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Primary school textbooks can enhance the acquisition of arithmetic word problem solving skills by offering diverse problems based on their semantic-mathematical structure with targeted reasoning aids, including schematics highlighting their mathematical structure. While certain countries, such as the USA and Singapore, have made progress in improving the problems and aids found in their textbooks through the use of specific theoretical-methodological approaches, textbooks from other countries, such as Spain, have included a very limited variety of problems, with hardly any aids to reasoning. Recently, however, two of the most widely used Spanish publishers have released textbooks that adhere to these theoretical-methodological approaches. To assess whether these textbooks progressed past their predecessors in relevant aspects related to the resolution of arithmetic word problems, we conducted an analysis of the quantity of problems and their variety in terms of semantic-mathematical structure and level of difficulty, as well as the inclusion of schematic representations of their mathematical structure. The study demonstrated improvements among textbooks when publishers adopted a theoretical framework, suggesting that a reference framework could enhance textbook design. This is particularly relevant in countries such as Spain, where there are no applicable standards or official curricula for designing textbooks related to solving arithmetic word problems.

This paper reviews the two periods of the publication of La Educanda (1861-1865), which are marked by changes in the main recipients: from mothers/teachers to young female readers, as well as by the composition of the newspaper itself. In the first period, there were rarely any female voices and there was no continuous publication of literary texts, although this was perhaps compensated for by the supply of books to reward subscriptions. In the second stage, literary creation increased in conjunction with the participation of some of the most important names of the so-called isabelinas women writers, particularly Joaquina García Balmaseda and Ángela Grassi, in whose professionalisation the magazine must have been a significant step forward. The readings they proposed for the instruction of the young ladies for whom the publication was intended are analysed, which, despite their moralising tone, represent an advance on the progress towards their education and economic independence.

Tras la Guerra Civil española, se estableció un régimen político que recuperó los conceptos de patria y religión como principios ideológicos fundamentales. Este estudio analiza si las prácticas escolares del nacionalcatolicismo, centradas en el sacrificio individual por la patria y la religión, influyeron en la identidad de género de las alumnas. Para ello, se analizaron cuadernos escolares de la escuela femenina del Centro Museo Pedagógico de la Universidad de Salamanca. Los resultados confirman que el nuevo régimen desmanteló las políticas igualitarias republicanas, relegando a las mujeres a roles subordinados y convirtiéndolas en guardianas del discurso católico y de los valores conservadores del franquismo.

Introduction: oral mucosa lesions (OML) are any abnormal variations in appearance, color, texture, swelling, or loss of integrity of the oral mucosa. The worldwide prevalence varies from 4.9 % to 64.7 %. This study aimed to determine the frequency of oral lesions in patients who consult the Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was carried out using a structured instrument with sociodemographic, clinical, and habit variables and systematic clinical examination according to the WHO. Statistical analysis was univariate and bivariate, calculating the average and standard deviation for the age variable and absolute and relative frequencies for each sociodemographic and clinical variable. Chi-square tests were done for differences in proportions. Results: 539 patients, the average age was 35.2 years (SD=23.5 years). The frequency of patients with oral lesions was 75.9 % (409). Statistically significant differences were found between the number of lesions and age, use, and type of appliances. Orthodontic appliances were the most common cause of injury (43.1 %). The most frequent lesions were traumatic (68.2 %), followed by vascular (22 %), exfoliative cheilitis (20 %), infectious (17.1 %), and reactive (5.13 %). Conclusions: the prevalence of OML in this population is high, with women mainly affected. The study highlights the importance of making a systematic clinical examination and correlating the findings with the patient's history to establish a diagnosis, prognosis, and appropriate treatment.

Abstract Since 2021, a new surge in discrete aurora detections at Mars has been observed by the Emirates Mars Ultraviolet Spectrometer (EMUS) onboard the Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) Hope Orbiter as EMUS started to regularly obtain synoptic auroral images with a high sensitivity. Here we report on a fortuitous conjunction between EMM and Mars Express (MEX) using far ultraviolet (FUV) imaging of discrete aurora by EMM EMUS, in situ measurements of suprathermal electrons by the MEX Analyzer of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms Electron Spectrometer (ELS), and topside radar sounding of the nightside ionosphere by the MEX Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS). In this event, EMM EMUS imaged a clear discrete aurora signature around moderately strong crustal magnetic fields on the nightside near the dusk terminator, 11 min before which MEX MARSIS measured a prominent local enhancement of the peak electron density in the nightside ionosphere and MEX ELS observed an in situ enhancement of suprathermal electrons at the corresponding location. A remarkable geographic agreement is found between the enhancements of the aurora, ionosphere, and suprathermal electrons, suggesting that the enhanced ionization and auroral emission are caused concurrently by precipitating suprathermal electrons. Subsequent images indicate that the discrete aurora slightly changed its shape in 15 min and mostly disappeared in a few hours. The MEX MARSIS measurements of the auroral ionosphere display overlapping ionospheric and surface echoes indicative of horizontal gradients of the peak electron density. Analysis of the overlapping echoes implies that the auroral ionosphere and electron precipitation could be highly structured with horizontal spatial scales on the order of several tens of km. MEX MARSIS also observed a non-auroral ionospheric enhancement with a wider spatial extent than the local auroral enhancement, suggesting alternative sources of the enhanced nightside ionosphere such as plasma transport. The comparison between the ionospheric structures measured by MEX MARSIS, suprathermal electron flux measured by MEX ELS, and discrete auroral emission imaged by EMM EMUS underscores the complexity of the auroral and non-auroral nightside ionospheres. This motivates further investigations of their sources, transport, and connections to the magnetotail dynamics of Mars.

This paper focuses on Frame-based Terminology (FBT), a theoretical framework based on cognitive premises that underpin the representation of specialized objects and events. It demonstrates that specialized semantic frames can be inferred from lexical schemas and semantic annotation. This research used corpus techniques to collect data for the representation of multilingual semantic frames. The research focuses on deforestation within the domain of Environmental Science. The methodology involves the encapsulation of corpus queries and semantic annotation to guide the creation of specialized frames associated with the deforestation event. Although the creation of frame-based terminological resources can be time-consuming, our results show that it is facilitated by the use, of e-tools that extract the arguments of specialized predicates, which are often immersed in complex syntactic constructions.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a crucial crop for employment and agricultural output and heavily reliant on family labor. This study evaluated the effects of nitrogen levels (80, 120, and 160 kg·ha−1) on weed incidence and key agronomic variables, including vegetative growth, yield, and related traits, in Ecuador’s primary rice-growing regions, Guayas and Los Ríos. A split-plot randomized complete block design was implemented using two rice varieties (INIAP-FL-Elite and SFL-11) and three planting densities (20 × 30, 25 × 30, and 30 × 30 cm). Weed incidence was higher in Los Ríos, dominated by grasses (55.28%), while Cyperaceae (46.27%) prevailed in Guayas. The data analysis included non-parametric tests to identify significant treatment effects, debiased sparse partial correlations (DSPCs) to reveal key agronomic interactions, and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify influential traits, ensuring robust and normalized interpretations. Analysis of variance indicated significant effects for all variables, with vegetative growth (VG) most affected (p < 0.001). The number of panicles (NP) and days to flowering (DF) showed significant though less pronounced effects, while the panicle length (LP) and 1000-seed weight (TSB) exhibited moderate responses. The DSPCs highlighted the grains per panicle (GP) and total biomass (SB) as critical variables, with significant correlations between the days to flowering and the tiller count at 55 days (r = 0.750, p < 0.001) and between the vegetative growth and the total biomass (r = 0.678, p < 0.001). PCA explained 58.8% of the total variance, emphasizing the days to flowering, plant height, total biomass, and yield as the most influential traits. These findings underline the importance of integrated nutrient and weed management strategies tailored to Ecuador’s agroecological conditions.

Objetivo. Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la Diabetes Tipo 2 en trabajadores de la salud. Materiales y métodos. Revisión sistemática de 32 artículos originales en inglés y español, publicados durante el período de enero desde 2018 a diciembre de 2023. Los estudios elegidos abarcan desde la prevención de esta enfermedad hasta la identificación de factores de riesgo en distintos entornos laborales, incluyendo artículos de revisión, metaanálisis, estudios cuantitativos, así como ensayos clínicos controlados. El proceso de tamizaje incluyó herramientas de control de calidad y lectura crítica de las publicaciones (plantillas CASPe), se excluyeron artículos en bases de datos previos a 2018, no disponibles en formato completo para su descarga, baja calidad metodológica, la irrelevancia del estudio o para la pregunta de investigación, o la presencia de sesgos que podrían afectar la validez de los resultados. Resultados. Se obtuvieron 84 artículos, quedando un total de 32 que cumplieron con criterios de selección posterior a lectura crítica de texto completo. Entre los principales factores de riesgo se encuentran los hábitos alimenticios, patrones de sueño, actividad física, estrés, ansiedad, depresión, falta de tiempo para esparcimiento y predisposición genética, pueden desencadenar desregulaciones metabólicas que predisponen a la resistencia a la insulina y, eventualmente, a la diabetes. Conclusiones. Los factores de riesgo que presenta los trabajadores de la salud derivado de sus estilos de vida relacionados con su trabajo y sus centros laborales son multicausales, para su prevención se requiere de programas de salud laboral que promueva estilos de vida saludables.

La gestión deportiva incluye la planeación, organización, dirección, ejecución y control de acciones directas e indirectas, relacionadas con el deporte como manifestación sociocultural y económica; requiere del análisis previo de las particularidades que conforman un área específica de gestión; y en función de ello, se diseñan estrategias desarrolladoras. Por ello, se planteó como objetivo realizar una fundamentación teórica y metodológica sobre la gestión deportiva, en la República de Ecuador. Se utilizó el método de análisis-síntesis, para abordar las ideas básicas relacionadas con el campo de acción de la investigación, al describir que el sistema deportivo se estructura en organizaciones que pretenden satisfacer las necesidades de la práctica deportiva y de la actividad física poblacional, según diferentes funciones que incluyen apoyo y regulación, y se relacionan con la responsabilidad social, la calidad de vida, la formación de valores y la integración social. La gestión estratégica permite a las organizaciones deportivas diseñar, aplicar y controlar estrategias, orientadas al logro de metas y competir dentro de un entorno en constante cambio. Cada entidad se desarrolla, en particular, con sus componentes y contenidos, donde se recomienda su orientación hacia las tendencias actuales que norman la gestión del deporte.

Abstract This study investigates the potential impact of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) on the V0 layer of the Venus ionosphere. Electron density profiles obtained from radio occultation experiments conducted by the Venus Express (VEX) and Akatsuki missions were utilized for this purpose. Background data from the Analyzer of Space Plasma and EneRgetic Atoms (ASPERA‐4) aboard VEX were used to detect SEP events. Additionally, observations from the Space Environment Monitor (SEM) suite onboard the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) during alignments of Venus, Earth, and the Sun were also considered. Our findings indicate that while SEPs may contribute to the formation of the V0 layer, they are not the main driving force in the Venusian ionosphere.

El aumento de la esperanza de vida entre personas con discapacidad intelectual y/o del desarrollo (DID) implica un proceso de envejecimiento, que desafía a entidades que gestionan centros especiales de empleo (CEE). La utilización de la herramienta PROLAB76 puede ayudar a detectar este deterioro y activar planes de apoyos personalizados. En el estudio, de carácter cuantitativo exploratorio descriptivo, participaron 49 personas trabajadoras con DID mayores de 45 años o aquellas menores con señales de envejecimiento, aplicando la herramienta PROLAB76. Los resultados revelan un bajo deterioro laboral en centros especiales de empleo de Afanias, aunque algunas dimensiones destacan con perfiles de apoyo moderado e intenso, como es el caso del funcionamiento cognitivo, subrayando la importancia de enfoques de apoyo individualizados en combinación con medidas generales en la entidad, debido a resultados similares en muchos de las personas participantes evaluadas. En este estudio se proporcionan evidencias acerca de la utilidad de PROLAB76, ya que permite detectar e identificar específicamente cuáles son los signos de deterioro laboral que muestran mayor frecuencia e intensidad, permitiendo elaborar planes de apoyo individualizado.

Coffee is one of the most significant beverages consumed worldwide. However, the substantial production and consumption of coffee has led to the generation of large amounts of by-products, such as coffee silverskin (CS).The first objective was to study the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions from CS according to a simple factorial design, in order to obtain natural extracts as a source of polyphenols and caffeine with high antioxidant activity. The second objective was to include CS powder (CSP) or ultrasound CS extract (UCSE) in the elaboration of cookies, in order to obtain an enriched food product with potential health benefits for consumers.CS was characterized in terms of moisture, protein, lipids, ash, total dietary fiber, total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity. The UCSE was characterized in terms of extraction yield, TPC, caffeine content and antioxidant activity (ABTS and ORAC assays).The best UCSE used for cookie elaboration was obtained at 60 min and 180 W with the following values: 8.8 %wt; 36.8 mg GAE/g; 62.7 µmol caffeine/g; 491.1 µmol/g (ABTS assay); 1012.4 µmol/g (ORAC assay). Finally, the cookies were sensory and chemically characterized. In the cookies containing UCSE the sensory acceptability was not modified with respect to the control cookies and an increase in TPC and antioxidant activity was achieved. However, the incorporation of CSP lead to a decrease in the acceptability despite the fact that the cookies constitute a source of fiber. Results reinforce the use of green extraction technologies to obtain antioxidants compounds from natural sources.

Abstract Soil is central to the complex interplay among biodiversity, climate, and society. This paper examines the interconnectedness of soil biodiversity, climate change, and societal impacts, emphasizing the urgent need for integrated solutions. Human‐induced biodiversity loss and climate change intensify environmental degradation, threatening human well‐being. Soils, rich in biodiversity and vital for ecosystem function regulation, are highly vulnerable to these pressures, affecting nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and resilience. Soil also crucially regulates climate, influencing energy, water cycles, and carbon storage. Yet, climate change poses significant challenges to soil health and carbon dynamics, amplifying global warming. Integrated approaches are essential, including sustainable land management, policy interventions, technological innovations, and societal engagement. Practices like agroforestry and organic farming improve soil health and mitigate climate impacts. Effective policies and governance are crucial for promoting sustainable practices and soil conservation. Recent technologies aid in monitoring soil biodiversity and implementing sustainable land management. Societal engagement, through education and collective action, is vital for environmental stewardship. By prioritizing interdisciplinary research and addressing key frontiers, scientists can advance understanding of the soil biodiversity–climate change–society nexus, informing strategies for environmental sustainability and social equity.

Abstract Objective Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major health concern for aging adults with Down syndrome (DS), but conventional diagnostic techniques are less reliable in those with severe baseline disability. Likewise, acquisition of magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate cerebral atrophy is not straightforward, as prolonged scanning times are less tolerated in this population. Computed tomography (CT) scans can be obtained faster, but poor contrast resolution limits its function for morphometric analysis. We implemented an automated analysis of CT scans to characterize differences across dementia stages in a cross‐sectional study of an adult DS cohort. Methods CT scans of 98 individuals were analyzed using an automatic algorithm. Voxel‐based correlations with clinical dementia stages and AD plasma biomarkers (phosphorylated tau‐181 and neurofilament light chain) were identified, and their dysconnectomic patterns delineated. Results Dementia severity was negatively correlated with gray (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes in temporal lobe regions, including parahippocampal gyri. Dysconnectome analysis revealed an association between WM loss and temporal lobe GM volume reduction. AD biomarkers were negatively associated with GM volume in hippocampal and cingulate gyri. Interpretation Our automated algorithm and novel dysconnectomic analysis of CT scans successfully described brain morphometric differences related to AD in adults with DS, providing a new avenue for neuroimaging analysis in populations for whom magnetic resonance imaging is difficult to obtain.

Abstract Background Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome. Previously, we published the largest cohort of FH mutation carriers in Spain and observed a highly recurrent missense heterozygous variant, FH(NM_000143.4):c.1118A > G p.(Asn373Ser), in 104 individuals from 31 apparently unrelated families. Here, we aimed to establish its founder effect and characterize the associated clinical phenotype. Results Haplotype analysis confirmed that families shared a common haplotype (32/38 markers) spanning 0.61–0.82 Mb, indicating this recurrent variant was inherited from a founder ancestor. Cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis were diagnosed in 64.6% (64/99) and 98% (50/51) of patients, respectively, and renal cell cancer was present in 10.4% (10/96). The pathogenic FH_c.1118A > G variant is a Spanish founder mutation that originated 12–26 generations ago. We estimate that the variant may have appeared between 1370 and 1720. Individuals carrying this founder mutation had similar frequency of renal cell cancer and a higher frequency of renal cysts and leiomyomas than those in other cohorts of this syndrome. Conclusions In the Spanish province of Alicante there is a high prevalence of HLRCC because of the founder mutation FH c.1118A > G; p.(Asn373Ser). The characterization of founder mutations provides accurate and specific information regarding their penetrance and expressivity. In individuals with suspected HLRCC from the province of Alicante, genetic testing by direct analysis of the founder FH c.1118A > G; p.(Asn373Ser) mutation may be a faster and more efficient diagnostic tool compared with complete gene sequencing.

Se presenta la reflexión derivada del análisis del quehacer pedagógico, investigativo y de gestión llevado a cabo por la profesora Carmelina Paba Barbosa durante varias décadas, en distintos escenarios, especialmente en la Universidad del Magdalena (Colombia). Su misión, producción académica e investigativa es destacada, numerosa y ha dejado huellas a favor de la educación. Lo anterior se manifiesta en las interacciones formales e informales entabladas con diferentes actores sociales y con ella misma; además, se extrae información de registros en fuentes, archivos personales e institucionales, de la revisión de su amplio curriculum vitae, CvLac, GrupLac. Desde las configuraciones narrativas, documentales e interpretativas han sido resaltadas sus grandes cualidades humanas, altas capacidades de gestión, liderazgo, empatía, compromiso ético, profesional, así como promotora de semilleros de estudiantes investigadores. En los espacios de interacción sostenidos con ella a lo largo de su periplo académico, ha surgido la vida. Cada proyecto, programa o acción dinamizado por ella, ha representado una luz de esperanza en la comprensión de realidades, contribuyendo a su transformación. Exaltamos su labor, calidad personal y profesional e invitamos a las personas comprometidas con la educación, a promover la reflexión pedagógica; cualidad que la distingue. Analizar su trayectoria permite valorar los modos de SER MAESTROS y MAESTRAS, situados en complejidades socioculturales concretas, campo en el que no hay formas únicas, ni uniformes.

Abstract Background The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a widely recognized tool for assessing sexual dysfunction (SD). However, its validation for Spanish women suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) has not yet been conducted. Aim The study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the 19-item Spanish version of the FSFI (svFSFI) in women with relapsing MS. Method A total of 137 women with relapsing MS from three Spanish centers participated in the study and completed the svFSFI. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated. The prevalence of SD in the study cohort was determined, and its association with clinical and sociodemographic variables was analyzed using bi- and multivariate regression analyses. Results The svFSFI demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability and substantial-to-excellent internal consistency in the context of relapsing MS. There was significant convergent validity in the intercorrelations of domains. Discriminant validity showed differences in SD between women with high and low neurological disability, as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores. An exploratory factor analysis indicated a five-factor structure for the svFSFI. The prevalence of SD in the MS cohort was found to be 42.6%, with the ‘desire’ and ‘arousal’ domains being the most affected. Factors such as EDSS score, fatigue, depression, and having a stable partner were found to influence the total svFSFI score. Conclusion The study validates the svFSFI as a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating sexual dysfunction in Spanish women with MS.

Abstract Solute binding proteins (SBPs) are of central physiological relevance for prokaryotes. These proteins present substrates to transporters, but they also stimulate different signal transduction receptors. SBPs form a superfamily of at least 33 protein Pfam families. To assess possible links between SBP sequence and the ligand recognized, we have inspected manually all SBP three‐dimensional structures deposited in the protein data bank and retrieved 748 prokaryotic structures that have been solved in complex with bound ligand. These structures were classified into 26 SBP Pfam families. The analysis of the ligands recognized revealed that most families possess a preference for a compound class. There were three families each that bind preferentially saccharides and amino acids. In addition, we identified families that bind preferentially purines, quaternary amines, iron and iron‐chelating compounds, oxoanions, bivalent metal ions or phosphates. Phylogenetic analyses suggest convergent evolutionary events that lead to families that bind the same ligand. The functional link between chemotaxis and compound uptake is reflected in similarities in the ligands recognized by SBPs and chemoreceptors. Associating Pfam families with ligand profiles will be of help to design experimental strategies aimed at the identification of ligands for uncharacterized SBPs.

BackgroundIn oncohematology, both the development of the disease and the side effects of antineoplastic treatment often take a toll on patients’ physical and nutritional well-being. In this era of digital transformation, we launched a pioneering project for oncohematologic patients to promote adherence to a healthy lifestyle and improve their physical and nutritional well-being. We aim to achieve this goal by involving doctors and nutritionists through the Nootric app. ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the impact of the use of eHealth tools to facilitate nutrition and well-being in oncohematologic patients. We also aim to determine the usefulness of physical-nutritional management in improving tolerance to chemotherapy treatments within routine clinical practice. MethodsWe designed a descriptive, observational, longitudinal, prospective cohort pilot study that included a total of 22 patients from March to May 2022 in the Vinalopó University Hospital. The inclusion criteria were adults over 18 years of age diagnosed with oncohematological pathology in active chemotherapy treatment. An action plan was created to generate alerts between the doctor and the nutritionist. In the beginning, the patients were trained to use the app and received education highlighting the importance of nutrition and physical exercise. Sociodemographic, clinical-biological-analytical (eg, malnutrition index), health care impact, usability, and patient adherence data were collected. Tolerance to chemotherapy treatment and its health care impact were evaluated. ResultsWe included 22 patients, 11 (50%) female and 11 (50%) male, ranging between 42 and 84 years of age. Among them, 13 (59%) were adherents to the program. The most frequent diseases were lymphoproliferative syndromes (13/22, 59%) and multiple myeloma (4/22, 18%). Moreover, 15 (68%) out of 22 patients received immunochemotherapy, while 7 (32%) out of 22 patients received biological treatment. No worsening of clinical-biological parameters was observed. Excluding dropouts and abandonments (n=9/22, 41%), the adherence rate was 81%, established by calculating the arithmetic mean of the adherence rates of 13 patients. No admission was observed due to gastrointestinal toxicity or discontinuation of treatment related to alterations in physical and nutritional well-being. In addition, only 5.5% of unscheduled consultations were increased due to incidents in well-being, mostly telematic (n=6/103 consultation are unscheduled). Additionally, 92% of patients reported an improvement in their nutritional habits (n=12/13), and up to 45% required adjustment of medical supportive treatment (n=5/11). There were no cases of grade 3 or greater gastrointestinal toxicity. All of this reflects improved tolerance to treatments. Patients reported a satisfaction score of 4.3 out of 5, while professionals rated their satisfaction at 4.8 out of 5. ConclusionsWe demonstrated the usefulness of integrating new technologies through a multidisciplinary approach. The Nootric app facilitated collaboration among the medical team, nutritionists, and patients. It enabled us to detect health issues related to physical-nutritional well-being, anticipate major complications, and mitigate potentially avoidable risks. Consequently, there was a decrease in unscheduled visits and admissions related to this condition.

En el Campeonato Nacional de Paratletismo, en Cuba, los resultados competitivos de las balistas con discapacidad físico-motriz por amputación muestran un decrecimiento, en varias categorías. Se detectaron insuficiencias en la dosificación de las cargas, en la utilización de métodos, medios y procedimientos; además de una inadecuada orientación metodológica. Se trazó como objetivo diseñar una metodología para la planificación de la capacidad fuerza rápida en la etapa de preparación especial de balistas con discapacidad físico-motriz por amputación. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva y cuantitativa en el periodo comprendido entre el 2019-2022, el estudio se centró en el proceso de planificación y entrenamiento de la fuerza rápida en la etapa de preparación especial, analizado y descrito, a través de métodos empíricos como la revisión de documentos, encuesta, entrevista y la triangulación metodológica, ello permitió evaluar su estado actual. Colaboraron como muestra atletas, entrenadores y directivos de nivel provincial y nacional. La metodología propuesta es viable y factible, con una efectividad esperada para el contexto deportivo actual y con posibilidades de generalización en otros eventos de lanzamiento. La propuesta diseñada enriquece la teoría del entrenamiento deportivo en atletas con discapacidad.

Abstract The electron density of the Martian ionosphere is modulated by solar wind forcing and crustal magnetic fields. Sounding observations from the orbital Shallow Radar (SHARAD) map the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) at a spatial resolution of ∼35 km. Averaging over a 250‐km diameter window from data collected weeks to years apart yields the first map of long‐term stable dayside martian TEC features. An extensive region of suppressed TEC in the southern highlands correlates with strong radial magnetic fields, but in other areas no simple correlation is observed. The TEC maps do follow the outlines of exposed Noachian crust and patches of magnetization in Tharsis not reset by volcanic activity. SHARAD TEC mapping may capture magnetic field strength at an intermediate height between the surface and the altitudes of orbital measurements underlying spherical harmonic models. Existing and future data will allow SHARAD TEC mapping to ∼100 km spatial resolution.

Abstract Background Adenomatoid tumor (AT) is an ambiguous term used to describe benign mesothelial neoplasms, most often reported in organs of the reproductive system. Their neoplastic nature has been proven through the confirmation of pathogenic mutations in TRAF7. Several studies have proven an association between AToU and immunosuppression. Several groups have hypothesized immunosuppression causes an abnormal inflammatory state within mesothelial cells, increasing the likelihood of a selective activating mutations in TRAF7. Case presentation A 34 year old female patient with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus was seen in the Emergency Department due to abdominal pain. A diagnosis of uterine leiomyomatosis was made and she was surgically intervened. Macroscopically, several intramural and subserosal uterine nodules were identified. On microscopic examination, all of them except one corresponded to adenomatoid tumours. A somatic mutation in TRAF7 was identified. Conclusions Adenomatoid tumors have been associated with immunosuppression. A decrease in immunosurveillance may explain the association between adenomatoid tumours and immunosuppression. Confirming their neoplastic nature is crucial. Further studies are required to characterize the biological significance TRAF7 has in adenomatoid tumours and their association to immunocompromised states.

In this paper, an experimental methodology to characterize the noise paths in a washing machine with a horizontal axis was developed. The noise paths considered in this research were the noise that escapes through holes, the non-resonant path through the panels, and the noise radiated by the panels of the cabinet. The characterization method was based on several sound intensity measurements on the outside panels of the washing machine. In addition to these measurements, characterization of the radiation factor was performed by applying a method that relates intensity and vibration measurements while the structure of the washing machine is excited using a shaker. Applying the methodology to a washing machine, the main transmission path of the noise along the frequency domain where this home appliance has its highest values was identified. This methodology can provide the manufacturer with a guide to improve the acoustic performance of washing machines by applying noise control solutions in the noise path depending on the frequency domain.

BackgroundCurrently, there are no telemedicine models that fully integrate all areas of hematology into daily practice. ObjectiveThe objectives of this feasibility study were to assess the practicality of implementing telemedicine into our clinical practice in the first Digital Hematology Unit and propose an innovative integrative design for clinical practice. MethodsWe designed the Digital Hematology Unit, which is a specific physical space dedicated to carrying out telemedicine and monitoring patients in a holistic way. Also, a satisfaction questionnaire was performed and health care indicators were measured. ResultsIn 2021, there were 1331 first visits and 7534 follow-up visits. Of the first visits, 12.2% (n=163) were face-to-face and 87.8% (n=1168) were telematic. For follow-up visits, 29.9% (n=2251) were face-to-face and 70.1% (n=5283) were telematic. The health care management indicators showed that we had a waiting time of less than 4 days and took less than 4 hours to answer interconsultations among specialists. Moreover, patients reported a high level of satisfaction with the services provided. ConclusionsOur Digital Hematology Unit, as a case of success, serves as an example of how innovative digital solutions can contribute to the quality of care and excellence in health care achieved through a digital transformation process led by hematologists.

La fermentación del cacao es un proceso clave y relevante en la síntesis de moléculas precursoras de aroma y sabor. El objetivo de este estudio fue la caracterización microbiológica, sensorial y bromatológica de la fermentación de los granos de cacao en los genotipos CCN 51 e ICS 95. Se realizó la extracción del grano llevándose a fermentadores semi-escalera durante siete días, tomándose muestras cada 24h para identificación. En laboratorio, se efectuó el aislamiento de los microorganismos e identificación, para levaduras, con la amplificación de la región ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) y las bacterias mediante la secuenciación del gen 16S ARN ribosomal. Para el análisis sensorial y bromatológico, se llevó, ha secado el grano hasta obtener 7% de humedad, identificando el perfil sensorial a partir de licor de cacao, a través de evaluadores entrenados. Se identificaron microorganismos como: Candida orthopsilosis, Hanseniaspora opuntiae, Issatchenkia orientalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kodamaea ohmeri, Tatumella sp., Tatunella ptyseos, Lysinibacillus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Acetobacter pasteurianus, Acetobacter sp., Gluconobacter sp., Gluconacetobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus cereus y Serratia marcescens. Como resultado sensorial se determinó que el ICS 95 presentó mayores descriptores sensoriales positivos como nuez, frutal y floral en comparación al CCN 51, que refleja sabores básicos más intensos. Por el contrario, CCN 51 se resaltó en mayor proporción los polifenoles, la teobromina y carbohidratos. Estos resultados serán el punto de partida sobre la potencialidad que brindan los microorganismos en la calidad sensorial, para así mejorar de manera significativa los procesos de fermentación a nivel industrial.

En la reseña, se explica y explora el proyecto Map Of Early Modern London. Se trata de un proyecto de Humanidades Digitales desarrollado por Janelle Jenstad en la Universidad de Victoria (Canadá). El principal objetivo del proyecto es crear un mapa interactivo del famoso Agas Map, uno de los pocos mapas fisicos de Londres que se conservan datado en 1561. A través de enciclopedias, documentación y herramientas como gazetteer, las cuales están en continuo desarrollo, Janelle Jenstad quiere que conozcamos hasta el más mínimo detalle de la vida y sociedad londinense en el siglo XVI.

The objective of this work is to analyze the psychosocial effects of COVID-19 on Ecuadorian university professors, for which a quantitative research of descriptive and correlational nature was developed. Two instruments were applied, based on the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales and the Burnout questionnaire to the selected sample, in three public universities of easy access and linkage with the researchers. The population consisted of professors with appointment: 682 from the Technical University of Manabí, 678 from the Lay University Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, and 131 from the State University of Southern Manabí, from which a sample of 246, 246 and 98 professors was selected respectively. From the results it is derived that depression, anxiety, and stress were configured in psychosocial effects, which have had an impact during the COVID-19 pandemic on the professors of the universities studied, due to the pressure originated by new emerging methodological structures, the acquisition of other competences associated to technology, health and the risks of contagion, death and by the pedagogical attention through virtuality, unexpectedly arisen in times of pandemic.

Abstract Aim The aim of the study was to describe the process of developing a Professional Practice Model by a Nursing School and Nursing Department of University Hospital. Design and Method (s) This is a descriptive nursing methodology research, developed along three stages: preliminary, empirical and validation. The empirical phase used qualitative and quantitative methodology. 28 teachers from the nursing school and nurses from the hospital participated. We defined the elements of the nursing meta‐paradigm from narratives and focus group. Then, we extracted propositions regarding the nature of nursing from the relationship between the meta‐paradigm elements, which concluded in the core elements. Results The core elements of this nursing professional practice model are nursing seeks the well‐being of the person, family or group; nursing is total and global, person‐centred; nursing is compassionate; nursing entails up‐to‐date, quality scientific, technical and human competencies; nursing is delivered in a teaching hospital environment, with a Christian ethical perspective.

ABSTRACT Objective Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a cause of massive obstetric hemorrhage and maternal mortality. The application of family-centered delivery techniques (FCDTs) during surgery to treat this disease is infrequent. We evaluate the implementation of FCDTs during PAS surgeries. Methods This was a prospective, descriptive study that included PAS patients undergoing surgical management over a 12-month period. The patients were divided according to whether FCDTs were applied (group 1) or not (group 2), and the clinical outcomes were measured. In addition, hospital anesthesiologists were surveyed to evaluate their opinions regarding the implementation of FCDTs during the surgical management of PAS. Results Thirteen patients with PAS were included. The implementation of FCDTs during birth was possible in 53.8% of the patients. The presence of a companion during surgery and skin-to-skin contact did not hinder interdisciplinary management in any case. Conclusion Implementation of FCDTs during PAS care is possible in selected patients at centers with experience in managing this disease.

Objetivo Diseñar y validar indicadores de cuidado de enfermería a partir de la orientación de un modelo de práctica profesional en un hospital universitario de Colombia, 2018 – 2021. Material y Método: Esta es una “Investigación metodológica en enfermería” desarrollada por fases: 1) revisión de los procesos de calidad institucional. 2) revisión de literatura sobre indicadores hospitalarios de enfermería. 3) propuesta de indicadores con orientación del modelo institucional de práctica profesional de enfermería 4) validación de los indicadores mediante criterio de expertos y 5) evaluación de la efectividad preliminar en campo durante 8 meses. Resultados: Los 21 indicadores de cuidado de enfermería propuestos presentaron alta comprensibilidad y validez facial, una razón de validez de contenido (RVC) entre .74 y .96, y un índice de validez de contenido (IVC) de 0.83. Conclusión: Los indicadores de cuidado de enfermería diseñados bajo la orientación de un modelo de práctica profesional y validados mediante el criterio de expertos, mostraron una efectividad preliminar positiva para medir y mejorar los procesos y resultado del cuidado de enfermería de acuerdo con las personas implicadas en la recepción y suministro de dicho cuidado. Estos indicadores pueden ser empleados en hospitales con plataformas estratégicas similares.

Abstract Despite the growing importance of planetary Space Weather forecasting and radiation protection for science and robotic exploration and the need for accurate Space Weather monitoring and predictions, only a limited number of spacecraft have dedicated instrumentation for this purpose. However, every spacecraft (planetary or astronomical) has hundreds of housekeeping sensors distributed across the spacecraft, some of which can be useful to detect radiation hazards produced by solar particle events. In particular, energetic particles that impact detectors and subsystems on a spacecraft can be identified by certain housekeeping sensors, such as the Error Detection and Correction (EDAC) memory counters, and their effects can be assessed. These counters typically have a sudden large increase in a short time in their error counts that generally match the arrival of energetic particles to the spacecraft. We investigate these engineering datasets for scientific purposes and perform a feasibility study of solar energetic particle event detections using EDAC counters from seven European Space Agency Solar System missions: Venus Express, Mars Express, ExoMars‐Trace Gas Orbiter, Rosetta, BepiColombo, Solar Orbiter, and Gaia. Six cases studies, in which the same event was observed by different missions at different locations in the inner Solar System are analyzed. The results of this study show how engineering sensors, for example, EDAC counters, can be used to infer information about the solar particle environment at each spacecraft location. Therefore, we demonstrate the potential of the various EDAC to provide a network of solar particle detections at locations where no scientific observations of this kind are available.

This article analyses the creation of Unión de Centro Democrático (UCD) on the island of Menorca from Franco’s death until the configuration of the political parties shortly before the 1977 elections. Through documents from local and private archives, the press of the time and the testimonies of different political protagonists of the Menorcan process, the construction of a political formation that became the majority party in this constituency and in the whole of Spain is studied. In the case of Menorca, it is concluded that the centrists’ action was particularly important due to their leadership in promoting the articulation of Balearic pre-autonomy, which was assumed on the island as something inseparably linked to the achievement of democracy. This common goal of self-government gave rise to a unanimous consensus among all ideological sectors, from the conservative centre to the most progressive left, so that it was the Menorcan political elite that began to set the guidelines in the Balearic archipelago on pre-autonomy institutionalization, led by the UCD of Menorca.

Introduction: The results obtained by combat athletes in Cuba have shown the strength of the pyramidal model for the selection and preparation of high-performance sports, but every process is likely to be improved, and constant improvement of the sports selection process is necessary. Objective: In this sense, the present research aimed to theoretically validate a model of tactical purpose for the selection of talents in combat sports. Materials and methods: The research is based on the application of a documentary review and a survey of 38 experts, being descriptive-explanatory. Results: This model is based on three phases, a proposal for a talent selection model with a tactical purpose for combat sports; emphasis is placed on the theoretical evaluation of the model. Five indicators and five components are assumed and the theoretical contribution of the studied model is recognized; it focuses on the possibilities of optimization that it generates in the sports selection process; the pyramidal system is complemented and the management of potentially talented combat athletes is endorsed in their entry into high performance. The questionnaires determined that all the experts agree on very adequate and quite adequate, where the concordance coefficient obtained was W= 0.798. Conclusions: The tactical purpose model for talent selection in combat sports constitutes a theoretical contribution and solves a specific problem in practice by allowing the optimization of the talent selection process with a scientific nature, thus complementing the pyramid system.

BACKGROUND: Several viral infections cause changes in the placenta. Cytomegalovirus, herpes viruses, and HIV cause increased placental thickness; Zika virus induces focal regions of necrosis; parvovirus B19 causes a structural injury. Umbilical flow can be considered a direct measurement of vascular placental function. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare placental ultrasound and umbilical Doppler findings in pregnant women who tested positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2. Our work aimed to confirm the suspicion of placental infection and the consequence in fetal physiopathology. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-seven pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the time of or 1 month before the ultrasound scan were evaluated. Cases included 9 first trimester, 16 second trimester, and 32 third trimester ultrasound scans. For comparison, 110 pregnant women (controls) were evaluated. They included 19 women in their first trimester, 43 in their second trimester, and 48 in the third trimester. Controls were asymptomatic and tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the last 72 hours before the ultrasound scan. Fetal biometry, placental thickness, placental lakes and Doppler umbilical vein parameters, including venous cross-sectional area (mean transverse diameter and radius of umbilical vein, mean velocity of umbilical vein), and umbilical vein blood flow were evaluated. RESULTS: Placental thickness (in millimeter) was significantly higher in the group of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection (53.82 [10–115]) than in the control group (33.82 [12–66]; P4 placental lakes was significantly higher in the group of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection (28/57 [50.91%]) than in the control (7/110 [6.36]; P

El objetivo principal del estudio fue analizar si existen diferencias en las tendencias de acción (asertiva, agresiva y de sumisión) de mujeres deportistas en función del tipo de deporte que practican (contacto, no contacto). Las investigaciones sugieren que las participantes en deportes en los que no hay contacto físico con el adversario muestran un razonamiento más maduro sobre dilemas morales de tendencias de acción en el deporte que las participantes en deportes de contacto medio-alto. 272 mujeres deportistas (149 de deportes de no contacto físico; 123 de deportes con contacto físico) con edades comprendidas entre 11 y 16 años (M = 13.48, DT = 1.93) contestaron a tres cuestionarios. Se probaron diferentes modelos lineales generalizados y en todos ellos el tipo de deporte (contacto, no contacto) predijo las tendencias de acción asertiva y agresiva en el deporte en presencia de las tendencias de acción asertiva y agresiva en otros contextos (rasgo) y del estilo interpersonal del entrenador. Los resultados sugieren que el tipo de deporte practicado modela las tendencias de acción relacionadas con dilemas morales en mujeres deportistas.

El cultivo del ñame es de alta importancia para la seguridad alimentaria de las familias rurales en la región Caribe de Colombia. Uno de los principales problemas tecnológicos que enfrentan los pequeños productores es la baja calidad y disponibilidad de la semilla para las siembras. El presente trabajo se realizó con el objeto de evaluar la tecnología de producción de minitubérculos en plántulas de ñame generadas a partir de esquejes, mediante inducción con rizobacterias. Para ello, inicialmente se evaluó in vitro la capacidad de producción de f itohormonas de tres rizobacterias, identif icadas con los códigos DCR11 (Azotobacter vinelandii), DSC21 (Brevibacillus laterosporus) y DSC1 (Bacillus licheniformis), y una vez comprobada su capacidad, se estableció un experimento bajo condiciones de casa de malla para inducir, con las rizobacterias, la producción de minitubérculos en las plántulas de ñame, bajo tres niveles de sombreamiento. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo en parcelas subdivididas y tres repeticiones, en donde la parcela principal correspondió a los niveles de sobreamiento (0, 65 y 80%), las subparcelas a las tres rizobacterias (DCR11 A. vinelandii, DSC1 B. licheniformis, DSC21 B. laterosporus) y las sub-subparcelas a las dosis del inóculo (0, 2, 4 y 6 mL pl-1). Los resultados in vitro demostraron el potencial de las rizobacterias para producir citoquinas y auxinas. En casa de malla se logró evidenciar la capacidad de producción de minitubérculos por parte de las plántulas de ñame, en donde las rizobacterias DSC1 B. licheniformis y DSC21 B. laterosporus mostraron mayor capacidad de inducción. A partir de los resultados se demostró la viabilidad de producción de minitubérculos en plántulas de ñame bajo condiciones de casa de malla mediante inducción con rizobacterias, por lo que se recomendó su validación a nivel semicomercial como estrategia para la producción masiva de minitubérculos de ñame, como alternativa para la siembra de cultivos comerciales.

Substrate is one of the fundamental factors in tomato seedling production. The emergence and initial growth of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in different substrates was evaluated. The research was carried out at the Maranatha Educational Unit, located in El Carmen, Manabí, Ecuador. Polystyrene culture trays with 50 cells (volume 300 cm3) were used. The seeds used were of the Floradel variety. Three treatments (substrates) were established: agricultural soil (black soil, T1), cocoa harvest residues (cocoa soil, T2) and wood cuttings (sawdust, T3), with three replicates, each with 50 plants, in a totally randomized block treatment design, each tray corresponding to one treatment. The variables evaluated were emergence (%) and seedling height (cm), and in the last sampling, stem diameter (mm) was measured. Seedling emergence averaged 72%. T1 showed 83% emergence and seedling height of 8.13 cm and 2.45 mm stem diameter. It was concluded that the black soil generated the greatest development of the tomato seedlings, presenting the greatest height and diameter, even though they did not have the greatest emergence.