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5. International College Students' Impact on the US Skilled Labor Supply. Working Paper 30431

Author

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Beine, Michel, Peri, Giovanni, and Raux, Morgan

Abstract

US universities have attracted hundreds of thousands of international students each year for the last decade. Some of these remain in the US after graduating and contribute to the high skilled labor supply in US labor markets. In this paper, we identify and estimate by how much one more international master's (or bachelor's) student increases the skilled labor supply of the US in the short-run. To estimate this "transition rate" we implement an instrumental variable estimation using quasi-random variation in the tuition charged to international students by public US universities in the year that they likely started their studies. We find that attracting an additional international student to a US university increases the local labor supply by about 0.23 employees for master's students and about 0.11 for bachelor's students. These averages conceal an important difference. While non-STEM bachelor's and master's students had negligible transition rates into US employment, STEM Master students have had significant transition rates around 0.2, especially after the 2008 reform of Optional Practical Training for STEM graduates.

Published
2022

8. Refugee Mobility: Evidence from Phone Data in Turkey

Author

Beine, Michel, Bertinelli, Luisito, Cömertpay, Rana, Litina, Anastasia, Maystadt, Jean-François, Zou, Benteng, Salah, Albert Ali, editor, Pentland, Alex, editor, Lepri, Bruno, editor, Letouzé, Emmanuel, editor, de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre, With Contrib. by, Dong, Xiaowen, With Contrib. by, and Vinck, Patrick, With Contrib. by

Published
2019
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31. Research note: Ukrainian Refugee Crisis Tests Luxembourg’s Humanitarian and Integration Policy

Author

Research Luxembourg [sponsor], Beine, Michel, Doquier, Frédéric, Machado, Jöel, Nienaber, Birte, Sommarribas, Adolfo, Research Luxembourg [sponsor], Beine, Michel, Doquier, Frédéric, Machado, Jöel, Nienaber, Birte, and Sommarribas, Adolfo

Abstract

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the resulting sanctions have contributed to accelerating the rise in commodity prices (including energy), triggering inflation, and exacerbating instability in an already convalescent Europe. The war has also sparked a massive refugee crisis, the most impressive in speed and size since World War II, whose economic impact is likely to be significant. As of mid-May, the stock of Ukrainian refugees who have fled their country due to the Russian invasion slightly exceeded 6 million, and some 8 million more were displaced internally.1 This refugee crisis imposes huge stress on the humanitarian protection regime and reception capacity of most European countries. This is not only the case in frontline countries such as Poland (3.3 million), Romania (0.9 million), Hungary (0.6 million) or Moldova (0.5 million), but also in other EU member states where the numbers of arrivals has almost reached (and sometimes exceeds) the levels of the 2015-16 refugee crisis in two months only. As of early May, the stocks have risen to 610 thousand in Germany, 70 thousand in France, 40 thousand in Belgium and 5 thousand in Luxembourg. These numbers are likely to grow in the coming weeks, as the war is far from over.

Published
2022

37. COVID-19 Crisis Management in Luxembourg: Insights from an Epidemionomic Approach

Author

Burzynski, Machado, Joel, Aalto, Atte, Beine, Michel, Haas, Tom, Kemp, Francoise, Magni, Stefano, Mombaerts, Laurent, Picard, Pierre M, Proverbio, Daniele, Skupin, Alexander, Docquier, Frédéric, and Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor]

Subjects
Human geography & demography [H05] [Social & behavioral sciences, psychology], Geographie humaine & démographie [H05] [Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie]
Abstract

We develop an epidemionomic model that jointly analyzes the health and economic responses to the COVID-19 crisis and to the related containment and public health policy measures implemented in Luxembourg. The model has been used to produce nowcasts and forecasts at various stages of the crisis. We focus here on two key moments in time, namely the deconfinement period following the first lockdown, and the onset of the second wave. In May 2020, we predicted a high risk of a second wave that was mainly explained by the resumption of social life, low participation in large-scale testing, and reduction in teleworking practices. Simulations conducted 5 months later reveal that managing the second wave with moderately coercive measures has been epidemiologically and economically effective. Assuming a massive third (or fourth) wave will not materialize in 2021, the real GDP loss due to the second wave will be smaller than 0.4 percentage points in 2020 and 2021.

Published
2021

44. Moving parts: immigration policy, internal migration and natural resource shocks

Author

Beine, Michel, Boadway, Robin W., and Coulombe, Serge

Subjects
Immigration policy, Emigration and immigration law, Labor market -- Forecasts and trends, Alien labor -- Economic aspects -- Forecasts and trends, Emigration and immigration, Migration, Internal, Market trend/market analysis, Economics, Social sciences
Abstract

Recent changes to Canadian immigration policy, including the Temporary Foreign Worker Program, are positive overall. But they could have negative consequences that need addressing. THE INSTITUTE'S COMMITMENT TO QUALITY C.D. [...]

Published
2016

50. Emigration Intentions and Risk Aversion: Causal Evidence from Albania

Author

Beine, Michel, Charness, Gary, and Dupuy, Arnaud

Subjects
trapped population phenomenon, ddc:330, P16, risk aversion, F22, emigration, O57, earthquakes, O15
Abstract

Estimating the impact of risk aversion on emigration at the individual level is complicated by selection issues. In this paper, we use original data from Albania on mobility intentions and elicited risk aversion to provide causal estimates on this relationship. Our identification strategy relies on the occurrence of two earthquakes during data collection that unambiguously led to upward shifts in risk aversion as shown in a companion paper (Beine et al., 2021). While OLS estimates fail to capture a (negative) relationship between risk aversion and emigration intention, a Control Function strategy using the two earthquakes as instruments uncovers such a relationship. We argue that our results highlight a new channel through which risk preferences explain the trapped population phenomenon documented in the climate change and migration literature.

Published
2021

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