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Supplementary images of the holotype and single known specimenof Caenonychus fallax Oudemans. Abstract of associated paper: The single known specimen of the monotypic genus Caenonychus Oudemans, 1902 was examined. No distinguishing characters could be found to justify the retention of Speleorchestes Trägårdh, 1909 as a separate genus from Caenonychus. Grandjean (1939) suspected these genera were synonymous but retained Speleorchestes as valid because of a difference between the two genera in opisthosomal shape. An artifactual explanation for the difference in opisthosomal shape is herein accepted based on the effects of applying different pressures to the coverslip over the same specimen. Therefore, Speleorchestes is treated as a junior synonym of Caenonychus.

Tetranychus canadensis (McGregor, 1950) (Figs 1–35) Septanychus canadensis, McGregor 1950: 319, original description. Tetranychus canadensis, Pritchard & Baker 1952: 267, new combination; Baker & Pritchard, 1953: 221; Pritchard & Baker 1955: 393; Tuttle & Baker 1964: 41; Baker & Tuttle 1994: 289; Seeman & Beard 2011: 24. Description Measurements are given based on the specimens ex. Liriodendron tulipifera, from 49 th Place, College Park City, Maryland, U.S.A. Female (n = 10) Dorsum (Figs 1–3). Idiosomal length from v 2 to h 2 380 (317–424), width from c 3 to c 3 282 (244–311). Propodosoma with broadly truncate anterior margin, with longitudinal medial lobed striae anteriorly and posteriorly flanked by a narrow strip of transverse lobed striae (Fig. 1). Prodorsum with three pairs of barbed setae. Length of prodorsal setae: v 2 68 (64–73), sc 1 118 (114–123), sc 2 88 (79–96). Distance between setal bases: v 2 – v 2 67 (60–73), sc 1 – sc 1 78 (72–82), sc 2 – sc 2 193 (169–210). Hysterosoma with transverse striae between c 1 – f 1, longitudinal between f 1 – f 1 followed by transverse (Fig. 2, 3C), arched (Figs 3B, D) or irregular striae (Fig. 3A). Length of longitudinal striae between f 1 – f 1 varies among female mites ex. Liriodendron tulipifera (Magnoliaceae), usually ending at the level of f 2 - f 2 (Fig 3D), sometimes not reaching the level of f 2 - f 2 (Figs 2, 3B, C). Dorsal setae on hysterosoma similar to prodorsal setae. Para-anal setae h 2 sub-terminal, h 3 terminal, located ventrally. Length of setae: c 1 108 (101–114), c 2 106 (100–111), c 3 96 (88–103), d 1 106 (91–113), d 2 107 (100–112), e 1 106 (101–110), e 2 106 (98–114), f 1 94 (85–100), f 2 85 (78–98), h 2 33(28–38), h 3 35 (25–40). Distances between setal bases: c 1 – c 1 69 (62–79), c 2 – c 2 143 (129–154), c 3 – c 3 282 (244–311), d 1 – d 1 80 (76–90), d 2 – d 2 107 (100–112), e 1 – e 1 51 (45–56), e 2 – e 2 157 (131–151), f 1 – f 1 51 (45–58), f 2 – f 2 94 (84–113). Three pair of lyrifissures (ia, im, ip) visible. Venter (Figs 4–6). Ventral striae without lobes, transverse except for pregenital region with longitudinal broken (Figs 5, 6A, C, D, E) or, in other populations, weakly broken or entire striae (Figs 6B, F). Genital flap with transverse fine striae. Coxal setal chaetotaxy 2-2-1-1. Three pairs of intercoxal barbed setae 1a, 3a and 4a. Setae 1a 45 (43–47) longer than distance 1a–1a 34 (32–36). Setae 3a 51 (47–53) shorter than distance 3a–3a 69 (66–74). Setae 4a 72 (62–79) as long as distance between 4a–4a 72 (66–78). Two pairs of barbed genital setae (g 1 & g 2), subequal in length, g 1 43 (39–47) and g 2 40 (37–42). Two pairs of anal setae (ps) nude, subequal in length, ps 1 18 (15–20) and ps 2 17 (16–19). Gnathosoma (Figs 7–8). Stylophore with longitudinal striae only. Peritreme groove hook-like; four or five peritrematal septa visible (Fig.7A, arrows a, b). Subcapitular setae m smooth, subequal in length [46 (44 – 47)] to distance m–m 48 (46–51). Three pairs of adoral setae (or 1–3) conspicuous, or 1 dorsal, spine-like; or 2 lateral, leaf-like, or 3 ventral, leaf-like. Hole-like rostral fossette visible on ventral subdistal rostrum (Fig. 7B arrow e). Palp striate dorsally and ventrally, but membranes between palpal segments punctate ventrally. Dorsal surface of palp base with supracoxal seta (ep), eupathidial form. Setae d PFe and l″ PGe barbed. All three palptibial setae finely barbed; l′ PTi located near base of tibial claw. Tibial claw each side with lateral hole (Fig. 7B, arrows c) and lateral spur (Fig. 7B, arrows d). Terminal eupathidium (suζ) sub-conical, 6.7 (6.0–7.0) long and 3.6 (3.1–3.8) in diameter at widest level. Two lateral eupathidia (ul′ζ and ul″ζ) subequal in length, ul′ζ 6.9 (6.5–7.4), ul″ ζ 7.3 (7.1– 7.6). Solenidion (ω) 4.6 (4.3–5.0) long, about twice as long as wide 1.7 (1.5–1.8). Three normal setae (a, b, c) nude (Figs 8A, B). Legs (Figs 9, 10). Coxa I dorsally with a supracoxal seta (el), eupathidial form (Fig. 7A). Claws of I–IV pad like, each with a dorsal spur (Fig. 9A, arrow a) and a pair of tenet hairs. Empodia I–IV each with a small dorsal spur and three pairs of proximoventral hairs (Figs 9 A–D, arrows b–e). Tarsus I with two pairs of duplex setae; tarsus II with one pair of duplex setae; tarsus III and IV each with a solenidion. Dorsal seta on tibia I (db) with trichobothridial aspect (Fig. 10A). Male (n =10) Dorsum (Figs 11–13). Length of idiosoma (v 2 – h 2) 202 (190–217); width of idiosoma (c 3 – c 3) 151 (134–160). Prodorsal striae longitudinal, with lobes; hysterosomal striae transverse, without lobes. Shape of dorsal setae as in female, h 2 dorsal, h 3 laterodorsal (Figs 13 & 14A). Length of setae: v 2 51 (46–56), sc 1 91 (82–101), sc 2 65 (54–75), c 1 77 (69–85), c 2 77 (67–85), c 3 71 (63–78), d 1 75 (69–80), d 2 76 (66–91), e 1 72 (67–78), e 2 74 (66–81), f 1 59 (52–63), h 2 19 (16–23), h 3 15 (13–17). Distances between setal bases: v 2 – v 2 51 (46–56), sc 1 – sc 1 61 (54–65), sc 2 – sc 2 121 (110–129), c 1 – c 1 54 (49–59), c 2 – c 2 94 (80–97), c 3 – c 3 151 (134–160), d 1 – d 1 53 (47–56), d 2 – d 2 101 (93–107), e 1 – e 1 31 (27–33), e 2 – e 2 76 (67–83), f 1 – f 1 30 (24–34), f 2 – f 2 46 (41–50). Venter. Ventral striate including pregenital region transverse, without lobes; ventral setae barbed excepting smooth ps 1 and ps 2 (Fig. 14A): 1a 35 (30–39), 3a 37 (33–41), 4a 50 (45–55), ag 41 (33–47), g 1 16 (14–17), g 2 14 (14–15), ps 1 9 (8–10), ps 2 9 (8–10). Distances between setal bases: 1a–1a 23 (21–26), 3a–3a 45 (40–49), 4a–4a 49 (41–67). Gnathosoma (Figs 14B, 15A, B, 16). Peritreme groove hook-like (Figs 15A, 16A); sometimes hook bifurcate (Fig. 15A). Subcapitular setae m smooth, length 36 (30 – 41) subequal with distance m–m 36 (34–41). Three pairs of adoral setae (or 1–3) conspicuous, or 1 dorsal, spine-like; or 2 lateral, leaf-like, or 3 ventral, leaf-like. Palp (Figs 14B, 15A). Supracoxal seta (ep) eupathidial form. Seta d PFe peg-like. Palpal tarsus with coneshaped spinneret (suζ) slightly thinner than female, 5.8 (5.4–6.5) in length, 2.1 (1.9–2.2) in diameter at base; single solenidion 4.4 (4–4.7) in length and 1.4 (1.3–1.5) width; two eupathidia, ul′ζ 5.5 (5.1–5.9), ul″ζ 6.5 (5.7–7.2) and three normal setae (a, b, c). Legs (Figs 17–18). Coxa I dorsally with a supracoxal seta (el), eupathidial form (Figs 15A, C). Empodium I with one dorsal spur and two pairs of ventral spurs. Empodia II–IV with one dorsal spur and three pairs of proximoventral hairs. Tarsus I with two pairs of duplex setae (Fig. 17A) and tarsus II with one pair of duplex setae; tarsus III and IV each with one solenidion. Dorsal seta on tibia I, a trichobothrium, with cup shaped base and broken striae on inner integument (Fig. 17B). Aedeagus (Figs. 19–21). Dorsal margin of knob of aedeagus convex, anterior projection shorter than posterior. A thin, long ejaculatory duct connecting aedeagus to a cup-shaped seminal vesicle. Deutonymph (n =5) Dorsum (Fig.22). Length of idiosoma (v 2 – h 2) 259 (240–277); width of idiosoma (c 3 – c 3) 204 (198–214). Prodorsal striae longitudinal and without lobes, posteriorly flanked by a narrow strip of transverse lobed striae or smooth striae; Hysterosoma with transverse striae between c 1 – e 1, arched between f 1 – f 1 following by transverse striae. Hysterosomal striae smooth except for lobed striae between c 1 – c 1. Length of setae: v 2 54 (50–57), sc 1 98 (96–100), sc 2 69 (66–73), c 1 81 (66–92), c 2 82 (75–86), c 3 57 (69–81), d 1 84 (81–87), d 2 88 (85–89), e 1 83 (79–87), e 2 81 (79–83), f 1 70 (64–74), f 2 57 (55–59), h 2 29 (28–30), h 3 25 (24–27). Distances between setal bases: v 2 – v 2 56 (54–58), sc 1 – sc 1 67 (65–69), sc 2 – sc 2 159 (152–164), c 1 – c 1 61 (58–62), c 2 – c 2 118 (114–122), c 3 – c 3 204 (198–214), d 1 – d 1 68 (65–73), d 2 – d 2 142 (137–148), e 1 – e 1 40 (38–43), e 2 – e 2 110 (104–121), f 1 – f 1 32 (29–35), f 2 – f 2 64 (61–69). Venter (Fig. 23). Most ventral striae transverse except for pregenital region with longitudinal entire striae. Ventral setae: 1a 34 (34–35), 3a 38 (37–39), 4a 45 (38–52), ag 54 (53–56), g 1 25 (23–29), ps 1 14 (13–15), ps 2 14 (13–15). Distances between setal bases: 1a–1a 23 (21–26), 3a–3a 52 (47–55), 4a–4a 52 (50–55), ag–ag 46 (46– 47). Gnathosoma (Figs. 24C, D). Subcapitular setae m length 36 (33–39) slightly shorter than distance m -m 39 (35–43). Spinneret (suζ) 5.8 (5.5–6.1) in length and 2.2 (2–2.4) in diameter; single solenidion 4.4 (4–4.8) in length and 1.5 (1.4–1.5) in diameter, and two eupathidia ul′ζ 5.7 (5.2–6.1), ul″ζ 6.5 (6.4–6.5). Legs (Fig. 25). Coxa I dorsally with a supracoxal seta (el), eupathidial form. Claws of I–IV pad-like, each with a dorsal spur and a pair of tenet hairs. Empodia I–IV each with a small dorsal spur and three pairs of proximoventral hairs. Tarsus I with two pairs of duplex setae; tarsus II with one pair of duplex setae; tarsus III with a solenidion and tarsus IV without solenidion. Protonymph (n=2) Dorsum (Fig. 26). Length of idiosoma (v 2 – h 2) 184 (183–184); width of idiosoma (c 3 – c 3) 170 (165–174). Prodorsal striae longitudinal and without lobes, posteriorly flanked by a narrow strip of transverse striae. Hysterosoma with transverse striae. Length of setae: v 2 51 (49–53), sc 1 81 (80–82), sc 2 58 (57–58), c 1 70 (68–71), c 2 63 (61–65), c 3 60 (57–62), d 1 62 (57–66), d 2 67 (65–69), e 1 59 (58–59), e 2 65 (61–69), f 1 56 (55–56), f 2 47 (44–49), h 2 22 (20–24), h 3 22 (21–22). Distances between setal bases: v 2 – v 2 51 (50–52), sc 1 – sc 1 63 (62–64), sc 2 – sc 2 126 (115–137), c 1 – c 1 58 (57–59), c 2 – c 2 110 (109–111), c 3 – c 3 170 (165–174), d 1 – d 1 60 (58–62), d 2 – d 2 123 (118–128), e 1 – e 1 35 (34–35), e 2 – e 2 84 (82–85), f 1 – f 1 20 (18–21), f 2 – f 2 42 (41–42). Venter (Fig. 27). Venter with transverse striae except for pregenital region with longitudinal entire striae. Ventral setae: 1a 30 (29–30), 3a 35 (32–38), ps 1 12 (11–12), ps 2 13 (12–13). Distances between setal bases: 1a–1a 27 (26–28), 3a–3a 48 (47–49). Gnathosoma (Figs. 28, 29). Subcapitular setae m length 30 (29–31) subequal to distance m -m 32 (31–33). Spinneret (suζ) 4.6 (4.5–4.6) in length and 1.9 (1.8–2.0) in diameter; single solenidion 3.9 (3.8–4.0) in length and 1.3 (1.2–1.3) in diameter, and two eupathidia ul′ζ, 4.5 (4.4–4.6), ul″ζ 5.7 (5.6–5.7). Legs (Fig. 30). Claws of I–IV pad like, each with a dorsal spur and a pair of tenet hairs. Empodia I–IV each with a small dorsal spur and three pairs of proximoventral hairs. Tarsus I with two pairs of duplex setae; tarsus II with on pair of duplex setae; tarsus III and IV without solenidion. Larva (n = 5) Dorsum (Figs 31, 32A, B). Length of idiosoma (v 2 – h 2) 140 (127–157); width of idiosoma (c 3 – c 3) 147 (133–157). Doral striae and shape of dorsal setae similar to that of protonymph. Length of setae: v 2 46 (38–55), sc 1 68 (67–68), sc 2 56 (45–70), c 1 51 (50–53), c 2 48 (47–49), c 3 47 (45–51), d 1 48 (47–51), d 2 48 (47–49), e 1 45 (41–47), e 2 45 (43–48), f 1 41 (41–41), f 2 35 (33–38), h 2 22 (18–24), h 3 22 (21–25). Distances between setal bases: v 2 – v 2 41 (37–44), sc 1 – sc 1 56 (53–61), sc 2 – sc 2 99 (89–108), c 1 – c 1 45 (43–50), c 2 – c 2 87 (77–93), c 3 – c 3 147 (133–157), d 1 – d 1 42 (39–46), d 2 – d 2 95 (84–102), e 1 – e 1 24 (28–31), e 2 – e 2 67 (57–75), f 1 – f 1 12 (10–13), f 2 – f 2 37(33–41). Venter (Fig. 32C). Ventral striae entirely transverse. Ventral setae: 1a 30 (28–32), 3a 26 (26–27), ps 1 12 (12–13), ps 2 12 (12–13). Distances between setal bases: 1a–1a 26 (26–27), 3a–3a 34 (31–36). Gnathosoma (Figs. 33B, C). Spinneret (suζ) 5.4 (4.9–5.8) in length and 1.4 (1.4–1.4) in diameter; single solenidion 3.9 (3.7–4.2) in length and 1.2 (1.1–1.3) in diameter, and two eupathidia ul′ζ 4.2 (3.9–4.5), ul″ζ acuminate, 5.0 (4.6–5.7). Legs (Fig. 34). Claws of I–IV pad-like, each with a dorsal spur and a pair of tenet hairs. Empodia I–IV each with a small dorsal spur and three pairs of proximoventral hairs. Tarsus I and II each with one pair of duplex setae; tarsus III and IV without solenidion. Ontogenetic development of leg setae Larva. Setae counts: femora, 3-3-2; genua, 4-4-2; tibiae, 5(1 ω)-5-5; tarsi, 6(1 ω)(2 ζ)-6(1 ω)(2 ζ)-6. Trochanters I–III nude, without seta. Femora I–II with three setae (d, v′, bv″), one dorsal and two ventral, respectively, and femur III with two setae (d, ev′). Genua I–II with four setae (l′, l″, v′, v″) respectively, and genu III with two setae (l′, v′). Tibiae I–III with five tactile setae (d, l′, l″, v′, v″), tibia I with solenidion (φ). Tarsus I with six tactile setae, unguinals (u′, u″), primiventrals (pv′, pv″) and fastigials (ft′, ft″), one solenidion (ω″), two eupathidial prorals (p′ζ, p″ζ). One fastigianl ft″ and solenidion (ω″) forming duplex setae. Protonymph. A total of seven setae added on leg I–III in protonymph— tc′, tc′′ and v′ 1 on tarsus I, tc′ and tc′′ on tarsus II and III. Leg IV with a total 16 tactile setae: femur with 2, genu 2, tibia 5 and tarsus 6. Setal counts: femora, 3-3-2-2; genua, 4-4-2-2; tibiae, 5(1 ω)-5-5-5; tarsi, 8(2 ω)(3 ζ)-7(1 ω)(2 ζ)-6-6. Deutonymph. A total of 20 setae and solenidia added on leg I–IV in deutonymph— v′ on trochanters I–III; l′, l″, v″ on femur I; d on genua I–IV; l′ 1, l″ 1 on tibia I; l′ 1, l″ 1, v″ 1, ω″ 1 on tarsus I; v′ 1 on tarsus II; ω′ on tarsus III; tc′, tc″ on tarsus IV. Setal counts: trochanters, 1-1-1-0, femora, 6-3-2-2; genua, 5-5-3-3; tibiae, 7(1 ω)-5-5-5; tarsi, 11(3 ω)(3 ζ)- 8(1 ω)(2 ζ)-6(1 ω)-6. Female. A total of 28 tactile setae and two solenidia added on legs I–IV— l′ 1, l″ 1, v′ 1, v″ 1 on femur I; v′ 1, v″ 1 on tibia I; v′ 2 on tarsus I; l′ 1, l″ 1, v″ 1 on femur II; v′ 1, l′ 1 on tibia II, l′ 1, v″ 1, v′ 2 and one solenidia on tarsus II; l′, Published as part of Liu, Man, Yi, Tian-Ci, Gulbronson, Connor, Bauchan, Gary R. & Ochoa, Ronald, 2020, Ontogenetic and morphological studies on Tetranychus canadensis (Acari: Tetranychidae), pp. 215-250 in Zootaxa 4857 (1) on pages 221-237, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4857.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/4396392, {"references":["McGregor, E. A. (1950) Mites of the family Tetranychidae. American Midland Naturalist, 44, 257 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2421963","Pritchard, A. E. & Baker, E. W. (1952) A guide to the spider mites of deciduous fruit trees. Hilgardia, 21, 253 - 287. https: // doi. org / 10.3733 / hilg. v 21 n 09 p 253","Baker, E. W. & Pritchard, A. E. (1953) A Guide to the spider mites of cotton. Hilgardia, 22, 203 - 234. https: // doi. org / 10.3733 / hilg. v 22 n 07 p 203","Pritchard, A. E. & Baker, E. W. (1955) A revision of the spider mite family Tetranychidae. Memoirs Series, San Francisco, Pacific Coast Entomological Society, 2, 472 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 150852","Tuttle, D. M. & Baker, E. W. (1964) The spider mites of Arizona (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arizona, Technical Bulletin, 158, 1 - 41.","Baker, E. W. & Tuttle, D. M. (1994) A guide to the spider mites (Tetranychidae) of the United States. Indira Publishing House, Michigan, USA, 347 pp.","Seeman, O. D. & Beard, J. J. (2011) Identification of exotic pest and Australian native and naturalised species of Tetranychus (Acari: Tetranychidae). Zootaxa, 2961, 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2961.1.1","Yi, T. - C. & Ochoa, R. (2018) Revision of Bryobiella Tuttle & Baker (Acari, Tetranychidae), with ontogenetic development and redescription of B. desertorum. Zootaxa, 4540 (1), 93 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4540.1.9"]}

Morphology of T. canadensis The rostrum of spider mites (Tetranychidae) was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) by Summer et al. (1973), Jeppson et al. (1975), Hislop & Jeppson (1976) and Razaq et al. (2000). Lindquist (1985) noted the mouth of spider mites was flanked by hyaline lateral lips and three pairs of usually inconspicuous adoral setae (or 1-3) apically. The rostrum of Raoiella (Tenuipalpidae) were examined with SEM by Beard et al. (2012) who observed 3 pairs of adoral setae around the tip of the rostrum. The rostrums of Bryobia sp., Petrobia sp. and Oligonychus sp. have the same characters as T. canadensis: the tip of rostrum of all spider mites bears three pairs of adoral setae: the lateral and ventral ���lips��� are modified as leaf-like adoral setae, (or 2 and or 3), and the dorsal lips bearing a pair of spine-like adoral setae (or 1) (Fig 7B). The trichobothrium, a mechanoreceptor, has cup-like socket for setal base (Grandjean 1943). In spider mites the dorsal seta on tibia I has a trichobothridial aspect and seta d on femora I and II sometimes has a similar aspect (Lindquist 1985). In this study, we show the trichobothridial nature of these setae using SEM studies of T. canadensis. Trichobothridial seta, on tibia I, has a cup-shaped base and broken striae on the inner integument (Fig 17B), while normal seta does not has striae on the inner integument (Fig 17C). Leg setation of spider mites (Tetranychidae) provides valuable information for species diagnostics and systematics (Yi et al. 2013, 2017; Yi & Ochoa 2018; Seeman et al. 2017). In recent works on descriptions and ontogeny of spider mites, chaetotaxy data are now more commonly provided than simple setal counts (e.g. Beard & Walter, 2010; Yi & Zhang 2013, 2017; Yi et al., 2017; Li et al. 2017, 2018a, 2018b; Khanjani et al. 2017; Liu & Zhang 2018; Khanjani et al. 2018; Mahdavi et al. 2018). T. canadensis has typical larval chaetotaxy of Tetranychidae provided by Lindquist (1985) and is vastly different from several hypotrichous genera (for which ontogenetic data are available) such as Neonidulus ( Beard & Walter 2010), Tribolonychus (Yi et al. 2013), Bryobiella (Yi & Ochoa 2018) and certain species of Eotetranychus (Seeman et al. 2017). On the other hand, it is close to some other species of Eotetranychus (Yi et al. 2017, Seeman et al. 2017) and Oligonychus (Li et al. 2017, 2018; Khanjani et al. 2018), and identical to some Oligonychus (Khanjani et al. 2018)., Published as part of Liu, Man, Yi, Tian-Ci, Gulbronson, Connor, Bauchan, Gary R. & Ochoa, Ronald, 2020, Ontogenetic and morphological studies on Tetranychus canadensis (Acari: Tetranychidae), pp. 215-250 in Zootaxa 4857 (1) on pages 244-245, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4857.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/4396392, {"references":["Summer, F. M., Gonzalez, R. H. & Witt, R. L. (1973) The mouthparts of Bryobia rubrioculus (Sch.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington Entomological Society of Washington, 75, 96 - 111.","Jeppson, L. R., Keifer, H. H. & Baker, E. W. (1975) Mites injurious to economic plants. Berkeley, University of California Press, xxiv + 614 pp.","Hislop, R. G. & Jeppson, L. R. (1976) Morphology of the Mouthparts of Several Species of Phytophagous Mites. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 69 (6), 1125 - 1135. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 69.6.1125","Razaq, A., Ohbayashi, N. & Shiraishi, M. (2000) Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Mouthparts of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Agistemus terminalis (Quayle) (Acari: Stigmaeidae) on Satsuma Mandarin. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 35 (1), 189 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1303 / aez. 2000.189","Lindquist, E. E. (1985) 1.1. 1 External anatomy. In: Helle, W. & Sabelis, M. W. (Eds.), Spider mites. Their biology, natural enemies and control. Vol. A. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 3 - 28.","Beard, J. J., Ochoa, R., Bauchan, G. R., Welbourn, W. C., Pooley, C. & Dowling, A. P. G. (2012) External mouthpart morphology in the Tenuipalpidae (Tetranychoidea): Raoiella a case study. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 57 (3 - 4), 227 - 255. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9540 - 2","Yi, T. - C. & Ochoa, R. (2018) Revision of Bryobiella Tuttle & Baker (Acari, Tetranychidae), with ontogenetic development and redescription of B. desertorum. Zootaxa, 4540 (1), 93 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4540.1.9","Seeman, O. D., Beard, J. J. & Zhang, L. (2017) A new Australian species of Eotetranychus (Acari: Tetranychidae) from buck spinifex Triodia mitchelli (Poaceae), intraspecific variation in Eotetranychus, and the synonymy of Platytetranychus with Eotetranychus. Zootaxa, 4324 (3), 491 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4324.3.5","Beard, J. J. & Walter, D. E. (2010) New spider mite genus (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) from Australia & New Zealand, with a discussion of Yezonychus Ehara. Zootaxa, 2578, 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2578.1.1","Yi, T. - C. & Zhang, Z. - Q. (2013) A new species of the genus Sonotetranychus (Acari: Tetranychidae) from New Zealand. Zootaxa, 3721 (4), 334 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3721.4.2","Li, J., Jin, D. - C. & Yi, T. - C. (2017) Ontogenetic development and redescription of Oligonychus metasequoiae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 22 (9), 1495 - 1520. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.9.14","Li, J., Yi, T. - C., Guo, J. - J. & Jin, D. - C. (2018 a) Ontogenetic development and redescription of Oligonychus pratensis (Banks, 1912) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Zootaxa, 4486 (3), 349 - 375. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4486.3.7","Li, J., Yi, T. - C., Guo, J. - J. & Jin, D. - C. 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Liu, Man, Yi, Tian-Ci, Gulbronson, Connor, Bauchan, Gary R., Ochoa, Ronald (2020): Ontogenetic and morphological studies on Tetranychus canadensis (Acari: Tetranychidae). Zootaxa 4857 (1): 215-250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4857.1.11

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:16:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-06-01 The Tarsonemidae (Acari: Prostigmata) exhibit a high diversity of feeding habits and morphological structures, which allow them to live in a diversity of habitats. Tarsonemus is the largest genus, with more than 280 described species belonging to three subgenera: Tarsonemus sensu stricto, Chaetotarsonemus and Schaarschmidtia. Eight species of the genus have been reported from Brazil. In addition, there are two new species, Tarsonemus cacaosp. nov. from Theobroma cacao L. (Malvaceae) branches, and Tarsonemus bahiensissp. nov. from Passiflora foetida L. (Passifloraceae) and Etlingera elatior Jack (Zingiberaceae) leaves. Both new species were collected in a cabruca agroforest, a traditional cacao cultivation system in the southern coast region of Bahia state. The new Tarsonemidae are described and illustrated here. Pharyngeal and gnathosomal structures of the new species are compared to other Tarsonemus species. Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal (PPGPV) Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC) Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP) Instituto de Biociência Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE) Systematic Entomology Laboratory United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service United States National Arboretum Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP) Instituto de Biociência Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE)