1. Iron Overload Exacerbates Busulfan-Melphalan Toxicity Through a Pharmacodynamic Interaction in Mice
- Author
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Lionel Mercier, Alain Deroussent, Fabienne Munier, Clémentine Richard, Dominique Valteau-Couanet, Angelo Paci, Gilles Vassal, Bassim Tou, Jérôme Bouligand, Cedric Orear, Paule Opolon, Romain Kessari, Nicolas Simonnard, and Estelle Daudigeos-Dubus
- Subjects
Male ,Melphalan ,Iron Overload ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Autologous stem-cell transplantation ,Pharmacokinetics ,Neuroblastoma ,medicine ,Animals ,Drug Interactions ,Pharmacology (medical) ,cardiovascular diseases ,Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ,Busulfan ,Chemotherapy ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug interaction ,medicine.disease ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,surgical procedures, operative ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Toxicity ,Molecular Medicine ,Biotechnology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Busulfan-melphalan high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is an essential consolidation treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma in children. Main treatment limitation is hepatic veno-occlusive disease, the most severe and frequent extra-hematological toxicity. This life threatening toxicity has been related to a drug interaction between busulfan and melphalan which might be increased by prior disturbance of iron homeostasis, i.e. an increased plasma ferritin level.We performed an experimental study of busulfan and melphalan pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetics in iron overloaded mice.Iron excess dramatically increased the toxicity of melphalan or busulfan melphalan combination in mice but it did not modify the clearance of either busulfan or melphalan. We show that prior busulfan treatment impairs the clearance of melphalan. This clearance alteration was exacerbated in iron overloaded mice demonstrating a pharmacokinetic interaction. Additionally, iron overload increased melphalan toxicity without altering its pharmacokinetics, suggesting a pharmacodynamic interaction between iron and melphalan. Based on iron homeostasis disturbance, we postulated that prior induction of ferritin, through Nrf2 activation after oxidative stress, may be associated with the alteration of melphalan metabolism.Iron overload increases melphalan and busulfan-melphalan toxicity through a pharmacodynamic interaction and reveals a pharmacokinetic drug interaction between busulfan and melphalan.
- Published
- 2016