Due to this experimental improvement, the diversity of aryl allylic carbamates able to undergo this rearrangement in a reasonable reaction time (30 min.) and with acceptable to high yields was greatly extended. Finally, an original synthetic way involving this microwave-assisted process to access new six-membered heterocyclic structures such as (E)-5-arylidene-1,3-oxazinane-2,4-diones was developed from Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) adducts showing the interest of this molecular rearrangement approach. DFT and Fragment Distortion studies showed in general polar transition structures and connected high deformation and interaction energies with lower activation barriers.
Published: 2021

29. Habitat fragmentation and food security in crop pollination systems

Author: Bart Haegeman, Claire de Mazancourt, Daniel Montoya, Sabrina Gaba, Michel Loreau, Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, pollination, Pollination, Biodiversity and food, Biodiversity, Plant Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, 03 medical and health sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, global change, 030304 developmental biology, biodiversity, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Food security, Habitat fragmentation, Ecology, business.industry, Agroforestry, fungi, Fragmentation (computing), food and beverages, food security, 15. Life on land, stability, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Food processing, habitat fragmentation, business, ecosystem services
Abstract: International audience; Ensuring stable food supplies is a major challenge for the 21st century. There is consensus that increased food production is necessary, but not sufficient, to achieve food security, and that agriculture should also aim at stabilizing crop production over time. In this context, biodiversity-based approaches to food security are increasingly being supported based on the fact that biodiversity can increase and stabilize crop production. However, agricultural systems are often highly fragmented and our current understanding of how such fragmentation affects biodiversity and food production remains incomplete, thus limiting our capacity to manage agricultural landscapes for food security. We developed a spatially explicit model of crop dynamics to investigate how the fragmentation of natural habitats for agricultural conversion impacts food production and food security, with a focus on animal-dependent crop production. Fragmentation produces a variety of spatial and biodiversity-mediated effects that affect both the mean and stability (temporal invariability) of animal-dependent crop production. Fragmentation has a dual effect on animal-dependent production. On the one hand, spatial aggregation of natural land decreases animal-dependent production by reducing the Landscape Pollination Potential, a metric that captures fragmentation and pollinator spillover effects within the agricultural landscape. But aggregation increases animal-dependent production by maintaining a higher pollinator diversity in larger fragments of natural habitat. The net effects of fragmentation on animal-dependent crop production depend on the land-use change pattern, the strength of the pollinator spillover to crop land and the animal pollination dependence of crops. Synthesis. Our study sheds new light in the food security debate by showing that high and stable crop production depends on biodiversity and the spatial fragmentation of agricultural landscapes, and by revealing the ecological mechanisms of food security in crop pollination systems. Management for food security should consider factors such as pollinators’ spillover, the amount and spatial aggregation of semi-natural habitat and the animal pollination dependence of crops. This information would be useful to design agricultural landscapes for high Landscape Pollination Potential. These results are highly relevant in the global change context, and given the worldwide trends in agriculture, which shifts towards more animal-dependent crop production.
Published: 2021

30. Ammonium supply induces differential metabolic adaptive responses in tomato according to leaf phenological stage

Author: Martine Dieuaide-Noubhani, Daniel Marino, Yves Gibon, María Begoña González-Moro, Théo Poucet, Cécile Cabasson, Bertrand Beauvoit, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and TP held a PhD grant from the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) during the execution of this work. The research leading to these results has received funding from the Basque Government (IT-932-16) and, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BIO2017-84035-R co-funded by FEDER). Analytics were supported by the French PHENOME-ANR-INBS-0012 project
Subjects: inorganic chemicals, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Starch, Nitrogen, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, tomato, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, plante fruitière, Nitrate, Solanum lycopersicum, nitrate, Ammonium Compounds, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, pH-stat, Ammonium, Nitrogen cycle, 2. Zero hunger, Nitrates, biology, Chemistry, carbon, fungi, food and beverages, Assimilation (biology), Metabolism, biology.organism_classification, Plant Leaves, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, Solanum, metabolism, leaf development, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+) are the main inorganic nitrogen sources available to plants. However, exclusive ammonium nutrition may lead to stress characterized by growth inhibition, generally associated with a profound metabolic reprogramming. In this work, we investigated how metabolism adapts according to leaf position in the vertical axis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. M82) plants grown with NH4+, NO3−, or NH4NO3 supply. We dissected leaf biomass composition and metabolism through an integrative analysis of metabolites, ions, and enzyme activities. Under ammonium nutrition, carbon and nitrogen metabolism were more perturbed in mature leaves than in young ones, overall suggesting a trade-off between NH4+ accumulation and assimilation to preserve young leaves from ammonium stress. Moreover, NH4+-fed plants exhibited changes in carbon partitioning, accumulating sugars and starch at the expense of organic acids, compared with plants supplied with NO3−. We explain such reallocation by the action of the biochemical pH-stat as a mechanism to compensate the differential proton production that depends on the nitrogen source provided. This work also underlines that the regulation of leaf primary metabolism is dependent on both leaf phenological stage and the nitrogen source provided.
Published: 2020

31. Neuropathobiology of COVID-19: the role for glia

Author: Marie-Eve Tremblay, Charlotte Madore, Maude Bordeleau, Li Tian, Alexei Verkhratsky, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CRCHUQ), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Tartu, and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: Chemokine, Neurotropism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], microglia, Review, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, astrocyte, medicine, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, development, Neuroinflammation, 030304 developmental biology, Circumventricular organs, 0303 health sciences, Innate immune system, Microglia, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, immunity, 3. Good health, comorbidity, medicine.anatomical_structure, ageing, Cellular Neuroscience, Immunology, biology.protein, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Astrocyte
Abstract: International audience; SARS-CoV-2, which causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has a brain neurotropism through binding to the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expressed by neurones and glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia. Systemic infection which accompanies severe cases of COVID-19 also triggers substantial increase in circulating levels of chemokines and interleukins that compromise the blood-brain barrier, enter the brain parenchyma and affect its defensive systems, astrocytes and microglia. Brain areas devoid of a blood-brain barrier such as the circumventricular organs are particularly vulnerable to circulating inflammatory mediators. The performance of astrocytes and microglia, as well as of immune cells required for brain health, is considered critical in defining the neurological damage and neurological outcome of COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2, the implication of neuroinflammation, adaptive and innate immunity, autoimmunity, as well as astrocytic and microglial immune and homeostatic functions in the neurological and psychiatric aspects of COVID-19. The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection during ageing, in the presence of systemic comorbidities, and for the exposed pregnant mother and foetus are also covered.
Published: 2020

32. Polariton-assisted donor-acceptor role reversal in resonant energy transfer between organic dyes strongly coupled to electromagnetic modes of a tuneable microcavity

Author: Dovzhenko, Dmitriy, Lednev, Maksim, Mochalov, Konstantin, Vaskan, Ivan, Rakovich, Yury, Nabiev, Igor, University of Southampton, The National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) [Moscow, Russia], Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry (IBCh RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences - EA 4682 (LRN), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nabiev, Igor
Subjects: [SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, fluorescent molecules, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FRET, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), tuneable microcavity, Physics::Chemical Physics, hybridization, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, polaritons, relaxation pathways, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: Resonant interaction between excitonic transitions of molecules and localized electromagnetic field allows the formation of hybrid light-matter polaritonic states. This hybridization of the light and the matter states has been shown to be able to significantly alter the intrinsic properties of molecular ensembles placed inside the optical cavity. Here, we have achieved strong coupling between the excitonic transition in typical oligonucleotide-based molecular beacons labelled with a pair of organic dye molecules, demonstrating an efficient donor to acceptor resonance energy transfer, and the tuneable open-access cavity mode. The photoluminescence of this hybrid system under non-resonant laser excitation and the dependence of the relative population of light-matter hybrid states on cavity detuning have been characterized. Furthermore, by analysing the dependence of the relaxation pathways between energy states in this system, we have demonstrated that predominant strong coupling of the cavity photon to the exciton transition in the donor dye molecule can lead to such a large an energy shift that the energy transfer from the acceptor exciton reservoir to the mainly donor lower polaritonic state can be achieved, thus yielding the chromophores donor-acceptor role reversal or carnival effect. Our experimental data confirm the theoretically predicted possibility for confined electromagnetic fields to control and mediate polariton-assisted remote energy transfer thus paving the way to new approaches to remote-controlled chemistry, energy harvesting, energy transfer and sensing., 31 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2020

33. Spatiotemporal dynamics of postoperative functional plasticity in patients with brain tumors in language areas

Author: Santiago Gil-Robles, Lucia Amoruso, Iñigo Pomposo, Manuel Carreiras, Mikel Lizarazu, Ileana Quiñones, Sanjeev Nara, Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language [Gipuzkoa, Espagne] (BCBL), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Linguistics and Language, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, Low-grade glioma, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, Young Adult, Functional connectivity, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Functional neuroimaging, Neuroplasticity, medicine, Humans, Functional reorganization, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, In patient, Alpha frequency band, Language, Postoperative Care, Brain Mapping, Neuronal Plasticity, medicine.diagnostic_test, Brain Neoplasms, 05 social sciences, Brain, Magnetoencephalography, Language networks, Glioma, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Awake craniotomy, Structural plasticity, Female, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Available online 10 January 2020. Postoperative functional neuroimaging provides a unique opportunity to investigate the neural mechanisms that facilitate language network reorganization. Previous studies in patients with low grade gliomas (LGGs) in language areas suggest that postoperative recovery is likely due to functional neuroplasticity in peritumoral and contra-tumoral healthy regions, but have attributed varying degrees of importance to specific regions. In this study, we used Magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate functional connectivity changes in peritumoral and contra-tumoral regions after brain tumor resection. MEG recordings of cortical activity during resting-state were obtained from 12 patients with LGGs in left-hemisphere language brain areas. MEG data were recorded before (Pre session), and 3 (Post_1 session) and 6 (Post_2 session) months after awake craniotomy. For each MEG session, we measured the functional connectivity of the peritumoral and contra-tumoral regions to the rest of the brain across the 1–100 Hz frequency band. We found that functional connectivity in the Post_1 and Post_2 sessions was higher than in the Pre session only in peritumoral regions and within the alpha frequency band. Functional connectivity in peritumoral regions did not differ between the Post_1 and Post_2 sessions. Alpha connectivity enhancement in peritumoral regions was observed in all patients regardless of the LGG location. Together, these results suggest that postoperative language functional reorganization occurs in peritumoral regions regardless of the location of the tumor and mostly develops within 3 months after surgery. The following experiment was performed in accordance to the Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). This research was supported in part by the Basque Government through the BERC 2018-2021 program; the Spanish State Research Agency through BCBL Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation SEV-2015-0490; the ERC- 2011-ADG-295362 from the European Research Council and PSI2015- 67353-R from the MINECO to MC.
Published: 2020

34. Synthesis, Conformational Analysis, and Complexation Study of an Iminosugar-Aza-Crown, a Sweet Chiral Cyclam Analog

Author: Ana Ardá, Jesús Jiménez-Barbero, Yves Blériot, Alexandra Bordes, Thibault Troadec, Matthieu Sollogoub, Antonio Franconetti, Mickaël Ménand, Flavie Perrin, Ana Poveda, Raphaël Tripier, Jérôme Désiré, Jérôme Guillard, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cell Biology and Stem Cells Unit (CICbioGUNE), Technologic Park of Bizkaia, Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique (CEMCA), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU)
Subjects: Letter, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Carbohydrates, Iminosugar, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, Redox, 0104 chemical sciences, Glycan, Molecular Recognition, NMR , interactions, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Cations, Cyclam, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Chelation, Conformation, Redox reactions, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Macrocycles
Abstract: A new family of chiral C2 symmetric tetraazamacrocycles, coined ISAC for IminoSugar Aza-Crown, incorporating two iminosugars adopting a 4C1 conformation is disclosed. Multinuclear NMR experiments on the corresponding Cd2+ complex show that the ISAC is a strong chelator in water and its tetramine cavity adopts a conformation similar to that of the parent Cd−cyclam complex. Similar behavior is observed with Cu2+ in solution, with enhanced stability compared to the Cu−cyclam complex.
Published: 2020

35. Improving the performance of heterogeneous data centers through redundancy

Author: Elene Anton, Ina Maria Verloop, Urtzi Ayesta, Matthieu Jonckheere, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Instituto de Cálculo [Buenos Aires], Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Stochastic stability, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, load balancing, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, 010104 statistics & probability, Server, FOS: Mathematics, Computer Science (miscellaneous), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), 0101 mathematics, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), Processor sharing, business.industry, processor sharing, Probability (math.PR), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Nested set model, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Stability conditions, Hardware and Architecture, stochastic stability, redundancy models, business, Server system, Software, Mathematics - Probability, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; We analyze the performance of redundancy in a multi-type job and multi-type server system. We assume the job dispatcher is unaware of the servers' capacities, and we set out to study under which circumstances redundancy improves the performance. With redundancy an arriving job dispatches redundant copies to all its compatible servers, and departs as soon as one of its copies completes service. As a benchmark comparison, we take the non-redundant system in which a job arrival is routed to only one randomly selected compatible server. Service times are generally distributed and all copies of a job are identical, i.e., have the same service requirement. In our first main result, we characterize the sufficient and necessary stability conditions of the redundancy system. This condition coincides with that of a system where each job type only dispatches copies into its least-loaded servers, and those copies need to be fully served. In our second result, we compare the stability regions of the system under redundancy to that of no redundancy. We show that if the server's capacities are sufficiently heterogeneous, the stability region under redundancy can be much larger than that without redundancy. We apply the general solution to particular classes of systems, including redundancy-d and nested models, to derive simple conditions on the degree of heterogeneity required for redundancy to improve the stability. As such, our result is the first in showing that redundancy can improve the stability and hence performance of a system when copies are non-i.i.d..
Published: 2020

36. High-throughput calculations of magnetic topological materials

Author: Nicolas Regnault, Maia G. Vergniory, Benjamin J. Wieder, B. Andrei Bernevig, Yuanfeng Xu, Claudia Felser, Luis Elcoro, Zhida Song, Yulin Chen, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Department of Physics, Princeton University (DPPU), Princeton University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Northeastern University [Boston], Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Théorie de la Matière Condensée, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), ShanghaiTech University [Shanghai], Tsinghua University [Beijing] (THU), Clarendon Laboratory [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids (CPfS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Harvard University [Cambridge], Freie Universität Berlin, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Multidisciplinary, Materials science, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Electronic structure, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Topology, 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, Paramagnetism, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Hall effect, Topological insulator, Magnet, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Axion, Topology (chemistry), Phase diagram
Abstract: The discoveries of intrinsically magnetic topological materials, including semimetals with a large anomalous Hall effect and axion insulators, have directed fundamental research in solid-state materials. Topological quantum chemistry has enabled the understanding of and the search for paramagnetic topological materials. Using magnetic topological indices obtained from magnetic topological quantum chemistry (MTQC), here we perform a high-throughput search for magnetic topological materials based on first-principles calculations. We use as our starting point the Magnetic Materials Database on the Bilbao Crystallographic Server, which contains more than 549 magnetic compounds with magnetic structures deduced from neutron-scattering experiments, and identify 130 enforced semimetals (for which the band crossings are implied by symmetry eigenvalues), and topological insulators. For each compound, we perform complete electronic structure calculations, which include complete topological phase diagrams using different values of the Hubbard potential. Using a custom code to find the magnetic co-representations of all bands in all magnetic space groups, we generate data to be fed into the algorithm of MTQC to determine the topology of each magnetic material. Several of these materials display previously unknown topological phases, including symmetry-indicated magnetic semimetals, three-dimensional anomalous Hall insulators and higher-order magnetic semimetals. We analyse topological trends in the materials under varying interactions: 60 per cent of the 130 topological materials have topologies sensitive to interactions, and the others have stable topologies under varying interactions. We provide a materials database for future experimental studies and open-source code for diagnosing topologies of magnetic materials., 228 pages; Full topologies and band structures are provided on the Topological Magnetic Materials Database https://www.topologicalquantumchemistry.fr/magnetic/
Published: 2020

37. Population balance approach for predicting polymer particles morphology

Author: Rusconi, Simone, Dutykh, Denys, Zarnescu, Arghir, Sokolovski, Dmitri, Akhmatskaya, Elena, Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Laboratoire de Mathématiques (LAMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions (INSMI), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), 'Simion Stoilow' Institute of Mathematics (IMAR), Romanian Academy of Sciences, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), and DUTYKH, Denys
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CLASS-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Classical Physics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn], [MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], [INFO.INFO-NA]Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], [INFO.INFO-NA] Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA], [PHYS.MECA.MEFL] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CLASS-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Classical Physics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: 2 pages, 8 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/; International audience; Polymer particles morphology can be defined as a pattern of phase-separated domains comprising a multi-phase polymer particle [1]. Properties of a polymer particle strongly depend on its morphology, and thus the control of particle morphology is a key factor for success in producing high-quality polymers materials, such as coatings, adhesives and additives [2]. Currently, an accurate prediction of particles morphology is still a challenge due to its complexity. Several modelling approaches, describing the dynamics of the morphology of a single particle, have been suggested in the last few years [3, 4, 5]. However, the single-particle approaches only provide a partial view of realistic systems, containing millions of particles. Furthermore, such models are computationally demanding even with the use of High-Performance Computers.
Published: 2020

38. Multi-dimensional rules

Author: Sébastien Courtin, Annick Laruelle, Centre de recherche en économie et management (CREM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, ANR-14-CE24-0007-02, CoCoRICo-CoDEC research program, France, ECO2015-67519-P, Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Basque Government, Spain, and ANR-14-CE24-0007,CoCoRICo-CoDec,Calcul, Communication, Rationalité et Incitations en Décision Collective et Coopérative(2014)
Subjects: Theoretical computer science, Sociology and Political Science, Computer science, 05 social sciences, General Social Sciences, Context (language use), Characterization (mathematics), Multi-dimensional rules, 16. Peace & justice, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Separable space, 0502 economics and business, Multi dimensional, Independence (mathematical logic), Weightedness, 050206 economic theory, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Decision-making, Decision making process, Separability relation, General Psychology, 050205 econometrics
Abstract: International audience; Highlights The decision structures aggregate the opinions of voters on several dimensions. Characterization of weighted multi-dimensional rules is provided. Some multi-dimensional rules are represented by a combination of single dimension rules. Links to the referendum paradox and the Ostrogorski paradox are made.AbstractThis paper deals with rules that specify the collective acceptance or rejection of a proposal with several dimensions. We introduce the notions of separability and weightedness in this context. We provide a partial characterization of separable rules and show the independence between separability and weightedness.
Published: 2020

39. Cholangiocarcinoma 2020: the next horizon in mechanisms and management

Author: Sergio A. Gradilone, Mario Strazzabosco, Jesper B. Andersen, Cédric Coulouarn, Gregory J. Gores, Rocio I.R. Macias, John Bridgewater, Pedro M. Rodrigues, Vincenzo Cardinale, Lewis R. Roberts, Chiara Raggi, Chiara Braconi, Anja Moncsek, Jordi Bruix, Shahid A. Khan, Juan W. Valle, Marco Marzioni, Alejandro Forner, Angela Lamarca, Domenico Alvaro, Luca Fabris, Guido Carpino, Luke Boulter, Maria J. Perugorria, Joachim C. Mertens, Julie K. Heimbach, Sumera Rizvi, Eugenio Gaudio, Jesus M. Banales, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Jose J.G. Marin, Diego F. Calvisi, Pietro Invernizzi, Laura Fouassier, European Commission, Surgery, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Universidad de Salamanca, University of Manchester [Manchester], Imperial College London, Mayo Clinic, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Università degli Studi di Roma 'Foro Italico', University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of Glasgow, Universität Regensburg (UR), Yale University [New Haven], University of Edinburgh, University of Minnesota System, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [FIS PI12/00380, FIS PI15/01132, FIS PI18/01075, CON14/00129, FIS PI14/00399, FIS PI17/00022, RYC-2015-17755], 'Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional' (FEDER)European Union (EU), ISCIII CIBERehd, Diputacion Foral de Gipuzkoa [DFG15/010, DFG16/004], BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research: EiTB Maratoia) [BIO15/CA/016/BD], Department of Health of the Basque CountryBasque Government [2015111100, 2017111010], 'Fundacion Cientifica de la Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer' (AECC Scientific Foundation), European Commission Horizon 2020 programme (ESCALON project) [825510], Danish Medical Research CouncilDanish Medical Research Council, Danish Cancer SocietyDanish Cancer Society, Novo Nordisk FoundationNovo Nordisk Foundation, A.P. MOller Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, SpainInstituto de Salud Carlos III [PI16/00598, PI18/00428], European Regional Development FundEuropean Union (EU), Ministry of Science and Innovation, SpainSpanish Government [SAF2016-75197-R], 'Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer', Spain (AECC-2017), 'Centro Internacional sobre el Envejecimiento', Spain (OLD-HEPAMARKER) [0348-CIE-6-E], Christie Charity, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy [040020_R.SCIENT.A_2018_MARZIONI_M_STRATEGICO_2017], Yale Liver Center Clinical and Translational Core and the Cellular and Molecular Core (Silvio O. Conte Digestive Diseases Research Center) [DK034989], INSERMInstitut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Universite de Rennes, INCaInstitut National du Cancer (INCA) France, ITMO Cancer AVIESAN dans le cadre du Plan Cancer (Non-coding RNA in Cancerology: Fundamental to Translational), Ligue Contre le CancerLigue nationale contre le cancer, Region BretagneRegion Bretagne, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIInstituto de Salud Carlos III [PI18/00763], AECC [PI044031], WCR (AICR) [16-0026], ISCIIIInstituto de Salud Carlos III [PI13/01229, PI18/00542], Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIInstituto de Salud Carlos III, EASL Registry Award 2016 (European CCA Registry, ENS-CCA), EASL Registry Award 2019 (European CCA Registry, ENS-CCA), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Banales, J, Marin, J, Lamarca, A, Rodrigues, P, Khan, S, Roberts, L, Cardinale, V, Carpino, G, Andersen, J, Braconi, C, Calvisi, D, Perugorria, M, Fabris, L, Boulter, L, Macias, R, Gaudio, E, Alvaro, D, Gradilone, S, Strazzabosco, M, Marzioni, M, Coulouarn, C, Fouassier, L, Raggi, C, Invernizzi, P, Mertens, J, Moncsek, A, Rizvi, S, Heimbach, J, Koerkamp, B, Bruix, J, Forner, A, Bridgewater, J, Valle, J, Gores, G, and HAL UR1, Admin
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diagnostic tools, Bioinformatics, bile duct neoplasms, cholangiocarcinoma, humans, Cholangiocarcinoma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Biomarker discovery, 030304 developmental biology, Cancer, 0303 health sciences, Biliary tract cancer, Hepatology, business.industry, Extramural, Gastroenterology, Consensus Statement, Expert consensus, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Bile Duct Neoplasms, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatology, cholangiocarcinoma, therapy, business
Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) includes a cluster of highly heterogeneous biliary malignant tumours that can arise at any point of the biliary tree. Their incidence is increasing globally, currently accounting for ~15% of all primary liver cancers and ~3% of gastrointestinal malignancies. The silent presentation of these tumours combined with their highly aggressive nature and refractoriness to chemotherapy contribute to their alarming mortality, representing ~2% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide yearly. The current diagnosis of CCA by non-invasive approaches is not accurate enough, and histological confirmation is necessary. Furthermore, the high heterogeneity of CCAs at the genomic, epigenetic and molecular levels severely compromises the efficacy of the available therapies. In the past decade, increasing efforts have been made to understand the complexity of these tumours and to develop new diagnostic tools and therapies that might help to improve patient outcomes. In this expert Consensus Statement, which is endorsed by the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma, we aim to summarize and critically discuss the latest advances in CCA, mostly focusing on classification, cells of origin, genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, molecular alterations, biomarker discovery and treatments. Furthermore, the horizon of CCA for the next decade from 2020 onwards is highlighted., Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) comprises heterogeneous biliary malignant tumours, and their incidence is increasing worldwide. This expert Consensus Statement, endorsed by the ENS-CCA, summarizes the latest advances in CCA, including classification, genetics and treatment, and provides recommendations for CCA management and priorities across basic, translational and clinical research.
Published: 2020
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40. Parameter self-tuning schemes for the two phase test sample sparse representation classifier

Author: Y. Ruichek, Y. El Traboulsi, Fadi Dornaika, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Laboratoire d'Electronique, d'Informatique et d'Image [EA 7508] (Le2i), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: SELECTION, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Complex system, Computational intelligence, 02 engineering and technology, Two phase test sample sparse representation, Clusters, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Artificial Intelligence, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Test sample, Sparse representation, business.industry, Self-tuning, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, Classification, Sparse representation classifier, MACHINE, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Parameter self-tuning, Performance evaluation, ROBUST FACE RECOGNITION, A priori and a posteriori, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, business, Classifier (UML), Software, Coding (social sciences)
Abstract: International audience; Sparse Representation Classifier (SRC) and its variants were considered as powerful classifiers in the domains of computer vision and pattern recognition. However, classifying test samples is computationally expensive due to the l1norm minimization problem that should be solved in order to get the sparse code. Therefore, these classifiers could not be the right choice for scenarios requiring fast classification. In order to overcome the expensive computational cost of SRC, a two-phase coding classifier based on classic Regularized Least Square was proposed. This classifier is more efficient than SRC. A significant limitation of this classifier is the fact that the number of the samples that should be handed over to the next coding phase should be specified a priori. This paper overcomes this main limitation and proposes five data-driven schemes allowing an automatic estimation of the optimal size of the local samples. These schemes handle the three cases that are encountered in any learning system: supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised. Experiments are conducted on five image datasets. These experiments show that the introduced learning schemes can improve the performance of the two-phase linear coding classifier adopting ad-hoc choices for the number of local samples.
Published: 2020

41. A token-based central queue with order-independent service rates

Author: Ayesta, Urtzi, Bodas, Tejas, Dorsman, Jan-Pieter, Verloop, Ina Maria, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IIT Dharwad (IITD), Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: product form, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], token-based, redundancy system, order-independent queue, matching model
Abstract: International audience; We study a token-based central queue with multiple customer types. Customers of each type arrive according to a Poisson process and have an associated set of compatible tokens. Customers may only receive service when they have claimed a compatible token. If upon arrival, more than one compatible token is available, an assignment rule determines which token will be claimed. The service rate obtained by a customer is state-dependent, i.e., it depends on the set of claimed tokens and on the number of customers in the system. Our first main result shows that, provided the assignment rule and the service rates satisfy certain conditions, the steady-state distribution has a product form. We show that our model subsumes known families of models that have product-form steady-state distributions including the order-independent queue of [20] and the model of [22]. Our second main contribution involves the derivation of expressions for relevant performance measures such as the sojourn time and the number of customers present in the system. We apply our framework to relevant models, including an M/M/K queue with heterogeneous service rates, the MSCCC queue and multi-server models with redundancy. For some of these models, we present expressions for performance measures that have not been derived before.
Published: 2020

42. Pan‐regional marine benthic cryptobiome biodiversity patterns revealed by metabarcoding Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures

Author: Xabier Irigoien, James R. Watson, Romain David, Abigail E. Cahill, John K. Pearman, Guillem Chust, Susana Carvalho, Eva Aylagas, Roberto Danovaro, Snejana Moncheva, Ernesto Villarino, Anne Chenuil, Iñaki Mendibil, María C. Uyarra, Naiara Rodríguez-Ezpeleta, Ángel Borja, Laura Carugati, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Cawthron Institute, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Oregon State University (OSU), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Albion College, Università Politecnica delle Marche [Ancona] (UNIVPM), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute of Oceanology of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (IO-BAS), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), European Project: 308392,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2012-two-stage,DEVOTES(2012), University of California (UC), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Aquatic Organisms, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), Biodiversity, ecological monitoring, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, dispersal limitation, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Benthos, Genetics, 14. Life underwater, ecological niche, Reef, Indian Ocean, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, biodiversity, Ecological niche, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, metapopulation, 030104 developmental biology, climate change, Black Sea, Benthic zone, ecosystem connectivity, Spatial ecology, Biological dispersal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Bay, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) have been applied worldwide to characterize the critical yet frequently overlooked biodiversity patterns of marine benthic organisms. In order to disentangle the relevance of environmental factors in benthic patterns, here, through standardized metabarcoding protocols, we analyze sessile and mobile (
Published: 2020

43. Essential Omega-3 Fatty Acids Tune Microglial Phagocytosis of Synaptic Elements in the Mouse Developing Brain

Author: Madore, C., Leyrolle, Q., Morel, L., Rossitto, M., Greenhalgh, A., Delpech, J., Martinat, M., Bosch-Bouju, C., Bourel, J., Rani, B., Lacabanne, C., Thomazeau, A., Hopperton, K., Beccari, S., Sere, A., Aubert, A., De Smedt-Peyrusse, V., Lecours, C., Bisht, K., Fourgeaud, L., Grégoire, Stéphane, Brétillon, Lionel, Acar, Niyazi, Grant, N., Badaut, J., Gressens, P., Sierra, A., Butovsky, O., Tremblay, M., Bazinet, R., Joffre, Corinne, Nadjar, Agnès, Layé, Sophie, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, University of the Basque Country, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CRCHUQ), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Cytologie et cytopatholgie neuronales CNRS UPR 3212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), The Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), the Bordeaux Univ, the Foundation for Medical Research (FRM, DEQ20170336724 to S.L.), the French Foundation (FDF, #00070700) and the Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau (FRC Connect). C.M. was funded by the French Ministry for Research and by the Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (ARF201909009101), CBB was supported by the French National Agency for Research (ANR-12-BSV4-0025-04, to S.L.) and Agreenskills (MSCA cofund-INRAE), J.C.D. was supported by the Region Nouvelle Aquitaine (2011.1303003, to S.L.), Q.L. was supported by the Region Ile de France (PICRI, the Ceberal Palsy Foundation #13020605, to A.N.) and the FRM, AT was supported by the French National Agency for Research (ANR-2010-BLAN-141403, to S.L.), ADG was supported by Agreenskills (MSCA cofund-INRAE) and Marie-Curie European Grant, C.L. was supported by Idex grant, M.M. was funded by FRM (DEQ20170336724, to S.L.) and M.R. was supported by the Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (2017-1R30237-00013179, to S.L.). A.S. was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness with FEDER funds to AS (BFU2015-66689, RYC-2013-12817), a BBVA Foundation Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators to A.S., and a Basque Government grant (PI_2016_1_0011) to AS. PG was supported by Inserm, Université de Paris, ERA-NET Neuron (Micromet). This work was partly funded by NeurATRIS ANR-11-INBS-0011 of the French Investissements d’Avenir Program run by the ANR. MET, C.L., and K.B. were supported by grants from NARSAD and the CIHR awarded to MET., Nature Research, ANR-12-BSV4-0025,MoodFood,Dépression et Nutrition(2012), ANR-10-BLAN-1414,Neurobese,Le rôle de la voie mTORC1 dans la modulation de la neurogenèse adulte et de la neuroinflammation hypothalamiques dans l'obésité alimentaire.(2010), and ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010)
Subjects: Male, Lydia Becker Institute, Science, brain, Lipoxygenase, Hippocampus, Article, functional maturation, neurodevelopmental diseases, Mice, Phagocytosis, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/lydia_becker_institute_of_immunology_and_inflammation, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, dietary habits, Neurons, Neuronal Plasticity, omega-3 fatty acids, Neurodevelopmental disorders, food and beverages, Brain, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cellular neuroscience, Dietary Supplements, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, Microglia, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are essential for the functional maturation of the brain. Westernization of dietary habits in both developed and developing countries is accompanied by a progressive reduction in dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs. Low maternal intake of n-3 PUFAs has been linked to neurodevelopmental diseases in Humans. However, the n-3 PUFAs deficiency-mediated mechanisms affecting the development of the central nervous system are poorly understood. Active microglial engulfment of synapses regulates brain development. Impaired synaptic pruning is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we identify a molecular mechanism for detrimental effects of low maternal n-3 PUFA intake on hippocampal development in mice. Our results show that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency increases microglia-mediated phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the rodent developing hippocampus, partly through the activation of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)/12-HETE signaling, altering neuronal morphology and affecting cognitive performance of the offspring. These findings provide a mechanistic insight into neurodevelopmental defects caused by maternal n-3 PUFAs dietary deficiency., Altered fatty acid intake during pregnancy is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, the authors show that maternal omega-3 fatty acids deficiency results in altered microglia-mediated phagocytosis of synaptic elements leading to impaired cognitive functions in the offspring in mice.
Published: 2020

44. Axially chiral Ni(II) complexes of α-amino acids: Separation of enantiomers and kinetics of racemization

Author: Wenzhong Zhang, Jianlin Han, Hidenori Abe, Hiroki Moriwaki, Christian Roussel, Romuald Eto Ekomo, Vadim A. Soloshonok, Nanjing University (NJU), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hamari Chemicals, University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Resolution (mass spectrometry), Stereochemistry, Kinetics, rotational energy barriers, Glycine, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, Analytical Chemistry, Nickel, Drug Discovery, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Amino Acids, chiral HPLC, Racemization, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Schiff Bases, Spectroscopy, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Enantioselective synthesis, Stereoisomerism, Fluorine, 0104 chemical sciences, Amino acid, Chiral column chromatography, chemistry, axial chirality, kinetic of racemization, Enantiomer
Abstract: International audience; Herein we present design, synthesis, chiral HPLC resolution, and kinetics of racemization of axially chiral Ni(II) complexes of glycine and di-(benzyl)glycine Schiff bases. We found that while the ortho-fluoro derivatives are configuration-ally unstable, the pure enantiomers of corresponding axially chiral ortho-chloro-containing complexes can be isolated by preparative HPLC and show exceptional configurational stability (t 1/2 from 4 to 216 centuries) at ambient conditions. Synthetic implications of this discovery for the development of new generation of axially chiral auxiliaries, useful for general asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids, are discussed.
Published: 2018

45. Proneural genes define ground-state rules to regulate neurogenic patterning and cortical folding

Author: Imrul Faisal, Rajiv Dixit, Carol Schuurmans, Adam Sivitilli, Jennifer A. Chan, Lata Adnani, Grey Wilkinson, Ana-Maria Oproescu, Veronique Cortay, Hussein Ghazale, Antonio del Sol, Sisu Han, Yaroslav Ilnytskyy, Eko Raharjo, Vorapin Chinchalongporn, Waleed Rahmani, Faizan Malik, Igor Kovalchuk, Yacine Touahri, Diogo S. Castro, Vladimir Espinosa Angarica, Matthew Brooks, Lakshmy Vasan, Dawn Zinyk, Lígia Tavares, Luke Ajay David, Satoshi Okawa, Anand Swaroop, Jeff Biernaskie, Wei Wu, Liliana Attisano, Colette Dehay, Saiqun Li, Jinghua Gao, Deborah M. Kurrasch, Jung-Woong Kim, University of Toronto, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], University of Calgary, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Institut cellule souche et cerveau / Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute (U1208 Inserm - UCBL1 / SBRI - USC 1361 INRAE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sunnybrook Research Institute [Toronto] (SRI), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Dehay, Colette, Universidade do Porto, and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: Male, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Neurogenesis, epigenome, Notch signaling pathway, Gene regulatory network, gene regulatory network, neural progenitor cells, Mice, Transgenic, Neocortex, Proneural genes, Biology, lineage priming, Time-Lapse Imaging, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, medicine, Animals, Humans, transcriptome, HES1, Notch signaling, Cells, Cultured, 030304 developmental biology, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, proneural genes, General Neuroscience, neural lineages, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Cell Differentiation, cortical folding, Neural stem cell, Chromatin, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Macaca fascicularis, ASCL1, medicine.anatomical_structure, embryonic structures, NIH 3T3 Cells, Female, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Asymmetric neuronal expansion is thought to drive evolutionary transitions between lissencephalic and gyrencephalic cerebral cortices. We report that Neurog2 and Ascl1 proneural genes together sustain neurogenic continuity and lissencephaly in rodent cortices. Using transgenic reporter mice and human cerebral organoids, we found that Neurog2 and Ascl1 expression defines a continuum of four lineage-biased neural progenitor cell (NPC) pools. Double+ NPCs, at the hierarchical apex, are least lineage restricted due to Neurog2-Ascl1 cross-repression and display unique features of multipotency (more open chromatin, complex gene regulatory network, G2 pausing). Strikingly, selectively eliminating double+ NPCs by crossing Neurog2-Ascl1 split-Cre mice with diphtheria toxin-dependent "deleter" strains locally disrupts Notch signaling, perturbs neurogenic symmetry, and triggers cortical folding. In support of our discovery that double+ NPCs are Notch-ligand-expressing "niche" cells that control neurogenic periodicity and cortical folding, NEUROG2, ASCL1, and HES1 transcript distribution is modular (adjacent high/low zones) in gyrencephalic macaque cortices, prefiguring future folds.
Published: 2021

46. Insult-induced aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis: Functional consequences and possible therapeutic strategies

Author: I. Durá, Djoher Nora Abrous, Paul J. Lucassen, Juan M. Encinas, Pascal Bielefeld, Carlos P. Fitzsimons, J. Danielewicz, Veerle Baekelandt, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (Neurocentre Magendie - U1215 Inserm), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: Traumatic brain injury, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurogenesis, Hippocampus, Hippocampal formation, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Neural Stem Cells, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, medicine, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Mood Disorders, Cognition, medicine.disease, Neural stem cell, Stroke, Disease Models, Animal, Mood disorders, business, Cognition Disorders, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays a critical role in a wide spectrum of hippocampus-dependent functions. Brain pathologies that involve the hippocampus like epilepsy, stroke, and traumatic brain injury, are commonly associated with cognitive impairments and mood disorders. These insults can affect neural stem cells and the subsequent neurogenic cascade in the hippocampus, resulting in the induction of aberrant neurogenesis, which is thought to compromise hippocampal network function, thereby hampering hippocampus-dependent behavior. We here summarize recent preclinical literature on hippocampal insult-induced changes in neurogenesis and based on that, we propose that normalizing aberrant neurogenesis post-insult may help to prevent or rescue behavioral deficits which could help develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Published: 2019

47. Finite element approximation of Maxwell's equations with unfitted meshes for borehole simulations

Author: Théophile Chaumont-Frelet, Serge Nicaise, David Pardo, Numerical modeling and high performance computing for evolution problems in complex domains and heterogeneous media (NACHOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mathématiques et leurs Applications de Valenciennes - EA 4015 (LAMAV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM), Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), and Chaumont-Frelet, Théophile
Subjects: [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], [MATH.MATH-AP] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

48. Chromatin condensation fluctuations rather than steady-state predict chromatin accessibility

Author: Maïté Coppey-Moisan, Nicolas Audugé, Sergi Padilla-Parra, Marc Tramier, Nicolas Borghi, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, University of Oxford, Biosit : biologie, santé, innovation technologique (SFR UMS CNRS 3480 - INSERM 018), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), IBiSA, Fondation Recherche Medicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, France BioImaging infrastructure [ANR-10-INBS-04], ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Jonchère, Laurent, and Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée - - France-BioImaging2010 - ANR-10-INBS-0004 - INBS - VALID
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Green Fluorescent Proteins, Histones, 03 medical and health sciences, Adenosine Triphosphate, 0302 clinical medicine, Prophase, Genetics, medicine, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fluorescent Dyes, 030304 developmental biology, TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factors, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics, Condensation, Acetylation, Chromatin, Bromodomain, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Order (biology), HEK293 Cells, Histone, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Biophysics, Steady state (chemistry), Nucleus, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Chromatin accessibility to protein factors is critical for genome activities. Dynamic changes in nucleosomal DNA compaction and higher order chromatin structures are expected to allow specific sites to be accessible to regulatory factors and the transcriptional machinery. However, the dynamic properties of chromatin that regulate its accessibility are poorly understood. Here, we took advantage of the microenvironment sensitivity of the fluorescence lifetime of EGFP-H4 histone incorporated in chromatin to map in the nucleus of live cells the dynamics of chromatin condensation and its direct interaction with a tail acetylation recognition domain (the double bromodomain module of human TAFII250, dBD). We reveal chromatin condensation fluctuations supported by mechanisms fundamentally distinct from that of condensation. Fluctuations are spontaneous, yet their amplitudes are affected by their sub-nuclear localization and by distinct and competing mechanisms dependent on histone acetylation, ATP, and both. Moreover, we show that accessibility of acetylated histone H4 to dBD is not restricted by chromatin condensation nor predicted by acetylation, rather, it is predicted by chromatin condensation fluctuations.SignificanceIn higher eukaryotes, the structure and compaction of chromatin are considered as barriers to genome activities. Epigenetic marks such as post-translational modifications of histones can modify the structure and compaction of chromatin. The accessibility of protein factors to these epigenetic marks is therefore of paramount importance for genome activities. We reveal chromatin condensation fluctuations supported by mechanisms fundamentally distinct from that of condensation itself. We show that accessibility of acetylated histone H4 to double bromodomains is not restricted by chromatin condensation nor predicted by acetylation, rather, it is predicted by chromatin condensation fluctuations.ClassificationBiological Sciences, Cell Biology
Published: 2019

49. Joint Graph Based Embedding and Feature Weighting for Image Classification

Author: Yassine Ruichek, Ruifeng Zhu, Fadi Dornaika, Laboratoire d'Electronique, d'Informatique et d'Image [EA 7508] (Le2i), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Science Department [San Sebastian], Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), and Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque)
Subjects: semi-supervised learning, Clustering high-dimensional data, Optimization problem, Computer science, Feature selection, 02 engineering and technology, Semi-supervised learning, 01 natural sciences, supervised learning, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Kernel (linear algebra), 03 medical and health sciences, feature selection, 0302 clinical medicine, Artificial Intelligence, Graph-based embedding, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 010306 general physics, Contextual image classification, business.industry, Supervised learning, Pattern recognition, Manifold, Graph, Weighting, Signal Processing, Graph (abstract data type), Embedding, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, business, Algorithm, Software, Subspace topology, image classification
Abstract: Recently, several inductive and flexible nonlinear data projection methods for graph-based semi-supervised learning were proposed. These state-of-the art techniques have a good performance. However, they have not taken into account the relevance of the original features in their model estimation. In this paper, we propose a joint graph-based embedding and feature weighting for getting a flexible and inductive nonlinear data representation on manifolds. The proposed criterion explicitly estimates the feature weights together with the projected data and the linear transformation such that data smoothness and large margins are achieved in the projection space. Moreover, the paper introduces a kernel variant of the model in order to get an inductive nonlinear embedding that is close to a real nonlinear subspace for a good approximation of the embedded data. The proposed frameworks can be seamlessly used in semi-supervised and supervised settings. The resulting optimization problems can be solved efficiently. The proposed embedding methods are evaluated on six public scene and face datasets. Experiments on image classification, in a semi-supervised setting, show that our proposed methods can have a performance that is better than that of many state-of-the-art methods including linear and nonlinear methods.
Published: 2019

50. Correction d'Article : Arabidopsis ubiquitin ligase MIEL1 mediates degradation of the transcription factor MYB30 weakening plant defence (vol 4, pg 1476, 2013)

Author: Marino, Daniel, Froidure, Solene, Canonne, Joanne, Ben Khaled, Sara, Khafif, Mehdi, Pouzet, Cécile, Jauneau, Alain, Roby, Dominique, Rivas, Susana, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), John Innes Centre [Norwich], Plateforme Imagerie Microscopie, Fédération de Recherche FR3450, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

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