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Summary Background Heterogeneity is a major obstacle to developing effective treatments for patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. We aimed to develop a robust method for stratification, exploiting heterogeneity in patient-reported symptoms, and to relate these differences to pathobiology and therapeutic response. Methods We did hierarchical cluster analysis using five common symptoms associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pain, fatigue, dryness, anxiety, and depression), followed by multinomial logistic regression to identify subgroups in the UK Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Registry (UKPSSR). We assessed clinical and biological differences between these subgroups, including transcriptional differences in peripheral blood. Patients from two independent validation cohorts in Norway and France were used to confirm patient stratification. Data from two phase 3 clinical trials were similarly stratified to assess the differences between subgroups in treatment response to hydroxychloroquine and rituximab. Findings In the UKPSSR cohort (n=608), we identified four subgroups: Low symptom burden (LSB), high symptom burden (HSB), dryness dominant with fatigue (DDF), and pain dominant with fatigue (PDF). Significant differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibody positivity, as well as serum IgG, κ-free light chain, β2-microglobulin, and CXCL13 concentrations were observed between these subgroups, along with differentially expressed transcriptomic modules in peripheral blood. Similar findings were observed in the independent validation cohorts (n=396). Reanalysis of trial data stratifying patients into these subgroups suggested a treatment effect with hydroxychloroquine in the HSB subgroup and with rituximab in the DDF subgroup compared with placebo. Interpretation Stratification on the basis of patient-reported symptoms of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome revealed distinct pathobiological endotypes with distinct responses to immunomodulatory treatments. Our data have important implications for clinical management, trial design, and therapeutic development. Similar stratification approaches might be useful for patients with other chronic immune-mediated diseases. Funding UK Medical Research Council, British Sjogren's Syndrome Association, French Ministry of Health, Arthritis Research UK, Foundation for Research in Rheumatology. Video Abstract Download : Download video (77MB) Symptom-based stratification of patients with Sjogren's syndrome

Objective:\ud \ud Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased cardiovascular event (CVE) risk. The impact of statins in RA is not established. We assessed whether atorvastatin is superior to placebo for the primary prevention of CVEs in RA patients.\ud Methods:\ud \ud A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was designed to detect a 32% CVE risk reduction based on an estimated 1.6% per annum event rate with 80% power at P < 0.05. RA patients age >50 years or with a disease duration of >10 years who did not have clinical atherosclerosis, diabetes, or myopathy received atorvastatin 40 mg daily or matching placebo. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or any arterial revascularization. Secondary and tertiary end points included plasma lipids and safety.\ud Results:\ud \ud A total of 3,002 patients (mean age 61 years; 74% female) were followed up for a median of 2.51 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.90, 3.49 years) (7,827 patient‐years). The study was terminated early due to a lower than expected event rate (0.70% per annum). Of the 1,504 patients receiving atorvastatin, 24 (1.6%) experienced a primary end point, compared with 36 (2.4%) of the 1,498 receiving placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.39, 1.11]; P = 0.115 and adjusted HR 0.60 [95% CI 0.32, 1.15]; P = 0.127). At trial end, patients receiving atorvastatin had a mean ± SD low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level 0.77 ± 0.04 mmoles/liter lower than those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001). C‐reactive protein level was also significantly lower in the atorvastatin group than the placebo group (median 2.59 mg/liter [IQR 0.94, 6.08] versus 3.60 mg/liter [IQR 1.47, 7.49]; P < 0.0001). CVE risk reduction per mmole/liter reduction in LDL cholesterol was 42% (95% CI −14%, 70%). The rates of adverse events in the atorvastatin group (n = 298 [19.8%]) and placebo group (n = 292 [19.5%]) were similar.\ud Conclusion:\ud \ud Atorvastatin 40 mg daily is safe and results in a significantly greater reduction of LDL cholesterol level than placebo in patients with RA. The 34% CVE risk reduction is consistent with the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration meta‐analysis of statin effects in other populations.

Euryglossula storeyi n. sp. Figs 17, 31, 36 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male;, Walsh River, via Chillagoe, Queensland, 28 Oct 1976, R. I. Storey, in QM (T207000). PARATYPES (2&female;&female;, 1&male;, in QM), same data as holotype (T207001–3). Diagnosis. Female black dorsally, clypeus and supraclypeal area yellow, distal clypeal margin with two projections. Distinguished from E. chalcosoma by absence yellow in paraocular areas and teeth on clypeal margin. Male face yellow to top of fovea, metasoma brown dorsally, scutum with anterolateral yellow marks reaching only to mid-tegula. Distinguished from E. chalcosoma by narrower clypeus, shorter anterolateral marks on scutum, from E. elizabethae by brown metasoma and from E. microdonta by absence of black patch on lower mesepisternum and shorter anterolateral marks on scutum. Description. Female.—Head width 0.98 mm, body length 3.1 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 40, UID 29, LID 22, FVL 12, CW 21, CL 8, FL 25. Head black with the following yellow: clypeus, lower paraocular area adjacent to inner orbit, labrum, mandibles, lower gena and antenna ventrally. Ventral margin of clypeus with pair of blunt teeth laterally. Frons moderately tessellate with weak, open punctures. Mesosoma black with the following yellow: metanotal tubercle, spot on tegula, alar sclerites and legs (except hind coxa brown basally, hind tibia with brown mark). Scutum weakly tessellate with dense punctures. Wing veins weakly pigmented. Metasoma black with S3–5 apically and T 2–4 apicolaterally translucent, preceded by a narrow yellow line, T 6 yellow apically with an orangebrown pygidial plate. Male.—Head width 0.85 mm, body length 2.5 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 41, UID 32, LID 23, FVL 8, CW 21, CL 9, FL 27. Head yellow with vertex, occiput and frons medially down to about top of fovea black. Frons tessellate with close punctures. Mesosoma black dorsally, with anterolateral corners of scutum yellow to midtegula. Pronotum laterally, mesepisternum (except upper half above episternal groove) and small part of metepisternum ventrally yellow, remainder black. Scutum strongly tessellate with dense, weak punctures. Metasoma entirely dark brown, or anterior half brown with remainder dark brown. Fringe on S5 dense and plumose except medially. Remarks. The type series carry labels indicating that they were collected from “ Melaleuca sp.”, but were stored in a unit tray containing only the four specimens and a note in the same hand as that on the labels stating “plant is Eugenia eucalyptoides ” (currently known as Syzygium eucalyptoides). Etymology. The species is named after the late Ross Storey who collected the only currently known specimens of this species., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 254, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527

Euryglossula incisa n. sp. Figs 10, 24, 36 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male;, 13 km E of Cheepie, Queensland (26°38'S 145°8'E), 9 Sep 1989, E. Exley, G. Daniels and C. Burwell, on Eucalyptus thozetiana in QM (T234951). PARATYPES (15&female;&female;, 4&male;&male;, all in QM). Queensland: 11&female;&female;, 4&male;&male;, same data as holotype (QM T234952–962, T234963–966); 4&female;&female;, 5 km W of Cheepie, Queensland (26°38'S 144°47'E), 9 Sep 1989, E. Exley, G. Daniels and C. Burwell, on Eucalyptus ochrophloia (QM T234967–970). Diagnosis. Female mostly black, lower face brown with clypeus mostly yellow and paraocular areas with yellow suffusions. Distinguished from E. eremophilae and E. kubinensis by almost parallel inner orbits. Male face yellow to bottom of fovea, metasomal terga with large lateral yellow marks viewed from above. Distinguished from E. purpurea by black scutellum, from E. fultoni by yellow line adjacent to upper half of inner orbit and from E. deserti primarily by terminalia. Description. Female.—Head width 1.10 mm, body length 3.5 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 41, UID 30, LID 28, FVL 10, CW 25, CL 9, FL 22. Head and mesosoma dark brown with following dull yellow: clypeus, scape and flagellum ventrally, mandibles, gena ventrally, pronotal tubercle, tegula, alar sclerites, trochanters and femora distally. Paraocular areas with dull yellow suffusions, legs yellow with brown areas on coxae, femora and tibiae. Frons moderately tessellate with weak punctures; scutum weakly tessellate with close punctures. Fore basitarsal setae stiff, weakly capitate; setae on ta2–4 stiff, short, hooked. Metasoma black with posterolateral corners T 2–5 translucent, occasionally with narrow yellow line. Male.—Head width 0.99 mm, body length 2.9 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 42, UID 32, LID 28, FVL 10, CW 23, CL 8, FL 33. Head yellow except vertex, occiput and frons medially black to bottom of fovea, scape and flagellum brown dorsally. Mesosoma black dorsally with pronotum, anterolateral corners of scutum, tegula and alar sclerites yellow, ventrally yellow except lower mesepisternum with a brown mark and dark subalar pits. Sculpture similar to female, but tessellation somewhat stronger and punctures denser. Metasoma yellow ventrally, dark brown dorsally with T 6 and T 1–5 laterally, yellow. S5 with prominent fringe of white hair, short medially. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the dorsal colour pattern on the metasoma of the males., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 250, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527

Euryglossula pinnulata n. sp. Figs 1b, 2e, 6, 14, 28, 34 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male;, 19 km S Charleville, Queensland, 26.565°S 146.200°E, M. Batley, 6 Sep 2013, ex Calytrix longiflora in AM (K447281). PARATYPES (23&female;&female;, 17&male;&male;, all in AM), same data as holotype. (K447247–280, K470067–072). Diagnosis. Female mostly black, clypeus with yellowbrown suffusions, head elongate. Distinguished from E. carnarvonensis by length of facial fovea and large part of femora brown. Male with elongate head, yellow to top of fovea; S5 with two pairs of distinctive setae unlike any other species. Description. Female.—Head width 0.9 mm, body length 3.25 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 48, UID 31, LID 23, FVL 13, CW 22, CL 9, FL 27. Head black with clypeus, supraclypeal area and lower gena brown, mandible and labrum yellow-brown.Antenna yellow ventrally, dark brown dorsally. Labrum without an apical spine. Frons tessellate with sparse, fine punctures. Mesosoma black with pronotal tubercle, tegula, alar sclerites and legs yellow (with the following brown: coxae, trochanters medially, femora other than distal end, small brown patch on hind tibia and all distitarsi). Hind basitibial area defined by carinae only basally. Scutum tessellate with dense punctures. Metasoma dark brown, T 1–5 with translucent apical margins, T 6 pale yellow apically, pygidial plate amber; sterna lighter with irregular yellow-brown markings. Occasionally metasoma entirely black. Male.—Head width 0.85 mm, body length 2.7 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 46, UID 31, LID 24, FVL 8, CW 21, CL 10, FL 36. Head yellow with vertex, occiput and frons down to top of fovea black. Frons strongly tessellate obscuring any punctures. Mesosoma black with the following yellow: pronotum, lateral margins of scutum to rear of tegula, ventral half of mesepisternum except for a medial black patch. Scutum strongly tessellate with dense punctures. Metasoma dark brown dorsally (except apical tergal margins translucent), apical half of T 6 and venter yellow. S6 weakly concave, fringe on S5 reduced to sparse row of very long, plumose setae, including a pair of broad pinnate setae on each side. Metasomal S2–S5 have slightly elevated areas either side of midline (Fig. 6). Etymology. The specific name is a Latin adjective referring to the feather-like setae on the fifth sternum of the male., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 252, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527

Euryglossula laticeps n. sp. Figs 3c, 5c, 12, 26, 34 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male;, 15 km W of Windorah, Queensland, 24 Sep 1983, S. R. Monteith, on Eucalyptus terminalis in QM (T234986). PARATYPES (10&female;&female;, 3&male;&male;, all in QM), same data as holotype (QM T234987–999). Diagnosis. Female with head and mesosoma predominantly yellow, very like E. flava, but facial profile more strongly curved (Fig. 5). Male head entirely yellow, mandible inflexed apically with stout setae on ventral edge. Distinguished from E. flava and E. pallida by form of mandible and terminalia. Description. Female.—Head width 1.05 mm, body length 3.0 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 40, UID 29, LID 27, FVL 10, CW 24, CL 9, FL 24. Head yellow except occiput black, flagellum brown dorsally. Frons and scutum dull, weakly tessellate with dense punctures. Mesosoma yellow with irregular brown marks on scutum. Dorsal and posterior faces of propodeum and most suture lines black. Metasoma yellow with dorsum black medially. Male.—Head width 1.09 mm, body length 3.4 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 38, UID 30, LID 27, FVL 7, CW 24, CL 8, FL 24. Colour as for female except flagellum entirely yellow. Mandible with apical &frac13; inflexed, 3 or 4 stout setae at point of inflection (Fig. 3c). S5 with prominent fringe of white hair, longer laterally. Sculpture as for female but finer making the surface almost matt. Etymology. The specific name refers to the relatively broad head of this species., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New Species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 251, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665

Euryglossula eremophilae n. sp. Figs 3d, 9, 22, 36 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male;, 64 km N Bourke, New South Wales (29.514°S 145.817°E), 3 Sep 2013, M. Batley, ex Eremophila sturtii in AM (K447064). PARATYPES (5&female;&female;, 3&male;&male;). New South Wales: 2&female;&female;, 62 km N Bourke (29.533°S 145.828°E), 3 Sep 2013, M. Batley, ex Eremophila sturtii in AM (K447087, K447088). Queensland: 3&female;&female;, 3&male;&male;, ‘ Thylungra’, 100 km NW Quilpie, 23 Sep 1983, S. R. Monteith, on Eremophila sp. in QM (T234945–947, T234948–950). Diagnosis. Female mostly black, clypeus with yellowbrown suffusions, legs mostly yellow, face not elongate. Distinguished from E. incisa by convergent inner orbits and yellow femora. Male face yellow to ocelli and scutum yellow with large U-shaped black mark (Fig. 9). Description. Female.—Head width 0.97 mm, body length 3.1 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 40, UID 31, LID 24, FVL 8, CW 23, CL 10, FL 26. Head black except clypeus ventrally and mandibles yellow-brown, clypeus basally and supraclypeal area dark brown; antenna ventrally dull yellow, dorsally brown. Fore basitarsal setae stiff, capitate; setae on ta2–4 bent 90°. Frons weakly tessellate with open punctures. Mesosoma black with following yellow: tegula, alar sclerites and legs (with brown infuscation of hind coxa). Scutum moderately strongly tessellate with close punctures. Metasoma black dorsally with lateral margins T 2–4, apical margin T 5 and all T 6 yellow, ventrally yellow (except S1 brown). Male.—Head width 0.88 mm, body length 2.7 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 40, UID 33, LID 25, FVL 4, CW 21, CL 9, FL 31. Head yellow except vertex and adjacent area of occiput black. Mandible with ca 3 stiff setae on ventral margin (Fig. 3d). Frons strongly tessellate with open to close punctures. Mesosoma yellow with following black: U-shaped mark on scutum, dorsal surface of propodeum, some or all of metanotum, subalar pits and some suture lines. Scutum strongly tessellate with dense punctures. Metasoma yellow ventrally, dorsally black, except apicolateral corners of T 1–5 and all T 6 yellow. S5 with prominent fringe of white hair, short medially. Remarks. Some females have the dorsal surface of the metasoma entirely dark brown or black, while sterna may have brown infusions. The amount of yellow on the metasoma of males is also somewhat variable. Etymology. The specific name refers to the flower from which the species has most frequently been collected. Additional material examined. Queensland: 1&female;, 10 km E Windorah, 23 Sep 1983, S. R. Monteith, on Grevillea sp.; 22&female;&female;, 15 km E Windorah, 24 Sep 1983, S. R. Monteith, on Grevillea sp.; 191&female;&female;, 52&male;&male;, ‘ Thylungra’, 100 km NW Quilpie, 23 Sep 1983, S. R. Monteith, on Eremophila sp., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 250, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527

Euryglossula aeneoceps n. sp. Figs 2d, 7, 19, 33 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male; Cooper Creek, 19 km E by S of Mt Borradaile, Northern Territory (12°6'S 133°4'E), 5–6 Jun 1973, J.C. Cardale in ANIC (32-067029). PARATYPES (5&female;&female;, 7&male;&male;, all in ANIC) same data as holotype (32- 067023–028, 32-067030–035). Diagnosis. Female frons and scutum dark with a metallic sheen; clypeus, supraclypeal area and lower paraocular area yellow; apical margins of metasomal terga translucent. Distinguished from E. chalcosoma by yellow in paraocular areas and from E. purpurea by yellow supraclypeal area and shorter facial fovea. Male facial fovea surrounded by yellow; mesosoma except propodeum yellow ventrally and laterally. Distinguished from E. kubinensis and E. carnarvonensis by relatively long facial foveae and absence of stiff mandibular setae. Description. Female.—Head width 0.85 mm, body length 3.0 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 41, UID 33, LID 27, FVL 11, CW 24, CL 9, FL 25. Head and mesosoma dark metallic green-bronze except propodeum black and the following yellow: clypeus, supraclypeal area, lower paraocular area, lower gena, mandibles, labrum, scape and flagellum ventrally, pronotal tubercle, alar sclerites and legs (with brown marks on hind coxa and tibia). The yellow in the paraocular area extends as a finger along inner orbit to top of antennal socket. Scape and flagellum dorsally brown. Clypeus and supraclypeal area weakly tessellate with open medium punctures; frons strongly tessellate with close to dense, fine punctures. Fore basitarsal setae straight, setae on ta2–4, apically hooked (Fig. 2d). Scutum strongly tessellate with dense fine punctures. Metasoma dark brown, apical margins T 2–5 with translucent band, wider laterally, sterna with a similar translucent margin preceded by a pale yellow band. The widths of the yellow bands vary between specimens. Male.—Head width 0.88 mm, body length 2.5 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 41, UID 33, LID 27, FVL 9, CW 23, CL 9, FL 29. Head yellow except vertex and occiput black with a dark green metallic sheen; fovea surrounded by yellow. Mesosoma and metasoma dark dorsally, yellow ventrally (except S1 brown medially); scutum and scutellum with slight metallic green sheen, anterolateral corners of scutum, pronotal tubercle, tegula and alar sclerites yellow; apicolateral margins of metasomal terga translucent, preceded by narrow yellow line. S5 with prominent fringe of white hair, short medially. Legs yellow. Sculpture as for female except scutal punctures weak. Remarks. In some females the scutellum and metanotum are brownish. Etymology. The specific epithet is a Latin adjective meaning bronze headed. Additional material examined. (10&female;&female;, 25&male;&male;, all in QM). Western Australia: 9&female;&female;, 16&male;&male;, Napier Range, 29 May 1981, D.P.A. Sands, on Eucalyptus sp.; 1&male;, 170 km E of Broome, 21 May 1981, D.P.A. Sands, on Eucalyptus sp.; 1&female;, 8&male;&male;, King Leopold Ranges, 29 May 1981, D.P.A. Sands, on Eucalyptus sp., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 249, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527

Objectives To examine the association between disease activity in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), functional limitation and long-term orthopaedic episodes.Methods Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) disability scores were collected from two longitudinal early RA inception cohorts in routine care; Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Study and Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Network from 1986 to 2012. The incidence of major and intermediate orthopaedic surgical episodes over 25 years was collected from national data sets. Disease activity was categorised by mean disease activity score (DAS28) annually between years 1 and 5; remission (RDAS≤2.6), low (LDAS>2.6–3.2), low-moderate (LMDAS≥3.2–4.19), high-moderate (HMDAS 4.2–5.1) and high (HDAS>5.1).Results Data from 2045 patients were analysed. Patients in RDAS showed no HAQ progression over 5 years, whereas there was a significant relationship between rising DAS28 category and HAQ at 1 year, and the rate of HAQ progression between years 1 and 5. During 27 986 person-years follow-up, 392 intermediate and 591 major surgeries were observed. Compared with the RDAS category, there was a significantly increased cumulative incidence of intermediate surgery in HDAS (OR 2.59 CI 1.49 to 4.52) and HMDAS (OR 1.8 CI 1.05 to 3.11) categories, and for major surgery in HDAS (OR 2.48 CI 1.5 to 4.11), HMDAS (OR 2.16 CI 1.32 to 3.52) and LMDAS (OR 2.07 CI 1.28 to 3.33) categories. There was no significant difference in HAQ progression or orthopaedic episodes between RDAS and LDAS categories.Conclusions There is an association between disease activity and both poor function and long-term orthopaedic episodes. This illustrates the far from benign consequences of persistent moderate disease activity, and supports European League Against Rheumatism treat to target recommendations to secure low disease activity or remission in all patients.

Euryglossula variepicta Exley 1969 Figs 18, 32, 35 Diagnosis. Females are quite distinctive with an orange scutum and pale yellow metanotal tubercles plus other features described previously (Exley, 1969). The male is the only known Euryglossula species with modified hind legs and no fringe on S5. In both sexes the clypeus is significantly flattened and openly covered with long white, finely branched hair. Description. Male.—Head width 0.85 mm, body length 2.5 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 41, UID 32, LID 23, FVL 8, CW 21, CL 9, FL 27. Head. Face yellow to top of fovea with a line adjacent to inner orbit as far as the top of the eye; most of gena, mandibles and antennae yellow. Mesosoma black with the following yellow: pronotum laterally (including tubercle), anterolateral corners of scutum, tegula and alar sclerites. Small patches on mesepisternum and all legs yellow to orange-yellow (tibiae with brown suffusions medially). Hind femur incrassate and hind tibia broadened with inner face concave. Hind tibia with small projection at distal end in the form of a linear ridge topped by short bristles. Hind tibial spurs broadened and flattened (Fig. 18). Metasoma dark brown dorsally with posterolateral corners of terga pale yellow; S1–5 dark brown with apical margins translucent preceded by narrow pale yellow line, S6 mostly pale yellow.Apical margin S5 without a fringe of hair. Remarks. The sexes were associated by morphological similarity, especially the clypeus, and coincident collection. The female was indistinguishable from a paratype specimen in the AM collection except that the facial colour of the female was more orange than that of the paratype. Material examined. Queensland: 1&female; paratype, Blackall 28 Oct 1968, E.M. Exley on Bauhinia carronii. Western Australia: 1&female;, 1&male; ca 13 km E of Streely Creek Bridge, 20.31°S 119.33°E, 24 Aug 2005, G. Cassis, S. Lassau, S. & G. Carter ex Bauhinia cunninghamii (all in AM)., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on pages 254-255, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527, {"references":["Exley, E. M. 1969. A new species of Euryglossula (Apoidea: Colletidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 8: 137 - 138. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1969. tb 00748. x"]}

Euryglossula kubinensis n. sp. Figs 11, 25, 34 Type specimens. HOLOTYPE &male;, 5 km WSW of St Pauls, Moa (Banks) Is., Torres Strait, Queensland, 16 July 1977, G. Monteith and D. Cook, on Melaleuca, in QM (T234971). PARATYPES (14&female;&female;, all in QM), same data as holotype (QM T234972–985). Diagnosis. Female black or with faint metallic sheen, metasomal terga with conspicuously translucent apicolateral margins, tibiae and tarsi mostly yellow. Distinguished from E. incisa by convergent inner orbits and from E. elizabethae by tergal margins. Male face yellow to top of fovea, mandible with stiff setae ventrally, metasoma dark brown. Distinguished from E. aeneoceps by shorter fovea and from E. carnarvonensis by short lateral yellow marks on scutum. Description. Female.—Head width 0.93 mm, body length 3.3 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 41, UID 30, LID 25, FVL 11, CW 24, CL 7, FL 24. Head black or with faint metallic sheen, mandible yellow, antenna mottled yellow-brown. Frons weakly tessellate with close to dense punctures. Mesosoma black with the following yellow: tegula, alar sclerites, trochanters, femora apically, tibiae and tarsi (mid and hind tibiae with medial brown marks). Pronotal tubercle brown, wing veins weakly pigmented. Fore basitarsal setae stiff, weakly capitate; setae on ta2–4 stiff, apically hooked. Scutum weakly tessellate with dense punctures. Metasoma black, T 2–5 with translucent margins, wider laterally. S3–5 apical margins translucent, preceded by narrow yellow line. Sculpture of frons, scutum, scutellum and dorsal surface of propodeum finely tessellate with fine, open punctures. Metasoma with transverse lineolation. Male.—Head width 0.80 mm, body length 2.5 mm. Relative measurements: HW 50, HL 43, UID 33, LID 25, FVL 6, CW 21, CL 8, FL 29. Head yellow with vertex, occiput and upper frons black. Mandible ventrally with ca 3 long, stiff setae. Frons and scutum dull with strong tessellation obscuring the weak punctures. Mesosoma black dorsally, except anterolateral corners of scutum yellow, just reaching anterior edge of tegula; ventrally yellow, except upper half mesepimeron and large spot on mesepisternum black. Metasoma brown dorsally, apical margins T 2–6 translucent, ventrally yellow with irregular brown suffusions. Posterior margin S1 with rounded medial projection bearing plumose setae extending ½ length of S2. S5 with prominent apical fringe, long and uniform in length. Sculpture as for female. Etymology. The specific name refers to the collection location, currently known as Kubin Island., Published as part of Batley, Michael, 2016, New species of Euryglossula Michener (Apoidea: Colletidae), pp. 245-261 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6) on page 251, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1665, http://zenodo.org/record/4022527

Applications for the identification of bee species found in the Sydney area belonging to the family Megachilidae or the subfamily Hylaeinae.

Key to species of Leioproctus (Protomorpha) (modified from Maynard, 1991) 1 Male (hind tibia without scopa)................................................................................................. 2 —— Female (hind tibia with scopa)................................................................................................ 10 2(1) Hind coxa covered with long, dense hair.................................................................................. 3 —— Hind coxa lacking long, dense hair........................................................................................... 4 3(2) Anterior margin of hind basitarsus strongly curved; frons obscured by dense, white hair................................................................... L. tarsalis (Rayment) —— Anterior margin of hind basitarsus almost straight; frons not obscured by hair........................................................................................... L. plautus Maynard 4(2) Hind tibia with row of stout setae on anterior margin............................................................... 5 —— Hind tibia unmodified.............................................................................. L. minutus (Cockerell) 5(4) Hind basitarsus with narrow basal projection.......................................... L. alloeopus Maynard —— Hind basitarsus without basal projection................................................................................... 6 6(5) Anterior margin of hind basitarsus with large apical projection......................... L. crispus n.sp. —— Hind basitarsus with at most a slight apical extension.............................................................. 7 7(6) Hind tibial spurs flattened and strongly recurved...................................................................... 8 —— Hind tibial spurs not flattened, almost straight.......................................................................... 9 8(7) Hind femur with broad projection on outer face; outer hind tibial spur ca 0.3× as long as inner spur; lower gena concave...................................................................................................................... L. nix n.sp. —— Hind femur without projection; outer hind tibial spur ca 0.7× as long as inner spur; lower gena convex.............................................................. L. latifrons n.sp. 9(7) Hind tibial setae weak; mandible with preapical tooth...................................... L. gurneyi n.sp. —— Hind tibial setae stout; mandible simple.............................................................. L. gibber n.sp. 10(1) Inner hind tibial spur strongly curved..................................................................................... 11 —— Inner hind tibial spur almost straight....................................................................................... 12 11(10) Apical margins of T1–4 transparent......................................................... L. alloeopus Maynard —— Apical margins of T1–4 opaque.................................................................... Leioproctus sp. A* 12(10) Frons entirely covered by dense, white, branched hair........................................................... 13 —— Frons medially without dense, branched hair.......................................................................... 14 13(12) Facial fovea obscured by hair, inner margins ill-defined.......................... L. tarsalis (Rayment) —— Facial fovea not obscured by hair, inner margins sharply defined........................................................................................................... Leioproctus sp. B* 14(12) Frons and clypeus with long, weakly-branched, curly hair (Fig. 5)...................... L. crispus n.sp. —— Frons and clypeus without curly hair...................................................................................... 15 15(14) Frons and/or vertex with stiff, pale orange setae..................................................................... 16 —— Frons and vertex without stiff, pale orange setae.................................................................... 18 16(15) Vertex strongly protuberant medially................................................................... L. gibber n.sp. —— Vertex not protuberant medially.............................................................................................. 17 17(16) Vertex with single row of stiff setae; clypeus convex........................................ L. gurneyi n.sp. —— Frons laterally and vertex with many stiff setae; clypeus flat...................................................................................................................... L. latifrons n.sp. 18(15) Facial fovea medially narrower than base of scape................................................................. 19 —— Facial fovea medially as wide as, or wider than, base of scape.............................................. 20 19(18) Hair of medial clypeus branched............................................................. L. minutus (Cockerell) —— Hair of medial clypeus simple....................................................................... Leioproctus sp. C* 20(18) Pygidial plate not striate; body length ca 9 mm.......................................... L. fallax (Cockerell) —— Pygidial plate striate................................................................................................................ 21 21(20) Paraocular area with dense, white plumose hair; body length ca 7 mm................................................................................................. L. nix n.sp., Published as part of Batley, Michael & Popic, Tony, 2013, Five New Species of Leioproctus (Protomorpha) Rayment (Hymenoptera: Colletidae), pp. 39-50 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 65 (2) on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.65.2013.1597, http://zenodo.org/record/4684313, {"references":["Maynard, G. V. 1991. Revision of Leioproctus (Protomorpha) Rayment (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) with descriptions of two new species. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 30: 67 - 75. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1991. tb 02196. x"]}