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During the editing of the paper "In memory of Pietro Doderlein" (Massa et al. 2018), consulting Doderlein's bibliography, and highlighting some interesting documents and the material preserved in the Museum of Zoology of the University of Palermo (MZPA) (today named after Doderlein), a taxonomic anomaly was noticed about a grouper collected more than one hundred years ago. The aim of the present statement is to prove that the name Cerna sicana Doderlein, 1882 (presently as Epinephelus sicanus [Doderlein, 1882]) should be considered a valid species unless it is demonstrated that it is a synonym of another valid species. In 1882 Doderlein described Cerna sicana from a single specimen (Fig. 1). The holotype is a female, composed of three parts: MZPA-P/46 comprising the stuffed specimen bearing the external anatomical features (Fig. 1), MZPA-AN/440 comprising the dry gill arches and the heart (Fig. 2), and MZPA-AN/1233 comprising the vertebral column (Fig. 3). The eyes and the digestive and reproductive organs, originally stored in liquid, are lost. The specimen was collected in the central Mediterranean Sea along the coast of northern Sicily (Palermo), southern Italy, in December 1882 and deposited at the Museum of Zoology "P. Doderlein" of the University of Palermo. Later Doderlein (1889) moved the species to the genus Epinephelus Bloch, 1793. About his new species, Doderlein (1882) wrote (translated from Italian): "Serranus Cernioides, Brito Capello, and Serranus Caninus, Val., are those most related to this … It should be established if its characters could allow it to be described as a new species or if they could be anomalies of one of the previously cited species. In order to highlight the peculiar characters, I tentatively decide to name it Serranus or Cerna Sicana, after the locality where it was caught". Doderlein (1889) wrote about the new species to D.S. Jordan[1] then at the Indiana University of Bloomington (USA), who replied that he considered E. sicanus as a valid species, and that Jordan noted two other adults and a third young specimen collected in Brazil, in 1865, in the Louis Agassiz collection, preserved in the Museum of Cambridge (presently Museum of Comparative Zoology-MCZ, Harvard University, USA) that he considered as possibly conspecific with E. sicanus. According to A. Williston (MCZ curator, pers. comm.) two likely candidates for these Jordan-Doderlein specimens are still present in the museum (voucher codes MCZ 9787 and MCZ 9788), identified as "Epinephelus (allied to nigritus, perhaps new)". Soon after, Jordan Eigenmann (1890) synonymized Cerna sicana with Epinephelus merus (Poey, 1868). Subsequently, Boulenger (1895) synonymized Epinephelus merus and E. sicanus with Epinephelus nigritus (Holbrook, 1855), apparently without observing the holotype of C. sicana as argued by Tortonese (1956). [1]       Jordan (1891) described Symphodus doderleini with the following etymology: "We have given to it the new name of Symphodus doderleini, in honor of our excellent friend Prof. Pietro Doderlein of the University of Palermo"; this is a proof of the esteem that he had for him.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the survival at 1 and 4 years of short implants retaining removable partial dentures (RPDs) in Kennedy Class I and II edentulism., Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (Kennedy Class I and II) rehabilitated with RPDs were selected for the insertion of one short implant in the distal edentulous ridge, connected to the RPD with a Locator attachment after osseointegration. The following data were recorded at the 1- and 4-year follow-up: bone loss, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), implant mobility, and survival., Results: Thirty-five implants were placed from September 2012 to April 2014. At the 4-year follow-up, 12 implants showed BOP, and for PD, 15 implants showed 2 mm, 16 implants showed 3 mm, and 2 implants showed 4 mm. One implant showed mobility, and two were lost (survival rate: 94.3%; 95% CI: 80.84 to 99.30). The mean bone loss was 1.04 ± 1.88 mm., Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the implant survival rate and the mean bone loss values reported are comparable with those reported by other authors. The use of short implants for retaining RPDs may be considered a viable treatment option for patients with distal edentulism and contraindications for more complex implant rehabilitation.

Purpose: To verify whether single-implant-supported mandibular overdentures improve thickness discrimination., Materials and Methods: A selection of edentulous patients treated with single-implant-supported overdentures underwent interocclusal thickness discrimination tests using dedicated metal strips. Fifteen patients were included, and recordings were repeated five times: with complete dentures in place before placement of implants, the day of the prosthetic connection, and 1 month, 1 year, and 6 years after the connection., Results and Conclusion: Thickness discrimination improved at the 1-month recall recording, while after 1 year, it remained stable at low levels.

Purpose: This preliminary case series report sought to evaluate the efficacy of an immediate loading protocol for mandibular overdentures retained by two mini-implants with the outcome measures patient satisfaction, masticatory cycles, and masticatory efficiency at 1 year., Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of 11 patients was recruited, and the clinical protocol consisted of immediately loading two mini-implants (10 mm long and 2.4 mm or 2.9 mm in diameter) via a mandibular overdenture connection with Locator attachments. Each patient completed a satisfaction questionnaire and underwent masticatory cycle recordings and masticatory efficiency tests. Implant-related evaluations were carried out by assessing probing depth (PD), Plaque Index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), mobility, and pain. All tests and evaluations were carried out six times: before implant surgery (T 0 ), just before implant surgery with patient under anesthesia (T 1 ), following implant insertion with patient still under anesthesia (T 2 ), and at 3 months (T 3 ), 6 months (T 6 ), and 1 year (T 12 ) after implant insertion., Results: Implant survival rate was 95%, and statistically significant increases (P < .05) in masticatory cycle patterns, masticatory efficiency, comfort, stability, and phonetics were also recorded., Conclusion: The employed treatment protocol suggests promise as a viable treatment option that in the short term provides improved prosthesis stability, comfort, and function while decreasing surgical invasiveness. Long-term follow-up outcomes in larger patient sample studies will be required to confirm and validate the merits of this preliminary report.

Statement of Problem: The time and cost of conventional complete denture procedures have been questioned in favor of simplified and faster methods. Whether the simplified edentulous treatment (SET) method yields complete dentures with acceptable outcomes is unclear., Purpose: The purpose of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to evaluate the outcomes of 2 techniques in providing complete dentures: the conventional and the SET methods., Material and Methods: Three Italian academic institutions participated in this single-blind parallel RCT. In total, 64 participants were selected and agreed to join the study. They were allocated randomly to 1 of 2 treatment groups, the conventional and SET group: 32 participants per group, 50% women in each group. Treatment was provided by final year predoctoral dental students. The time required for the clinical and laboratory procedures, the number of clinical sessions, and the laboratory returns were recorded. The clinical quality of the dentures and participant satisfaction were evaluated using questionnaires. Differences between treatment group outcomes were analyzed with 2-tailed independent sample Student t tests for clinical and technical timing and clinical and technical steps and Mann-Whitney U tests for denture quality and participant satisfaction (α=.05)., Results: The clinical time required (-34%, P<.001), number of clinical sessions (-34%, P<.001), and laboratory returns (-46.5%, P<.001) were significantly lower for the SET than for the conventional method. The laboratory time required (-10.6%) was not significantly less with the SET method (P=.06). Participant satisfaction (P=.816) and prosthodontist ratings of denture quality (P=.539) were comparable between the groups. The participants appreciated the reduced number of clinical sessions with SET (P=.003)., Conclusions: Simplified edentulous treatment may be considered a reliable method for providing complete dentures in a shorter timeframe while maintaining denture quality and patient satisfaction., (Copyright © 2017 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

In the United States, dietary supplement use in adults aged 20 and older has increased significantly in the last 2 decades. Intraoperative and postoperative bleeding has been among the complications linked with usage, which is particularly problematic if patients do not disclose use to the dental practitioner. The aim of this article is to present a case report of a patient who had been taking dietary supplements for only 1 month and developed severe bleeding after receiving second-stage implant abutment insertion surgery. The article also presents a review of several supplements that can increase the risk for bleeding complications.

Technical difficulties in the construction of hard palate obturators following oncologic surgery are due to the recording limitations of the entire defect area, plus prosthesis base instability during recording of maxillomandibular relationships. This article describes a time-saving technique that ensures stable and precise recording bases. A light-polymerizing acrylic resin layer is used for making the first impression of the defect, while simultaneously obtaining an acrylic resin impression tray and base for recording maxillomandibular relationships. Adhesive paper copies are used for the arrangement of the anterior teeth.

Purpose: This trial aimed to compare a new technique for defining and transferring the esthetic arrangement to the laboratory with the traditional method., Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty-three consecutive edentulous patients were randomly assigned to a case or control group. The case group received arrangement using adhesive paper teeth. The control group received traditional standard care selection and arrangement of anterior teeth. Measured outcomes were the time needed for arrangement and adjustments, patient satisfaction, and number of adjustments at the trial session., Results: Satisfaction and number of adjustments needed were not statistically different in the two groups. The time needed for arranging teeth was statistically less in the case group., Conclusion: The technique reduces the time necessary for the esthetic arrangement while maintaining comparable quality of the trial and definitive denture.

A new technique for making complete denture in a reduced number of clinical sessions maintaining high quality standards is described. This method has been named SET, acronymic for simplified edentulous treatment. SET is a flexible method that can be performed in one, or more sittings, to meet the patient's requirements and/or according to the dentist's preference. All the traditional principles in making complete denture are respected, but new and innovative materials have been designed, built, tested and set up: the multilayer impression tray (MIT) and the bone resorption compensating curve (BRCC). In the first sitting the clinician can obtain, without the need of a dental laboratory, all the clinical information necessary for processing and delivering the denture.

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