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In working memory training studies, individual trajectories are known to vary considerably between participants. A better understanding of how individual differences affect training outcomes is important because it might inform the development of more effective training interventions. This study explored how measures of working memory, intelligence, sustained attention, training motivation, mindset, psychological well-being, perceived stress, and sleep quality affect initial training performance and rate of change. A total of 217 upper secondary students completed 12 weeks of adaptive dual-n-back in a classroom setting. We analyzed their self-reported training data using latent growth curve modeling. We found that working memory and intelligence predicted both, initial training performance and rate of performance change. Sustained attention and sleep quality predicted initial performance, but not the rate of change. Furthermore, we observed that participants who completed the intervention scored significantly higher on measures of working memory and intelligence and reported lower levels of perceived stress and higher levels of sleep quality at baseline compared to dropouts. In general, our study supports the magnification account with higher ability individuals starting out at a higher performance level and showing a higher rate of performance change, and moreover, being more likely to adhere to the training protocol.

The adoption of children involved in the child welfare system is viewed as a favorable outcome when family reconstitution is impossible, partially due to the relationship security afforded by long-term placement permanence. Recognition of the importance of secure caregiver-child relationships has informed the development of caregiving-oriented attachment-focused services, such as those provided by the Therapeutic Family Care Program (TFCP). The present study examines the trajectories of adopted children (n = 71) between 3.33 and 13.70 years of age at first assessment (M = 7.65, SD = 2.53) involved with TFCP. Children were assessed by their caregivers on a semiannual basis using the Assessment Checklist for Children (ACC) and the ACC+, with children receiving up to 9 assessments (n = 201, M = 2.57, SD = 1.83). We conducted growth curve analyses for children's total clinical scores, self-esteem, adaptive functioning, and attachment-specific clinical domains. Results suggest that children start with clinically significant psychopathology, with older children and females having more psychosocial and attachment-related difficulties initially. Males' psychosocial functioning was stable over time, whereas females improved significantly in all domains. We discuss implications for mental health services within child welfare and future directions for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burn program at an academic medical center experienced an increase in burn patient census in 2021. Critically ill burn patients are placed in an intensive care unit (ICU) serving burn, trauma and neurosurgery patients. Burn patients are at an increased risk for severe multiple drug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections, and burn-specific interventions are necessary to effectively reduce the infection risk in this patient population. A pre-post interventional study was conducted starting in April 2021 to measure the impact of burn-specific infection prevention protocols on MDRO acquisition. For this study, a multidisciplinary team standardized procedures for bedside burn dressing changes and bedside bronchoscopies, expanded contact isolation for all burn patients, eliminated use of portable computer workstations inside patient rooms, mitigated water contamination risks from both sinks and ventilator circuits, enhanced environmental disinfection, reinforced hand hygiene practices among healthcare workers and patients, and implemented targeted active surveillance culturing. Rates of MDRO acquisition from the baseline period were compared to the post-implementation period using a rate ratio (RR). MDROs included in the analysis were carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms. All isolates were determined to be healthcare facility-onset (HO) when the initial specimen was collected on or after hospital day 4. The HO-MDRO rate during the baseline period was 6.74 isolates/10,000 patient days and decreased to 3.57 in the intervention period. This represents a 47.1% reduction in HO-MDRO Rate (RR: 0.529, p-value<0.001). In 2021, IP worked with multiple stakeholders to implement identified action items to create a culture of enhanced IP practices in the ICU. Implementation and adherence to these practices has lowered rates of HO-MDROs among trauma and burn patients. This work is ongoing as we continue to see a steady increase in MDROs in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]