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W tej pracy opisane zostaną po krótce dwa hormony wpływające na fizjologiczne funkcjonowanie trzustki. Obestatyna i grelina to peptydy oddziałujące antagonistycznie wywierając wpływ na homeostazę glukozy w organizmie. Jak powszechnie wiadomo, zaburzenia metabolizmu glukozowego stoją u podstaw wielu schorzeń. Jednymi z najbardziej znanych są cukrzyca typu II oraz otyłość, stanowiące obecnie problem globalny. Ponad to nadmiar tkanki tłuszczowej może prowadzić do konsekwencji takich jak nowotworzenie w obrębie narządów układu pokarmowego[1]. Wysoce istotna wydaje się zatem rola obestatyny i greliny. Zdobyta w tym zakresie wiedza posłużyć może w poszukiwaniu rozwiązań terapeutycznych lub zapobiegawczych.

A previous case report described an adrenal incidentaloma initially misdiagnosed as adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), which was treated with mitotane. The final diagnosis was metastatic melanoma of unknown primary origin. However, the patient developed rapid disease progression after mitotane withdrawal, suggesting a protective role for mitotane in a non-adrenal-derived tumor. The aim of the present study was to determine the biological response of primary melanoma cells obtained from that patient, and that of other established melanoma and ACC cell lines, to mitotane treatment using a proliferation assay, flow cytometry, quantitative PCR and microarrays. Although mitotane inhibited the proliferation of both ACC and melanoma cells, its role in melanoma treatment appears to be limited. Flow cytometry analysis and transcriptomic studies indicated that the ACC cell line was highly responsive to mitotane treatment, while the primary melanoma cells showed a moderate response

Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1), also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the Fgf1 gene. Previous studies have shown that FGF-1 may also participate in the regulation of glucose metabolism, both in healthy organisms and in pathological conditions such as diabetes. Because insulin the main regulator of glucose metabolism is secreted from pancreatic beta cells, we investigated whether FGF-1 directly affects the secretion of this hormone and regulates the metabolism of beta cells and isolated pancreatic islets. By using insulin-producing INS-1E cells and isolated pancreatic islets, we investigated the effect of FGF-1 on cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, and insulin expression and secretion. Our study showed that FGF1 and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FgfRs: FgfR1, FgfR2, FgfR3, and FgfR4) are present on mRNA level in INS-1E cells and isolated rat pancreatic islets. We also proved that FGF1 stimulates the proliferation of INS-1E beta cells and enhances the viability of these cells and that of isolated pancreatic islet cells, and that ERK1/2 kinase is involved in the regulation of INS-1E cell proliferation. Moreover, we found that FGF1 can stimulate insulin secretion from both INS-1E cells and isolated rat pancreatic islets. Thus, the FGF1 peptide increases cell survival and decreases cell death. The obtained results indicate that FGF1 may play a role in controlling the physiology and metabolism of pancreatic beta cells as well as glycemia.

Metal free phthalocyanine (PcH2) geometry has been fully optimized on MNDO level. For the structure obtained on this way interactions with NO molecule, for which Pc is known to be a very good sensor, have been investigated. It has been found that characteristic for PcH energy gap between the HOMO level and the next below it is absent in the case of PcH2− NO system.