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2. Plasma-photonic spatiotemporal synchronization of relativistic electron and laser beams

Author

Scherkl, Paul, Knetsch, Alexander, Heinemann, Thomas, Sutherland, Andrew, Habib, Ahmad Fahim, Karger, Oliver, Ullmann, Daniel, Beaton, Andrew, Kirwan, Gavin, Manahan, Grace, Xi, Yunfeng, Deng, Aihua, Litos, Michael Dennis, OShea, Brendan D., Green, Selina Z., Clarke, Christine I., Andonian, Gerard, Assmann, Ralph, Jaroszynski, Dino A., Bruhwiler, David L., Smith, Jonathan, Cary, John R., Hogan, Mark J., Yakimenko, Vitaly, Rosenzweig, James B., and Hidding, Bernhard

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Modern particle accelerators and their applications increasingly rely on precisely coordinated interactions of intense charged particle and laser beams. Femtosecond-scale synchronization alongside micrometre-scale spatial precision are essential e.g. for pump-probe experiments, seeding and diagnostics of advanced light sources and for plasma-based accelerators. State-of-the-art temporal or spatial diagnostics typically operate with low-intensity beams to avoid material damage at high intensity. As such, we present a plasma-based approach, which allows measurement of both temporal and spatial overlap of high-intensity beams directly at their interaction point. It exploits amplification of plasma afterglow arising from the passage of an electron beam through a laser-generated plasma filament. The corresponding photon yield carries the spatiotemporal signature of the femtosecond-scale dynamics, yet can be observed as a visible light signal on microsecond-millimetre scales.

Published
2019

3. Electron bunch generation from a plasma photocathode

Author

Deng, Aihua, Karger, Oliver, Heinemann, Thomas, Knetsch, Alexander, Scherkl, Paul, Manahan, Grace Gloria, Beaton, Andrew, Ullmann, Daniel, Wittig, Gregor, Habib, Ahmad Fahim, Xi, Yunfeng, Litos, Mike Dennis, O'Shea, Brendan D., Gessner, Spencer, Clarke, Christine I., Green, Selina Z., Lindstrøm, Carl Andreas, Adli, Erik, Zgadzaj, Rafal, Downer, Mike C., Andonian, Gerard, Murokh, Alex, Bruhwiler, David Leslie, Cary, John R., Hogan, Mark J., Yakimenko, Vitaly, Rosenzweig, James B., and Hidding, Bernhard

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Optics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Plasma waves generated in the wake of intense, relativistic laser or particle beams can accelerate electron bunches to giga-electronvolt (GeV) energies in centimetre-scale distances. This allows the realization of compact accelerators having emerging applications, ranging from modern light sources such as the free-electron laser (FEL) to energy frontier lepton colliders. In a plasma wakefield accelerator, such multi-gigavolt-per-metre (GV m$^{-1}$) wakefields can accelerate witness electron bunches that are either externally injected or captured from the background plasma. Here we demonstrate optically triggered injection and acceleration of electron bunches, generated in a multi-component hydrogen and helium plasma employing a spatially aligned and synchronized laser pulse. This ''plasma photocathode'' decouples injection from wake excitation by liberating tunnel-ionized helium electrons directly inside the plasma cavity, where these cold electrons are then rapidly boosted to relativistic velocities. The injection regime can be accessed via optical density down-ramp injection, is highly tunable and paves the way to generation of electron beams with unprecedented low transverse emittance, high current and 6D-brightness. This experimental path opens numerous prospects for transformative plasma wakefield accelerator applications based on ultra-high brightness beams., Comment: Alternative title: Generation and acceleration of electron bunches from a plasma photocathode

Published
2019

4. Fundamentals and Applications of Hybrid LWFA-PWFA

Author

Hidding, Bernhard, Beaton, Andrew, Boulton, Lewis, Corde, Sebastién, Doepp, Andreas, Habib, Fahim Ahmad, Heinemann, Thomas, Irman, Arie, Karsch, Stefan, Kirwan, Gavin, Knetsch, Alexander, Manahan, Grace Gloria, de la Ossa, Alberto Martinez, Nutter, Alastair, Scherkl, Paul, Schramm, Ulrich, Ullmann, Daniel, Gizzi, Leonida Antonio, editor, Assmann, Ralph, editor, Koester, Petra, editor, and Giulietti, Antonio, editor

Published
2019
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5. Plasma Photocathodes

Author

Habib, Ahmad Fahim, primary, Heinemann, Thomas, additional, Manahan, Grace G., additional, Ullmann, Daniel, additional, Scherkl, Paul, additional, Knetsch, Alexander, additional, Sutherland, Andrew, additional, Beaton, Andrew, additional, Campbell, David, additional, Rutherford, Lorne, additional, Boulton, Lewis, additional, Nutter, Alastair, additional, Karger, Oliver S., additional, Litos, Michael D., additional, O'Shea, Brendon D., additional, Andonian, Gerard, additional, Bruhwiler, David L., additional, Pretzler, Georg, additional, Wilson, Thomas, additional, Sheng, Zhengming, additional, Stumpf, Michael, additional, Reichwein, Lars, additional, Pukhov, Alexander, additional, Cary, John R., additional, Hogan, Mark J., additional, Yakimenko, Vitaly, additional, Rosenzweig, James B., additional, and Hidding, Bernhard, additional

Published
2023
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7. A randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of the LAG‐3‐depleting monoclonal antibody GSK2831781 in patients with active ulcerative colitis.

Author

D'Haens, Geert, Peyrin‐Biroulet, Laurent, Marks, Daniel J. B., Lisi, Edoardo, Liefaard, Lia, Beaton, Andrew, Srinivasan, Naren, Bouma, Gerben, Prasad, Naveen, Cameron, Raymond, Kayali, Zeid, Tarzi, Ruth, Hanauer, Stephen, and Sandborn, William J.

Subjects
ULCERATIVE colitis, MONOCLONAL antibodies, IMMUNE checkpoint proteins, T cells, DISEASE remission, SUMATRIPTAN, RHINORRHEA, PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors
Abstract

Summary: Background: Selective depletion of T cells expressing LAG‐3, an immune checkpoint receptor that is upregulated on activated T cells, has been investigated in pre‐clinical models as a potential therapeutic approach in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases where activated T cells are implicated. Aims: GSK2831781, a depleting monoclonal antibody that specifically binds LAG‐3 proteins, may deplete activated LAG‐3+ cells in ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: Patients with moderate to severe UC were randomised to GSK2831781 or placebo. Safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GSK2831781 were evaluated. Results: One hundred four participants across all dose levels were randomised prior to an interim analysis indicating efficacy futility criteria had been met. Efficacy results focus on the double‐blind induction phase of the study (GSK2831781 450 mg intravenously [IV], N = 48; placebo, N = 27). Median change from baseline (95% credible interval [CrI]) in complete Mayo score was similar between groups (GSK2831781 450 mg IV: −1.4 [−2.2, −0.7]; placebo: −1.4 [−2.4, −0.5]). Response rates for endoscopic improvement favoured placebo. Clinical remission rates were similar between groups. In the 450‐mg IV group, 14 (29%) participants had an adverse event of UC versus 1 (4%) with placebo. LAG‐3+ cells were depleted to 51% of baseline in blood; however, there was no reduction in LAG‐3+ cells in the colonic mucosa. Transcriptomic analysis of colon biopsies showed no difference between groups. Conclusion: Despite evidence of target cell depletion in blood, GSK2831781 failed to reduce inflammation in the colonic mucosa suggesting no pharmacological effect. The study was terminated early (NCT03893565). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. List of Contributors

Author

Amemiya, Jamie, primary, Appleton, James J., additional, Archambault, Isabelle, additional, Ardoin, Scott P., additional, Balfanz, Robert, additional, Baraf, Arthur, additional, Beaton, Andrew, additional, Beaton, Anne M., additional, Blanchard, Chantal, additional, Brauer, Scott, additional, Bressler, Denise M., additional, Byrnes, Vaughan, additional, Chang, Hedy, additional, Cheon, Sung Hyeon, additional, Christenson, Sandra L., additional, Dupéré, Veronique, additional, Ferguson, Sharlyn, additional, Fredricks, Jennifer A., additional, Furlong, Michael J., additional, Galand, Benoit, additional, Gilbert-Blanchard, Ophelie, additional, Goulet, Melissa, additional, Green, Jennifer Greif, additional, Gregory, Anne, additional, Hann, Tristan M.Z., additional, Hofkens, Tara L., additional, Holt, Melissa K., additional, Hospel, Virginie, additional, Hsieh, Ta-yang, additional, Jang, Hye-Ryen, additional, Janosz, Michel, additional, Jones, Jeffrey N., additional, Larson, Sue C., additional, Liu, Yangyang, additional, Mac Iver, Douglas J., additional, Nault-Brière, Frederic, additional, North, Elizabeth A., additional, Oblath, Rachel, additional, Osher, David, additional, O’Brennan, Lindsey M., additional, Parker, Janise S., additional, Pascal, Sophie, additional, Pino-James, Nicolás, additional, Reeve, Johnmarshall, additional, Reschly, Amy L., additional, Rubenstein, Robin, additional, Ruzek, Erik, additional, Ryan, Allison M., additional, Sauve, Julie Ann, additional, Sayeski, Kristin L., additional, Schanfield, Mara, additional, Schonert-Reichl, Kimberly A., additional, Sharrock, Daisy, additional, Shaunessy-Dedrick, Elizabeth, additional, Shernoff, David J., additional, Silberglitt, Benjamin, additional, Simpkins, Sandra D., additional, Sinha, Suparna, additional, Skiba, Russell J., additional, Suldo, Shannon M., additional, Wang, Ming-Te, additional, and Ye, Feifei, additional

Published
2019
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13. Phenotypic Analysis of Human Lymph Nodes in Subjects With New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy Individuals by Flow Cytometry

Author

Yang, Jennie H. M., primary, Khatri, Leena, additional, Mickunas, Marius, additional, Williams, Evangelia, additional, Tatovic, Danijela, additional, Alhadj Ali, Mohammad, additional, Young, Philippa, additional, Moyle, Penelope, additional, Sahni, Vishal, additional, Wang, Ryan, additional, Kaur, Rejbinder, additional, Tannahill, Gillian M., additional, Beaton, Andrew R., additional, Gerlag, Danielle M., additional, Savage, Caroline O. S., additional, Napolitano Rosen, Antonella, additional, Waldron-Lynch, Frank, additional, Dayan, Colin M., additional, and Tree, Timothy I. M., additional

Published
2019
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14. Fundamentals and Applications of Hybrid LWFA-PWFA

Author

Hidding, Bernhard, primary, Beaton, Andrew, additional, Boulton, Lewis, additional, Corde, Sebastién, additional, Doepp, Andreas, additional, Habib, Fahim Ahmad, additional, Heinemann, Thomas, additional, Irman, Arie, additional, Karsch, Stefan, additional, Kirwan, Gavin, additional, Knetsch, Alexander, additional, Manahan, Grace Gloria, additional, Martinez de la Ossa, Alberto, additional, Nutter, Alastair, additional, Scherkl, Paul, additional, Schramm, Ulrich, additional, and Ullmann, Daniel, additional

Published
2019
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45. HORIZON 2020 EuPRAXIA Design Study

Author

Walker, Paul Andreas, Alesini, David, Alexandrova, Alexandra, Anania, Maria Pia, Andreev, Nikolay, Assmann, Ralph, Audet, Thomas, Bacci, Alberto, Barna, Imre, Beaton, Andrew, Beck, Arnaud, Beluze, Audrey, Bernhard, Axel, Bielawski, Serge, Bisesto, Fabrizio, Bödewadt, Joern, Brandi, Fernando, Bringer, Olivier, Brinkmann, Reinhard, Bründermann, Erik, Bussolino, Giancarlo, Buescher, Markus, Chancé, Antoine, Chen, Min, Chiadroni, Enrica, Cianchi, Alessandro, Clarke, James, Couprie, Marie-Emmanuelle, Croia, Michele, Cros, Brigitte, Dale, John, Dattoli, Giuseppe, Delerue, Nicolas, Delferrière, Olivier, Delinikolas, Panagiotis, Dias, João, Dorda, Ulrich, Ertel, Klaus, Ferran Pousa, Ángel, Ferrario, Massimo, Filippi, Francesco, Fils, Jérôme, Fiorito, Ralph, Fonseca, Ricardo, Galimberti, Marco, Gallo, Alessandro, Garzella, David, Gastinel, Philippe, Giove, Dario, Giribono, Anna, Gizzi, Leonida, Grüner, Florian, Habib, A. Fahim, Haefner, Leon, Heinemann, Thomas, Hidding, Bernhard, Holzer, Bernhard, Hooker, Simon, Hosokai, Tomonao, Jaroszynski, Dino, Joshi, Chan, Kaluza, Malte, Karger, Oliver, Karsch, Stefan, Khazanov, Efim, Khikhlukha, Danila, Knetsch, Alexander, Kocon, Dariusz, Koester, Petra, Kononenko, Olena, Korn, Georg, Kostyukov, Igor, Labate, Luca, Lechner, Christoph, Leemans, Wim, Lehrach, Andreas, Li, Fei Yu, Li, Xiangkun, Lifschitz, Agustin, Litvinenko, Vladimir, Lu, Wei, Maier, Andreas, Malka, Victor, Manahan, Grace, Mangles, Stuart, Marchetti, Barbara, Marocchino, Alberto, Martinez de La Ossa, Alberto, Martins, Joana, Masaki, Kando, Massimo, Francesco, Mathieu, Francois, Maynard, Gilles, Mehrling, Timon, Molodozhentsev, Alexander, Mosnier, Alban, Mostacci, Andrea, Müller, Anke-Susanne, Najmudin, Zulfikar, Nghiem, Phu Anh Phi, Nguyen, Federico, Niknejadi, Pardis, Osterhoff, Jens, Papadopoulos, Dimitrios, Patrizi, Barbara, Pattathil, Rajeev, Petrillo, Vittoria, Pocsai, Mihály, Poder, Kristjan, Pompili, Riccardo, Pribyl, Lukas, Pugacheva, Daria, Romeo, Stefano, Rossi, Andrea, Sahai, Aakash, Sano, Yoshinobu, Scherkl, Paul, Schramm, Ulrich, Schroeder, Carl, Schwindling, Jerome, Scifo, Jessica, Serafini, Luca, Sheng, Zhengming, Silva, Luis, Simon, Claire, Sinha, Ujjwal, Specka, Arnd, Streeter, Matthew, Svystun, Elena, Symes, Daniel, Szwaj, Christophe, Tauscher, Gabriele, Thomas, Alec, Thompson, Neil, Toci, Guido, Tomassini, Paolo, Vaccarezza, Cristina, Vannini, Matteo, Vieira, Jorge, Villa, Fabio, Wahlstrom, Claes-Goran, Walczak, Roman, Weikum, Maria, Welsch, Carsten, Wolfenden, Joseph, Xia, Guoxing, Yabashi, Makina, Yu, Lule, Zhu, Jun, Zigler, Arie, Laboratoire de physique des gaz et des plasmas (LPGP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)-University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
radiation, electron, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Physics::Accelerator Physics, acceleration, Accelerators and Storage Rings, plasma, laser
Abstract

International audience; The Horizon 2020 Project EuPRAXIA ('European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications') aims at producing a design report of a highly compact and cost-effective European facility with multi-GeV electron beams using plasma as the acceleration medium. The accelerator facility will be based on a laser and/or a beam driven plasma acceleration approach and will be used for photon science, high-energy physics (HEP) detector tests, and other applications such as compact X-ray sources for medical imaging or material processing. EuPRAXIA started in November 2015 and will deliver the design report in October 2019. EuPRAXIA aims to be included on the ESFRI roadmap in 2020.

Published
2017

46. Angled laser triggered electron injection in the electron driven plasma wakefield acceleration scheme : a case study in a pursuit to increase tolerance levels, based on FACET II driver parameters

Author

Delinikolas, Panagiotis, Manahan, Grace, Hidding, Bernhard, Beaton, Andrew, Scherkl, Paul, Karger, Oliver, Witting, Georg, Knetsch, Alexander, Heinemann, Thomas, Hurtig, Gregor, and Habib, Fahim

Subjects
QC
Abstract

Co-axial laser triggered injection of electrons in PWFA can produce high quality witness bunches. In this study, angled injection was examined in a pursuit to increase the tolerance levels of synchronization and experimental misalignments while maintaining the high quality of the witness bunches.

Published
2016

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