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1. Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections in children aged 2 months to 3 years in the Italian emergency units: the ItaUTI study

Author

Cenzato, F, Milani, G, Amigoni, A, Sperotto, F, Bianchetti, M, Agostoni, C, Montini, G, Farello, G, Chiarelli, F, Greco, R, Di Lollo, F, Rocco Forte, F, Manieri, S, Carpino, L, Caloiero, M, Cirisano, A, Bragho, S, Della Casa, R, Nunziata, F, Pecoraro, C, Pacifico, R, Lanari, M, Ghizzi, C, Serra, L, Stella, M, Maggiore, G, Fiorini, R, Dodi, I, Morelli, A, Lughetti, L, Cella, A, Vergine, G, De Fanti, A, Dragovic, D, Santori, D, Cozzi, G, Cogo, P, Raponi, M, Lubrano, R, de Martinis, M, Gatto, A, Barbieri, M, Reale, A, Bracaglia, G, Piccotti, E, Borea, R, Gaiero, A, Martelli, L, Arrighini, A, Cianci, P, Cavalli, C, De Santis, L, Pietra, B, Biondi, A, Sala, M, Pogliani, L, Cherubini, S, Bellini, M, Bruni, P, Traina, G, Tommasi, P, Del Barba, P, Arrigoni, S, Salvini, F, Bernardo, L, Bertolozzi, G, Fasoli, S, Marseglia, G, Palumbo, E, Bosco, A, Mirri, G, Fabiani, E, Ruffini, E, Pieragostini, L, Fornaro, M, Ripanti, G, Pannoni, D, Enrico, F, Perona, A, Tappi, E, Nis Haitink, O, Rabbone, I, Capalbo, P, Urbino, A, Guala, A, Cosi, G, Barracchia, M, Martire, B, Cardinale, F, Moramarco, F, Perrone, C, Campanozzi, A, Cecinati, V, Canetto, A, Clemente, C, Cualbu, A, Narducci, F, Mula, G, Bulciolu, P, Antonucci, R, Gramaglia, G, Cavaleri, G, Salpietro, C, Corsello, G, Salvo, R, Palmeri, M, Vitale, M, Morgano, A, Falorni, S, Peroni, D, Masi, S, Bertini, A, Vaccaro, A, Vasarri, P, Reinstadler, P, Soffiati, M, Stefanelli, M, Verrotti di Pianella, A, Bertone, C, Marzini, S, Da Dalt, L, Rugolotto, S, Scozzola, F, Ecclesio Livio, L, Cinquetti, M, Silvagni, D, Bellettato, M, Cenzato F., Milani G. P., Amigoni A., Sperotto F., Bianchetti M. G., Agostoni C., Montini G., Farello G., Chiarelli F., Greco R., Di Lollo F., Rocco Forte F., Manieri S., Carpino L., Caloiero M., Cirisano A., Bragho S., Della Casa R., Nunziata F., Pecoraro C., Pacifico R., Lanari M., Ghizzi C., Serra L., Stella M., Maggiore G., Fiorini R., Dodi I., Morelli A., Lughetti L., Cella A., Vergine G., De Fanti A., Dragovic D., Santori D., Cozzi G., Cogo P., Raponi M., Lubrano R., de Martinis M., Gatto A., Barbieri M. A., Reale A., Bracaglia G., Piccotti E., Borea R., Gaiero A., Martelli L., Arrighini A., Cianci P., Cavalli C., De Santis L., Pietra B. C., Biondi A., Sala M., Pogliani L. M., Cherubini S., Bellini M., Bruni P., Traina G., Tommasi P., Del Barba P., Arrigoni S., Salvini F. M., Bernardo L., Bertolozzi G., Fasoli S., Marseglia G. L., Palumbo E., Bosco A., Mirri G., Fabiani E., Ruffini E., Pieragostini L., Fornaro M., Ripanti G., Pannoni D., Enrico F., Perona A., Tappi E., Nis Haitink O., Rabbone I., Capalbo P. T., Urbino A., Guala A., Cosi G., Barracchia M. G., Martire B., Cardinale F., Moramarco F., Perrone C., Campanozzi A., Cecinati V., Canetto A., Clemente C., Cualbu A., Narducci F., Mula G., Bulciolu P., Antonucci R., Gramaglia G., Cavaleri G., Salpietro C., Corsello G., Salvo R., Palmeri M., Vitale M. A., Morgano A., Falorni S., Peroni D., Masi S., Bertini A., Vaccaro A., Vasarri P., Reinstadler P., Soffiati M., Stefanelli M., Verrotti di Pianella A., Bertone C., Marzini S., Da Dalt L., Rugolotto S., Scozzola F., Ecclesio Livio L., Cinquetti M., Silvagni D., Bellettato M., Cenzato, F, Milani, G, Amigoni, A, Sperotto, F, Bianchetti, M, Agostoni, C, Montini, G, Farello, G, Chiarelli, F, Greco, R, Di Lollo, F, Rocco Forte, F, Manieri, S, Carpino, L, Caloiero, M, Cirisano, A, Bragho, S, Della Casa, R, Nunziata, F, Pecoraro, C, Pacifico, R, Lanari, M, Ghizzi, C, Serra, L, Stella, M, Maggiore, G, Fiorini, R, Dodi, I, Morelli, A, Lughetti, L, Cella, A, Vergine, G, De Fanti, A, Dragovic, D, Santori, D, Cozzi, G, Cogo, P, Raponi, M, Lubrano, R, de Martinis, M, Gatto, A, Barbieri, M, Reale, A, Bracaglia, G, Piccotti, E, Borea, R, Gaiero, A, Martelli, L, Arrighini, A, Cianci, P, Cavalli, C, De Santis, L, Pietra, B, Biondi, A, Sala, M, Pogliani, L, Cherubini, S, Bellini, M, Bruni, P, Traina, G, Tommasi, P, Del Barba, P, Arrigoni, S, Salvini, F, Bernardo, L, Bertolozzi, G, Fasoli, S, Marseglia, G, Palumbo, E, Bosco, A, Mirri, G, Fabiani, E, Ruffini, E, Pieragostini, L, Fornaro, M, Ripanti, G, Pannoni, D, Enrico, F, Perona, A, Tappi, E, Nis Haitink, O, Rabbone, I, Capalbo, P, Urbino, A, Guala, A, Cosi, G, Barracchia, M, Martire, B, Cardinale, F, Moramarco, F, Perrone, C, Campanozzi, A, Cecinati, V, Canetto, A, Clemente, C, Cualbu, A, Narducci, F, Mula, G, Bulciolu, P, Antonucci, R, Gramaglia, G, Cavaleri, G, Salpietro, C, Corsello, G, Salvo, R, Palmeri, M, Vitale, M, Morgano, A, Falorni, S, Peroni, D, Masi, S, Bertini, A, Vaccaro, A, Vasarri, P, Reinstadler, P, Soffiati, M, Stefanelli, M, Verrotti di Pianella, A, Bertone, C, Marzini, S, Da Dalt, L, Rugolotto, S, Scozzola, F, Ecclesio Livio, L, Cinquetti, M, Silvagni, D, Bellettato, M, Cenzato F., Milani G. P., Amigoni A., Sperotto F., Bianchetti M. G., Agostoni C., Montini G., Farello G., Chiarelli F., Greco R., Di Lollo F., Rocco Forte F., Manieri S., Carpino L., Caloiero M., Cirisano A., Bragho S., Della Casa R., Nunziata F., Pecoraro C., Pacifico R., Lanari M., Ghizzi C., Serra L., Stella M., Maggiore G., Fiorini R., Dodi I., Morelli A., Lughetti L., Cella A., Vergine G., De Fanti A., Dragovic D., Santori D., Cozzi G., Cogo P., Raponi M., Lubrano R., de Martinis M., Gatto A., Barbieri M. A., Reale A., Bracaglia G., Piccotti E., Borea R., Gaiero A., Martelli L., Arrighini A., Cianci P., Cavalli C., De Santis L., Pietra B. C., Biondi A., Sala M., Pogliani L. M., Cherubini S., Bellini M., Bruni P., Traina G., Tommasi P., Del Barba P., Arrigoni S., Salvini F. M., Bernardo L., Bertolozzi G., Fasoli S., Marseglia G. L., Palumbo E., Bosco A., Mirri G., Fabiani E., Ruffini E., Pieragostini L., Fornaro M., Ripanti G., Pannoni D., Enrico F., Perona A., Tappi E., Nis Haitink O., Rabbone I., Capalbo P. T., Urbino A., Guala A., Cosi G., Barracchia M. G., Martire B., Cardinale F., Moramarco F., Perrone C., Campanozzi A., Cecinati V., Canetto A., Clemente C., Cualbu A., Narducci F., Mula G., Bulciolu P., Antonucci R., Gramaglia G., Cavaleri G., Salpietro C., Corsello G., Salvo R., Palmeri M., Vitale M. A., Morgano A., Falorni S., Peroni D., Masi S., Bertini A., Vaccaro A., Vasarri P., Reinstadler P., Soffiati M., Stefanelli M., Verrotti di Pianella A., Bertone C., Marzini S., Da Dalt L., Rugolotto S., Scozzola F., Ecclesio Livio L., Cinquetti M., Silvagni D., and Bellettato M.

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most frequent bacterial diseases in infants and children. Physician adherence to recommendations is notoriously often poor, but no data are available on UTIs management in the emergency setting. In this multicenter national study, we investigated the policies regarding UTIs management in children aged 2 months to 3 years in Italian emergency units. Between April and June 2021, directors of the emergency units were invited to answer an online survey on the following items: diagnostic approach to children with fever without an apparent source, therapeutic approach to UTIs, the use of kidney and urinary tract ultrasound, and the criteria for hospitalization. A total of 121 (89%) out of 139 of invited units participated in the study. Overall, units manage children with a suspected or confirmed UTI according to available recommendations for most of the items. However, in almost 80% (n = 94) of units, a sterile perineal bag is used to collect urine for culture. When urine is collected by cathether, heterogeneity exists on the threshold of bacterial load considered for UTI diagnosis. Conclusions: Available recommendations on UTIs in children are followed by Italian emergency units for most of the items. However, the methods to collect urine specimens for culture, one of the crucial steps of the diagnostic work-up, often do not align with current recommendations and CFU thresholds considered for diagnosis largely vary among centers. Efforts should be addressed to validate and implement new child and family friendly urine collection techniques.What is Known:• Several guidelines are published on the management of children with suspected or confirmed urinary tract infection.• No data are available on the management of pediatric urinary tract infections in the emergency setting.What is New:• Almost 80% of the Italian emergency units employ a sterile perineal bag to collect urine for culture.• Diagnostic

Published
2022

6. Incidence of hypo- and hyper-capnia in a cross-sectional European cohort of ventilated newborn infants

Author

van Kaam, Anton H, De Jaegere, Anne P, Rimensberger, Peter C, Debeer, A., Chemin, A., Norbert, K., Autret, F., Andreou, A., Kroon, A., Minić, A., Schwindt, J., Brouwers, H., van Reempts, P., Hummler, H., van Veenendaal, M., Sarafidis, K., Lopriore, E., Mosca, F., McCormick, K., Schaible, T., Jaarsma, A., Polimeni, V., Plavka, R., Patkai, J., Moriette, G., Valls, A., Soler, I., Clarke, P., Migliori, C., Hentschel, R., Sigalas, J., Ehlen, M., Fremerey, C., Roujou-Gris, M., Stamatin, M., Mok, Q., Ata, S., Günther, M., Kühr, J., Seitz, U., Vermeulen, M., Knol, R., Le Bouedec, S., Szekessy, D., Wauer, R., Petropoulou, C., Moreno Hernando, J., Jonsson, B., Mulder, T., Sweet, D., Herting, E., Goepel, W., Dimitriou, G., Stuchlíková, H., Baltogianni, M., Santillo, V., Ferrero, F., Arnault, I., Dort, J., Blanc, T., Rocha, G., Guimarães, H., Virella, D., Costa, A., Pedro Frutuoso, S., Biolek, J., Stoicescu, S., Schroth, M., Cirstoveanu, C., de Boode, W., Medbo, S., Müller-Hansen, I., Poets, C., Riedel, T., Palmer, K., Martano, C., Stucin Gantar, I., Biban, P., Chatfield, S., Ghesquiere, J., Theret, B., Samperiz, S., Berger, T., Rigo, V., Balato, A., Gresa Munoz, M., Nunes, A., Molendijk, H., Beuger, S., Puzas, A., Hiedl, S., Genzel-Boroviczeny, O., Anhalt, D., Möller, J., Ingemansson, F., Halbertsma, F., de Cesaris, V., Saarela, T., Karagianni, P., Tsakalidis, C., Tølløfsrud, P., Bougatef, A., Sindelar, R., Wisborg, K., Brink Henriksen, T., Flumini, C., Carnielli, V., Giannuzzo, S., Dussart, A., Brault, D., Samy, M., van Wien, A., Cunha, M., Paulino, E., Schneider, H., Sandvoss, A., Dahlem, P., Koester, B., Olhanger, E., Wentzell, R., Ramos, C., Augusta Areias, M., Verber, I., Presta, G., Magaldi, R., Agostino, R., Lund, O., Ulriksen, J., Steder, U., Faas, D., Jensen, R., Baroutis, G., Gouder de Beauregard, V., Zaharie, G., Eng-Schwartz, A., Heldmann, M., Cezanne, T., Pereira, A., Nelle, M., Uxa, F., Norman, M., Siegel, J., Welsch, M., Schiffmann, H., Haftel, L., Wild, F., Bühr, P., Simma, B., Thirumurugan, A., Mortensen, S., Ciccotti, R., Carli, G., Milligan, D., Gerleve, H., Kumararatne, B., Hakansson, S., OʼDonovan, D., Reiterer, F., Rimensberger, P., Nietsch, L., Nakstad, B., Gancia, P., Swanstrom, S., Maton, P., Cavatorta, E., Tvarijonoviciene, R., Hogan, M., Zinn, P., Freff, M., Reigstad, H., Olariu, G., Gonçalves, G., Escumalha, M., Ornelas, H., Serrano, A., Anderssen, S., Garcia, P., Mendes Da Graça, A., Bender, C., Wald, M., Bohn, M., Schnelke, A., Trips, T., Ladekjaer, J., Thompson, F., Lindberg, E., Frigerio, M., Pederzini, F., De Nisi, G., Saur, G., Losa, M., Toma, A., Matu, E., Eckhardt, S., Bellettato, M., Fahnenstich, H., Hetzel, P., Bland, J., Øglænd, B., Lehtonen, L., Eichler, T., Roth, M., Meberg, A., Kuehn, T., and Emeis, M.

Published
2013
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8. Adherence to guidelines for management of children hospitalized for acute diarrhea

Author

Lo Vecchio, A, Liguoro, I, Bruzzese, D, Scotto, R, Parola, L, Gargantini, G, Guarino, A, Accreditation, Quality Improvement Working Group of Italian Society of Pediatrics Kosova, P, Di Benedetto, L, Gattinara, Gc, Cursi, L, Parmigiani, S, Maddaluno, S, Campa, A, Caroccia, C, Adamoli, P, Forchì, G, Di Bari, C, Daniele, Rm, Saitta, F, Di Fraia, T, Bellettato, M, Meneghini, A, Principi, N, Esposito, S, Borgna, C, Fiumana, E, Zanconato, S, Masiero, S, Paravati, F, Pacenza, C, Cherubini, S, Frasca, D, Siani, P, De Brasi, D, Montrasio, G, Parolo, E, Podestà, Af, Tonella, M, Longhi, R, Ortisi, Mt, Rondanini, G, Calzi, P, Zucchinetti, P, Insolvibile, A, Navone, C, Ventura, F, Parisi, G, Isolato, V, Martemucci, L, D'Avino, P, Vetrano, G, Limongelli, Mg, Icilio, D, Muccioli, R., COLELLA, Maria Grazia, PACE, Maria Caterina, PERRONE, Laura, CAPRISTO, Carlo, Lo Vecchio, A, Liguoro, I, Bruzzese, D, Scotto, R, Parola, L, Gargantini, G, Guarino, A, Accreditation, Quality Improvement Working Group of Italian Society of Pediatrics Kosova, P, Di Benedetto, L, Gattinara, Gc, Cursi, L, Parmigiani, S, Maddaluno, S, Campa, A, Caroccia, C, Adamoli, P, Forchì, G, Di Bari, C, Daniele, Rm, Saitta, F, Di Fraia, T, Bellettato, M, Meneghini, A, Principi, N, Esposito, S, Borgna, C, Fiumana, E, Zanconato, S, Masiero, S, Paravati, F, Pacenza, C, Colella, Maria Grazia, Cherubini, S, Frasca, D, Siani, P, De Brasi, D, Montrasio, G, Parolo, E, Podestà, Af, Tonella, M, Longhi, R, Ortisi, Mt, Rondanini, G, Calzi, P, Zucchinetti, P, Insolvibile, A, Navone, C, Ventura, F, Parisi, G, Isolato, V, Pace, Maria Caterina, Martemucci, L, D'Avino, P, Vetrano, G, Limongelli, Mg, Perrone, Laura, Capristo, Carlo, Icilio, D, Muccioli, R., LO VECCHIO, Andrea, Bruzzese, Dario, and Guarino, Alfredo

Subjects
Diarrhea, Male, Microbiological Techniques, Microbiology (medical), Acute diarrhea, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychological intervention, Guidelines, Health Services Misuse, Hospital, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Medical prescription, Child, Preschool, Antidiarrheals, Prospective cohort study, book, Pediatric gastroenterology, Adherence, Gastroenteritis, Acute Disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Child, Preschool, Feeding Behavior, Female, Guideline Adherence, Hospitalization, Infant, Italy, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Probiotics, business.industry, Hepatology, Antidiarrheal Drugs, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Emergency medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease, book.journal, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The major burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in childhood is related to its high frequency and the large number of hospitalizations, medical consultations, tests and drug prescriptions. The adherence to evidence-based recommendations for AGE management in European countries is unknown. The purpose of the study was to compare hospital medical interventions for children admitted for AGE with recommendations reported in the European Societies of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and Pediatric Infectious Diseases guidelines. METHODS: A multicenter prospective study was conducted in 31 Italian hospitals. Data on children were collected through an online clinical reporting form and compared with European Societies of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and Pediatric Infectious Diseases guidelines for AGE. The main outcomes were the inappropriate hospital admissions and the percentage of compliance to the guidelines (full >90%, partial >80% compliance) based on the number and type of violations to evidence-based recommendations. RESULTS: Six-hundred and twelve children (53.6% male, mean age 22.8 ± 15.4 months) hospitalized for AGE were enrolled. Many hospital admissions (346/602, 57.5%) were inappropriate. Once admitted, 20.6% (126/612) of children were managed in full compliance with the guidelines and 44.7% (274/612) were managed in partial compliance. The most common violations were requests for microbiologic tests (404; 35.8%), diet changes (310; 27.6%) and the prescription of non-recommended probiotics (161; 14.2%), antibiotics (103; 9.2%) and antidiarrheal drugs (7; 0.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Inappropriate hospital admissions and medical interventions are still common in the management of children with AGE in Italy. Implementation of guidelines recommendations is needed to improve quality of care

Published
2014

9. Photovoltaic-Performance-Enhancing Patch with Combined Light Trapping and Spectral Upconverting Effect

Author

Desta, D., Eriksen, E., Bellettato, M., Rizzoli, R., Summonte, C., Jeppesen, B.R., Jensen, P.B., Madsen, S.P., Nylandsted Larsen, A., Balling, P., and Ram, S.K.

Subjects
New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules, New Materials and Concepts for Cells
Abstract

32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 66-68, In this article, we demonstrate a patch, which contains upconverting crystals of Gd2O2S:Yb3+, Er3+ mixed with a UV curable gel, integrated with a textured back-reflector that can be externally affixed to a bifacial thin-film silicon solar cell. The patch serves to provide the benefit of light trapping as well as spectrum upconversion to the solar cell fabricated on a flat substrate. Upconverting patches with different textures were studied for their effectiveness in enhancing the short-circuit current density of the solar cell and for the relationship between the current enhancement and the intensity of the incident light. The upconverting patch is shown to enhance the solar cell performance and offers a new stick-on technique to apply upconversion-based strategies to existing solar cells. The photogenerated short-circuit current densities of the solar cell show a power-law dependence on the illuminated laser light intensity when an upconverter patch is attached to the solar cell (exponent 1.5-1.6) while a linear dependence is observed for the solar cell without the upconverter patch.

Published
2016
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10. Work environment, volume of activity and staffing in neonatal intensive care units in Italy: results of the SONAR-nurse study

Author

Corchia, C, Fanelli, S, Gagliardi, L, Bellù, R, Zangrandi, A, Persico, A, Zanini, R, SONAR-Nurse Study Group including Bellù, R, Bertino, E, Casati, M, Cazzaniga, A, Plevani, L, Mosca, F, Baracchetti, R, Villa, E, Tandoi, F, Boccacci, S, Martinelli, S, Coscia, P, Poggiani, C, Ferrari, D, Barera, G, Poloniato, A, Ruggeri, V, Burgio, G, Carrera, G, D'Alterio, R, Merazzi, D, Lomazzi, M, Coscia, A, Borgione, S, Anselmo, C, Galletto, P, Gancia, Gp, Parola, A, Sabatini, M, Gazzolo, D, Carli, G, Filippone, M, Lago, P, Heun, N, Visentin, S, Bertolini, A, Padovani, Em, Bellettato, M, Gasparin, B, Serra, A, Santuz, P, Ellero, S, Fantini, M, Contiero, Rm, Gallo, C, Mammoliti, Pm, Ancora, G, Faldella, G, Sandri, F, Stella, M, Biasini, A, Fioravanti, L, Dessì, S, Sigali, E, Vuerich, M, Cacciavellani, R, Bragetti, P, De Curtis, M, Lucchini, R, Parente, G, Massenzi, L, Calibita, G, Haass, C, Scapillati, E, Pietro, S, Dotta, A, D'Agostino, G, Picone, S, Messina, F, Napolitano, M, Salvia, G, Moschella, S, Orfeo, L, Chello, G, Carpentieri, M, Vacchiano, T, Vetrano, G, Rabuano, R, Simonetti, Dm, Quartulli, L, Rinaldi, M, Magaldi, R, Presta, G, Greco, F, Forziati, V, Acito, A, Gatta, A, Quitadamo, P, Rotondo, S, Laforgia, N, Grassi, A, Del Cuore, F, Lucente, M, Costabile, Cd, Nicolò, A, Arco, A, Marseglia, L, Pinna, G, Rosella, V, Giuffrè, M, Marchesano, G, Inferiore, N, Corso, G, Cannuscio, A, Gargano, G, Pedoni, S, Poloni, G, Di Leo, L, Crescenzi, F, Celi, F, Betta, P, Carlo Corchia, Simone Fanelli, Luigi Gagliardi, Roberto Bellù, Antonello Zangrandi, Anna Persico, Rinaldo Zanini, SONAR-Nurse Study GroupCorchia [.., Giacomo Faldella, ], Corchia, C., Fanelli, S., Gagliardi, L., Bellù, R., Zangrandi, A., Persico, A., Zanini, R., Giuffre, M., and SONAR-Nurse Study Group

Subjects
Cross-sectional study, Staffing, Workload, Critical Care Nursing, Pediatrics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, Nursing, 030225 pediatrics, Intensive care, Critical care nursing, Surveys and Questionnaires, Neonatal, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Medicine, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaire, 030212 general & internal medicine, Location, Workplace, Cross-Sectional Studie, business.industry, Research, Nurse-Patient Relation, Infant, Newborn, Patient Acuity, Infant, Perinatology and Child Health, Newborn, Nurse-Patient Relations, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Pediatric Nursing, Intensive Care Units, Workforce, Intensive care units, Nurse-patient relations, Patient acuity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Pediatric nursing, business, Human
Abstract

Background Neonatal units’ volume of activity, and other quantitative and qualitative variables, such as staffing, workload, work environment, care organization and geographical location, may influence the outcome of high risk newborns. Data about the distribution of these variables and their relationships among Italian neonatal units are lacking. Methods Between March 2010-April 2011, 63 neonatal intensive care units adhering to the Italian Neonatal Network participated in the SONAR Nurse study. Their main features and work environment were investigated by questionnaires compiled by the chief and by physicians and nurses of each unit. Twelve cross-sectional monthly-repeated surveys on different shifts were performed, collecting data on number of nurses on duty and number and acuity of hospitalized infants. Results Six hundred forty five physicians and 1601 nurses compiled the questionnaires. In the cross-sectional surveys 702 reports were collected, with 11082 infant and 3226 nurse data points. A high variability was found for units’ size (4–50 total beds), daily number of patients (median 14.5, range 3.4-48.7), number of nurses per shift (median 4.2, range 0.7-10.8) and number of team meetings per month. Northern regions performed better than Central and Southern regions for frequency of training meetings, qualitative assessment of performance, motivation within the unit and nursing work environment; mean physicians’ and nurses’ age increased moving from North to South. After stratification by terciles of the mean daily number of patients, the median number of nurses per shift increased at increasing volume of activity, while the opposite was found for the nurse-to-patient ratio adjusted by patients’ acuity. On average, in units belonging to the lower tercile there was 1 nurse every 2.5 patients, while in those belonging to the higher tercile the ratio was 1 nurse every 5 patients. Conclusions In Italy, there is a high variability in organizational characteristics and work environment among neonatal units and an uneven distribution of human resources in relation to volume of activity, suggesting that the larger the unit the greater the workload for each nurse. Urgent modifications in planning and organization of services are needed in order to pursue more efficient, homogeneous and integrated regionalized neonatal care systems.

Published
2016

14. Silicon nanocrystals from high-temperature annealing: Characterization on device level

Author

Löper, P., Canino, M., Lopez-Vidrier, J., Schnabel, M., Schindler, F., Heinz, F., Witzky, A., Bellettato, M., Allegrezza, M., Hiller, D., Hartel, A., Gutsch, S., Hernandez, S., Guerra, R., Ossicini, S., Garrido, B., Janz, S., Zacharias, M., and Publica

Subjects
Silicium-Photovoltaik, Farbstoff, Herstellung und Analyse von hocheffizienten Solarzellen, Organische und Neuartige Solarzellen, Industrielle und neuartige Solarzellenstrukturen, Tandemsolarzellen auf kristallinem Silicium, Solarzellen - Entwicklung und Charakterisierung
Abstract

Silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) embedded in Si-based dielectrics provide a Si-based high band gap material (1.7 eV) and enable the construction of all-crystalline Si tandem solar cells. However, Si nanocrystal formation involves high-temperature annealing which deteriorates the properties of any previously established selective contacts. The inter-diffusion of dopants during high-temperature annealing alters Si NC formation and limits the built-in voltage. Furthermore, most devices presented so far also involve electrically active bulk Si and therefore do not allow a clear separation of the observed photovoltaic effect of the nanocrystal layer from that of the bulk Si substrate. A membrane route is presented for nanocrystal based p-i-n solar cells to overcome these limitations. In this approach, the formation of both selective contacts is carried out after high-temperature annealing and therefore not affected by the latter. P-i-n Solar cells are investigated with Si NCs embedded in silicon carbide in the intrinsic region. Device failure due to damaged insulation layers is analyzed by electron- and light beam induced current measurements. Open-circuit voltages of 176 mV are shown for the NC layer. An optical model of the device is presented for improving the cell current. Comparison of the optical limit and the measured short circuit current demonstrates that the device is governed by recombination within the absorber layer.

Published
2013

15. Silicon quantum dots in photovoltaic devices: device fabrication, characterization and comparison of materials

Author

Löper, P., Canino, M., López-Vidrier, J., Schnabel, M., Witzky, A., Bellettato, M., Allegrezza, M., Hiller, D., Hartel, A., Gutsch, S., Hernández, S., Guerra, R., Ossicini, S., Garrido, B., Janz, S., and Zacharias, M.

Subjects
Photovoltaics, Silicon Nanostructures, Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency, New Materials, Cells and Modules, Silicon Nanostructures, Photovoltaics
Abstract

27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 35-40, Silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) embedded in Si-based dielectrics provide a Si-based high band gap material (1.7 eV) and enable the construction of all-crystalline Si tandem solar cells. However, Si nanocrystal formation involves high-temperature annealing which deteriorates the properties of any previously established selective contacts. The inter-diffusion of dopants during high-temperature annealing alters Si NC formation and limits the built-in voltage. Furthermore, most devices presented so far also involve electrically active bulk Si and therefore do not allow a clear separation of the observed photovoltaic effect of the quantum dot layer from that of the bulk Si substrate. A membrane route is presented for quantum dot based p-i-n solar cells to overcome these limitations. In this approach, the formation of both selective contacts is carried out after high-temperature annealing and therefore not affected by the latter. P-i-n solar cells are investigated with Si NCs embedded in silicon carbide in the intrinsic region. Open-circuit voltages of up to 370 mV are shown for the NC layer. An optical model of the device is presented for improving the cell current. Finally device failure due to damaged insulation layers is analysed by electron beam induced current measurements.

Published
2012

18. Electrical and optical characterisation of silicon nanocrystals embedded in SiC

Author

Schnabel, M., Löper, P., Canino, M., Dyakov, Sergey A., Allegrezza, M., Bellettato, M., López-Vidrier, J., Hernández, S., Summonte, C., Garrido, B., Wilshaw, P. R., Janz, S., Schnabel, M., Löper, P., Canino, M., Dyakov, Sergey A., Allegrezza, M., Bellettato, M., López-Vidrier, J., Hernández, S., Summonte, C., Garrido, B., Wilshaw, P. R., and Janz, S.

Abstract

Silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) are a promising candidate for the top cell of an all-Si tandem solar cell with a band gap from 1.3-1.7 eV, tuneable by adjusting NC size. They are readily produced within a Si-based dielectric matrix by precipitation from the Si excess in multilayers of alternating stoichiometric and silicon-rich layers. Here we examined the luminescence and transport of Si NCs embedded in SiC. We observed luminescence that redshifts from 2.0 to 1.5 eV with increasing nominal NC size. Upon further investigation, we found that this redshift is to a large extent due to Fabry-Pérot interference. Correction for this effect allows an analysis of the spectrum emitted from within the sample. We also produced p-i-n solar cells and found that the observed I-V curves under illumination could be well-fitted by typical thin-film solar cell models including finite series and parallel resistances, and a voltage-dependent current collection function. A minority carrier mobility-lifetime product on the order of 10-10 cm2/V was deduced, and a maximum open-circuit voltage of 370 mV achieved., QC 20140522

Published
2014
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19. Silicon nanocrystals in carbide matrix

Author

Summonte, C., primary, Allegrezza, M., additional, Bellettato, M., additional, Liscio, F., additional, Canino, M., additional, Desalvo, A., additional, López-Vidrier, J., additional, Hernández, S., additional, López-Conesa, L., additional, Estradé, S., additional, Peiró, F., additional, Garrido, B., additional, Löper, P., additional, Schnabel, M., additional, Janz, S., additional, Guerra, R., additional, and Ossicini, S., additional

Published
2014
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21. Italian cancer figures, report 2012: Cancer in children and adolescents

Author

Pisani, P, Buzzoni, C, Crocetti, E, Maso, L, Rondelli, R, Alessi, D, Aricò, M, Bidoli, E, Ferrari, A, Fusco, M, Gatta, G, Guzzinati, S, Jankovic, M, Locatelli, F, Maule, M, Mosso, M, Pastore, G, Pession, A, Rashid, I, Sacerdote, C, Terracini, B, Tognazzo, S, Trama, A, Ferretti, S, Porta, F, Mazzoleni, G, Tschugguel, B, De Valiere, E, Facchinelli, G, Falk, M, Cappello, T, Giacomin, A, Vercellino, P, Andreone, S, Marzola, L, Migliari, E, Carletti, N, Nenci, I, Caldarella, A, Corbinelli, A, Intrieri, T, Manneschi, G, Nemcova, L, Ocello, C, Sacchettini, C, Zappa, M, Paci, E, Serraino, D, Angelin, T, Birri, S, De Dottori, M, De Santis, E, Forgiarini, O, Zucchetto, A, Zanier, L, Vercelli, M, Orengo, M, Casella, C, Marani, E, Puppo, A, Celesia, M, Cogno, R, Levrieri, I, Manenti, S, Garrone, E, Quaglia, A, Pannozzo, F, Busco, S, Ramazzotti, V, Cercato, M, Battisti, W, Sperduti, I, Macci, L, Bugliarello, E, Valerio, O, Bernazza, E, Tamburo, L, Rossi, M, Curatella, S, Tamburrino, S, Fattoruso, S, Bisanti, L, Autelitano, M, Cuccaro, F, Randi, G, Ghilardi, S, Leone, R, Filipazzi, L, Bonini, A, Giubelli, C, Federico, M, Artioli, M, Valla, K, Braghiroli, B, Cirilli, C, Luminari, S, Pirani, M, Ferrari, L, Bellatalla, C, Panico, M, Perrotta, C, Vassante, B, Vitale, M, Michiara, M, Bozzani, F, Sgargi, P, Tumino, R, Rosa, M, Cascone, G, Frasca, G, Giurdanella, M, Martorana, C, Morana, G, Nicita, C, Rollo, P, Ruggeri, M, Sigona, A, Spata, E, Vacirca, S, Mangone, L, Di Felice, E, Pezzarossi, A, Caroli, S, Pellegri, C, Vicentini, M, D'Angelo, S, Balottari, P, Romagna, R, Falcini, F, Colamartini, A, Bucchi, L, Balducci, C, Ravegnani, M, Vitali, B, Cordaro, C, Caprara, L, Giuliani, O, Giorgetti, S, Palumbo, M, Vattiato, R, Ravaioli, A, Mancini, S, Tonelli, C, Amadori, M, Cremone, L, Iannelli, A, Senatore, G, Zevola, A, Sechi, O, Budroni, M, Cesaraccio, R, Pirino, D, Carboni, D, Fiori, G, Soddu, M, Mameli, G, Mura, F, Contrino, M, Madeddu, A, Tisano, F, Sciacca, S, Muni, A, Mizzi, M, Russo, M, Sacco, G, Aletta, P, Ziino, A, Tessandori, R, Fanetti, A, Maspero, S, Cecconami, L, Annulli, M, Moroni, E, Gonzalez, M, Zanetti, R, Rosso, S, Patriarca, S, Prandi, R, Sobrato, I, Gilardi, F, Busso, P, Piffer, S, Rizzello, R, Gentilini, M, Cappelletti, M, Rosa, F, Stracci, F, D'Alò, D, Scheibel, M, Costarelli, D, Spano, F, Rossini, S, Santucci, C, Petrinelli, A, Solimene, C, Bianconi, F, Brunori, V, Crosignani, P, Tagliabue, G, Contiero, P, Preto, L, Tittarelli, A, Maghini, A, Codazzi, T, Frassoldi, E, Gada, D, Costa, E, Grazia, L, Zambon, P, Baracco, M, Bovo, E, Cin, A, Fiore, A, Greco, A, Monetti, D, Rosano, A, Stocco, C, Donato, F, Limina, R, Adorni, A, Andreis, P, Zani, G, Piovani, F, Salvi, O, Puleio, M, Vitarelli, S, Candela, G, Pappalardo, G, Scuderi, T, Lottero, B, Ribaudo, M, Ricci, P, Guarda, L, Gatti, L, Bozzeda, A, Dall'Acqua, M, Pironi, V, Sardo, A, Mazzei, A, Sirianni, N, Lavecchia, A, Mancuso, P, Vitale, F, Cusimano, R, Amodio, R, Guttadauro, A, Ravazzolo, B, Bucalo, G, Trapani, C, Sunseri, R, Cascio, M, Brucculeri, M, Adamo, M, Mannino, R, Mistretta, A, Costa, A, Rudisi, G, Gola, G, Corti, M, Prosperini, E, Grandi, L, Sciacchitano, S, Fidelbo, M, Benedetto, G, Vasquez, E, Torrisi, A, Pesce, P, Calabretta, L, Bella, F, Leone, A, Ieni, A, Varvarà, M, Castaing, M, Di Prima, A, Benedetto, A, Paderni, F, Usala, M, Pala, F, Sini, G, Pintori, N, Canu, L, Demurtas, G, Doa, N, Lazzarato, F, Magnani, C, Merletti, F, Sarcerdote, C, Macerata, V, de Leon, M, Domati, F, Rossi, G, Goldoni, C, Rossi, F, De Gaetani, C, Benatti, P, Roncucci, L, Di Gregorio, C, Pedroni, M, Pezzi, A, Maffei, S, Mariani, F, Borsi, E, Cocchioni, M, Pascucci, C, Gennaro, V, Lazzarotto, A, Benfatto, L, Mazzucco, G, Montanaro, F, Traina, A, Carruba, G, Dolcemascolo, C, Staiti, R, Zarcone, M, Bisogno, G, Cuttini, M, De Rosa, M, Haupt, R, Soresina, A, Valsecchi, M, Fagioli, F, Bona, G, Dini, G, Conter, V, Biondi, A, Zecca, M, Fedeli, F, Massimino, M, Nespoli, L, Roncarolo, M, Basso, G, Cesaro, S, Memo, L, Bellettato, M, Tamaro, P, Mascarin, M, Rosolen, A, Izzi, G, Paolucci, P, Borgna Pignatti, C, Vecchi, V, Abate, M, D'Ambrosio, A, Favre, C, Caniglia, M, Pierani, P, Felici, L, Visani, G, Fioritoni, G, Foà, R, Riccardi, R, Frega, G, Clerico, A, Casale, F, Poggi, V, Amendola, G, Filosa, A, Ladogana, S, Presta, G, Tornesello, A, De Mattia, D, Consarino, C, Nobile, F, Sperlì, D, D'Angelo, P, Marino, S, Cosmi, C, Mura, R, Battisti, L, Maso, LD, Mosso, ML, Cappello, TD, Vercellino, PC, Orengo, MA, Celesia, MV, Cercato, MC, Artioli, ME, Vitale, MF, Rosa, MG, Giurdanella, MC, Rollo, PC, Ruggeri, MG, Romagna, Rt, Contrino, ML, Ziino, AC, Fanetti, AC, Annulli, ML, Gonzalez, ME, Gentilini, MA, Rosa, FL, Petrinelli, AM, Grazia, Ld, Cin, AD, Fiore, AR, Limina, RM, Sardo, AS, Lavecchia, AM, Cascio, MA, Brucculeri, MA, Adamo, MS, Sini, GM, de Leon, MP, Goldoni, CA, VALSECCHI, MARIA GRAZIA, BIONDI, ANDREA, Roncarolo, MG, Abate, ME, Mura, RM, Battisti, L., Pisani, P, Buzzoni, C, Crocetti, E, Maso, L, Rondelli, R, Alessi, D, Aricò, M, Bidoli, E, Ferrari, A, Fusco, M, Gatta, G, Guzzinati, S, Jankovic, M, Locatelli, F, Maule, M, Mosso, M, Pastore, G, Pession, A, Rashid, I, Sacerdote, C, Terracini, B, Tognazzo, S, Trama, A, Ferretti, S, Porta, F, Mazzoleni, G, Tschugguel, B, De Valiere, E, Facchinelli, G, Falk, M, Cappello, T, Giacomin, A, Vercellino, P, Andreone, S, Marzola, L, Migliari, E, Carletti, N, Nenci, I, Caldarella, A, Corbinelli, A, Intrieri, T, Manneschi, G, Nemcova, L, Ocello, C, Sacchettini, C, Zappa, M, Paci, E, Serraino, D, Angelin, T, Birri, S, De Dottori, M, De Santis, E, Forgiarini, O, Zucchetto, A, Zanier, L, Vercelli, M, Orengo, M, Casella, C, Marani, E, Puppo, A, Celesia, M, Cogno, R, Levrieri, I, Manenti, S, Garrone, E, Quaglia, A, Pannozzo, F, Busco, S, Ramazzotti, V, Cercato, M, Battisti, W, Sperduti, I, Macci, L, Bugliarello, E, Valerio, O, Bernazza, E, Tamburo, L, Rossi, M, Curatella, S, Tamburrino, S, Fattoruso, S, Bisanti, L, Autelitano, M, Cuccaro, F, Randi, G, Ghilardi, S, Leone, R, Filipazzi, L, Bonini, A, Giubelli, C, Federico, M, Artioli, M, Valla, K, Braghiroli, B, Cirilli, C, Luminari, S, Pirani, M, Ferrari, L, Bellatalla, C, Panico, M, Perrotta, C, Vassante, B, Vitale, M, Michiara, M, Bozzani, F, Sgargi, P, Tumino, R, Rosa, M, Cascone, G, Frasca, G, Giurdanella, M, Martorana, C, Morana, G, Nicita, C, Rollo, P, Ruggeri, M, Sigona, A, Spata, E, Vacirca, S, Mangone, L, Di Felice, E, Pezzarossi, A, Caroli, S, Pellegri, C, Vicentini, M, D'Angelo, S, Balottari, P, Romagna, R, Falcini, F, Colamartini, A, Bucchi, L, Balducci, C, Ravegnani, M, Vitali, B, Cordaro, C, Caprara, L, Giuliani, O, Giorgetti, S, Palumbo, M, Vattiato, R, Ravaioli, A, Mancini, S, Tonelli, C, Amadori, M, Cremone, L, Iannelli, A, Senatore, G, Zevola, A, Sechi, O, Budroni, M, Cesaraccio, R, Pirino, D, Carboni, D, Fiori, G, Soddu, M, Mameli, G, Mura, F, Contrino, M, Madeddu, A, Tisano, F, Sciacca, S, Muni, A, Mizzi, M, Russo, M, Sacco, G, Aletta, P, Ziino, A, Tessandori, R, Fanetti, A, Maspero, S, Cecconami, L, Annulli, M, Moroni, E, Gonzalez, M, Zanetti, R, Rosso, S, Patriarca, S, Prandi, R, Sobrato, I, Gilardi, F, Busso, P, Piffer, S, Rizzello, R, Gentilini, M, Cappelletti, M, Rosa, F, Stracci, F, D'Alò, D, Scheibel, M, Costarelli, D, Spano, F, Rossini, S, Santucci, C, Petrinelli, A, Solimene, C, Bianconi, F, Brunori, V, Crosignani, P, Tagliabue, G, Contiero, P, Preto, L, Tittarelli, A, Maghini, A, Codazzi, T, Frassoldi, E, Gada, D, Costa, E, Grazia, L, Zambon, P, Baracco, M, Bovo, E, Cin, A, Fiore, A, Greco, A, Monetti, D, Rosano, A, Stocco, C, Donato, F, Limina, R, Adorni, A, Andreis, P, Zani, G, Piovani, F, Salvi, O, Puleio, M, Vitarelli, S, Candela, G, Pappalardo, G, Scuderi, T, Lottero, B, Ribaudo, M, Ricci, P, Guarda, L, Gatti, L, Bozzeda, A, Dall'Acqua, M, Pironi, V, Sardo, A, Mazzei, A, Sirianni, N, Lavecchia, A, Mancuso, P, Vitale, F, Cusimano, R, Amodio, R, Guttadauro, A, Ravazzolo, B, Bucalo, G, Trapani, C, Sunseri, R, Cascio, M, Brucculeri, M, Adamo, M, Mannino, R, Mistretta, A, Costa, A, Rudisi, G, Gola, G, Corti, M, Prosperini, E, Grandi, L, Sciacchitano, S, Fidelbo, M, Benedetto, G, Vasquez, E, Torrisi, A, Pesce, P, Calabretta, L, Bella, F, Leone, A, Ieni, A, Varvarà, M, Castaing, M, Di Prima, A, Benedetto, A, Paderni, F, Usala, M, Pala, F, Sini, G, Pintori, N, Canu, L, Demurtas, G, Doa, N, Lazzarato, F, Magnani, C, Merletti, F, Sarcerdote, C, Macerata, V, de Leon, M, Domati, F, Rossi, G, Goldoni, C, Rossi, F, De Gaetani, C, Benatti, P, Roncucci, L, Di Gregorio, C, Pedroni, M, Pezzi, A, Maffei, S, Mariani, F, Borsi, E, Cocchioni, M, Pascucci, C, Gennaro, V, Lazzarotto, A, Benfatto, L, Mazzucco, G, Montanaro, F, Traina, A, Carruba, G, Dolcemascolo, C, Staiti, R, Zarcone, M, Bisogno, G, Cuttini, M, De Rosa, M, Haupt, R, Soresina, A, Valsecchi, M, Fagioli, F, Bona, G, Dini, G, Conter, V, Biondi, A, Zecca, M, Fedeli, F, Massimino, M, Nespoli, L, Roncarolo, M, Basso, G, Cesaro, S, Memo, L, Bellettato, M, Tamaro, P, Mascarin, M, Rosolen, A, Izzi, G, Paolucci, P, Borgna Pignatti, C, Vecchi, V, Abate, M, D'Ambrosio, A, Favre, C, Caniglia, M, Pierani, P, Felici, L, Visani, G, Fioritoni, G, Foà, R, Riccardi, R, Frega, G, Clerico, A, Casale, F, Poggi, V, Amendola, G, Filosa, A, Ladogana, S, Presta, G, Tornesello, A, De Mattia, D, Consarino, C, Nobile, F, Sperlì, D, D'Angelo, P, Marino, S, Cosmi, C, Mura, R, Battisti, L, Maso, LD, Mosso, ML, Cappello, TD, Vercellino, PC, Orengo, MA, Celesia, MV, Cercato, MC, Artioli, ME, Vitale, MF, Rosa, MG, Giurdanella, MC, Rollo, PC, Ruggeri, MG, Romagna, Rt, Contrino, ML, Ziino, AC, Fanetti, AC, Annulli, ML, Gonzalez, ME, Gentilini, MA, Rosa, FL, Petrinelli, AM, Grazia, Ld, Cin, AD, Fiore, AR, Limina, RM, Sardo, AS, Lavecchia, AM, Cascio, MA, Brucculeri, MA, Adamo, MS, Sini, GM, de Leon, MP, Goldoni, CA, VALSECCHI, MARIA GRAZIA, BIONDI, ANDREA, Roncarolo, MG, Abate, ME, Mura, RM, and Battisti, L.

Abstract

This study describes up-to-date cancer incidence and survival in Italian paediatric and adolescent patients, based on data collected by the network of Italian cancer registries (AIRTUM). It updates the monograph published on the same topic in 2008. The main objective of this monograph is to present the statistics according to standard rigorous epidemiological methods and disseminate them to a wide range of readers, including the lay public. Given the deep impact of the 2008 monograph on the general public, in this update we complement descriptive statistics with additional data and commentaries on issues of importance for public health, in order to provide unambiguous criteria on how to interpret the statistics. The study is the result of the collaboration between AIRTUM and AIEOP (Italian Association of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology) with contributions from interested parties, including representatives of parent associations. The monograph is divided into three parts. The first part presents incidence rates, survival probabilities, and time trends, by sex, age, geographical area, and cancer site or type, by means of tables and graphs as in the previous monograph, to facilitate direct comparisons. Four articles summarize and comment the results. The second part uses data from AIRTUM and AIEOP to outline patient management and health care issues; it includes estimates of the number of new cases in the next decade and of young adults living after a paediatric cancer diagnosis. Health organizational aspects of treatment services for paediatric patients, based on the AIEOP database, are also discussed, along with long-term complications in cured patients. The third section describes the changes in mortality trends due to improving therapies and healthcare services, and discusses risk factors and prevention of childhood cancer, late adverse events in cured patients, and other related issues.

Published
2013

25. Italian cancer figures, report 2012: Cancer in children and adolescents

Author

Pisani, P, Buzzoni, C, Crocetti, E, Maso, Ld, Rondelli, R, Alessi, D, Aricò, M, Bidoli, E, Ferrari, A, Fusco, M, Gatta, G, Guzzinati, S, Jankovic, M, Locatelli, F, Maule, M, Mosso, Ml, Pastore, G, Pession, A, Rashid, I, Sacerdote, C, Terracini, B, Tognazzo, S, Trama, A, Ferretti, S, Porta, F, Mazzoleni, G, Tschugguel, B, De Valiere, E, Facchinelli, G, Falk, M, Cappello, Td, Giacomin, A, Vercellino, Pc, Andreone, S, Marzola, L, Migliari, E, Carletti, N, Nenci, I, Caldarella, A, Corbinelli, A, Intrieri, T, Manneschi, G, Nemcova, L, Ocello, C, Sacchettini, C, Zappa, M, Paci, E, Serraino, D, Angelin, T, Birri, S, De Dottori, M, De Santis, E, Forgiarini, O, Zucchetto, A, Zanier, L, Vercelli, M, Orengo, Ma, Casella, C, Marani, E, Puppo, A, Celesia, Mv, Cogno, R, Levrieri, I, Manenti, S, Garrone, E, Quaglia, A, Pannozzo, F, Busco, S, Ramazzotti, V, Cercato, Mc, Battisti, W, Sperduti, I, Macci, L, Bugliarello, E, Valerio, O, Bernazza, E, Tamburo, L, Rossi, M, Curatella, S, Tamburrino, S, Fattoruso, S, Bisanti, L, Autelitano, M, Cuccaro, F, Randi, G, Ghilardi, S, Leone, R, Filipazzi, L, Bonini, A, Giubelli, C, Federico, M, Artioli, Me, Valla, K, Braghiroli, B, Cirilli, C, Luminari, S, Pirani, M, Ferrari, L, Bellatalla, C, Panico, M, Perrotta, C, Vassante, B, Vitale, Mf, Michiara, M, Bozzani, F, Sgargi, P, Tumino, R, Rosa, Mg, Cascone, G, Frasca, G, Giurdanella, Mc, Martorana, C, Morana, G, Nicita, C, Rollo, Pc, Ruggeri, Mg, Sigona, A, Spata, E, Vacirca, S, Mangone, L, Di Felice, E, Pezzarossi, A, Caroli, S, Pellegri, C, Vicentini, M, D'Angelo, S, Balottari, P, Romagna, Rt, Falcini, F, Colamartini, A, Bucchi, L, Balducci, C, Ravegnani, M, Vitali, B, Cordaro, C, Caprara, L, Giuliani, O, Giorgetti, S, Palumbo, M, Vattiato, R, Ravaioli, A, Mancini, S, Tonelli, C, Amadori, M, Cremone, L, Iannelli, A, Senatore, G, Zevola, A, Sechi, O, Budroni, M, Cesaraccio, R, Pirino, D, Carboni, D, Fiori, G, Soddu, M, Mameli, G, Mura, F, Contrino, Ml, Madeddu, A, Tisano, F, Sciacca, S, Muni, A, Mizzi, M, Russo, M, Sacco, G, Aletta, P, Ziino, Ac, Tessandori, R, Fanetti, Ac, Maspero, S, Cecconami, L, Annulli, Ml, Moroni, E, Gonzalez, Me, Zanetti, R, Rosso, S, Patriarca, S, Prandi, R, Sobrato, I, Gilardi, F, Busso, P, Piffer, S, Rizzello, R, Gentilini, Ma, Cappelletti, M, Rosa, Fl, Stracci, F, D'Alò, D, Scheibel, M, Costarelli, D, Spano, F, Rossini, S, Santucci, C, Petrinelli, Am, Solimene, C, Bianconi, F, Brunori, V, Crosignani, P, Tagliabue, G, Contiero, P, Preto, L, Tittarelli, A, Maghini, A, Codazzi, T, Frassoldi, E, Gada, D, Costa, E, Grazia, Ld, Zambon, P, Baracco, M, Bovo, E, Cin, Ad, Fiore, Ar, Greco, A, Monetti, D, Rosano, A, Stocco, C, Donato, F, Limina, Rm, Adorni, A, Andreis, P, Zani, G, Piovani, F, Salvi, O, Puleio, M, Vitarelli, S, Candela, G, Pappalardo, G, Scuderi, T, Lottero, B, Ribaudo, M, Ricci, P, Guarda, L, Gatti, L, Bozzeda, A, Dall'Acqua, M, Pironi, V, Sardo, As, Mazzei, A, Sirianni, N, Lavecchia, Am, Mancuso, P, Vitale, F, Cusimano, R, Amodio, R, Guttadauro, A, Ravazzolo, B, Bucalo, G, Trapani, C, Sunseri, R, Cascio, Ma, Brucculeri, Ma, Adamo, Ms, Mannino, R, Mistretta, A, Costa, A, Rudisi, G, Gola, G, Corti, M, Prosperini, E, Grandi, L, Sciacchitano, S, Fidelbo, M, Benedetto, G, Vasquez, E, Torrisi, A, Pesce, P, Calabretta, L, Bella, F, Leone, A, Ieni, A, Varvarà, M, Castaing, M, Di Prima, A, Benedetto, A, Paderni, F, Usala, M, Pala, F, Sini, Gm, Pintori, N, Canu, L, Demurtas, G, Doa, N, Lazzarato, F, Magnani, C, Merletti, F, Sarcerdote, C, Macerata, V, de Leon MP, Domati, F, Rossi, G, Goldoni, Ca, Rossi, F, De Gaetani, C, Benatti, P, Roncucci, L, Di Gregorio, C, Pedroni, M, Pezzi, A, Maffei, S, Mariani, F, Borsi, E, Cocchioni, M, Pascucci, C, Gennaro, V, Lazzarotto, A, Benfatto, L, Mazzucco, G, Montanaro, F, Traina, A, Carruba, G, Dolcemascolo, C, Staiti, R, Zarcone, M, Bisogno, G, Cuttini, M, De Rosa, M, Haupt, R, Soresina, A, Valsecchi, Mg, Fagioli, F, Bona, G, Dini, G, Conter, V, Biondi, A, Zecca, M, Fedeli, F, Massimino, M, Nespoli, L, Roncarolo, Mg, Basso, G, Cesaro, S, Memo, L, Bellettato, M, Tamaro, Paolo, Mascarin, M, Rosolen, A, Izzi, G, Paolucci, P, Borgna Pignatti, C, Vecchi, V, Abate, Me, D'Ambrosio, A, Favre, C, Caniglia, M, Pierani, P, Felici, L, Visani, G, Fioritoni, G, Foà, R, Riccardi, R, Frega, G, Clerico, A, Casale, F, Poggi, V, Amendola, G, Filosa, A, Ladogana, S, Presta, G, Tornesello, A, De Mattia, D, Consarino, C, Nobile, F, Sperlì, D, D'Angelo, P, Marino, S, Cosmi, C, Mura, Rm, Battisti, L., Pisani, P, Buzzoni, C, Crocetti, E, Maso, Ld, Rondelli, R, Alessi, D, Aricò, M, Bidoli, E, Ferrari, A, Fusco, M, Gatta, G, Guzzinati, S, Jankovic, M, Locatelli, F, Maule, M, Mosso, Ml, Pastore, G, Pession, A, Rashid, I, Sacerdote, C, Terracini, B, Tognazzo, S, Trama, A, Ferretti, S, Porta, F, Mazzoleni, G, Tschugguel, B, De Valiere, E, Facchinelli, G, Falk, M, Cappello, Td, Giacomin, A, Vercellino, Pc, Andreone, S, Marzola, L, Migliari, E, Carletti, N, Nenci, I, Caldarella, A, Corbinelli, A, Intrieri, T, Manneschi, G, Nemcova, L, Ocello, C, Sacchettini, C, Zappa, M, Paci, E, Serraino, D, Angelin, T, Birri, S, De Dottori, M, De Santis, E, Forgiarini, O, Zucchetto, A, Zanier, L, Vercelli, M, Orengo, Ma, Casella, C, Marani, E, Puppo, A, Celesia, Mv, Cogno, R, Levrieri, I, Manenti, S, Garrone, E, Quaglia, A, Pannozzo, F, Busco, S, Ramazzotti, V, Cercato, Mc, Battisti, W, Sperduti, I, Macci, L, Bugliarello, E, Valerio, O, Bernazza, E, Tamburo, L, Rossi, M, Curatella, S, Tamburrino, S, Fattoruso, S, Bisanti, L, Autelitano, M, Cuccaro, F, Randi, G, Ghilardi, S, Leone, R, Filipazzi, L, Bonini, A, Giubelli, C, Federico, M, Artioli, Me, Valla, K, Braghiroli, B, Cirilli, C, Luminari, S, Pirani, M, Ferrari, L, Bellatalla, C, Panico, M, Perrotta, C, Vassante, B, Vitale, Mf, Michiara, M, Bozzani, F, Sgargi, P, Tumino, R, Rosa, Mg, Cascone, G, Frasca, G, Giurdanella, Mc, Martorana, C, Morana, G, Nicita, C, Rollo, Pc, Ruggeri, Mg, Sigona, A, Spata, E, Vacirca, S, Mangone, L, Di Felice, E, Pezzarossi, A, Caroli, S, Pellegri, C, Vicentini, M, D'Angelo, S, Balottari, P, Romagna, Rt, Falcini, F, Colamartini, A, Bucchi, L, Balducci, C, Ravegnani, M, Vitali, B, Cordaro, C, Caprara, L, Giuliani, O, Giorgetti, S, Palumbo, M, Vattiato, R, Ravaioli, A, Mancini, S, Tonelli, C, Amadori, M, Cremone, L, Iannelli, A, Senatore, G, Zevola, A, Sechi, O, Budroni, M, Cesaraccio, R, Pirino, D, Carboni, D, Fiori, G, Soddu, M, Mameli, G, Mura, F, Contrino, Ml, Madeddu, A, Tisano, F, Sciacca, S, Muni, A, Mizzi, M, Russo, M, Sacco, G, Aletta, P, Ziino, Ac, Tessandori, R, Fanetti, Ac, Maspero, S, Cecconami, L, Annulli, Ml, Moroni, E, Gonzalez, Me, Zanetti, R, Rosso, S, Patriarca, S, Prandi, R, Sobrato, I, Gilardi, F, Busso, P, Piffer, S, Rizzello, R, Gentilini, Ma, Cappelletti, M, Rosa, Fl, Stracci, F, D'Alò, D, Scheibel, M, Costarelli, D, Spano, F, Rossini, S, Santucci, C, Petrinelli, Am, Solimene, C, Bianconi, F, Brunori, V, Crosignani, P, Tagliabue, G, Contiero, P, Preto, L, Tittarelli, A, Maghini, A, Codazzi, T, Frassoldi, E, Gada, D, Costa, E, Grazia, Ld, Zambon, P, Baracco, M, Bovo, E, Cin, Ad, Fiore, Ar, Greco, A, Monetti, D, Rosano, A, Stocco, C, Donato, F, Limina, Rm, Adorni, A, Andreis, P, Zani, G, Piovani, F, Salvi, O, Puleio, M, Vitarelli, S, Candela, G, Pappalardo, G, Scuderi, T, Lottero, B, Ribaudo, M, Ricci, P, Guarda, L, Gatti, L, Bozzeda, A, Dall'Acqua, M, Pironi, V, Sardo, A, Mazzei, A, Sirianni, N, Lavecchia, Am, Mancuso, P, Vitale, F, Cusimano, R, Amodio, R, Guttadauro, A, Ravazzolo, B, Bucalo, G, Trapani, C, Sunseri, R, Cascio, Ma, Brucculeri, Ma, Adamo, M, Mannino, R, Mistretta, A, Costa, A, Rudisi, G, Gola, G, Corti, M, Prosperini, E, Grandi, L, Sciacchitano, S, Fidelbo, M, Benedetto, G, Vasquez, E, Torrisi, A, Pesce, P, Calabretta, L, Bella, F, Leone, A, Ieni, A, Varvarà, M, Castaing, M, Di Prima, A, Benedetto, A, Paderni, F, Usala, M, Pala, F, Sini, Gm, Pintori, N, Canu, L, Demurtas, G, Doa, N, Lazzarato, F, Magnani, C, Merletti, F, Sarcerdote, C, Macerata, V, de Leon, Mp, Domati, F, Rossi, G, Goldoni, Ca, Rossi, F, De Gaetani, C, Benatti, P, Roncucci, L, Di Gregorio, C, Pedroni, M, Pezzi, A, Maffei, S, Mariani, F, Borsi, E, Cocchioni, M, Pascucci, C, Gennaro, V, Lazzarotto, A, Benfatto, L, Mazzucco, G, Montanaro, F, Traina, A, Carruba, G, Dolcemascolo, C, Staiti, R, Zarcone, M, Bisogno, G, Cuttini, M, De Rosa, M, Haupt, R, Soresina, A, Valsecchi, Mg, Fagioli, F, Bona, G, Dini, G, Conter, V, Biondi, A, Zecca, M, Fedeli, F, Massimino, M, Nespoli, L, Roncarolo, Mg, Basso, G, Cesaro, S, Memo, L, Bellettato, M, Tamaro, Paolo, Mascarin, M, Rosolen, A, Izzi, G, Paolucci, P, Borgna Pignatti, C, Vecchi, V, Abate, Me, D'Ambrosio, A, Favre, C, Caniglia, M, Pierani, P, Felici, L, Visani, G, Fioritoni, G, Foà, R, Riccardi, R, Frega, G, Clerico, A, Casale, F, Poggi, V, Amendola, G, Filosa, A, Ladogana, S, Presta, G, Tornesello, A, De Mattia, D, Consarino, C, Nobile, F, Sperlì, D, D'Angelo, P, Marino, S, Cosmi, C, Mura, Rm, Battisti, L., Maso, L, Mosso, M, Cappello, T, Vercellino, P, Orengo, M, Celesia, M, Cercato, M, Artioli, M, Vitale, M, Rosa, M, Giurdanella, M, Rollo, P, Ruggeri, M, Romagna, R, Contrino, M, Ziino, A, Fanetti, A, Annulli, M, Gonzalez, M, Gentilini, M, Rosa, F, Petrinelli, A, Grazia, L, Cin, A, Fiore, A, Limina, R, Lavecchia, A, Cascio, M, Brucculeri, M, Sini, G, de Leon, M, Goldoni, C, Valsecchi, M, Roncarolo, M, Tamaro, P, Abate, M, Mura, R, Battisti, L, AIRTUM Working Group[.., Enrica Borsi, ], CCM, and AIEOP Working Group

Subjects
Male, Parents, cancer incidence, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Aftercare, cancer in adolescents, Young Adult, children, Neoplasms, cancer in children, Italian population, cancer, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Registries, Survivors, Age of Onset, Mortality, Child, cancer survival, Incidence, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Disease Management, Infant, pediatric, Survival Rate, Italy, Child, Preschool, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Female, Public Health, Morbidity, Forecasting
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study describes up-to-date cancer incidence and survival in Italian paediatric and adolescent patients, based on data collected by the network of Italian cancer registries (AIRTUM). It updates the monograph published on the same topic in 2008. The main objective of this monograph is to present the statistics according to standard rigorous epidemiological methods and disseminate them to a wide range of readers, including the lay public. Given the deep impact of the 2008 monograph on the general public, in this update we complement descriptive statistics with additional data and commentaries on issues of importance for public health, in order to provide unambiguous criteria on how to interpret the statistics. The study is the result of the collaboration between AIRTUM and AIEOP (Italian Association of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology) with contributions from interested parties, including representatives of parent associations. The monograph is divided into three parts. The first part presents incidence rates, survival probabilities, and time trends, by sex, age, geographical area, and cancer site or type, by means of tables and graphs as in the previous monograph, to facilitate direct comparisons. Four articles summarize and comment the results. The second part uses data from AIRTUM and AIEOP to outline patient management and health care issues; it includes estimates of the number of new cases in the next decade and of young adults living after a paediatric cancer diagnosis. Health organizational aspects of treatment services for paediatric patients, based on the AIEOP database, are also discussed, along with long-term complications in cured patients. The third section describes the changes in mortality trends due to improving therapies and healthcare services, and discusses risk factors and prevention of childhood cancer, late adverse events in cured patients, and other related issues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data herein presented were provided by AIRTUM population-based cancer registries, covering 47%of the Italian population below age 20 years, in the period 2003-2008. Quality of cancer registration in Italy is elevated, with high proportions of microscopically verified diagnoses (91%in the 0-14 years age group and 96% between 15 and 19 years of age) and a very small proportion of cases collected through death certificate only (0.1%).The proportion of cases in diagnostic groups XI (other malignant epithelial neoplasms) and XII (other and unspecified neoplasms) of the International Classification for Childhood Cancer (ICCC), based on the third revision of the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O-3), were 7.0% in the 0-14 years age group and 26.0%in the 15-19 years age group.The ratio between mortality and incidence was 17.7% in both children and adolescents. Detailed results are presented in 24 fact sheets for the 12 major ICCC-3 diagnostic groups and 10 sub-groups of special interest; the series is completed by a sheet on all malignant tumours and one on all tumours including non-malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system. All sheets include results for three age groups (0-14, 15-19, and 0-19 years) and are followed by two commentaries on incidence in the recent period, one on trends and the other on survival. Incidence rates were age-standardized on the European population and presented per million children. Incidence rates are also presented by age group, sex, and geographical area. Incidence trends were evaluated for two periods, 1988-2008 and 1998-2008, using estimated annual percent changes, and survival estimates were calculated by age and period. Indicators and corresponding 95% confidence intervals are shown in forms of graphics and tables at the end of the monograph and online at http://www.registri-tumori.it. Geographical analyses were conducted rearranging cancer registries into four macroareas (North-West, North-East, Centre, and South and Islands). Age groups were the same used in descriptive studies on children worldwide (0, 1-4, 5-9, 10- 14 years for paediatric tumours and 15-19 years for adolescents). Incidence trend analyses included cancer registries with three or more years of registration in the 5-year period, using Poisson regression models. Observed survival was computed according to the Kaplan-Meier method. The estimate of expected cases in the next decade was based on observed incidence rates in the most recent period, extended to the Italian estimated population of children and adolescents in the periods 2011-2015 and 2016-2020. The AIEOP database (Modello 1.01) allowed us to compare the number of patients treated and followed-up in specialized centres with expected cases based on AIRTUM estimates. The AIEOP database also provided information regarding health care migration throughout Italian regions and the number of foreign (immigrated) children treated in Italian AIEOP centres. RESULTS: In the period 2003-2008, 31 cancer registries reported 4,473 incident malignant neoplasms, 2,855 in children and 1,618 in adolescents. Cancer incidence rates were 164 cases per million in children aged 14 years or below and 269 cases per million in patients aged 15-19 years. Limited geographical variations emerged. In children (0-14 years) a significant increase in malignant cancer incidence was observed until 1997 (APC: +3.2%), followed by a plateau (APC: -1.1%not statistically significant).Until the late Nineties, a statistically significant increase was also observed in the incidence of all leukaemias in males (APC: +5.7%), lymphoid leukaemias (APC: +5.6%), representing 80% of all leukaemias, Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphomas (APC: +6.3%). A significant decrease emerged for lymphoid leukaemia starting in 1995 (APC: -1.9%), while no substantial change in cancer incidence rates was observed in the last decade of observation for all malignant neoplasms and lymphomas. In addition, no variation emerged for malignant (according to the most recent classification) central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, while an annual increase of 1.8% (significant) was observed in the period 1988-2008, when non-malignant tumours were included. Increases in cancer incidence were observed throughout the study period for neuroblastoma (APC: +1.9%) and epithelial tumours or melanoma (APC: +4.1%). In the period 1998-2008, in addition to lymphoid leukaemias, a significant decrease was observed for all malignant neoplasms, lymphomas in girls, CNS tumours (males and females), and renal tumours in girls, while no increases were observed in this age group. In adolescents (15-19 years) between 1988 and 2008, a significant increase in incidence rates was observed (APC: +2.0%) for all malignant neoplasms, all lymphomas (APC: +2.9%; in particular Hodgkin lymphoma, APC: +3.6%), thyroid cancer (APC: +6.1%), and melanoma (APC: +8.1%). Conversely, lymphoid leukaemia is the only neoplasm showing a long-term decrease in adolescents. Recent trends (1998-2008) confirm the long-term increases only for all malignant neoplasms in girls and thyroid cancer (APC: +7.9%, boys and girls), while a decrease in bone tumour incidence emerged in girls, albeit based only on 46 cases. Cancer mortality in children showed a persistent decrease for all neoplasms and even for more frequent cancer sites or types, and mortality rates for cancer were three-fold higher in the early Seventies than in 2008. In addition, five-year survival after cancer diagnosis increased in the last three decades and was still increasing in the period 2003- 2008, reaching 82% in children and 86% in adolescents. In the period 2008-2010, 4,488 children (0-14 years) were treated in one of the AIEOP clinical centres and we estimate, based on the above-presented incidence rates, that they represented 92% of all cancer cases in Italy. However, in adolescents, the proportion of patients treated in AIEOP centres was only 25%. A migration of patients living in the South of Italy to Central and Northern Italy emerged from AIEOP information. The expected number of cancer cases in children aged between 0 and 14 years of age is approximately 7,000 in the period 2016- 2020, while the corresponding figure for adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age is 4,000, with no relevant variation in comparison with the previous five-year period. COMMENTS: The present findings update descriptive cancer epidemiology in children and adolescents in Italy based on data provided by an extensive network of general and specialized population-based cancer registries. Data obtained from cancer registries are supplemented by additional information collected by specialized clinical AIEOP centres and mortality reports collected by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). Incidence rates reported in Italy were slightly higher in comparison to other developed Countries, but relatively consistent between different Italian areas. Our results also showed that the significant increase in cancer incidence observed until the end of Nineties has halted, with the exception solely of thyroid cancer in adolescents. Efficacy of therapeutic protocols has improved constantly since the Seventies, and recent findings confirm this trend in all age groups and, in particular, for rarer tumours and cancer types that have very poor prognosis. Findings derived from cross-analysis with AIEOP data suggest that it is possible to further improve the efficiency of our healthcare system, in particular for adolescents; migration can be reduced with a more rational use of hospitals throughout Italy.

26. Survey of neonatal respiratory care and surfactant administration in very preterm infants in the Italian neonatal network

Author

Bellù R, Gagliardi L, Tagliabue P, Corchia C, Vendettuoli V, Mosca F, Zanini R, Condò M, Turoli D, Weissmann G, Vanzati M, De Nisi G, Villa E, Moro G, Guerrini P, Contiero R, Ellero S, Furlan R, Abbiati L, Borroni C, Prandi G, Fabris C, Vielmi F, Agosti M, Tandoi F, Guidali, De Curtis M, Tozzi C, Lucchini R, Battaglioli M, Lista GL, Introvini P, Ferrari F, Gallo C, Cervello P, Bellante E, Bottura C, Pasquali F, Boccacci S, Latini G, Giannuzzi R, Martinelli S, Brunelli A, Motta G, Di Nunzio ML, Vendemiati A, Zorzi C, Carli G, Alfiero, Romeo N, Mammoliti P, Mastretta E, Barberis L, Farina D, Gancia G, Dalmazzo C, Napolitano M, Messina F, Rinaldi G, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Litta R, Lago P, Zanardo V, Chiandetti L, Visentin S, Presta G, Cella D, Poggiani C, Ferrari D, Parati S, Lombardo F, Grigorio R, Barera G, Franco M, Poloniato A, Colombo A, Burgio G, Sala E, Barberi I, Tiralongo V, Arco A, Careggi F, Dani C, Pratesi S, Mignatti V, Ancora G, Faldella G, Grandi S, Stronati M, Perotti G, Chirico G, Migliori C, De Marini S, Forleo V, Mansi G, Bona G, Stucchi I, Savastio, Ferrero F, Parola A, Padovani EM, Viviani E, Pecoraro L, Tiberina FI, Agostino R, Gizzi C, Massenzi L, Messner H, Staffier A, Salvia G, Esposito L, Forziati V, Latorre G, Sandri F, Alati S, Demaria F, Lombardi O, Costabile CD, Scarpelli G, Cavalli C, Volante E, Proietti D, Ganguzza O, Spinella B, Pietro RS, Haass C, Scapillati E, Consigli C, Gatta A, Quitadamo P, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Sigali E, Ghirri P, Fiorini P, Petrucci L, Moroni M, Braghetti P, Casucci P, Minelli L, Mezzetti D, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Laforgia N, Grassi A, Gesu RB, Dotta A, Savignoni F, Bagnoli F, De Felice C, Badii S, Biasini A, Belluzzi A, Stella M, Romagnoli C, Zecca E, Barone G, Colleselli P, Vecchiato L, Nicolussi D, Monaldi N, Giliberti P, Chello G, Rojo S, Giovanettoni C, Colnaghi CA, Verucci E, Placidi G, Belloni C, Carrera G, Zambetti C, Biban P, Serra A, Carnielli V, Pedini A, Vetrano G, Furcolo G, Pasquariello B, Falco L, Ausanio G, Bernardo I, Marchesano G, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Maccabruni M, Merazzi D, Gazzolo D, Sabatini FT, Colivicchi M, Del Vecchio A, Tarantino M, Gargano G, Pedori S, Bellettato M, Pesavento R, Cesaro A, Nicolò A, Mondello I, Pugliese A, Iervolino C, Corsello G, Giuffré M, Betta M, Romeo MG, Saporito A, D'Incecco C, Perrone B, Rodonò MG, Serra G, Franceschi A, Risso FM, Carpentieri M, Cigliano MP, Casilino R, Paolillo P, Picone S, Marra A, Rossetti D, Testa T, Del Cuore F., PALUDETTO, ROBERTO, CAPASSO, LETIZIA, RAIMONDI, FRANCESCO, Bellù, R, Gagliardi, L, Tagliabue, P, Corchia, C, Vendettuoli, V, Mosca, F, Zanini, R, Corsello, G, Giuffrè, M, Italian Neonatal Network., Condò, M, Turoli, D, Weissmann, G, Vanzati, M, De Nisi, G, Villa, E, Moro, G, Guerrini, P, Contiero, R, Ellero, S, Furlan, R, Abbiati, L, Borroni, C, Prandi, G, Fabris, C, Vielmi, F, Agosti, M, Tandoi, F, Guidali, De Curtis, M, Tozzi, C, Lucchini, R, Battaglioli, M, Lista, Gl, Introvini, P, Ferrari, F, Gallo, C, Cervello, P, Bellante, E, Bottura, C, Pasquali, F, Boccacci, S, Latini, G, Giannuzzi, R, Martinelli, S, Brunelli, A, Motta, G, Di Nunzio, Ml, Vendemiati, A, Zorzi, C, Carli, G, Alfiero, Romeo, N, Mammoliti, P, Mastretta, E, Barberis, L, Farina, D, Gancia, G, Dalmazzo, C, Napolitano, M, Messina, F, Rinaldi, G, Magaldi, R, Rinaldi, M, Litta, R, Lago, P, Zanardo, V, Chiandetti, L, Visentin, S, Presta, G, Cella, D, Poggiani, C, Ferrari, D, Parati, S, Lombardo, F, Grigorio, R, Barera, G, Franco, M, Poloniato, A, Colombo, A, Burgio, G, Sala, E, Barberi, I, Tiralongo, V, Arco, A, Careggi, F, Dani, C, Pratesi, S, Mignatti, V, Ancora, G, Faldella, G, Grandi, S, Stronati, M, Perotti, G, Chirico, G, Migliori, C, De Marini, S, Forleo, V, Paludetto, Roberto, Capasso, Letizia, Mansi, G, Raimondi, Francesco, Bona, G, Stucchi, I, Savastio, Ferrero, F, Parola, A, Padovani, Em, Viviani, E, Pecoraro, L, Tiberina, Fi, Agostino, R, Gizzi, C, Massenzi, L, Messner, H, Staffier, A, Salvia, G, Esposito, L, Forziati, V, Latorre, G, Sandri, F, Alati, S, Demaria, F, Lombardi, O, Costabile, Cd, Scarpelli, G, Cavalli, C, Volante, E, Proietti, D, Ganguzza, O, Spinella, B, Pietro, R, Haass, C, Scapillati, E, Consigli, C, Gatta, A, Quitadamo, P, Boldrini, A, Vuerich, M, Sigali, E, Ghirri, P, Fiorini, P, Petrucci, L, Moroni, M, Braghetti, P, Casucci, P, Minelli, L, Mezzetti, D, Orfeo, L, De Luca, Mg, Laforgia, N, Grassi, A, Gesu, Rb, Dotta, A, Savignoni, F, Bagnoli, F, De Felice, C, Badii, S, Biasini, A, Belluzzi, A, Stella, M, Romagnoli, C, Zecca, E, Barone, G, Colleselli, P, Vecchiato, L, Nicolussi, D, Monaldi, N, Giliberti, P, Chello, G, Rojo, S, Giovanettoni, C, Colnaghi, Ca, Verucci, E, Placidi, G, Belloni, C, Carrera, G, Zambetti, C, Biban, P, Serra, A, Carnielli, V, Pedini, A, Vetrano, G, Furcolo, G, Pasquariello, B, Falco, L, Ausanio, G, Bernardo, I, Marchesano, G, Nosari, N, Sarnelli, P, Maccabruni, M, Merazzi, D, Gazzolo, D, Sabatini, Ft, Colivicchi, M, Del Vecchio, A, Tarantino, M, Gargano, G, Pedori, S, Bellettato, M, Pesavento, R, Cesaro, A, Nicolò, A, Mondello, I, Pugliese, A, Iervolino, C, Giuffré, M, Betta, M, Romeo, Mg, Saporito, A, D'Incecco, C, Perrone, B, Rodonò, Mg, Serra, G, Franceschi, A, Risso, Fm, Carpentieri, M, Cigliano, Mp, Casilino, R, Paolillo, P, Picone, S, Marra, A, Rossetti, D, Testa, T, and Del Cuore, F.

Subjects
Preterm infants, Ventilation, Ventilatory support, Medicine (all), Drug Utilization, Humans, Infant Mortality, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Intubation, Intratracheal, Italy, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy, Pulmonary Surfactants, Respiration, Artificial, Infant, Premature, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, Premature, Very Low Birth Weight, Respiration, Infant, Newborn, national survay, Intratracheal, Very preterm infant, national survay, neonatal respiratory care, Very preterm infant, Artificial, Preterm infant, neonatal respiratory care, Intubation
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Variation of respiratory care is described between centers around the world. The Italian Neonatal Network (INN), as a national group of the Vermont-Oxford Network (VON) allows to perform a wide analysis of respiratory care in very low birth weight infants. METHODS: We analyzed the dataset of infants enrolled in the INN in 2009 and 2010 and, for surfactant administration only, from 2006 to 2010 from 83 participating centers. All definitions are those of the (VON). A questionnaire analysis was also performed with a questionnaire on centers practices. RESULTS: We report data for 8297 infants. Data on ventilator practices and outcomes are outlined. Variation for both practices and outcome is found. Trend in surfactant administration is also analyzed. CONCLUSIONS. The great variation across hospitals in all the surveyed techniques points to the possibility of implementing potentially better practices with the aim of reducing unwanted variation. These data also show the power of large neonatal networks in identifying areas for potential improvement.

28. Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections in children aged 2 months to 3 years in the Italian emergency units: the ItaUTI study

Author

Francesca, Cenzato, Milani, Gregorio P., Angela, Amigoni, Francesca, Sperotto, Bianchetti, Mario G., Carlo, Agostoni, Giovanni, Montini, Farello, Giovanni, Francesco, Chiarelli, Greco, Rita, Franco Di Lollo, Fabio Rocco Forte, Sergio, Manieri, Luigi, Carpino, Mimma, Caloiero, Anastasia, Cirisano, Salvatore, Bragh(`(o)), Roberto Della Casa, Felice, Nunziata, Carmine, Pecoraro, Rosario, Pacifico, Marcello, Lanari, Chiara, Ghizzi, Laura, Serra, Marcello, Stella, Giuseppe, Maggiore, Roberto, Fiorini, Icilio, Dodi, Andrea, Morelli, Lorenzo, Lughetti, Andrea, Cella, Gianluca, Vergine, Alessandro De Fanti, Danica, Dragovic, Daniele, Santori, Giorgio, Cozzi, Paola, Cogo, Marilena, Raponi, Riccardo, Lubrano, Mauro de Martinis, Antonio, Gatto, Maria Antonietta Barbieri, Antonino, Reale, Giorgio, Bracaglia, Emanuela, Piccotti, Riccardo, Borea, Alberto, Gaiero, Laura, Martelli, Alberto, Arrighini, Paola, Cianci, Claudio, Cavalli, Leonardina De Santis, Benedetta Chiara Pietra, Andrea, Biondi, Marco, Sala, Pogliani, Laura M., Simonetta, Cherubini, Marta, Bellini, Paola, Bruni, Giovanni, Traina, Paola, Tommasi, Paolo Del Barba, Sergio, Arrigoni, Salvini, Filippo M., Luca, Bernardo, Giuseppe, Bertolozzi, Silvia, Fasoli, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Emilio, Palumbo, Annalisa, Bosco, Gianpaolo, Mirri, Elisabetta, Fabiani, Ermanno, Ruffini, Luisa, Pieragostini, Martina, Fornaro, Gabriele, Ripanti, Donnina, Pannoni, Felici, Enrico, Anna, Perona, Eleonora, Tappi, Oscar Nis Haitink, Ivana, Rabbone, Pina Teresa Capalbo, Antonio, Urbino, Andrea, Guala, Gianluca, Cosi, Maria Gabriella Barracchia, Baldassarre, Martire, Fabio, Cardinale, Fulvio, Moramarco, Carmelo, Perrone, Angelo, Campanozzi, Valerio, Cecinati, Alessandro, Canetto, Ciro, Clemente, Antonio, Cualbu, Fabio, Narducci, Giuseppina, Mula, Pasquale, Bulciolu, Roberto, Antonucci, Giuseppe, Gramaglia, Giuseppe, Cavaleri, Carmelo, Salpietro, Giovanni, Corsello, Rosario, Salvo, Marcello, Palmeri, Maria Assunta Vitale, Ambra, Morgano, Susanna, Falorni, Diego, Peroni, Stefano, Masi, Alessio, Bertini, Angelina, Vaccaro, Pierluigi, Vasarri, Petra, Reinstadler, Massimo, Soffiati, Maurizio, Stefanelli, VERROTTI di PIANELLA, Alberto, Catherine, Bertone, Stefano, Marzini, Liviana Da Dalt, Simone, Rugolotto, Floriana, Scozzola, Luca Ecclesio Livio, Mauro, Cinquetti, Davide, Silvagni, Massimo Bellettato and, Cenzato F., Milani G.P., Amigoni A., Sperotto F., Bianchetti M.G., Agostoni C., Montini G., Farello G., Chiarelli F., Greco R., Di Lollo F., Rocco Forte F., Manieri S., Carpino L., Caloiero M., Cirisano A., Bragho S., Della Casa R., Nunziata F., Pecoraro C., Pacifico R., Lanari M., Ghizzi C., Serra L., Stella M., Maggiore G., Fiorini R., Dodi I., Morelli A., Lughetti L., Cella A., Vergine G., De Fanti A., Dragovic D., Santori D., Cozzi G., Cogo P., Raponi M., Lubrano R., de Martinis M., Gatto A., Barbieri M.A., Reale A., Bracaglia G., Piccotti E., Borea R., Gaiero A., Martelli L., Arrighini A., Cianci P., Cavalli C., De Santis L., Pietra B.C., Biondi A., Sala M., Pogliani L.M., Cherubini S., Bellini M., Bruni P., Traina G., Tommasi P., Del Barba P., Arrigoni S., Salvini F.M., Bernardo L., Bertolozzi G., Fasoli S., Marseglia G.L., Palumbo E., Bosco A., Mirri G., Fabiani E., Ruffini E., Pieragostini L., Fornaro M., Ripanti G., Pannoni D., Enrico F., Perona A., Tappi E., Nis Haitink O., Rabbone I., Capalbo P.T., Urbino A., Guala A., Cosi G., Barracchia M.G., Martire B., Cardinale F., Moramarco F., Perrone C., Campanozzi A., Cecinati V., Canetto A., Clemente C., Cualbu A., Narducci F., Mula G., Bulciolu P., Antonucci R., Gramaglia G., Cavaleri G., Salpietro C., Corsello G., Salvo R., Palmeri M., Vitale M.A., Morgano A., Falorni S., Peroni D., Masi S., Bertini A., Vaccaro A., Vasarri P., Reinstadler P., Soffiati M., Stefanelli M., Verrotti di Pianella A., Bertone C., Marzini S., Da Dalt L., Rugolotto S., Scozzola F., Ecclesio Livio L., Cinquetti M., Silvagni D., and Bellettato M.

Subjects
Catheter, Urinary tract, Emergency department, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Guidelines, Infants, Infection, Survey, Urine, Infant, Guideline
Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most frequent bacterial diseases in infants and children. Physician adherence to recommendations is notoriously often poor, but no data are available on UTIs management in the emergency setting. In this multicenter national study, we investigated the policies regarding UTIs management in children aged 2 months to 3 years in Italian emergency units. Between April and June 2021, directors of the emergency units were invited to answer an online survey on the following items: diagnostic approach to children with fever without an apparent source, therapeutic approach to UTIs, the use of kidney and urinary tract ultrasound, and the criteria for hospitalization. A total of 121 (89%) out of 139 of invited units participated in the study. Overall, units manage children with a suspected or confirmed UTI according to available recommendations for most of the items. However, in almost 80% (n = 94) of units, a sterile perineal bag is used to collect urine for culture. When urine is collected by cathether, heterogeneity exists on the threshold of bacterial load considered for UTI diagnosis. Conclusions: Available recommendations on UTIs in children are followed by Italian emergency units for most of the items. However, the methods to collect urine specimens for culture, one of the crucial steps of the diagnostic work-up, often do not align with current recommendations and CFU thresholds considered for diagnosis largely vary among centers. Efforts should be addressed to validate and implement new child and family friendly urine collection techniques. What is Known:• Several guidelines are published on the management of children with suspected or confirmed urinary tract infection.• No data are available on the management of pediatric urinary tract infections in the emergency setting. What is New:• Almost 80% of the Italian emergency units employ a sterile perineal bag to collect urine for culture.• Diagnostic CFU thresholds largely vary among centers.

Published
2022

29. Boron doping of silicon rich carbides: Electrical properties

Author

C. Summonte, M. Canino, M. Allegrezza, M. Bellettato, A. Desalvo, R. Shukla, b, I.P. Jain, I. Crupic, S. Milita, L. Ortolani, L. LópezConesa, S. Estradé, F. Peiró, B. Garrido, Summonte, C., Canino, M., Allegrezza, M., Bellettato, M., Desalvo, M., Shukla, A., Jain, R., Crupi, I., Milita, I., Ortolani, S., López-Conesa, L., Estradé, L., Peiró, S., and Garrido, F.

Subjects
Silicon nanodot, Materials science, Silicon, Silicon dioxide, Boron doping, Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Silicon carbide, 02 engineering and technology, Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia, Carbide, chemistry.chemical_compound, UV-vis reflection and transmittance, Multilayer, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Electrical measurements, Silicon rich carbide, 010302 applied physics, Dopant, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Doping, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Silica, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Silicon rich, Optical propertie, Electrical transport, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, UV-vis reflection and transmittance, Doping (additives), Boron-doping, Optoelectronics, Electric propertie, Nanodot, 0210 nano-technology, business, X ray diffraction, Boron carbide
Abstract

Boron doped multilayers based on silicon carbide/silicon rich carbide, aimed at the formation of silicon nanodots for photovoltaic applications, are studied. X-ray diffraction confirms the formation of crystallized Si and 3C-SiC nanodomains. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy indicates the occurrence of remarkable interdiffusion between adjacent layers. However, the investigated material retains memory of the initial dopant distribution. Electrical measurements suggest the presence of an unintentional dopant impurity in the intrinsic SiC matrix. The overall volume concentration of nanodots is determined by optical simulation and is shown not to contribute to lateral conduction. Remarkable higher room temperature dark conductivity is obtained in the multilayer that includes a boron doped well, rather than boron doped barrier, indicating efficient doping in the former case. Room temperature lateral dark conductivity up to 10-3 S/cm is measured on the multilayer with boron doped barrier and well. The result compares favorably with silicon dioxide and makes SiC encouraging for application in photovoltaic devices. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013

30. Relapsing subcutaneous nodules of the penis in a pediatric patient.

Author

Sechi A, d'Amore ESG, Naldi L, Bellettato M, May Lee M, and Cutrone M

Abstract

A 14-year-old boy presented with a history of non-tender, subcutaneous coalescing nodules located on the ventral-lateral aspects of the penis shaft for one year. Laboratory investigations for blood count and autoimmunity were within normal limits. Complete excision was performed, and on histology, the dermis showed necrobiotic material composed of altered collagen bundles, surrounded by a palisade of histiocytes and scattered lymphocytes, thus allowing a diagnosis of subcutaneous granuloma annulare. Only 18 published cases reported penile granuloma annulare. Medical management was advocated in 7/18 cases, either as a first-line or adjuvant therapy where surgery was not radical. Three patients received high-potency local steroids: two cases underwent adjuvant sessions of intralesional triamcinolone, and one patient received pentoxifylline orally. Surgery should be considered a second-line option since 5/8 of treated cases eventually recurred. The pentoxifylline-treated case witnessed a relapse after drug discontinuation, while topical steroids lead to complete recovery without relapses., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: the authors declare no potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023, the Author(s).)

Published
2023
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31. Neither Incretin or Amino Acid Responses, nor Casein Content, Account for the Equal Insulin Response Following Iso-Lactose Loads of Natural Human and Cow Milk in Healthy Young Adults.

Author

Tessari P, Toffolon A, Vettore M, Iori E, Lante A, Feller E, Rocco EA, Vedovato M, Verlato G, and Bellettato M

Subjects
Amino Acids, Animals, Blood Glucose metabolism, C-Peptide, Caseins metabolism, Cattle, Female, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Humans, Lactose analysis, Male, Milk chemistry, Young Adult, Incretins, Insulin
Abstract

Human milk contains <50% less protein (casein) than cow milk, but is equally effective in insulin secretion despite lower postingestion hyperaminoacidemia. Such potency of human milk might be modulated either by incretins (glucagon-like polypeptide-1,GLP-1); glucose-inhibitory-polypeptide, GIP), and/or by milk casein content. Healthy volunteers of both sexes were fed iso-lactose loads of two low-protein milks, i.e., human [Hum] (n = 8) and casein-deprived cow milk (Cow [↓Cas]) (n = 10), as well as loads of two high-protein milks, i.e., cow (n = 7), and casein-added human-milk (Hum [↑Cas]) (n = 7). Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, incretins and amino acid concentrations were measured for 240′. All milks induced the same transient hyperglycemia. The early [20′−30′] insulin and C-peptide responses were comparable among all milk types apart from the low-protein (Cow [↓Cas]) milk, where they were reduced by <50% (p < 0.05 vs. others). When comparing the two high-protein milks, GLP-1 and GIP [5’−20’] responses with the (Hum [↑Cas]) milk were lower (by ≈2−3 fold, p < 0.007 and p < 0.03 respectively) than those with cow milk, whereas incretin secretion was substantially similar. Plasma amino acid increments largely reflected the milk protein content. Thus, neither casein milk content, nor incretin or amino acid concentrations, can account for the specific potency of human milk on insulin secretion, which remains as yet unresolved.

Published
2022
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32. Early Pediatric Benefit of Lutein for Maturing Eyes and Brain-An Overview.

Author

Gazzolo D, Picone S, Gaiero A, Bellettato M, Montrone G, Riccobene F, Lista G, and Pellegrini G

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Brain metabolism, Breast Feeding methods, Carotenoids administration & dosage, Carotenoids metabolism, Child, Child, Preschool, Diet methods, Eye metabolism, Female, Fruit chemistry, Humans, Infant, Infant Formula chemistry, Lutein metabolism, Male, Milk, Human chemistry, Oxidative Stress, Pregnancy, Xanthophylls metabolism, Young Adult, Zeaxanthins metabolism, Brain growth & development, Eye growth & development, Lutein administration & dosage
Abstract

Lutein is a dietary carotenoid preferentially accumulated in the eye and the brain in early life and throughout the life span. Lutein accumulation in areas of high metabolism and oxidative stress such as the eye and the brain suggest a unique role of this ingredient during the development and maturation of these organs of common embryological origin. Lutein is naturally provided to the developing baby via the cord blood, breast milk and then infant diet. The presence of this carotenoid depends on fruit and vegetable intakes and its bioavailability is higher in breastmilk. This paper aims to review the anatomical development of the eye and the brain, explore the presence and selective deposition of lutein in these organs during pregnancy and infancy and, based on its functional characteristics, present the latest available research on the beneficial role of lutein in the pediatric population. The potential effects of lutein in ameliorating conditions associated with increase oxidative stress such as in prematurity will be also addressed. Since consumption of lutein rich foods falls short of government guidelines and in most region of the world infant formulas lack this bioactive, dietary recommendations for pregnant and breastfeeding women and their child can help to bridge the gap.

Published
2021
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33. Continuous kidney replacement therapy in critically ill neonates and infants: a retrospective analysis of clinical results with a dedicated device.

Author

Garzotto F, Vidal E, Ricci Z, Paglialonga F, Giordano M, Laforgia N, Peruzzi L, Bellettato M, Murer L, and Ronco C

Subjects
Critical Illness, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Male, Renal Replacement Therapy adverse effects, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, Renal Replacement Therapy instrumentation
Abstract

Background: Providing extracorporeal renal support to neonates and infants involves a number of technical and clinical issues, possibly discouraging early utilization. This report aims to describe a multicenter experience of continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) delivery to small infants using a device specifically designed for this age group., Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of all patients treated with the Carpediem™ machine (Bellco-Medtronic, Mirandola, Italy) in 6 centers between June 2013 and December 2016., Results: Twenty-six neonates and small infants received 165 CKRT sessions in convective modality. Median age at neonatal intensive care unit admission 1 day (IQR 1-11), median body weight 2.9 kg (IQR 2.2-3.6). Median circuit duration 14 h (IQR 10-22), with delivered/prescribed time ratio of 84%. CKRT was conducted using 4 Fr (27%), 5 Fr (35%), 6.5 Fr (11%), and 7 Fr (3%) vascular access, and with umbilical and peripheral accesses (11% each) allowing overall median blood flow of 4.5 ml/kg/min (IQR 3.4-6) and median effluent flow rate 35 ml/kg/h (IQR 28-42). Circuits were primed with normal saline in 58% of treatments, colloids in 31%, and packed red blood cells in 11%. No serious adverse events directly related to machine application were reported by any center. Twenty-five (96%) patients survived their CKRT course and 13 patients (50%) survived to ICU discharge., Conclusions: CKRT in neonates was easy to initiate and conduct when performed with small central vascular accesses coupled with this device. A dedicated technology for infant CKRT delivery enables patients to be safely treated avoiding technical complications. Graphical abstract.

Published
2020
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34. Novel biallelic TRNT1 mutations resulting in sideroblastic anemia, combined B and T cell defects, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and developmental delay.

Author

Lougaris V, Chou J, Baronio M, Gazzurelli L, Lorenzini T, Soresina A, Moratto D, Badolato R, Seleman M, Bellettato M, Geha RS, and Plebani A

Subjects
Abnormalities, Multiple immunology, Agammaglobulinemia diagnosis, Anemia, Sideroblastic diagnosis, B-Lymphocytes immunology, B-Lymphocytes pathology, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic diagnosis, Developmental Disabilities diagnosis, Homozygote, Humans, Infant, Infections diagnosis, Male, Pedigree, Recurrence, T-Lymphocytes immunology, T-Lymphocytes pathology, Exome Sequencing methods, Abnormalities, Multiple diagnosis, Abnormalities, Multiple genetics, Mutation, Nucleotidyltransferases genetics
Published
2018
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35. Combining light-harvesting with detachability in high-efficiency thin-film silicon solar cells.

Author

Ram SK, Desta D, Rizzoli R, Bellettato M, Lyckegaard F, Jensen PB, Jeppesen BR, Chevallier J, Summonte C, Larsen AN, and Balling P

Abstract

Efforts to realize thin-film solar cells on unconventional substrates face several obstacles in achieving good energy-conversion efficiency and integrating light-management into the solar cell design. In this report a technique to circumvent these obstacles is presented: transferability and an efficient light-harvesting scheme are combined for thin-film silicon solar cells by the incorporation of a NaCl layer. Amorphous silicon solar cells in p-i-n configuration are fabricated on reusable glass substrates coated with an interlayer of NaCl. Subsequently, the solar cells are detached from the substrate by dissolution of the sacrificial NaCl layer in water and then transferred onto a plastic sheet, with a resultant post-transfer efficiency of 9%. The light-trapping effect of the surface nanotextures originating from the NaCl layer on the overlying solar cell is studied theoretically and experimentally. The enhanced light absorption in the solar cells on NaCl-coated substrates leads to significant improvement in the photocurrent and energy-conversion efficiency in solar cells with both 350 and 100 nm thick absorber layers, compared to flat-substrate solar cells. Efficient transferable thin-film solar cells hold a vast potential for widespread deployment of off-grid photovoltaics and cost reduction.

Published
2017
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36. Tissue Doppler Imaging in the evaluation of abdominal aortic pulsatility: a useful tool for the neonatologist.

Author

Valerio E, Grison A, Capretta A, Golin R, Ferrarese P, and Bellettato M

Subjects
Aorta, Abdominal physiology, Aorta, Abdominal physiopathology, Aortic Coarctation diagnostic imaging, Aortic Coarctation physiopathology, Echocardiography methods, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care, Neonatal, Neonatologists, Aorta, Abdominal diagnostic imaging, Pulsatile Flow, Ultrasonography, Doppler methods
Abstract

Sonographic cardiac evaluation of newborns with suspected aortic coarctation (AoC) should tend to demonstrate a good phasic and pulsatile flow and the absence of pressure gradient along a normally conformed aortic arch from the modified left parasternal and suprasternal echocardiographic views; these findings, however, may not necessarily rule out a more distal coarctation in the descending aorta. For this reason, the sonographic exam of newborns with suspected AoC should always include a Doppler evaluation of abdominal aortic blood flow from the subcostal view. Occasionally, however, a clearly pulsatile Doppler flow trace in abdominal aorta may be difficult to obtain due to the bad insonation angle existing between the probe and the vessel. In such suboptimal ultrasonic alignment situation, the use of Tissue Doppler Imaging instead of classic Doppler flow imaging may reveal a preserved aortic pulsatility by sampling the aortic wall motion induced by normal flow. We propose to take advantage of the TDI pattern as a surrogate of a normal pulsatile Doppler flow trace in abdominal aorta when the latter is difficult to obtain due to malalignment with the insonated vessel.

Published
2017
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37. Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Neonates and Infants: Successful Use of a Miniaturized Machine.

Author

Vidal E, Garzotto F, Parolin M, Manenti C, Zanin A, Bellettato M, Remuzzi G, Goldstein SL, Murer L, and Ronco C

Subjects
Body Weight, Equipment Design, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Miniaturization instrumentation, Plasmapheresis instrumentation, Plasma Exchange instrumentation
Abstract

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in neonates and small infants is a treatment method at the forefront that may become a potentially life-saving procedure in a wide array of severe conditions. Indications for TPE in the pediatric population have been mainly derived from adult literature, with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia being the most notable exception. The only alternative to TPE in small pediatric patients is manual blood exchange transfusion, which, however, bears an unacceptably high risk of severe complications. Still, technical issues due to extracorporeal circulation in neonates have burdened TPE so far, since machines developed for adults require a relatively large blood volume to operate. We in this study, describe our preliminary experience of TPE for treating 2 potentially life-threatening conditions in neonatal age. To overcome the aforementioned limitations, plasmapheresis was performed in both cases using a machine specifically designed for patients weighing less than 10 kg., (© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2017
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38. Novel back-reflector architecture with nanoparticle based buried light-scattering microstructures for improved solar cell performance.

Author

Desta D, Ram SK, Rizzoli R, Bellettato M, Summonte C, Jeppesen BR, Jensen PB, Tsao YC, Wiggers H, Pereira RN, Balling P, and Larsen AN

Abstract

A new back-reflector architecture for light-management in thin-film solar cells is proposed that includes a morphologically smooth top surface with light-scattering microstructures buried within. The microstructures are pyramid shaped, fabricated on a planar reflector using TiO2 nanoparticles and subsequently covered with a layer of Si nanoparticles to obtain a flattened top surface, thus enabling growth of good quality thin-film solar cells. The optical properties of this back-reflector show high broadband haze parameter and wide angular distribution of diffuse light-scattering. The n-i-p amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells grown on such a back-reflector show enhanced light absorption resulting in improved external quantum efficiency. The benefit of the light trapping in those solar cells is evidenced by the gains in short-circuit current density and efficiency up to 15.6% and 19.3% respectively, compared to the reference flat solar cells. This improvement in the current generation in the solar cells grown on the flat-topped (buried pyramid) back-reflector is observed even when the irradiation takes place at large oblique angles of incidence. Finite-difference-time-domain simulation results of optical absorption and ideal short-circuit current density values agree well with the experimental findings. The proposed approach uses a low cost and simple fabrication technique and allows effective light manipulation by utilizing the optical properties of micro-scale structures and nanoscale constituent particles.

Published
2016
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39. Sustained lung inflation at birth for preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.

Author

Lista G, Boni L, Scopesi F, Mosca F, Trevisanuto D, Messner H, Vento G, Magaldi R, Del Vecchio A, Agosti M, Gizzi C, Sandri F, Biban P, Bellettato M, Gazzolo D, Boldrini A, and Dani C

Subjects
Delivery Rooms, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Odds Ratio, Oxygen blood, Respiration, Artificial, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn blood, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia therapy, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn therapy
Abstract

Background: Studies suggest that giving newly born preterm infants sustained lung inflation (SLI) may decrease their need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and improve their respiratory outcomes., Methods: We randomly assigned infants born at 25 weeks 0 days to 28 weeks 6 days of gestation to receive SLI (25 cm H2O for 15 seconds) followed by nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) or nCPAP alone in the delivery room. SLI and nCPAP were delivered by using a neonatal mask and a T-piece ventilator. The primary end point was the need for MV in the first 72 hours of life. The secondary end points included the need for respiratory supports and survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)., Results: A total of 148 infants were enrolled in the SLI group and 143 in the control group. Significantly fewer infants were ventilated in the first 72 hours of life in the SLI group (79 of 148 [53%]) than in the control group (93 of 143 [65%]); unadjusted odds ratio: 0.62 [95% confidence interval: 0.38-0.99]; P = .04). The need for respiratory support and survival without BPD did not differ between the groups. Pneumothorax occurred in 1% (n = 2) of infants in the control group compared with 6% (n = 9) in the SLI group, with an unadjusted odds ratio of 4.57 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-21.50; P = .06)., Conclusions: SLI followed by nCPAP in the delivery room decreased the need for MV in the first 72 hours of life in preterm infants at high risk of respiratory distress syndrome compared with nCPAP alone but did not decrease the need for respiratory support and the occurrence of BPD., (Copyright © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.)

Published
2015
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40. Total body polyethylene wraps for preventing hypothermia in preterm infants: a randomized trial.

Author

Doglioni N, Cavallin F, Mardegan V, Palatron S, Filippone M, Vecchiato L, Bellettato M, Chiandetti L, and Trevisanuto D

Subjects
Body Temperature, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Italy, Male, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Bandages, Body Temperature Regulation, Hypothermia prevention & control, Infant, Premature, Diseases prevention & control, Polyethylene, Rewarming methods
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate whether a polyethylene total body wrapping (covering both the body and head) is more effective than conventional treatment (covering up to the shoulders) in reducing perinatal thermal losses in very preterm infants., Study Design: This was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, parallel 1:1, unblinded, controlled trial of infants<29 weeks' gestation age, comprising two study groups: experimental group (total body group; both the body and head covered with a polyethylene occlusive bag, with the face uncovered) and control group (only the body, up to the shoulders, covered with a polyethylene occlusive bag). The primary outcome was axillary temperature on neonatal intensive care unit admission immediately after wrap removal., Results: One hundred randomly allocated infants (50 in the total body group and 50 controls) completed the study. Mean axillary temperature on neonatal intensive care unit admission was similar in the two groups (36.5±0.6°C total body vs 36.4±0.8°C controls; P=.53). The rate of moderate hypothermia (temperature<36°C) was 12% in the total body group and 20% in the control group (P=.41). Three subjects in each group (6.0%) had an axillary temperature>37.5°C on admission, and one subject in control group had an axillary temperature>38°C., Conclusion: Total body wrapping is comparable with covering the body up to the shoulders in preventing postnatal thermal losses in very preterm infants., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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41. The role of boric acid in the synthesis of Eni Carbon Silicates.

Author

Zanardi S, Bellussi G, Parker WO Jr, Montanari E, Bellettato M, Cruciani G, Carati A, Guidetti S, Rizzo C, and Millini R

Abstract

The influence of H3BO3 on the crystallization of hybrid organic-inorganic aluminosilicates denoted as Eni Carbon Silicates (ECS's) was investigated. Syntheses were carried out at 100 °C under different experimental conditions, using bridged silsesquioxanes of general formula (EtO)3Si-R-Si(OEt)3 (R = -C6H4- (BTEB), -C10H6- (BTEN) and -C6H4-C6H4- (BTEBP)), in the presence of equimolar concentrations of NaAlO2 and H3BO3. The study, involving the synthesis of three different but structurally related phases (ECS-14 from BTEB, ECS-13 here described for the first time from BTEN, and ECS-5 from BTEBP), confirmed a catalytic role for H3BO3 which in general increased the crystallization rate and improved the product quality in terms of amount of crystallized phase (crystallinity), size of the crystallites and phase purity, while it was weakly incorporated in trace amounts in the framework of ECS's.

Published
2014
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42. Continuous renal replacement therapy in neonates and small infants: development and first-in-human use of a miniaturised machine (CARPEDIEM).

Author

Ronco C, Garzotto F, Brendolan A, Zanella M, Bellettato M, Vedovato S, Chiarenza F, Ricci Z, and Goldstein SL

Subjects
Acute Kidney Injury blood, Bilirubin blood, Biomarkers blood, Creatinine blood, Equipment Design, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care, Neonatal methods, Materials Testing methods, Multiple Organ Failure blood, Multiple Organ Failure therapy, Prospective Studies, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, Kidneys, Artificial, Renal Replacement Therapy instrumentation
Abstract

Background: Peritoneal dialysis is the renal replacement therapy of choice for acute kidney injury in neonates, but in some cases is not feasible or effective. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) machines are used off label in infants smaller than 15 kg and are not designed specifically for small infants. We aimed to design and create a CRRT machine specifically for neonates and small infants., Methods: We prospectively planned a 5-year project to conceive, design, and create a miniaturised Cardio-Renal Pediatric Dialysis Emergency Machine (CARPEDIEM), specifically for neonates and small infants. We created the new device and assessed it with in-vitro laboratory tests, completed its development to meet regulatory requirements, and obtained a licence for human use. Once approved, we used the machine to treat a critically ill neonate, Findings: The main characteristics of CARPEDIEM are the low priming volume of the circuit (less than 30 mL), miniaturised roller pumps, and accurate ultrafiltration control via calibrated scales with a precision of 1 g. In-vitro tests confirmed that both hardware and software met the specifications. We treated a 2·9 kg neonate with haemorrhagic shock, multiple organ dysfunction, and severe fluid overload for more than 400 h with the CARPEDIEM, using continuous venovenous haemofiltration, single-pass albumin dialysis, blood exchange, and plasma exchange. The patient's 65% fluid overload, raised creatinine and bilirubin concentrations, and severe acidosis were all managed safely and effectively. Despite the severity of the illness, organ function was restored and the neonate survived and was discharged from hospital with only mild renal insufficiency that did not require renal replacement therapy., Interpretation: The CARPEDIEM CRRT machine can be used to provide various treatment modalities and support for multiple organ dysfunction in neonates and small infants. The CARPEDIEM could reduce the range of indications for peritoneal dialysis, widen the range of indications for CRRT, make the use of CRRT less traumatic, and expand its use as supportive therapy even when complete renal replacement therapy is not indicated., Funding: Associazione Amici del Rene di Vicenza., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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43. Hierarchical hybrid organic-inorganic materials with tunable textural properties obtained using zeolitic-layered precursor.

Author

Opanasenko M, Parker WO Jr, Shamzhy M, Montanari E, Bellettato M, Mazur M, Millini R, and Čejka J

Abstract

Novel layered zeolitic organic-inorganic materials have been synthesized using a two-dimensional zeolite precursor IPC-1P prepared by a top-down approach from zeolite UTL. The formation of porous materials containing organic linkers or polyhedral oligomeric siloxane covalently bonded to zeolite layers in the interlayer space was confirmed by a variety of characterization techniques (N2/Ar sorption analysis, XRD, (29)Si and (13)C NMR, TEM). The organic-inorganic porous hybrids obtained by intercalation with silsesquioxane posessed layered morphology and contained large crystalline domains. The hybrids exhibited mesoporous or hierarchical micro-/mesoporous systems, stable up to 350 °C. Textural properties of the formed zeolitic organic-inorganic materials can be controlled by varying the linker or synthetic conditions over a broad range. Surface areas and pore volumes of synthesized hybrids significantly exceed those for parent zeolite UTL and corresponding swollen material; the amount of micropores increased with increasing rigidity and size of the organic linker in the order biphenyl > phenylene > ethanediyl.

Published
2014
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44. Lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation in preterm very low-birth-weight neonates in neonatal intensive care units: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Author

Manzoni P, Guardione R, Bonetti P, Priolo C, Maestri A, Mansoldo C, Mostert M, Anselmetti G, Sardei D, Bellettato M, Biban P, and Farina D

Subjects
Disease Progression, Double-Blind Method, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Intensive Care, Neonatal, Lutein adverse effects, Male, Xanthophylls adverse effects, Zeaxanthins, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia prevention & control, Dietary Supplements, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing prevention & control, Lutein therapeutic use, Retinopathy of Prematurity prevention & control, Xanthophylls therapeutic use
Abstract

Background: Human milk feeding protects against oxidative stress-induced damage in preterm neonates, including severe multifactorial diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The carotenoids, which are not found in formula milk, might play a key role in these actions., Methods: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted in three tertiary Italian neonatal intensive care units. All preterm infants < 32(+6) weeks' gestational age were eligible and were randomized to a single, oral, daily 0.5-mL dose of carotenoid supplementation (0.14 mg lutein + 0.0006 mg zeaxanthin) or placebo (5% glucose solution) from birth till 36 weeks' corrected gestational age. Primary outcomes were threshold ROP, NEC > second stage, and BPD. Surveillance for detection of these diseases and for intolerance/adverse effects was performed., Results: No treatment-related adverse effect was documented in the 229 analyzed infants, whose clinical/demographical characteristics were similar in the two groups. Threshold ROP incidence did not significantly differ in treated (6.2%) versus not treated infants (10.3%; p = 0.18). The same occurred for NEC (1.7% versus 5.1%; p = 0.15) and BPD (4.5% versus 10.3%; p = 0.07). Noteworthy, the progression rate from early ROP stages to threshold ROP was decreased by 50% (0.30 versus 0.44; p = 0.23)., Conclusion: Lutein/zeaxanthin supplementation in preterm infants is well tolerated. No significant effect was seen on threshold ROP, NEC, or BPD. The decreasing trends of these outcomes in the treatment group need to be assessed and confirmed on larger sample-sizes., (Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.)

Published
2013
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45. [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of neonatal infections caused by group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus].

Author

Bellettato M, Caccamo ML, Cantarutti F, D'Antonio G, Dodero A, Giana G, Gorinati M, Mantegazza M, Marcon R, and Meneghetti S

Subjects
Age Factors, Antibodies, Bacterial analysis, Birth Weight, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious diagnosis, Streptococcal Infections microbiology, Streptococcal Infections diagnosis, Streptococcus agalactiae immunology, Streptococcus agalactiae isolation & purification
Abstract

Early-onset infection findings caused by Group B Streptococcus occur within 24 hours of birth (60 per cent of cases) but they may appear anytime during the first 5 days of life. In our experience early-onset infection affects both preterm and term neonates. The Authors report the usual clinical signs described for bacterial infections. Unusual findings are also reported: among 34 infants with early-onset infection, the congenital diaphragmatic hernia was associated with GBS septicemia in two neonates; beads of perspiration were the first only clinical finding in one neonate too. Two cases of late-onset infection are also reported.

Published
1995

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