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7. Discrete Fourier Transform Method for Discrimination of Digital Scintillation Pulses in Mixed Neutron-Gamma Fields

Author

Safari, M. J., Davani, F. Abbasi, Afarideh, H., Jamili, S., and Bayat, E.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

A Discrete Fourier Transform Method (DFTM) for discrimination between the signal of neutrons and gamma rays in organic scintillation detectors is presented. The method is based on the transformation of signals into the frequency domain using the sine and cosine Fourier transforms in combination with the discrete Fourier transform. The method is largely benefited from considerable differences that usually is available between the zero-frequency components of sine and cosine and the norm of the amplitude of the DFT for neutrons and gamma-ray signals. Moreover, working in frequency domain naturally results in considerable suppression of the unwanted effects of various noise sources that is expected to be effective in time domain methods. The proposed method could also be assumed as a generalized nonlinear weighting method that could result in a new class of pulse shape discrimination methods, beyond definition of the DFT. A comparison to the traditional Charge Integration Method (CIM), as well as the Frequency Gradient Analysis Method (FGAM) and the Wavelet Packet Transform Method (WPTM) has been presented to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the method for real-world applications. The method, in general, shows better discrimination Figure of Merits (FoMs) at both the low-light outputs and in average over the studied energy domain. A noise analysis has been performed for all of the abovementioned methods. It reveals that the frequency domain methods (FGAM and DFTM) are less sensitive to the noise effects., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

Published
2016
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36. Induced-partial saturation for liquefaction mitigation: experimental investigation

Author

Yegian, M.K., Eseller-Bayat, E., Alshawabkeh, A., and Ali, S.

Subjects
Drainage -- Research, Radar systems -- Usage, Soils -- Research, Earth sciences, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

The technical feasibility of a new liquefaction mitigation technique is investigated by introducing small amounts of gas/air into liquefaction-susceptible soils. To explore this potential beneficial effect, partially saturated sand specimens were prepared and tested under cyclic shear strain controlled tests. A special flexible liquefaction box was designed and manufactured that allowed preparation and testing of large loose sand specimens under applied simple shear. Partial saturation was induced in various specimens by electrolysis and alternatively by drainage-recharge of the pore water. Using a shaking table, cyclic shear strain controlled tests were performed on fully and partially saturated loose sand specimens to determine the effect of partial saturation on the generation of excess pore water pressure. In addition, the use of cross-well radar in detecting partial saturation was explored. Finally, a setup of a deep sand column was prepared and the long-term sustainability of air entrapped in the voids of the sand was investigated. The results show that partial saturation can be achieved by gas generation using electrolysis or by drainage-recharge of the pore water without influencing the void ratio of the specimen. The results from cyclic tests demonstrate that a small reduction in the degree of saturation can prevent the occurrence of initial liquefaction. In all of the partially saturated specimens tested, the maximum excess pore pressure ratios ranged between 0.43 and 0.72. Also, the cross-well radar technique was able to detect changes in the degree of saturation when gases were generated in the specimen. Finally, monitoring the degree of partial saturation in a 151 cm long sand column led to the observation that after 442 days, the original degree of saturation of 82.9% increased only to 83.9%, indicating little tendency of diffusion of the entrapped air out of the specimen. The research reported in this paper demonstrated that induced-partial saturation in sands can prevent liquefaction, and the technique holds promise for use as a liquefaction mitigation measure. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:4(372) CE Database subject headings: Liquefaction; Saturation; Drainage; Shake table tests; Radar.

Published
2007

38. TÜRK VE MOĞOL KAHRAMANLIK DESTANLARINDAKİ ESKİ KONULAR: KARŞILAŞTIRMALI TAHLİL

Author

AVAKOVA, R.a. and BAYAT, E.

Subjects
Фольклор,Эпос,Поэтика,Ортақ мотив,Сюжеттер Типологиясы, Literature, Фольклор,Эпос,Поэтика,Общий мотив,Типология сюжетов, Halkbilimi,Destan,Şiir,Ortak Motif,Konu Tipolojisi, Edebiyat, Folklore,Epos,Poetics,General motive,Typology of Plots
Abstract

Эпосы тюрко-монгольских народов с точки зрения тематики и сюжета очень близки по содержанию и форме, что доказывает тезис о том, что они являются генетически родственными языками. Основной целью работы является анализ в сопоставительном типологическом аспекте эпических поэм тюркских народов с монгольскими эпическими поэмами с целью изучения их жанровых особенностей, поэтического языка, художественного стиля, эволюционных путей развития в разные исторические периоды. Статья посвящена историко-структурному анализу типологии эпического искусства тюркских и монгольских народов. Сравнения, основанные на исторических диахронических и структурно-синхронных аспектах исторической типологии, доказывают, что наличие сюжета, мотива и общих черт в казахских, кыргызских, алтайских, тувинских, башкирских, якутских и монгольских поэмах связано не только с историко-культурными, но и историко-родственными связями. В зависимости от историко-социальных, художественно-познавательных и этно-генеалогических особенностей исконных корней, традиций и истории, тюрко-монгольский эпос претерпел различные стадии развития, на основе которых формируется эпическая традиция каждой нации и согласно которому уровень этапов развития различен по своей природе., Türk ve Moğol halklarının destanları, konu, içerik ve bakış açısından birbirlerine çok benzerler. Türkçe ve Moğolca soy ve akrabalık bağlamda aynı kökten türeyen dillerdir. Türk halklarının destanların tür özellikleri, şiirsel ve sanatsal tabiatı, gelişme yolları ve tarihi dönemleri gibi sorunları geniş bir ölçüde tanımlama gayesiyle Moğol destanlarıyla karşılaştırmak ve tipolojik açıdan tahlil etmek başlıca amacımızdır. Makalede, Türk ve Moğol halklarının destan sanatının tipolojisinin tarihsel ve yapısal analizine yer verilmiştir. Tarihsel, diakronik ve yapısal olarak senkronize edilmiş tarihsel tipolojiye dayanan karşılaştırmalar, Kazak, Kırgız, Altay, Tuva, Başkurt, Yakut ve Moğol şiirlerinde konu, motif ve ortak özelliklerin varlığının sadece tarihsel ve kültürel bağlar açısından değil, aynı zamanda tarihsel ve akrabalık ilişkileri açısından da olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır. Orijinal köklerin ve geleneklerin tarihsel, sosyal, sanatsal, eğitimsel ve etno-soysal özelliklerine bağlı olarak, Türk-Moğol destanlarının karşılaştırılması, her milletin destan geleneğinin doğada farklı oluştuğu temeline dayanarak çeşitli gelişim aşamalarından geçtiğini göstermektedir., The epics of Turkic-Mongolian peoples are very similar to plot and thematic. These languages are similar genetically and relative languages. For the purpose of learning the epic of the Turkic peoples, their genres, their poetic and artistic nature, evolutionary paths of development, and historical stages, their main objective is to analyze their comparative typological aspects with Mongolian epic poems. The article is devoted to the historical and structural analysis of the typology of the epic works of the Turkic and Mongolian peoples. The comparisons on the basis of historical diaxronical and structural synchronous aspects of historical typology prove that the presence of commonness, and common features in Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Altai, Tuva, Bashkir, Yakut and Mongolian poems is not only from the point of view of historical and cultural ties, but also historical and kinship relations. The Turkic-Mongolian epos have different epochs of development, based on historical-social, cognitive, ethnic-genealogical features, although there is a similar history, tradition and history, but on the basis of which the epic tradition of each nation is formed and according to the level of stages of development character., Түркі-монғол халықтарының эпостары сюжеттік-тақырыптық жағынан өте ұқсас болып келеді. Олар - генетикалық-туыстық жағынан тамырлас тілдер. Түркі халықтарының эпостарын, олардың жанрлық ерекшеліктерін, поэтикалық-көркем табиғатын, эволюциялық даму жолдарын, тарихи кезеңдерін жете танып білу мақсатында, оларды монғол эпикалық жырларымен салыстырмалы типологиялық аспектіде талдау негізгі мақсатқа алынды. Мақала түркі және монғол халықтарының эпикалық туындыларының типологиясын тарихи және құрылымдық тұрғыдан талдауға арналады. Тарихи типологияның тарихи диахрондық және құрылымдық синхрондық аспектілері негізінде қарастырылған салыстырулар қазақ, қырғыз, алтай, тува, башқұрт, якут және моңғол жырларындағы сюжеттік, мотивтік ортақ белгілердің болуын олардың тарихи-мәдени байланыс тұрғысынан ғана емес, тарихи-туыстастық қатынастарынан болғандығын дәлелдейді. Түпкі тамыры бір, дәстүрі, тарих ұқсас болғанымен тарихи-әлеуметтік, көркемдік-танымдық, этникалық-тектік өзгешеліктердің болуына байланысты түркі-моңғол эпостары дамудың әр түрлі кезеңдерін бастан кешірген, соның негізінде әр ұлттың эпикалық дәстүрі қалыптасып, соған сай стадиялық даму деңгейі жағынан әр түрлі сипатта қалыптасып келген.

Published
2019

40. A methodology for estimation of site-specific nonlinear dynamic soil behaviour using vertical downhole arrays.

Author

Eseller-Bayat, E. Ece and Ada, Mehmet

Subjects
*NONLINEAR estimation, *MODULUS of rigidity, *SEISMOGRAMS, *SHEAR waves, *SYSTEM identification, *SOIL dynamics
Abstract

System identification (SI) techniques have been widely used in Geotechnical Engineering to understand the characteristics of soils. In this study, system identification techniques with and without using a constitutive model were examined using three downhole array sites in California, US. Shear wave velocities (VS) and maximum shear moduli (Gmax) of soils were obtained using SI techniques without using a constitutive model and low-amplitude earthquake records. Average shear moduli and average damping ratios of soil layers were estimated through SI technique using a linear constitutive model and relatively high amplitude records. Finally, a practical methodology was proposed for predicting site-specific shear modulus degradation (G/Gmax) and damping curves (ξ) using nonlinear constitutive models and high amplitude earthquake data recorded in some arrays. The proposed methodology predicts site-specific dynamic characteristics by using the recorded earthquake data and iterating the reference strain (γr) in the nonlinear constitutive model. From the results, it can be inferred that average shear modulus values estimated using the linear constitutive model might not predict the dynamic soil behaviour properly for high amplitude earthquakes. However, the acceleration time histories obtained using the site-specific G/Gmax and ξ curves predicted by the proposed methodology using nonlinear constitutive model were in good agreement with the recorded acceleration data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. TET2, DNMT3A, IDH1, and JAK2 Mutation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in southern Iran.

Author

Abedi, E., Ramzi, M., Karimi, M., Yaghobi, R., Mohammadi, H., Bayat, E., Moghadam, M., Farokhian, F., Dehghani, M., Golafshan, H. A., and Haghpanah, S.

Subjects
MYELOPROLIFERATIVE neoplasms, CHRONIC myeloid leukemia, PHILADELPHIA chromosome, BONE marrow transplantation, GENETIC mutation
Abstract

Background: Five epigenetic regulator mutations are considered in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) that have prognostic and therapeutic values. Objective: We aimed to evaluate these mutations in MPNs among the Iranian population Methods: We selected 5 mutations in 4 epigenetic regulatory genes [TET2, DNMT3A, IDH1 (rs147001633& rs121913499), and JAK2)] and evaluated 130 patients with MPNs including 78 Philadelphia chromosome negative (49 ETs, 20 PVs, and 9 PMFs) and 52 Philadelphia chromosome-positive patients as well as 51 healthy controls. Results: Eight patients (6.5%) carried the DNMT3A mutation, 35 (27%) were positive for TET2 mutation and 64 (49.3%) had the JAK2V617F mutation. In the healthy controls, 16 (31.4%) cases had the TET2 mutation (15 Heterozygote + 1 Homozygote) and one had heterozygote JAK2 mutation. There was no statistically significant difference between patient groups for any of these mutations, except for JAK2. The JAK2 mutation rate was 18 (90%), 25 (51%), 7 (77.8%), 14 (26.9%) in polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, primary myelofibrosis, and chronic myelocytic leukemia, respectively. Patients aged 60 and older were more likely to carry the TET2 mutation (23% vs. 39% in younger and older than 60 years old individuals, p=0.025). IDH1 was not detected at all and PV had the highest TET2 mutation 7(35%). Two PMF patients had a history of bone marrow transplantation that were negative for IDH1and DNMT3A and one was positive for TET2 mutation. Conclusion: In the normal Iranian population, the heterozygote form of TET2 mutation is significant, especially in the elderly. No association was found between JAK2 and TET2 mutations. Both of them are more prevalent in the age group of 60 years and older. DNMT3A mutation has a low prevalence and occurs in both positive and negative MPNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

46. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An emerging era of collaboratie gene discovery

Author

Gwinn, K, Corriveau, RA, Mitsumoto, H, Bednarz, K, Brown, RH, Cudkowicz, M, Gordon, PH, Hardy, J, Kasarskis, EJ, Kaufmann, P, Miller, R, Sorenson, E, Tandan, R, Traynor, BJ, Nash, J, Sherman, A, Mailman, MD, Ostell, J, Bruijn, L, Cwik, V, Rich, SS, Singleton, A, Refolo, L, Andrews, J, Zhang, R, Conwit, R, Keller, MA, Lomen-Hoerth, C, Simmons, Z, Newman, DS, Barohn, RJ, Crum, B, Stevens, JC, Simpson, EP, Boylan, KB, McCluskey, L, Bedlack, RS, Bosch, EP, Barkhaus, PE, Dibernardo, A, Caress, JB, Lacomis, D, Pestronk, A, Shefner, JM, Maragakis, NJ, Heitzman, D, Goslin, KL, Jackson, CE, Glass, JD, Mozaffar, T, Bertorini, TE, Chad, DA, Trivedi, JR, Rezania, K, Heiman-Patterson, TD, Gutmann, L, Rosenfeld, J, Brooks, BR, Hayat, G, Chapin, JE, Rudnicki, SA, Harati, Y, Rana, SS, Verma, A, Russell, JA, Pioro, EP, Thornton, CA, Sams, L, Kelly, J, Bayat, E, Kelkar, PM, Shivapour, ET, Scelsa, SN, Walk, D, Peltier, AC, Sachs, G, Belsh, JM, Graves, MC, Thakore, NJ, Brent, HT, Cho, C, Wymer, JP, Lou, JS, Weiss, MD, Carter, GS, Armon, C, Vidic, TR, Bromberg, MB, and Lange, DJ

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease (MND). It is currently incurable and treatment is largely limited to supportive care. Family history is associated with an increased risk of ALS, and many Mendelian causes have been discovered. However, most forms of the disease are not obviously familial. Recent advances in human genetics have enabled genome-wide analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that make it possible to study complex genetic contributions to human disease. Genome-wide SNP analyses require a large sample size and thus depend upon collaborative efforts to collect and manage the biological samples and corresponding data. Public availability of biological samples (such as DNA), phenotypic and genotypic data further enhances research endeavors. Here we discuss a large collaboration among academic investigators, government, and non-government organizations which has created a public repository of human DNA, immortalized cell lines, and clinical data to further gene discovery in ALS. This resource currently maintains samples and associated phenotypic data from 2332 MND subjects and 4692 controls. This resource should facilitate genetic discoveries which we anticipate will ultimately provide a better understanding of the biological mechanisms of neurodegeneration in ALS.

Published
2007
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