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1. RSV Risk Profile in Hospitalized Adults and Comparison with Influenza and COVID-19 Controls in Valladolid, Spain, 2010–2022

Author

Haeberer, Mariana, Mengel, Martin, Fan, Rong, Toquero-Asensio, Marina, Martin-Toribio, Alejandro, Liu, Qing, He, Yongzheng, Uppal, Sonal, Rojo-Rello, Silvia, Domínguez-Gil, Marta, Hernán-García, Cristina, Fernández-Espinilla, Virginia, Liang, Caihua, Begier, Elizabeth, Castrodeza Sanz, Javier, Eiros, José M., and Sanz-Muñoz, Ivan

Published
2024
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5. Estimated Incidence of Hospitalizations and Deaths Attributable to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Among Adults in Germany Between 2015 and 2019

Author

Polkowska-Kramek, Aleksandra, Begier, Elizabeth, Bruyndonckx, Robin, Liang, Caihua, Beese, Caroline, Brestrich, Gordon, Tran, Thao Mai Phuong, Nuttens, Charles, Casas, Maribel, Bayer, Lea Johanna, Huebbe, Bennet, Ewnetu, Worku Biyadgie, Agudelo, Juan Luis Ramirez, Gessner, Bradford D., von Eiff, Christof, and Rohde, Gernot

Published
2024
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11. Diagnosis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adults Substantially Increases When Adding Sputum, Saliva, and Serology Testing to Nasopharyngeal Swab RT–PCR

Author

Ramirez, Julio, Carrico, Ruth, Wilde, Ashley, Junkins, Alan, Furmanek, Stephen, Chandler, Thomas, Schulz, Paul, Hubler, Robin, Peyrani, Paula, Liu, Qing, Trivedi, Sonali, Uppal, Sonal, Kalina, Warren V., Falsey, Ann R., Walsh, Edward E., Yacisin, Kari, Jodar, Luis, Gessner, Bradford D., and Begier, Elizabeth

Published
2023
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15. Estimated Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-related Hospitalizations for Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs), including Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), in Adults in Germany

Author

Liang, Caihua, primary, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Hagel, Stefan, additional, Ankert, Juliane, additional, Wang, Liz, additional, Schwarz, Claudia, additional, Bayer, Lea J., additional, von Eiff, Christof, additional, Liu, Qing, additional, Southern, Jo, additional, Vietri, Jeffrey, additional, Uppal, Sonal, additional, Gessner, Bradford D., additional, Theilacker, Christian, additional, and Pletz, Mathias, additional

Published
2024
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18. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Pre-pandemic Among Adults Hospitalized With Congestive Heart Failure or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Older Adults.

Author

Tippett, Ashley, Ess, Gabby, Hussaini, Laila, Reese, Olivia, Salazar, Luis, Kelly, Mary, Taylor, Meg, Ciric, Caroline, Keane, Amy, Cheng, Andrew, Gibson, Theda, Li, Wensheng, Hsiao, Hui-Mien, Bristow, Laurel, Hellmeister, Kieffer, Al-Husein, Zayna, Hubler, Robin, Begier, Elizabeth, Liu, Qing, and Gessner, Bradford

Subjects
DISEASE exacerbation, RESEARCH funding, INFLUENZA vaccines, VACCINE effectiveness, MULTIPLE regression analysis, HOSPITAL care, HEART failure, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, LONGITUDINAL method, OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases, CASE-control method, CONFIDENCE intervals, SEASONAL influenza, VACCINATION status, EVALUATION, DISEASE complications, ADULTS, MIDDLE age, OLD age
Abstract

Background Data are limited on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the prevention of influenza-related hospitalizations in older adults and those with underlying high-risk comorbidities. Methods We conducted a prospective, test-negative, case-control study at 2 US hospitals from October 2018–March 2020 among adults aged ≥50 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) and adults ≥18 years admitted with congestive heart failure (CHF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Adults were eligible if they resided in 1 of 8 counties in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were tested using BioFire FilmArray (bioMérieux, Inc.) respiratory panel, and standard-of-care molecular results were included when available. Influenza vaccination history was determined from the Georgia vaccine registry and medical records. We used multivariable logistic regression to control for potential confounders and to determine 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Among 3090 eligible adults, 1562 (50.6%) were enrolled. Of the 1515 with influenza vaccination history available, 701 (46.2%) had received vaccination during that season. Influenza was identified in 37 (5.3%) vaccinated versus 78 (9.6%) unvaccinated participants. After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, immunosuppression, month, and season, pooled VE for any influenza-related hospitalization in the eligible study population was 63.1% (95% CI, 43.8–75.8%). Adjusted VE against influenza-related hospitalization for ARI in adults ≥50 years was 55.9% (29.9–72.3%) and adjusted VE against influenza-related CHF/COPD exacerbation in adults ≥18 years was 80.3% (36.3–93.9%). Conclusions Influenza vaccination was effective in preventing influenza-related hospitalizations in adults aged ≥50 years and those with CHF/COPD exacerbations during the 2018–2020 seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Prospective incidence epidemiology study protocol: conducting active surveillance to assess the burden of Lyme disease (BOLD) in primary care practices in endemic areas of six European countries

Author

Begier, Elizabeth, primary, Pilz, Andreas, additional, Loew-Baselli, Alexandra, additional, Harper, Lisa R, additional, Stark, James H, additional, Bowdery, Molly, additional, Halsby, Kate, additional, Dzingina, Mendwas, additional, Bézay, Nicole, additional, Allen, Kristen E, additional, Parslow, Ben, additional, and Gessner, Bradford D, additional

Published
2023
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20. 2621. Social Risk Factors for RSV-related Hospitalizations in Adults ≥ 50 years of age

Author

De Castro, Khalel, primary, Tippett, Ashley, additional, Hussaini, Laila, additional, Salazar, Luis W, additional, Reese, Olivia, additional, Ciric, Caroline R, additional, Li, Wensheng, additional, Hsiao, Hui-Mien, additional, Stephens, Kathy, additional, Gibson, Theda, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Liu, Qing, additional, Hubler, Robin, additional, Gessner, Bradford J, additional, Lopman, Benjamin, additional, Rouphael, Nadine, additional, Kamidani, Satoshi, additional, Anderson, Evan J, additional, and Rostad, Christina A, additional

Published
2023
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21. 888. Estimation of the Incidence of RSV-attributable Circulatory and Respiratory Hospital Admissions in Adults in Germany between 2015–2019, Overall and for Specific Conditions

Author

Beese, Caroline, primary, Brestrich, Gordon, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Polkowska-Kramek, Aleksandra, additional, Bruyndonckx, Robin, additional, Nuttens, Charles, additional, Tran, Thao Mai Phuong, additional, Ewnetu, Worku Biyadgie, additional, Agudelo, Juan Luis Ramirez, additional, Bayer, Lea Johanna, additional, Liang, Caihua, additional, Gessner, Bradford J, additional, and Rohde, Gernot, additional

Published
2023
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22. 260. Durability of Antibody Responses to RSV in Older Adults Following Hospitalization for Acute Respiratory Infection

Author

Ciric, Caroline, primary, Ha, Binh, additional, Tippett, Ashley, additional, Hussaini, Laila, additional, Salazar, Luis W, additional, Reese, Olivia, additional, Li, Wensheng, additional, Hsiao, Hui-Mien, additional, Gibson, Theda, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Hubler, Robin, additional, Liu, Qing, additional, Gessner, Bradford J, additional, Lopman, Benjamin, additional, Rouphael, Nadine, additional, Kamidani, Satoshi, additional, Anderson, Evan J, additional, Anderson, Larry, additional, and Rostad, Christina A, additional

Published
2023
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23. 2629. Estimation of Hospitalization and Mortality Burden of RSV in Adults in Spain between 2015–2019

Author

Haeberer, Mariana, primary, Torres, Antoni, additional, Bruyndonckx, Robin, additional, Polkowska-Kramek, Aleksandra, additional, Nuttens, Charles, additional, Lemme, Francesca, additional, Tran, Thao Mai Phuong, additional, Ewnetu, Worku Biyadgie, additional, Liang, Caihua, additional, Diez, Cristina Mendez, additional, Gessner, Bradford J, additional, and Begier, Elizabeth, additional

Published
2023
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24. 1019. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Diagnoses in Hospitalized Patients Increases when Additional Specimen Types are Added to Nasopharyngeal Swab: Results from the RSV in Adults Multispecimen Study

Author

Ramirez, Julio, primary, Carrico, Ruth, additional, Wilde, Ashley M, additional, Junkins, Alan, additional, Chandler, Thomas R, additional, Furmanek, Stephen, additional, Hubler, Robin, additional, Liu, Qing, additional, Uppal, Sonal, additional, Peyrani, Paula, additional, Aliabadi, Negar, additional, Gessner, Bradford J, additional, and Begier, Elizabeth, additional

Published
2023
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25. 892. Epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of Rhinovirus/Enterovirus in older adults hospitalized with acute respiratory infections and those with CHF and COPD exacerbations

Author

Ess, Gabby, primary, Tippett, Ashley, additional, Salazar, Luis W, additional, Reese, Olivia, additional, Ciric, Caroline R, additional, Hussaini, Laila, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Hubler, Robin, additional, Liu, Qing, additional, Gessner, Bradford J, additional, Lopman, Benjamin, additional, Kamidani, Satoshi, additional, Rouphael, Nadine, additional, Anderson, Evan J, additional, and Rostad, Christina A, additional

Published
2023
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26. 2650. Characteristics of In-Hospital Care and Immediate Post-Discharge Care Status among Older Adults Hospitalized with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection, Seasonal Influenza, Acute Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke in the US

Author

Sato, Reiko, primary, Judy, Jennifer, additional, Yacisin, Kari, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Sardana, Poorva, additional, Agrawal, Neha, additional, Goswami, Anchita, additional, and Sharma, Manvi, additional

Published
2023
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27. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Pre-pandemic among Adults Hospitalized with Congestive Heart Failure, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Older Adults

Author

Tippett, Ashley, primary, Ess, Gabby, additional, Hussaini, Laila, additional, Reese, Olivia, additional, Salazar, Luis, additional, Kelly, Mary, additional, Taylor, Meg, additional, Ciric, Caroline, additional, Keane, Amy, additional, Cheng, Andrew, additional, Gibson, Theda, additional, Li, Wensheng, additional, Hsiao, Hui-Mien, additional, Bristow, Laurel, additional, Hellmeister, Kieffer, additional, Al-Husein, Zayna, additional, Hubler, Robin, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Liu, Qing, additional, Gessner, Bradford, additional, Swerdlow, David L, additional, Kamidani, Satoshi, additional, Kao, Carol, additional, Yildirim, Inci, additional, Rouphael, Nadine, additional, Rostad, Christina A, additional, and Anderson, Evan J, additional

Published
2023
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29. Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization associates with impaired adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2

Author

Mitsi, Elena, Reine, Jesus, Urban, Britta C., Solorzano, Carla, Nikolaou, Elissavet, Hyder-Wright, Angela D., Pojar, Sherin, Howard, Ashleigh, Hitchins, Lisa, Glynn, Sharon, Farrar, Madlen C., Liatsikos, Konstantinos, Collins, Andrea M., Walker, Naomi F., Hill, Helen C., German, Esther L., Cheliotis, Katerina S., Byrne, Rachel L., Williams, Christopher T., Cubas-Atienzar, Ana I., Fletcher, Tom E., Adams, Emily R., Draper, Simon J., Pulido, David, Beavon, Rohini, Theilacker, Christian, Begier, Elizabeth, Jodar, Luis, Gessner, Bradford D., and Ferreira, Daniela M.

Subjects
Streptococcus pneumoniae -- Physiological aspects, Immunological research, Immune response -- Health aspects, Host-bacteria relationships -- Research, Streptococcal infections -- Complications and side effects, Health care industry
Abstract

BACKGROUND. Although recent epidemiological data suggest that pneumococci may contribute to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 disease, cases of coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during hospitalization have been reported infrequently. This apparent contradiction may be explained by interactions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and pneumococci in the upper airway, resulting in the escape of SARS-CoV-2 from protective host immune responses. METHODS. Here, we investigated the relationship of these 2 respiratory pathogens in 2 distinct cohorts of health care workers with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection identified by systematic screening and patients with moderate to severe disease who presented to the hospital. We assessed the effect of coinfection on host antibody, cellular, and inflammatory responses to the virus. RESULTS. In both cohorts, pneumococcal colonization was associated with diminished antiviral immune responses, which primarily affected mucosal IgA levels among individuals with mild or asymptomatic infection and cellular memory responses in infected patients. CONCLUSION. Our findings suggest that S. pneumoniae impair host immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and raise the question of whether pneumococcal carriage also enables immune escape of other respiratory viruses and facilitates reinfection. TRIAL REGISTRATION. ISRCTN89159899 (FASTER study) and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03502291 (LAIV study)., Introduction Despite the widespread global effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, few reports have assessed potential interactions between upper airway bacterial colonization and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [...]

Published
2022
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30. Effectiveness of Immunization Products Against Medically Attended Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Generic Protocol for a Test-Negative Case-Control Study.

Author

Roekel, Caren van, Poukka, Eero, Turunen, Topi, Nohynek, Hanna, Presser, Lance, Meijer, Adam, Heikkinen, Terho, Kramer, Rolf, Begier, Elizabeth, Teirlinck, Anne C, Knol, Mirjam J, and Investigators, PROMISE

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections, HUMAN metapneumovirus infection, CASE-control method, RESPIRATORY infections, IMMUNIZATION, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus
Abstract

Monitoring the real-life effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) products is of major public health importance. This generic protocol for a test-negative design study aims to address currently envisioned approaches for RSV prevention (monoclonal antibodies and vaccines) to study effectiveness of these products among target groups: children, older adults, and pregnant women. The generic protocol approach was chosen to allow for flexibility in adapting the protocol to a specific setting. This protocol includes severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI), both due to RSV, as end points. These end points can be applied to studies in hospitals, primarily targeting patients with more severe disease, but also to studies in general practitioner clinics targeting ARI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Effectiveness of Vaccines and Monoclonal Antibodies Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Generic Protocol for Register-Based Cohort Study.

Author

Poukka, Eero, Roekel, Caren van, Turunen, Topi, Baum, Ulrike, Kramer, Rolf, Begier, Elizabeth, Presser, Lance, Teirlinck, Anne, Heikkinen, Terho, Knol, Mirjam, Nohynek, Hanna, and Investigators, PROMISE

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, MONOCLONAL antibodies, VACCINE effectiveness, COHORT analysis, RESEARCH personnel
Abstract

Several immunization products are currently being developed against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for children, pregnant females, and older adults, and some products have already received authorization. Therefore, studies to monitor the effectiveness of these products are needed in the following years. To assist researchers to conduct postmarketing studies, we developed a generic protocol for register-based cohort studies to evaluate immunization product effectiveness against RSV-specific and nonspecific outcomes. To conduct a study on the basis of this generic protocol, the researchers can use any relevant databases or healthcare registers that are available at the study site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Multicountry Review of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype Distribution Among Adults With Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Author

Grant, Lindsay R, Begier, Elizabeth, Theilacker, Christian, Barry, Rachid, Hall-Murray, Cassandra, Yan, Qi, Pope, Veneta, Pride, Michael W, Jodar, Luis, and Gessner, Bradford D

Subjects
*COMMUNITY-acquired pneumonia, *STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae, *PNEUMOCOCCAL vaccines, *ADULTS, *DATABASES, *POLYPOIDAL choroidal vasculopathy
Abstract

Background Nonbacteremic community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading presentation of severe pneumococcal disease in adults. Serotype-specific urinary antigen detection (UAD) assay can detect serotypes causing pneumococcal CAP, including nonbacteremic cases, and guide recommendations for use of higher valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). Methods Adult CAP serotype distribution studies that used both Pfizer UADs (UAD1, detects PCV13 serotypes; UAD2, detects PCV20 non-PCV13 serotypes plus 2, 9N, 17F, and 20) were identified by review of an internal study database and included if results were published. The percentages of all-cause radiologically confirmed CAP (RAD + CAP) due to individual or grouped (PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20) serotypes as detected from culture or UAD were reported. Results Six studies (n = 2, United States; n = 1 each, Germany, Sweden, Spain, and Greece) were included. The percentage of RAD + CAP among adults ≥18 years with PCV13 serotypes equaled 4.6% to 12.9%, with PCV15 serotypes 5.9% to 14.5%, and with PCV20 serotypes 7.8% to 23.8%. The percentage of RAD + CAP due to PCV15 and PCV20 serotypes was 1.1–1.3 and 1.3–1.8 times higher than PCV13 serotypes, respectively. Conclusions PCV13 serotypes remain a cause of RAD + CAP among adults even in settings with pediatric PCV use. Higher valency PCVs among adults could address an important proportion of RAD + CAP in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. Comorbidity-based distribution of pneumococcal serotypes in Greek adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

Author

Liapikou, Adamantia, primary, Kossyvaki, Vasiliki, additional, Skiadas, John, additional, Markatis, Eleftherios, additional, Menegas, Damianos, additional, Méndez, Cristina, additional, Schwarz, Claudia, additional, Lahuerta, Maria, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Gessner, Bradford D., additional, Milionis, Haralampos, additional, Tsimihodimos, Vasilios, additional, Kostikas, Konstantinos, additional, Konstantinidis, Athanasios, additional, Baxevanos, Gerasimos, additional, Triantafyllidis, Charalampos, additional, Argiriadou, Theodora, additional, Terrovitou, Chrysavgi, additional, Daniilidis, Daniil, additional, Katsaounou, Paraskevi, additional, Toumbis, Michael, additional, and Egnatia Study Group, T., additional

Published
2023
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34. Estimated incidence of hospitalizations and primary care visits attributable to RSV infections in adults in Germany between 2015 – 2019

Author

Beese, Caroline, primary, Brestrich, Gordon, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Polkowska-Kramek, Aleksandra, additional, Bruyndonckx, Robin, additional, Nuttens, Charles, additional, Tran, Thao Mai Phuong, additional, Agudelo, Juan Luis Ramirez, additional, Bayer, Lea Johanna, additional, Liang, Caihua, additional, Gessner, Bradford, additional, and Rohde, Gernot, additional

Published
2023
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38. Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Diagnostic Testing Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Onwuchekwa, Chukwuemeka, primary, Atwell, Jessica, additional, Moreo, Laura Mora, additional, Menon, Sonia, additional, Machado, Belen, additional, Siapka, Mariana, additional, Agarwal, Neha, additional, Rubbrecht, Michelle, additional, Aponte-Torres, Zuleika, additional, Rozenbaum, Mark, additional, Curcio, Daniel, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Kalina, Warren V, additional, Vroling, Hilde, additional, Gessner, Bradford, additional, and Begier, Elizabeth, additional

Published
2023
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39. Incidence of Lyme Borreliosis in the Dutch General Practice Population: A Large-Scale Population-Based Cohort Study Across the Netherlands Between 2015 and 2019

Author

Houben, Eline, primary, de Jong, Hilda, additional, Penning-van Beest, Fernie, additional, Kuiper, Josephina, additional, Holthuis, Emily, additional, Blum, Maxim, additional, Skufca, Jozica, additional, Riera-Montes, Margarita, additional, Gessner, Bradford D., additional, Pilz, Andreas, additional, Vyse, Andrew John, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Dzingina, Mendwas, additional, Herings, Ron, additional, and Stark, James H., additional

Published
2023
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40. A Retrospective Database Study of Lyme Borreliosis Incidence in Poland from 2015 to 2019: A Public Health Concern

Author

Paradowska-Stankiewicz, Iwona, primary, Zbrzeźniak, Jakub, additional, Skufca, Jozica, additional, Nagarajan, Archana, additional, Ochocka, Paulina, additional, Pilz, Andreas, additional, Vyse, Andrew, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Dzingina, Mendwas, additional, Blum, Maxim, additional, Riera-Montes, Margarita, additional, Gessner, Bradford D., additional, and Stark, James H., additional

Published
2023
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42. Incidence of Lyme Borreliosis in Germany: Exploring Observed Trends Over Time Using Public Surveillance Data, 2016–2020

Author

Skufca, Jozica, primary, Tran, Thao Mai Phuong, additional, Brestrich, Gordon, additional, Pilz, Andreas, additional, Vyse, Andrew, additional, Malerczyk, Claudius, additional, Dzingina, Mendwas, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Blum, Maxim, additional, Riera-Montes, Margarita, additional, Gessner, Bradford D., additional, and Stark, James H., additional

Published
2023
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46. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort study of hospitalised adults.

Author

Hyams, Catherine, Qian, George, Nava, George, Challen, Robert, Begier, Elizabeth, Southern, Jo, Lahuerta, Maria, Nguyen, Jennifer L, King, Jade, Morley, Anna, Clout, Madeleine, Maskell, Nick, Jodar, Luis, Oliver, Jennifer, Ellsbury, Gillian, McLaughlin, John M, Gessner, Bradford D, Finn, Adam, Danon, Leon, and Dodd, James W

Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have worse outcomes than AECOPD caused by other infectious agents or non-infective AECOPD (NI-COPD). Design: A two-hospital prospective cohort study of adults hospitalised with acute respiratory disease. We compared outcomes with AECOPD and a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 816), AECOPD triggered by other infections (n = 3038) and NI-COPD (n = 994). We used multivariable modelling to adjust for potential confounders and assessed variation by seasons associated with different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Setting: Bristol UK, August 2020–May 2022. Participants: Adults (≥18 y) hospitalised with AECOPD. Main outcome measures: We determined the risk of positive pressure support, longer hospital admission and mortality following hospitalisation with AECOPD due to non-SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD and NI-COPD. Results: Patients with SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD, in comparison to non-SARS-CoV-2 infective AECOPD or NI-COPD, more frequently required positive pressure support (18.5% and 7.5% vs. 11.7%, respectively), longer hospital stays (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 7 [3–15] and 5 [2–10] vs. 4 [2–9] days, respectively) and had higher 30-day mortality (16.9% and 11.1% vs. 5.9%, respectively) (all p < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD was associated with a 55% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 24–93), 26% (95% CI: 15–37) and 35% (95% CI: 10–65) increase in the risk of positive pressure support, hospitalisation length and 30-day mortality, respectively, relative to non-SARS-CoV-2 infective AECOPD. The difference in risk remained similar during periods of wild-type, Alpha and Delta SARS-CoV-2 strain dominance, but diminished during Omicron dominance. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2-related AECOPD had worse patient outcomes compared with non-SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD or NI-AECOPD, although the difference in risks was less pronounced during Omicron dominance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. Pediatric RSV Diagnostic Testing Performance:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Onwuchekwa, Chukwuemeka, Atwell, Jessica, Mora Moreo, Laura, Menon, Sonia, Machado, Belen, Siapka, Mariana, Agarwal, Neha, Rubbrecht, Michelle, Aponte-Torres, Zuleika, Rozenbaum, Mark, Curcio, Daniel, Nair, Harish, V Kalina, Warren, Vroling, Hilde, Gessner, Bradford, and Begier, Elizabeth

Subjects
children, diagnosis, sensitivity and specificity, epidemiology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
Abstract

Background: Adding additional specimen types (e.g., serology or sputum) to nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) RT-PCR increases respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detection among adults. We assessed if a similar increase occurs in children and quantified under-ascertainment associated with diagnostic testing.Methods: We searched databases for studies involving RSV detection in persons Results: We included 157 studies. Added testing of additional specimens to NP aspirate (NPA), NPS and/or nasal swab (NS) RT-PCR resulted in statistically non-significant increases in RSV detection. Adding paired serology testing increased RSV detection by 10%, NS by 8%, oropharyngeal swabs by 5%, and NPS by 1%. Compared to RT-PCR, direct fluorescence antibody tests, viral culture, and rapid antigen tests were 87%, 76%, and 74% sensitive, respectively (pooled specificities all ≥98%). Pooled sensitivity of multiplex versus singleplex RT-PCR was 96%.Conclusions: RT-PCR was the most sensitive pediatric RSV diagnostic test. Adding multiple specimens did not substantially increase RSV detection, but even small proportional increases could result in meaningful changes in burden estimates. The synergistic effect of adding multiple specimens should be evaluated.

Published
2023

48. Severity of Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalised adults: a prospective cohort study in Bristol, United Kingdom

Author

Hyams, Catherine, primary, Challen, Robert, additional, Marlow, Robin, additional, Nguyen, Jennifer, additional, Begier, Elizabeth, additional, Southern, Jo, additional, King, Jade, additional, Morley, Anna, additional, Kinney, Jane, additional, Clout, Madeleine, additional, Oliver, Jennifer, additional, Gray, Sharon, additional, Ellsbury, Gillian, additional, Maskell, Nick, additional, Jodar, Luis, additional, Gessner, Bradford, additional, McLaughlin, John, additional, Danon, Leon, additional, Finn, Adam, additional, Langdon, Amelia, additional, Turner, Anabella, additional, Mattocks, Anya, additional, Osborne, Bethany, additional, Grimes, Charli, additional, Mitchell, Claire, additional, Adegbite, David, additional, Bridgeman, Emma, additional, Scott, Emma, additional, Perkins, Fiona, additional, Bayley, Francesca, additional, Ruffino, Gabriella, additional, Valentine, Gabriella, additional, Tilzey, Grace, additional, Campling, James, additional, Kellett Wright, Johanna, additional, Brzezinska, Julia, additional, Cloake, Julie, additional, Milutinovic, Katarina, additional, Helliker, Kate, additional, Maughan, Katie, additional, Fox, Kazminder, additional, Minou, Konstantina, additional, Ward, Lana, additional, Fleming, Leah, additional, Morrison, Leigh, additional, Smart, Lily, additional, Wright, Louise, additional, Grimwood, Lucy, additional, Bellavia, Maddalena, additional, Vasquez, Marianne, additional, Garcia Gonzalez, Maria, additional, Jeenes-Flanagan, Milo, additional, Chang, Natalie, additional, Grace, Niall, additional, Manning, Nicola, additional, Griffiths, Oliver, additional, Croxford, Pip, additional, Sequenza, Peter, additional, Lazarus, Rajeka, additional, Walters, Rhian, additional, Heath, Robyn, additional, Antico, Rupert, additional, Nammuni Arachchge, Sandi, additional, Suppiah, Seevakumar, additional, Mona, Taslima, additional, Riaz, Tawassal, additional, Mackay, Vicki, additional, Maseko, Zandile, additional, Taylor, Zoe, additional, Friedrich, Zsolt, additional, and Szasz-Benczur, Zsuzsa, additional

Published
2023
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49. Underascertainment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Adults Due to Diagnostic Testing Limitations: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Onwuchekwa, Chukwuemeka, primary, Moreo, Laura Mora, additional, Menon, Sonia, additional, Machado, Belen, additional, Curcio, Daniel, additional, Kalina, Warren, additional, Atwell, Jessica E, additional, Gessner, Bradford D, additional, Siapka, Mariana, additional, Agarwal, Neha, additional, Rubbrecht, Michelle, additional, Nair, Harish, additional, Rozenbaum, Mark, additional, Aponte-Torres, Zuleika, additional, Vroling, Hilde, additional, and Begier, Elizabeth, additional

Published
2023
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