29 results on '"Baweja M"'
Search Results
2. Optimal gains for active vibration control by the beam analogy
- Author
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Szyszkowski, W. and Baweja, M.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Phase II trial of oral vinorelbine for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in patients ≥65 years of age: an NCCTG study
- Author
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Baweja, M., Suman, V.J., Fitch, T.R., Mailliard, J.A., Bernath, A., Rowland, K.M., Alberts, S.R., Kaur, J.S., and Perez, E.A.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. OPTIMAL INVESTMENT PROBLEM WITH OPTION
- Author
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Baweja, M., primary, Saxena, R.R., additional, and Sehgal, D., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. SOLVING PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS WITH STRUCTURED PRODUCTS
- Author
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Baweja, M., primary and Saxena, R.R., additional
- Published
- 2014
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6. Prevalence and predictors of proteinuria in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in Cameroon
- Author
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Jao, J., primary, Palmer, D., additional, Leus, I., additional, Tih, P., additional, Baweja, M., additional, Klotman, M., additional, Sperling, R., additional, and Wyatt, C., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor as adjuvant therapy for resected stage III/IV melanoma: Retrospective review of a single institutional experience
- Author
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Patel, T. A., primary, Baweja, M., additional, Maples, W., additional, and Markovic, S., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Phase II trial of oral vinorelbine for treatment of metastatic breast cancer in women 65 years and older: N003A
- Author
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Baweja, M., primary, Suman, V., additional, Fitch, T. R., additional, Mailliard, J. A., additional, Bernath, A., additional, Rowland, K. M., additional, Alberts, S. R., additional, Kaur, J. S., additional, and Perez, E. A., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effectiveness of Zinc in Regulating Serum T3, T4 and TSH Levels in 131I - treated Female Wistar Rats.
- Author
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Baweja, M. S., Poonam, and Dhawan, D. K.
- Published
- 2002
10. Stereo- and regioselectivity in Diels-Alder reactions of 1,3-azaphospholo[5,1-a]isoquinoline and -[1,5-a]pyridine
- Author
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Bansal, R. K., Jain, V. K., Gupta, N., Gupta, N., Hemrajani, L., Baweja, M., and Jones, P. G.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Portfolio optimization with structured products under return constraint
- Author
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Baweja Meena and Saxena Ratnesh R.
- Subjects
linear optimization ,risk measures ,linearization ,Management information systems ,T58.6-58.62 - Abstract
A new approach for optimizing risk in a portfolio of financial instruments involving structured products is presented. This paper deals with a portfolio selection model which uses optimization methodology to minimize conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR ) under return constraint. It focuses on minimizing CVaR rather than on minimizing value-at-Risk VaR, as portfolios with low CVaR necessarily have low VaR as well. We consider a simple investment problem where besides stocks and bonds, the investor can also include structured products into the investment portfolio. Due to possible intermediate payments from structured product, we have to deal with a re-investment problem modeled as a linear optimization problem.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Making the Money Follow the Consensus in Nephrology Payment Reform.
- Author
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Baweja M and Vassalotti JA
- Subjects
- United States, Consensus, Health Care Reform, Medicare, Nephrology
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Housing: A Critical Contributor to Kidney Disease Disparities.
- Author
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Novick TK and Baweja M
- Subjects
- Health Status Disparities, Healthcare Disparities, Humans, Socioeconomic Factors, United States epidemiology, Housing, Kidney Diseases epidemiology, Kidney Diseases etiology
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A Unifying Approach for GFR Estimation: Recommendations of the NKF-ASN Task Force on Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Disease.
- Author
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Delgado C, Baweja M, Crews DC, Eneanya ND, Gadegbeku CA, Inker LA, Mendu ML, Miller WG, Moxey-Mims MM, Roberts GV, St Peter WL, Warfield C, and Powe NR
- Subjects
- Adult, Creatinine, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Health Promotion, Humans, Kidney, United States, Nephrology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: In response to a national call for re-evaluation of the use of race in clinical algorithms, the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) established a Task Force to reassess inclusion of race in the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the United States and its implications for diagnosis and management of patients with, or at risk for, kidney diseases., Process & Deliberations: The Task Force organized its activities over 10 months in phases to (1) clarify the problem and evidence regarding GFR estimating equations in the United States (described previously in an interim report), and, in this final report, (2) evaluate approaches to address use of race in GFR estimation, and (3) provide recommendations. We identified 26 approaches for the estimation of GFR that did or did not consider race and narrowed our focus, by consensus, to 5 of those approaches. We holistically evaluated each approach considering 6 attributes: assay availability and standardization; implementation; population diversity in equation development; performance compared with measured GFR; consequences to clinical care, population tracking, and research; and patient centeredness. To arrive at a unifying approach to estimate GFR, we integrated information and evidence from many sources in assessing strengths and weaknesses in attributes for each approach, recognizing the number of Black and non-Black adults affected., Recommendations: (1) For US adults (>85% of whom have normal kidney function), we recommend immediate implementation of the CKD-EPI creatinine equation refit without the race variable in all laboratories in the United States because it does not include race in the calculation and reporting, included diversity in its development, is immediately available to all laboratories in the United States, and has acceptable performance characteristics and potential consequences that do not disproportionately affect any one group of individuals. (2) We recommend national efforts to facilitate increased, routine, and timely use of cystatin C, especially to confirm estimated GFR in adults who are at risk for or have chronic kidney disease, because combining filtration markers (creatinine and cystatin C) is more accurate and would support better clinical decisions than either marker alone. If ongoing evidence supports acceptable performance, the CKD-EPI eGFR-cystatin C (eGFR
cys ) and eGFR creatinine-cystatin C (eGFRcr-cys_R ) refit without the race variables should be adopted to provide another first-line test, in addition to confirmatory testing. (3) Research on GFR estimation with new endogenous filtration markers and on interventions to eliminate race and ethnic disparities should be encouraged and funded. An investment in science is needed for newer approaches that generate accurate, unbiased, and precise GFR measurement and estimation without the inclusion of race, and that promote health equity and do not generate disparate care., Implementation: This unified approach, without specification of race, should be adopted across the United States. High-priority and multistakeholder efforts should implement this solution., (Copyright © 2021 National Kidney Foundation, Inc and the American Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. A Unifying Approach for GFR Estimation: Recommendations of the NKF-ASN Task Force on Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Disease.
- Author
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Delgado C, Baweja M, Crews DC, Eneanya ND, Gadegbeku CA, Inker LA, Mendu ML, Miller WG, Moxey-Mims MM, Roberts GV, St Peter WL, Warfield C, and Powe NR
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, United States, Cystatin C, Glomerular Filtration Rate physiology, Creatinine, Health Promotion, Kidney physiopathology, Nephrology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: In response to a national call for re-evaluation of the use of race in clinical algorithms, the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) established a Task Force to reassess inclusion of race in the estimation of GFR in the United States and its implications for diagnosis and management of patients with, or at risk for, kidney diseases., Process Deliberations: The Task Force organized its activities over 10 months in phases to ( 1 ) clarify the problem and evidence regarding eGFR equations in the United States (described previously in an interim report), and, in this final report, ( 2 ) evaluate approaches to address use of race in GFR estimation, and ( 3 ) provide recommendations. We identified 26 approaches for the estimation of GFR that did or did not consider race and narrowed our focus, by consensus, to five of those approaches. We holistically evaluated each approach considering six attributes: assay availability and standardization; implementation; population diversity in equation development; performance compared with measured GFR; consequences to clinical care, population tracking, and research; and patient centeredness. To arrive at a unifying approach to estimate GFR, we integrated information and evidence from many sources in assessing strengths and weaknesses in attributes for each approach, recognizing the number of Black and non-Black adults affected., Recommendations: ( 1 ) For US adults (>85% of whom have normal kidney function), we recommend immediate implementation of the CKD-EPI creatinine equation refit without the race variable in all laboratories in the United States because it does not include race in the calculation and reporting, included diversity in its development, is immediately available to all laboratories in the United States, and has acceptable performance characteristics and potential consequences that do not disproportionately affect any one group of individuals. ( 2 ) We recommend national efforts to facilitate increased, routine, and timely use of cystatin C, especially to confirm eGFR in adults who are at risk for or have CKD, because combining filtration markers (creatinine and cystatin C) is more accurate and would support better clinical decisions than either marker alone. If ongoing evidence supports acceptable performance, the CKD-EPI eGFR-cystatin C (eGFRcys) and eGFR creatinine-cystatin C (eGFRcr-cys_R) refit without the race variables should be adopted to provide another first-line test, in addition to confirmatory testing. ( 3 ) Research on GFR estimation with new endogenous filtration markers and on interventions to eliminate race and ethnic disparities should be encouraged and funded. An investment in science is needed for newer approaches that generate accurate, unbiased, and precise GFR measurement and estimation without the inclusion of race, and that promote health equity and do not generate disparate care., Implementation: This unified approach, without specification of race, should be adopted across the United States. High-priority and multistakeholder efforts should implement this solution., (Copyright © 2021 by the American Society of Nephrology and National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Diseases: An Interim Report From the NKF-ASN Task Force.
- Author
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Delgado C, Baweja M, Burrows NR, Crews DC, Eneanya ND, Gadegbeku CA, Inker LA, Mendu ML, Miller WG, Moxey-Mims MM, Roberts GV, St Peter WL, Warfield C, and Powe NR
- Subjects
- Black or African American, Health Status Disparities, Healthcare Disparities, Humans, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic therapy, United States, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Racial Groups, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis
- Abstract
For almost 2 decades, equations that use serum creatinine, age, sex, and race to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) have included "race" as Black or non-Black. Given considerable evidence of disparities in health and health care delivery in African American communities, some regard keeping a race term in GFR equations as a practice that differentially influences access to care and kidney transplantation. Others assert that race captures important non-GFR determinants of serum creatinine and its removal from the calculation may perpetuate other disparities. The National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and American Society of Nephrology (ASN) established a task force in 2020 to reassess the inclusion of race in the estimation of GFR in the United States and its implications for diagnosis and subsequent management of patients with, or at risk for, kidney diseases. This interim report details the process, initial assessment of evidence, and values defined regarding the use of race to estimate GFR. We organized activities in phases: (1) clarify the problem and examine evidence, (2) evaluate different approaches to address use of race in GFR estimation, and (3) make recommendations. In phase 1, we constructed statements about the evidence and defined values regarding equity and disparities; race and racism; GFR measurement, estimation, and equation performance; laboratory standardization; and patient perspectives. We also identified several approaches to estimate GFR and a set of attributes to evaluate these approaches. Building on evidence and values, the attributes of alternative approaches to estimate GFR will be evaluated in the next phases and recommendations will be made., (Copyright © 2021 National KidneyFoundation, Inc and the American Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19.
- Author
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Chan L, Chaudhary K, Saha A, Chauhan K, Vaid A, Baweja M, Campbell K, Chun N, Chung M, Deshpande P, Farouk SS, Kaufman L, Kim T, Koncicki H, Lapsia V, Leisman S, Lu E, Meliambro K, Menon MC, Rein JL, Sharma S, Tokita J, Uribarri J, Vassalotti JA, Winston J, Mathews KS, Zhao S, Paranjpe I, Somani S, Richter F, Do R, Miotto R, Lala A, Kia A, Timsina P, Li L, Danieletto M, Golden E, Glowe P, Zweig M, Singh M, Freeman R, Chen R, Nestler E, Narula J, Just AC, Horowitz C, Aberg J, Loos RJF, Cho J, Fayad Z, Cordon-Cardo C, Schadt E, Levin MA, Reich DL, Fuster V, Murphy B, He JC, Charney AW, Bottinger EP, Glicksberg BS, Coca SG, and Nadkarni GN
- Abstract
Importance: Preliminary reports indicate that acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 patients and is associated with worse outcomes. AKI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the United States is not well-described., Objective: To provide information about frequency, outcomes and recovery associated with AKI and dialysis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients., Design: Observational, retrospective study., Setting: Admitted to hospital between February 27 and April 15, 2020., Participants: Patients aged ≥18 years with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 Exposures: AKI (peak serum creatinine increase of 0.3 mg/dL or 50% above baseline). Main Outcomes and Measures: Frequency of AKI and dialysis requirement, AKI recovery, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with mortality. We also trained and tested a machine learning model for predicting dialysis requirement with independent validation., Results: A total of 3,235 hospitalized patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. AKI occurred in 1406 (46%) patients overall and 280 (20%) with AKI required renal replacement therapy. The incidence of AKI (admission plus new cases) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit was 68% (553 of 815). In the entire cohort, the proportion with stages 1, 2, and 3 AKI were 35%, 20%, 45%, respectively. In those needing intensive care, the respective proportions were 20%, 17%, 63%, and 34% received acute renal replacement therapy. Independent predictors of severe AKI were chronic kidney disease, systolic blood pressure, and potassium at baseline. In-hospital mortality in patients with AKI was 41% overall and 52% in intensive care. The aOR for mortality associated with AKI was 9.6 (95% CI 7.4-12.3) overall and 20.9 (95% CI 11.7-37.3) in patients receiving intensive care. 56% of patients with AKI who were discharged alive recovered kidney function back to baseline. The area under the curve (AUC) for the machine learned predictive model using baseline features for dialysis requirement was 0.79 in a validation test., Conclusions and Relevance: AKI is common in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, associated with worse mortality, and the majority of patients that survive do not recover kidney function. A machine-learned model using admission features had good performance for dialysis prediction and could be used for resource allocation.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Peritransplant eculizumab does not prevent delayed graft function in deceased donor kidney transplant recipients: Results of two randomized controlled pilot trials.
- Author
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Schröppel B, Akalin E, Baweja M, Bloom RD, Florman S, Goldstein M, Haydel B, Hricik DE, Kulkarni S, Levine M, Mehrotra A, Patel A, Poggio ED, Ratner L, Shapiro R, and Heeger PS
- Subjects
- Aged, Delayed Graft Function etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Tissue Donors, Treatment Outcome, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Complement Inactivating Agents therapeutic use, Delayed Graft Function prevention & control, Graft Survival drug effects, Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
Animal models and observational human data indicate that complement, including C5a, pathogenically participates in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury that manifests as delayed graft function (DGF) following deceased donor kidney transplantation. We report on the safety/efficacy of anti-C5 monoclonal antibody eculizumab (Ecu) administered in the operating room prior to reperfusion, to prevent DGF in recipients of deceased donor kidney transplants in two related, investigator-sponsored, randomized controlled trials. Eight recipients from a single center were enrolled in a pilot study that led to a 19-subject multicenter trial. Together, 27 deceased donor kidney transplant recipients, 16 Ecu-treated and 11 controls, were treated with rabbit antithymocyte globulin, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil with or without glucocorticoids, and followed for 6 months. Data analysis showed no epidemiological or transplant-related differences between study arms. Ecu was well tolerated with a similar severe adverse event incidence between groups. The DGF rate did not differ between Ecu-treated (44%) and control (45%, P = 1.0) subjects. Serum creatinine reduction in the first week after transplantation, and graft function up to 180-days post-transplant, were also similar. Ecu administration was safe but did not reduce the rate of DGF in a high-risk population of deceased donor recipients., (© 2019 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Impact of preformed T-cell alloreactivity by means of donor-specific and panel of reactive T cells (PRT) ELISPOT in kidney transplantation.
- Author
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Gandolfini I, Crespo E, Baweja M, Jarque M, Donadei C, Luque S, Montero N, Allesina A, Perin L, Maggiore U, Cravedi P, and Bestard O
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Allografts immunology, Allografts pathology, B-Lymphocytes immunology, Biopsy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Graft Rejection diagnosis, Graft Rejection epidemiology, Graft Rejection pathology, Humans, Immunologic Memory immunology, Interferon-gamma analysis, Interferon-gamma immunology, Interleukin-15 analysis, Interleukin-15 immunology, Isoantibodies immunology, Kidney immunology, Kidney pathology, Kidney physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Preoperative Period, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Tissue Donors, Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay methods, Graft Rejection immunology, Kidney Transplantation adverse effects, Monitoring, Immunologic methods, T-Lymphocytes immunology
- Abstract
Donor-specific (d-sp) interferon gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (d-sp ELISPOT) and Panel of reactive T-cell (PRT) ELISPOT assays have been developed to detect alloreactive memory T (Tmem) cells in order to estimate the risk of acute rejection after kidney transplantation. Adding IL15 to the PRT assay (PRT+IL15) may uncover the presence of pathogenic alloreactive CD28-Tmem. Face-to-face comparisons of these assays have not been done yet. We performed pre-transplant d-sp ELISPOT and PRT assays (±IL15, against six B-cell lines) in 168 consecutive kidney transplant recipients and evaluated the multivariable-adjusted associations with biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSA), and eGFR decline over a 48-month follow-up period. D-sp ELISPOT was positive in 81 (48%) subjects, while 71 (42%) and 81 (48%) subjects displayed positive PRT and PRT+IL15, respectively. Their median [interquartile range] numerical test result was 23 [6-65], 18 [8-37], and 26 [10-45] spots/3x105 PBMCs, respectively. The number of PRT spots were weakly correlated with those of d-sp ELISPOT, but highly correlated with PRT+IL15 (rho = 0.96, P<0.001). d-sp ELISPOT, but not PRT (±IL15) was independently associated with BPAR (adjusted Odds Ratio of BPAR associated with d-sp ELISPOT positivity: 4.20 [95%CI: 1.06 to 21.73; P = 0.041]). Unlike d-sp ELISPOT, median PRT and PRT+IL15 were independently associated with higher Δ3-48month eGFR decline post-transplantation (for both assays, about -3mL/min/1.73m2 per one standard deviation unit increase in the spot number). Pre-transplant T-cell immune-monitoring using d-sp ELISPOT and PRT assays identifies kidney transplant candidates at high risk of BPAR and worse kidney allograft progression., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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20. Gene editing and genetic engineering approaches for advanced probiotics: A review.
- Author
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Yadav R, Kumar V, Baweja M, and Shukla P
- Subjects
- Bacteria genetics, Bacteria metabolism, Humans, Metabolic Engineering, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics, Gene Editing methods, Probiotics pharmacology
- Abstract
The applications of probiotics are significant and thus resulted in need of genome analysis of probiotic strains. Various omics methods and systems biology approaches enables us to understand and optimize the metabolic processes. These techniques have increased the researcher's attention towards gut microbiome and provided a new source for the revelation of uncharacterized biosynthetic pathways which enables novel metabolic engineering approaches. In recent years, the broad and quantitative analysis of modified strains relies on systems biology tools such as in silico design which are commonly used methods for improving strain performance. The genetic manipulation of probiotic microorganisms is crucial for defining their role in intestinal microbiota and exploring their beneficial properties. This review describes an overview of gene editing and systems biology approaches, highlighting the advent of omics methods which allows the study of new routes for studying probiotic bacteria. We have also summarized gene editing tools like TALEN, ZFNs and CRISPR-Cas that edits or cleave the specific target DNA. Furthermore, in this review an overview of proposed design of advanced customized probiotic is also hypothesized to improvise the probiotics.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Recent developments in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering in microalgae towards biofuel production.
- Author
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Jagadevan S, Banerjee A, Banerjee C, Guria C, Tiwari R, Baweja M, and Shukla P
- Abstract
In the wake of the uprising global energy crisis, microalgae have emerged as an alternate feedstock for biofuel production. In addition, microalgae bear immense potential as bio-cell factories in terms of producing key chemicals, recombinant proteins, enzymes, lipid, hydrogen and alcohol. Abstraction of such high-value products (algal biorefinery approach) facilitates to make microalgae-based renewable energy an economically viable option. Synthetic biology is an emerging field that harmoniously blends science and engineering to help design and construct novel biological systems, with an aim to achieve rationally formulated objectives. However, resources and tools used for such nuclear manipulation, construction of synthetic gene network and genome-scale reconstruction of microalgae are limited. Herein, we present recent developments in the upcoming field of microalgae employed as a model system for synthetic biology applications and highlight the importance of genome-scale reconstruction models and kinetic models, to maximize the metabolic output by understanding the intricacies of algal growth. This review also examines the role played by microalgae as biorefineries, microalgal culture conditions and various operating parameters that need to be optimized to yield biofuel that can be economically competitive with fossil fuels.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Recent Developments in Systems Biology and Metabolic Engineering of Plant-Microbe Interactions.
- Author
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Kumar V, Baweja M, Singh PK, and Shukla P
- Abstract
Microorganisms play a crucial role in the sustainability of the various ecosystems. The characterization of various interactions between microorganisms and other biotic factors is a necessary footstep to understand the association and functions of microbial communities. Among the different microbial interactions in an ecosystem, plant-microbe interaction plays an important role to balance the ecosystem. The present review explores plant-microbe interactions using gene editing and system biology tools toward the comprehension in improvement of plant traits. Further, system biology tools like FBA (flux balance analysis), OptKnock, and constraint-based modeling helps in understanding such interactions as a whole. In addition, various gene editing tools have been summarized and a strategy has been hypothesized for the development of disease free plants. Furthermore, we have tried to summarize the predictions through data retrieved from various types of sources such as high throughput sequencing data (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphism detection, RNA-seq, proteomics) and metabolic models have been reconstructed from such sequences for species communities. It is well known fact that systems biology approaches and modeling of biological networks will enable us to learn the insight of such network and will also help further in understanding these interactions.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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23. An Alkaline Protease from Bacillus pumilus MP 27: Functional Analysis of Its Binding Model toward Its Applications As Detergent Additive.
- Author
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Baweja M, Tiwari R, Singh PK, Nain L, and Shukla P
- Abstract
A proteolytic strain of Bacillus pumilus MP 27 was isolated from water samples of Southern ocean produced alkaline protease. Since protease production need expensive ingredients, an economically viable process was developed by using low cost carbon source, wheat straw, supplemented with peptone. This protease was active within temperature ranges 10-70°C at pH 9. This process was optimized by response surface methodology using a Box Bekhman design by Design Expert 7.0 software that increased the protease activity to 776.5 U/ml. Moreover, the enzyme was extremely stable at a broad range of temperature and pH retaining 69% of its activity at 50°C and 70% at pH 11. The enzyme exhibited excellent compatibility with surfactants and commercial detergents, showing 87% stability with triton X-100 and 100% stability with Tide commercial detergent. The results of the wash performance analysis demonstrated considerably good de-staining at 50 and 4°C with low supplementation (109 U/ml). Molecular modeling of the protease revealed the presence of serine proteases, subtilase family and serine active site and further docking supported the association of catalytic site with the various substrates. Certainly, such protease can be considered as a good detergent additive in detergent industry with a possibility to remove the stains effectively even in a cold wash.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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24. Current Technological Improvements in Enzymes toward Their Biotechnological Applications.
- Author
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Baweja M, Nain L, Kawarabayasi Y, and Shukla P
- Abstract
Enzymes from extremophiles are creating interest among researchers due to their unique properties and the enormous power of catalysis at extreme conditions. Since community demands are getting more intensified, therefore, researchers are applying various approaches viz. metagenomics to increase the database of extremophilic species. Furthermore, the innovations are being made in the naturally occurring enzymes utilizing various tools of recombinant DNA technology and protein engineering, which allows redesigning of the enzymes for its better fitment into the process. In this review, we discuss the biochemical constraints of psychrophiles during survival at the lower temperature. We summarize the current knowledge about the sources of such enzymes and their in vitro modification through mutagenesis to explore their biotechnological potential. Finally, we recap the microbial cell surface display to enhance the efficiency of the process in cost effective way.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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25. Dental findings in patients with West syndrome: a report of two cases.
- Author
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Khatri A, Kalra N, Tyagi R, Baweja M, and Khandelwal D
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Mouth Diseases physiopathology, Spasms, Infantile physiopathology
- Abstract
West syndrome a rare, severe form of epilepsy occurs in early infancy. It is characterized by a triad consisting of infantile spasms that occurs in clusters, arrest of psychomotor development and hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalogram. We present here two cases of west syndrome where patients required dental care due to the presence of certain dental findings. Preventive measurements such as controlled diet and proper oral hygiene along with professional dental management are recommended in patients with west syndrome to avoid dental problems.
- Published
- 2014
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26. Crystal engineering of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase for structure-based drug design.
- Author
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Bauman JD, Das K, Ho WC, Baweja M, Himmel DM, Clark AD Jr, Oren DA, Boyer PL, Hughes SH, Shatkin AJ, and Arnold E
- Subjects
- Cloning, Molecular, Drug Design, HIV Reverse Transcriptase genetics, HIV Reverse Transcriptase metabolism, Models, Molecular, Mutagenesis, Rilpivirine, Crystallography, X-Ray, HIV Reverse Transcriptase chemistry, Nitriles chemistry, Protein Engineering methods, Pyrimidines chemistry, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors chemistry
- Abstract
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is a primary target for anti-AIDS drugs. Structures of HIV-1 RT, usually determined at approximately 2.5-3.0 A resolution, are important for understanding enzyme function and mechanisms of drug resistance in addition to being helpful in the design of RT inhibitors. Despite hundreds of attempts, it was not possible to obtain the structure of a complex of HIV-1 RT with TMC278, a nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) in advanced clinical trials. A systematic and iterative protein crystal engineering approach was developed to optimize RT for obtaining crystals in complexes with TMC278 and other NNRTIs that diffract X-rays to 1.8 A resolution. Another form of engineered RT was optimized to produce a high-resolution apo-RT crystal form, reported here at 1.85 A resolution, with a distinct RT conformation. Engineered RTs were mutagenized using a new, flexible and cost effective method called methylated overlap-extension ligation independent cloning. Our analysis suggests that reducing the solvent content, increasing lattice contacts, and stabilizing the internal low-energy conformations of RT are critical for the growth of crystals that diffract to high resolution. The new RTs enable rapid crystallization and yield high-resolution structures that are useful in designing/developing new anti-AIDS drugs.
- Published
- 2008
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27. HER2-positive breast cancer: current treatment strategies.
- Author
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Perez EA and Baweja M
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal adverse effects, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Heart Failure chemically induced, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Neoplasm Metastasis, Observer Variation, Protein Kinase Inhibitors adverse effects, Receptor, ErbB-2 genetics, Reproducibility of Results, Trastuzumab, Treatment Outcome, Up-Regulation, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left chemically induced, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Breast Neoplasms enzymology, Patient Selection, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Receptor, ErbB-2 analysis
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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28. Zinc sulphate following the administration of iodine-131 on the regulation of thyroid function, in rats.
- Author
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Dhawan D, Singh Baweja M, and Dani V
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Hypothyroidism drug therapy, Hypothyroidism metabolism, Hypothyroidism pathology, Iodide Peroxidase blood, Iodine Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Iodine Radioisotopes therapeutic use, Kinetics, Ovarian Follicle cytology, Ovarian Follicle metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase blood, Thyroid Function Tests, Thyroid Gland metabolism, Thyroid Gland pathology, Thyroxine blood, Triiodothyronine blood, Zinc Sulfate pharmacokinetics, Zinc Sulfate therapeutic use, Iodine Radioisotopes administration & dosage, Ovarian Follicle drug effects, Thyroid Gland drug effects
- Abstract
Hyperthyroidism in men is often treated with high doses of iodine-131 ((131)I), which may induce radiation side effects to patients and their environment. These therapeutic doses of (131)I could be decreased, if the (131)I uptake of the thyroid gland of the patients could be increased. Zinc sulphate has been considered to exercise a protective role by maintaining the cellular integrity of the thyroid under various pathological states. The aim of our study was to study in Wistar rats whether zinc sulphate can after treatment of the thyroid gland with (131)I: a) increase the uptake of (131)I in the thyroid and b) stabilize the function of the follicular cells. If such a stabilization finally exists in men we could have favorable results like fewer cases of hypothyroidism after (131)I treatment of hyperthyroidism. To carry out these investigations, rats were divided into four groups comprising of eight animals each. Group I animals served as normal controls. Group II animals received a dose of 3.7 MBq of (131)I. Group III animals were supplemented with zinc (227 mg/L of drinking water) and animals in Group IV were given (131)I together with zinc sulphate as above. Our results showed that in Group II, serum levels of tetra-iodo-thyronine (T(4)) and tri-iodo-thyronine (T(3)) decreased significantly as a function of time following (131)I treatment. An increase in the levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was noticed one week after (131)I treatment, becoming less pronounced with time. In Group II, thyroid uptake at 2h and at 24h was significantly decreased. In the same Group biological half life (T(biol)) of (131)I in the thyroid gland, was significantly elevated four weeks after the administration of (131)I and decreased eight weeks after. In Group IV animals, zinc sulfate after four weeks, induced normalization of elevated serum TSH levels and a further increase in the T(biol) of (131)I. After eight weeks in these animals, serum T(3) became normal and TSH remained at normal levels. Thyroid (131)I uptake at 2 and 24 h was increased as compared to Group II. Group III animals showed some increase in the levels of Na(+)K(+)ATPase and type 1,5'-deiodinase (5'-DI) as compared to normal rats of Group I. In conclusion, this study suggests the protective potential of zinc sulphate in the disturbed after (131)I treatment, thyroid function, thyroid hormones and TSH while the (131)I uptake was reduced. Thus, if this result is further confirmed, zinc sulphate may show to be a promising radioprotective agent for the thyroid gland.
- Published
- 2007
29. A page from my oncology fellowship.
- Author
-
Baweja M
- Subjects
- Emotions, Fellowships and Scholarships, Medical Oncology education, Physician-Patient Relations, Terminal Care psychology
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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