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1. Mars Crater Database: A participative project for the classification of the morphological characteristics of large Martian craters

Author

Lagain*†, A., primary, Bouley†, S., additional, Baratoux†, D., additional, Marmo†, C., additional, Costard†, F., additional, Delaa†, O., additional, Pio Rossi†, A., additional, Minin†, M., additional, Benedix†, G.K., additional, Ciocco, M., additional, Bedos, B., additional, Guimpier, A., additional, Dehouck, E., additional, Loizeau, D., additional, Bouquety, A., additional, Zhao, J., additional, Vialatte, A., additional, Cormau, M., additional, Le Conte des Floris, E., additional, Schmidt, F., additional, Thollot, P., additional, Champion, J., additional, Martinot, M., additional, Gargani, J., additional, Beck, P., additional, Boisson, J., additional, Paulien, N., additional, Séjourné, A., additional, Pasquon, K., additional, Christoff, N., additional, Belgacem, I., additional, Landais, F., additional, Rousseau, B., additional, Dupeyrat, L., additional, Franco, M., additional, Andrieu, F., additional, Cecconi, B., additional, Erard, S., additional, Jabaud, B., additional, Malarewicz, V., additional, Beggiato, G., additional, Janez, G., additional, Elbaz, L., additional, Ourliac, C., additional, Catheline, M., additional, Fries, M., additional, Karamoko, A., additional, Rodier, J., additional, Sarian, R., additional, Gillet, A., additional, Girard, S., additional, Pottier, M., additional, Strauss, S., additional, Chanon, C., additional, Lavaud, P., additional, Boutaric, A., additional, Savourat, M., additional, Garret, E., additional, Leroy, E., additional, Geffray, M.-C., additional, Parquet, L., additional, Delagoutte, M.-A., additional, and Gamblin, O., additional

Published
2021
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2. Mars Crater Database: A participative project for the classification of the morphological characteristics of large Martian craters

Author

Wolf Uwe Reimold, Christian Koeberl, Lagain, Anthony, Bouley, S., Baratoux, D., Marmo, C., Costard, F., Delaa, O., Pio Rossi, A., Minin, M., Benedix, Gretchen, Ciocco, M., Bedos, B., Guimpier, A., Dehouck, E., Loizeau, D., Bouquety, A., Zhao, J., Vialatte, A., Cormau, M., Le Conte des Floris, E., Schmidt, F., Thollot, P., Champion, J., Martinot, M., Gargani, J., Beck, P., Boisson, J., Paulien, N., Séjourné, A., Pasquon, K., Christoff, N., Belgacem, I., Landais, F., Rousseau, B., Dupeyrat, L., Franco, M., Andrieu, F., Cecconi, B., Erard, S., Jabaud, B., Malarewicz, V., Beggiato, G., Janez, G., Elbaz, L., Ourliac, C., Catheline, M., Fries, M., Karamoko, A., Rodier, J., Sarian, R., Gillet, A., Girard, S., Pottier, M., Strauss, S., Chanon, C., Lavaud, P., Boutaric, A., Savourat, M., Garret, E., Leroy, E., Geffray, M.C., Parquet, L., Delagoutte, M.A., Gamblin, O., Wolf Uwe Reimold, Christian Koeberl, Lagain, Anthony, Bouley, S., Baratoux, D., Marmo, C., Costard, F., Delaa, O., Pio Rossi, A., Minin, M., Benedix, Gretchen, Ciocco, M., Bedos, B., Guimpier, A., Dehouck, E., Loizeau, D., Bouquety, A., Zhao, J., Vialatte, A., Cormau, M., Le Conte des Floris, E., Schmidt, F., Thollot, P., Champion, J., Martinot, M., Gargani, J., Beck, P., Boisson, J., Paulien, N., Séjourné, A., Pasquon, K., Christoff, N., Belgacem, I., Landais, F., Rousseau, B., Dupeyrat, L., Franco, M., Andrieu, F., Cecconi, B., Erard, S., Jabaud, B., Malarewicz, V., Beggiato, G., Janez, G., Elbaz, L., Ourliac, C., Catheline, M., Fries, M., Karamoko, A., Rodier, J., Sarian, R., Gillet, A., Girard, S., Pottier, M., Strauss, S., Chanon, C., Lavaud, P., Boutaric, A., Savourat, M., Garret, E., Leroy, E., Geffray, M.C., Parquet, L., Delagoutte, M.A., and Gamblin, O.

Abstract

The most recent comprehensive database of Martian impact craters was the result of the work of impact crater scientists (S.J. Robbins and B.M. Hynek) who carefully examined the available high-resolution imagery of Mars. Building on this previous work, we present the result of an alternative approach involving 56 planetary scientists and trained students. A web platform was designed for this purpose. All impact craters larger than 1 km in diameter were classified according to a simplified classification scheme, recording the primary or secondary nature of the crater, and the morphology of the ejecta (single, double, or multiple layered ejecta rampart sinuous [LERS], or low-aspect-ratio layer ejecta [LARLE]). In total, 8445 LERS craters, 24,530 partially buried craters, 55,309 secondary craters, and 288,155 craters in the category “standard” were identified. Our assessment differs for 8145 entries in the original database compiled by Robbins and Hynek, which are not considered to be impact structures. In this work, ~39,000 secondary craters have been associated with 108 primary craters. Coupled to the existing database, the database we propose here offers a complementary way to investigate the geological history of Mars. More specifically, the completion of layered ejecta crater morphologies down to 1 km and the connection established between secondary and primary impact crater sources will allow the implementation of statistical studies to reveal the spatial and temporal evolution of the impacted material characteristics. Thanks to the simplified classification we performed here, this version of the database can be easily used as a training data set for crater identification algorithms based on machine-learning techniques with the aim to identify smaller impact craters and to automatically define their morphological characteristics. Since it is not possible to confirm an impact structure from remote-sensing data alone, any Martian impact database at this stage remain

Published
2021

3. Mars Crater Database: A participative project for the classification of the morphological characteristics of large Martian craters

Author

Lagain, A., Bouley, S., Baratoux, D., Marmo, C., Costard, F., Delaa, O., Pio Rossi, A., Minin, M., Benedix, G. K., Ciocco, M., Bedos, B., Guimpier, A., Dehouck, E., Loizeau, D., Bouquety, A., Zhao, J., Vialatte, A., Cormau, M., Le Conte des Floris, E., Schmidt, F., Thollot, P., Champion, J., Martinot, M., Gargani, J., Beck, P., Boisson, J., Paulien, N., Séjourné, A., Pasquon, K., Christoff, N., Belgacem, I., Landais, F., Rousseau, B., Dupeyrat, L., Franco, M., Andrieu, F., Cecconi, B., Erard, S., Jabaud, B., Malarewicz, V., Beggiato, G., Janez, G., Elbaz, L., Ourliac, C., Catheline, M., Fries, M., Karamoko, A., Rodier, J., Sarian, R., Gillet, A., Girard, S., Pottier, M., Strauss, S., Chanon, C., Lavaud, P., Boutaric, A., Savourat, M., Garret, E., Leroy, E., Geffray, M. C., Parquet, L., Delagoutte, M. A., Gamblin, O., Reimold, Wolf Uwe, Koeberl, Christian, Geology and Geochemistry, Reimold, Wolf Uwe, and Koeberl, Christian

Subjects
Martian, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Impact crater, 0103 physical sciences, Mars Exploration Program, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Astrobiology
Abstract

The most recent comprehensive database of Martian impact craters was the result of the work of impact crater scientists (S.J. Robbins and B.M. Hynek) who carefully examined the available high-resolution imagery of Mars. Building on this previous work, we present the result of an alternative approach involving 56 planetary scientists and trained students. A web platform was designed for this purpose. All impact craters larger than 1 km in diameter were classified according to a simplified classification scheme, recording the primary or secondary nature of the crater, and the morphology of the ejecta (single, double, or multiple layered ejecta rampart sinuous [LERS], or low-aspect-ratio layer ejecta [LARLE]). In total, 8445 LERS craters, 24,530 partially buried craters, 55,309 secondary craters, and 288,155 craters in the category “standard” were identified. Our assessment differs for 8145 entries in the original database compiled by Robbins and Hynek, which are not considered to be impact structures. In this work, ~39,000 secondary craters have been associated with 108 primary craters. Coupled to the existing database, the database we propose here offers a complementary way to investigate the geological history of Mars. More specifically, the completion of layered ejecta crater morphologies down to 1 km and the connection established between secondary and primary impact crater sources will allow the implementation of statistical studies to reveal the spatial and temporal evolution of the impacted material characteristics. Thanks to the simplified classification we performed here, this version of the database can be easily used as a training data set for crater identification algorithms based on machine-learning techniques with the aim to identify smaller impact craters and to automatically define their morphological characteristics. Since it is not possible to confirm an impact structure from remote-sensing data alone, any Martian impact database at this stage remains subjective, and its assessment must be facilitated. The interface we developed for this participative project can be directly used for this purpose and for continuous updates and improvements of this work, in particular, with the latest high-resolution imagery releases such as the CTX global mosaic by J.L. Dickson and others, but also as a platform for building specific databases of craters or any other structures located in a particular region of interest.

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4. Moving towards social dentistry: How do dentists perceive the Montreal-Toulouse model?

Author

Homa F, Jacqueline R, and Christophe B

Subjects
Humans, Quebec, Canada, Qualitative Research, Attitude of Health Personnel, Dentists psychology, Dentistry
Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to understand the perspectives of dentists towards the Montreal-Toulouse model, an innovative approach that encompasses person-centredness and social dentistry. This model invites dentists to take three types of actions (understanding, decision-making, intervening) on three overlapping levels (individual, community, societal). This study aimed to understand (a) How dentists perceived the Montreal-Toulouse model as a framework for the practice of dentistry and (b) What parts of this model they were ready to adopt in their own practice., Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted based on semi-structured interviews with a sample of dentists in the Province of Quebec, Canada. A combination of maximum variation and snowball sampling strategies was employed and 14 information-rich participants were recruited. The interviews were conducted and audio-recorded through Zoom and lasted approximately 1 h and a half. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed through a combination of inductive and deductive coding., Results: The participants explained they valued person-centred care and tried to put the individual level of the Montreal-Toulouse model into practice. However, they expressed little interest in the social dentistry aspects of the model. They acknowledged not knowing how to organize and conduct upstream interventions and were not comfortable with social and political activism. According to them, advocating for better health-related policies, while a noble act, 'was not their job'. They also highlighted the structural challenges that dentists face in fostering biopsychosocial approaches such as the Montreal-Toulouse model., Conclusions: To promote the Montreal-Toulouse model and empower dentists to address social determinants of health, an educational and organizational 'paradigm shift' towards social accountability might be necessary. Such a shift requires curricular modifications and reconsidering traditional teaching approaches in dental schools. Moreover, dentistry's professional organization could facilitate dentists' upstream actions through proper resource allocation and openness to collaboration with them., (© 2023 The Authors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2023
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5. [Bacteroides fragilis meningitis. 2 cases].

Author

Houvenaeghel M, de Moro S, Ottomani A, Bedos B, Lallemand J, Manelli JC, and Bimar J

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Bacteroides fragilis, Humans, Male, Meningitis diagnosis, Meningitis drug therapy, Meningoencephalitis diagnosis, Nitroimidazoles therapeutic use, Bacteroides Infections diagnosis, Bacteroides Infections drug therapy, Meningitis etiology
Abstract

In this study based on 2 personal cases and 23 cases from the literature the main clinical and therapeutic features of meningitis caused by Bacteroides fragilis are reviewed. The disease occurs in either very young or elderly people, with contributing factors in 54% of the cases. Clinically, the infectious syndrome is associated with meningoencephalitis and sometimes motor disorders. Although septicaemia is present in 80% of the cases, the patient's general condition is moderately affected. Blood leucocyte counts are definitely increased and CSF disturbances are those common to all types of bacterial meningitis. The initial focus of infection can be determined in 60% of the cases. The mortality rate is higher in adults than in children. Neurological complications are frequent. Nitro-imidazole derivatives, which are active against Bacteroides fragilis and reach high CSF concentrations, constitute the treatment of choice.

Published
1986

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