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1. Ultrastructural Morphology of the Ependyma and Choroid Plexus in the African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus)

Author

Olude M. A., Olopade F. E., Mustapha O. A., Bello S. T., Ihunwo A. O., Plendl J., and Olopade J. O.

Subjects
african giant rat, choroid plexus, ependymal, tight junctions, ultrastructure, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Ependymal cells line the interface between the ventricular surfaces and the brain parenchyma. These cells, in addition to the choroid plexus, form the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) and serve important functions in the protection and regulation of brain metabolism. The African giant rat (AGR) has been used as sentinels to detect potential neuropathology arising from ecotoxicological pollutions. This study examined the lateral ventricular lining by using histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Marked variations were observed in some regions of the ventricles which showed multi-layering of ependymal cells that differed from the typical single layered ependymal cells at the apical surface, while subependymal structures revealed indistinctive neuropil and glia following histological examinations. The ependymal cells which form the epithelial lining of the ventricles were comprised of cuboidal or low columnar cells, with the plasmalemma of abutting cells forming intercellular bridge appearing links by: tight junctions (zonula occludens), intermediate junctions (zonula adherens), desmosomes (macula adherens) and infrequent gap junctions. The choroid plexus revealed cells of Kolmer with several cilia and microvilli. The possible functional components of the ependyma and choroid plexus morphology of the AGR are discussed and thus provide a baseline for further research on the AGR brain.

Published
2021
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3. Lessons learned after three years of SPIDER operation and the first MITICA integrated tests

Author

Marcuzzi, D., Toigo, V., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Bello, S. Dal, Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Pasqualotto, R., Pavei, M., Serianni, G., Zanotto, L., Agnello, R., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Berton, G., Bigi, M., Brombin, M., Candela, V., Candeloro, V., Canton, A., Casagrande, R., Cavallini, C., Cavazzana, R., Cordaro, L., Cruz, N., Palma, M. Dalla, Dan, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., De Nardi, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Gaio, E., Gasparrini, C., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., La Rosa, A., Lopez-Bruna, D., Lorenzini, R., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marconato, N., Mario, I., Martini, G., Milazzo, R., Patton, T., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Poggi, C., Pomaro, N., Pouradier-Duteil, B., Recchia, M., Rigoni-Garola, A., Rizzetto, D., Rizzolo, A., Santoro, F., Sartori, E., Segalini, B., Shepherd, A., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Tinti, P., Tomsič, P., Trevisan, L., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Valisa, M., Veronese, F., Vignando, M., Zaccaria, P., Zagorski, R., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Zuin, M., Cavenago, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Decamps, H., Geli, F., Sharma, A., Veltri, P., Zacks, J., Simon, M., Paolucci, F., Garbuglia, A., Gutierrez, D., Masiello, A., Mico, G., Labate, C., Readman, P., Bragulat, E., Bailly-Maitre, L., Gomez, G., Kouzmenko, G., Albajar, F., Kashiwagi, M., Tobari, H., Kojima, A., Murayama, M., Hatakeyama, S., Oshita, E., Maejima, T., Shibata, N., Yamashita, Y., Watanabe, K., Singh, N. P., Singh, M. J., Dhola, H., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Wimmer, C., Wünderlich, D., Tsumori, K., Croci, G., Gorini, G., Muraro, A., Rebai, M., Tardocchi, M., Giacomelli, L., Rigamonti, D., Taccogna, F., Bruno, D., Rutigliano, M., Longo, S., Deambrosis, S., Miorin, E., Montagner, F., Tonti, A., and Panin, F.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

ITER envisages the use of two heating neutral beam injectors plus an optional one as part of the auxiliary heating and current drive system. The 16.5 MW expected neutral beam power per injector is several notches higher than worldwide existing facilities. A Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) was established at Consorzio RFX, exploiting the synergy of two test beds, SPIDER and MITICA. SPIDER is dedicated to developing and characterizing large efficient negative ion sources at relevant parameters in ITER-like conditions: source and accelerator located in the same vacuum where the beam propagates, immunity to electromagnetic interferences of multiple radio-frequency (RF) antennas, avoidance of RF-induced discharges on the outside of the source. Three years of experiments on SPIDER have addressed to the necessary design modifications to enable full performances. The source is presently under a long shut-down phase to incorporate learnings from the experimental campaign. Parallelly, developments on MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER NBI featuring a 1 MV accelerator and ion neutralization, are underway including manufacturing of in-vessel components, while power supplies and auxiliary plants are already under final testing and commissioning. Integration, commissioning and tests of the 1MV power supplies are essential for this first-of-kind system, unparalleled both in research and industry field. The integrated test to confirm 1MV output by combining invertor systems, DC generators and transmission lines extracted errors/accidents in some components. To realize a concrete system for ITER, solutions for the repair and the improvement of the system were developed. Hence, NBTF is emerging as a necessary facility, due to the large gap with existing injectors, effectively dedicated to identify issues and find solutions to enable successful ITER NBI operations in a time bound fashion.

Published
2023
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4. Conceptual design of the Gas Injection and Vacuum System for DTT NBI

Author

Agostinetti, P., Bello, S. Dal, Dinh, F., Ferrara, A., Fincato, M., Grando, L., Mura, M., Murari, A., Sartori, E., Siragusa, M., Siviero, F., and Veronese, F.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) is a new experimental facility whose construction is starting in Frascati, Rome, Italy; its main goals are improving the understanding of plasma-wall interactions and supporting the development of ITER and DEMO. DTT will be equipped with a Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) based on negative deuterium ions, designed to inject 10 MW of power to the tokamak. A fundamental system for the good operations of the DTT NBI will be its Gas injection and Vacuum System (GVS). Indeed, the efficiency of the entire NBI strongly depends on the good performance of its GVS. The GVS for DTT NBI will be composed of two systems working in parallel: a grounded section connected to the main vacuum vessel, and a high voltage part connected to the ion source vessel and working at -510 kV voltage. The grounded part will feature a fore vacuum system (given by screw and roots pumps) plus a high vacuum system based on turbo-molecular pumps located on the side walls of the vessel and Non-Evaporable Getter (NEG) pumps located inside the vessel on the upper and lower surfaces. On the other hand, the high voltage part will feature a fore vacuum system (given by two compact screw pumps mounted on the external surface for the ion source vessel) plus a high vacuum system based on turbo-molecular pumps also located on the sidewalls of the ion source vessel. A dedicated deuterium gas injection will feed the process gas to the ion source and the neutralizer. This paper gives a description of the conceptual design of the GVS for DTT NBI, and of the procedure followed to optimize this system considering the operational requirements and the other constraints of the DTT NBI., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, presented at the SOFT 2022 conference

Published
2023
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5. Safeguarding Biodiversity and Future Generations: An Application of RESRAD Codes for Nuclear Emergency Planning and Response

Author

Bello, S., Simon, J., Ahmad, U. F., Aliyu, A. S., Godwin, I., Nasiru, A. M., Yusuf, J. A., Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Tolio, Tullio A. M., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Schmitt, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Shams, Afaque, editor, Al-Athel, Khaled, editor, Tiselj, Iztok, editor, Pautz, Andreas, editor, and Kwiatkowski, Tomasz, editor

Published
2024
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6. Does Hausa really have infixation?

Author

Bello S. Y. Al-Hassan

Subjects
Hausa, infixation, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, GN301-674, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, African languages and literature, PL8000-8844
Abstract

Hausa is often indicated with the three most common types of affix, viz. prefix, infix and suffix. Whereas the availableness of prefixes and suffixes in the language is not in doubt, that of infixes may have resulted from erroneous perspectives. The so-called infixes in Hausa are, in truth, a relay of suffixes that became obscured by phonology or deletion, envisaged parallactically as infixation. In two other instances, infixation either arose as a simple case of unscrupulous use of terminology or was established on a seemingly irrelevant premise, namely the non-occurrence of a tonal phenomenon. Conclusively, the existence of infixation in Hausa is extraevidential, and therefore questionable.

Published
2011

7. Transfixation in Hausa: a hypothetical analysis

Author

Bello S. Y. Al-Hassan

Subjects
tramsfixation, Hausa, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, GN301-674, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, African languages and literature, PL8000-8844
Abstract

The paper deals with the non-contiguous morphs in Hausa which are regarded as the manifestation of transfixation. Transfixation is an Afroasiatic feature that is apparent in Arabic. In the present publication it is also claimed to be evident in Hausa. The similarities between Arabic and Hausa are obvious in such linguistic phenomena as tri-literacy, the upgrading of aberrant roots and the existence in both languages of what are denominated here reduplicative and non-reduplicative transfixations. Transfixation in Hausa differentiates itself from its Arabic counterpart via vowel retention and external transfixation which makes the transfix liable to analysis as suffix in the manner of Newman (2000). But the chief contradistinguishing feature is the non-contiguity principle which establishes the affix as the critical component in the Hausa broken morphology.

Published
2011

9. Status of SPIDER beam source after the first 3.5 years of operation

Author

Pavei, M., Gasparrini, C., Berton, G., Agostini, M., Candela, V., Candeloro, V., Cavallini, C., Dan, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Duteil, B. Pouradier, La Rosa, A., Marconato, N., Segalini, B., Spolaore, M., Deambrosis, S., Miorin, E., Montagner, F., Badocco, D., Pastore, P., Nocentini, R., Bello, S. Dal, Grando, L., Boldrin, M., Marcuzzi, D., Rizzolo, A., Sartori, E., Sonato, P., and Serianni, G.

Published
2023
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12. RFX-mod2 diagnostic capability enhancements for the exploration of multi-magnetic-configurations

Author

Carraro, L, Zuin, M, Abate, D, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Belpane, A, Berton, G, Bonotto, M, Brombin, M, Cavazzana, R, Cinnirella, L, Ciufo, S, Croci, G, Cordaro, L, D'Isa, F, Dal Bello, S, Dal Molin, A, De Masi, G, Emma, G, Fadone, M, Fassina, A, Fiorucci, D, Franz, P, Grando, L, Guiotto, F, La Matina, M, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Mario, I, Marrelli, L, Milazzo, R, Molisani, S, Moresco, M, Muraro, A, Perelli Cippo, E, Peruzzo, S, Porcu, P, Pomaro, N, Puiatti, M, Putignano, O, Rigamonti, D, Rigoni Garola, A, Rizzolo, A, Ruffini, F, Scarin, P, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tardocchi, M, Terranova, D, Ugoletti, M, Valisa, M, Vianello, N, Zaniol, B, Carraro L., Zuin M., Abate D., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Aprile D., Barbisan M., Belpane A., Berton G., Bonotto M., Brombin M., Cavazzana R., Cinnirella L., Ciufo S., Croci G., Cordaro L., D'Isa F., Dal Bello S., Dal Molin A., De Masi G., Emma G., Fadone M., Fassina A., Fiorucci D., Franz P., Grando L., Guiotto F., La Matina M., Marchiori G., Marconato N., Mario I., Marrelli L., Milazzo R., Molisani S., Moresco M., Muraro A., Perelli Cippo E., Peruzzo S., Porcu P., Pomaro N., Puiatti M. E., Putignano O., Rigamonti D., Rigoni Garola A., Rizzolo A., Ruffini F., Scarin P., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Tardocchi M., Terranova D., Ugoletti M., Valisa M., Vianello N., Zaniol B., Carraro, L, Zuin, M, Abate, D, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Belpane, A, Berton, G, Bonotto, M, Brombin, M, Cavazzana, R, Cinnirella, L, Ciufo, S, Croci, G, Cordaro, L, D'Isa, F, Dal Bello, S, Dal Molin, A, De Masi, G, Emma, G, Fadone, M, Fassina, A, Fiorucci, D, Franz, P, Grando, L, Guiotto, F, La Matina, M, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Mario, I, Marrelli, L, Milazzo, R, Molisani, S, Moresco, M, Muraro, A, Perelli Cippo, E, Peruzzo, S, Porcu, P, Pomaro, N, Puiatti, M, Putignano, O, Rigamonti, D, Rigoni Garola, A, Rizzolo, A, Ruffini, F, Scarin, P, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tardocchi, M, Terranova, D, Ugoletti, M, Valisa, M, Vianello, N, Zaniol, B, Carraro L., Zuin M., Abate D., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Aprile D., Barbisan M., Belpane A., Berton G., Bonotto M., Brombin M., Cavazzana R., Cinnirella L., Ciufo S., Croci G., Cordaro L., D'Isa F., Dal Bello S., Dal Molin A., De Masi G., Emma G., Fadone M., Fassina A., Fiorucci D., Franz P., Grando L., Guiotto F., La Matina M., Marchiori G., Marconato N., Mario I., Marrelli L., Milazzo R., Molisani S., Moresco M., Muraro A., Perelli Cippo E., Peruzzo S., Porcu P., Pomaro N., Puiatti M. E., Putignano O., Rigamonti D., Rigoni Garola A., Rizzolo A., Ruffini F., Scarin P., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Tardocchi M., Terranova D., Ugoletti M., Valisa M., Vianello N., and Zaniol B.

Abstract

The RFX-mod2 device, the upgraded version of the previous RFX-mod with a modified magnetic boundary, is presently under realization and will start to be operated in 2025. Significant upgrades of the diagnostic capabilities have been proposed and are under development. These include a largely increased number of in-vessel magnetic and electrostatic sensors, a new fast reciprocating manipulator for the exploration of the edge plasma in a wide range of experimental conditions, the improved Thomson scattering and soft x-ray diagnostics system for a detailed determination of the behavior of the electron temperature profile, new dedicated systems for the space and time resolved analysis of x-ray spectra and neutron rate, a reflectometric diagnostic for real-time determination of plasma position, two diagnostics devoted to the imaging of light impurities and influxes behavior along with arrays of halo current sensors. These diagnostic upgrades will be accompanied by a significant effort to improve the control of the electron density and of the impurity influxes by means of proper treatment of plasma facing components with in-vessel fixed electrodes distributed over the first wall. The described advancements will allow a deeper understanding of physics phenomena in the wide variety of magnetic configurations, including the tokamak, the reversed-field pinch and the Ultra-low q, which can be produced in RFX-mod2 thanks to its flexibility and unique MHD control capabilities.

Published
2024

14. EUROfusion contributions to ITER nuclear operation.

Author

Litaudon, X., Fantz, U., Villari, R., Toigo, V., Aumeunier, M.-H., Autran, J.-L., Batistoni, P., Belonohy, E., Bradnam, S., Cecchetto, M., Colangeli, A., Dacquait, F., Dal Bello, S., Dentan, M., De Pietri, M., Eriksson, J., Fabbri, M., Falchetto, G., Figini, L., and Figueiredo, J.

Subjects
TRITIUM, NEUTRON irradiation, RESEARCH reactors, NEUTRAL beams, NEUTRON flux, BLOOD volume, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, HYDROGEN ions
Abstract

ITER is of key importance in the European fusion roadmap as it aims to prove the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion as a future energy source. The EUROfusion consortium of labs within Europe is contributing to the preparation of ITER scientific exploitation and operation and aspires to exploit ITER outcomes in view of DEMO. The paper provides an overview of the major progress obtained recently, carried out in the frame of the new (initiated in 2021) EUROfusion work-package called ' Pr eparation of I TER O peration' (PrIO). The overview paper is directly supported by the eleven EUROfusion PrIO contributions given at the 29th Fusion Energy Conference (16–21 October 2023) London, UK [www.iaea.org/events/fec2023]. The paper covers the following topics: (i) development and validation of tools in support to ITER operation (plasma breakdown/burn-through with evolving plasma volume, new infra-red synthetic diagnostic for off-line analysis and wall monitoring using Artificial Intelligence techniques, synthetic diagnostics development, development and exploitation of multi-machine databases); (ii) R&D for the radio-frequency ITER neutral beam sources leading to long duration of negative deuterium/hydrogen ions current extraction at ELISE and participation in the neutral beam test facility with progress on the ITER source SPIDER, and, the commissioning of the 1 MV high voltage accelerator (MITICA) with lessons learned for ITER; (iii) validation of neutronic tools for ITER nuclear operation following the second JET deuterium–tritium experimental campaigns carried out in 2021 and in 2023 (neutron streaming and shutdown dose rate calculation, water activation and activated corrosion products with advanced fluid dynamic simulation; irradiation of several materials under 14.1 MeV neutron flux etc). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. A Deep Learning System to Predict Epithelial Dysplasia in Oral Leukoplakia.

Author

Adeoye, J., Chaurasia, A., Akinshipo, A., Suleiman, I.K., Zheng, L.-W., Lo, A.W.I., Pu, J.J., Bello, S., Oginni, F.O., Agho, E.T., Braimah, R.O., and Su, Y.X.

Subjects
ORAL leukoplakia, PATIENT self-monitoring, DEEP learning, PRECANCEROUS conditions, ARTIFICIAL intelligence
Abstract

Oral leukoplakia (OL) has an inherent disposition to develop oral cancer. OL with epithelial dysplasia (OED) is significantly likely to undergo malignant transformation; however, routine OED assessment is invasive and challenging. This study investigated whether a deep learning (DL) model can predict dysplasia probability among patients with leukoplakia using oral photographs. In addition, we assessed the performance of the DL model in comparison with clinicians' ratings and in providing decision support on dysplasia assessment. Retrospective images of leukoplakia taken before biopsy/histopathology were obtained to construct the DL model (n = 2,073). OED status following histopathology was used as the gold standard for all images. We first developed, fine-tuned, and internally validated a DL architecture with an EfficientNet-B2 backbone that outputs the predicted probability of OED, OED status, and regions-of-interest heat maps. Then, we tested the performance of the DL model on a temporal cohort before geographical validation. We also assessed the model's performance at external validation with opinions provided by human raters on OED status. Performance evaluation included discrimination, calibration, and potential net benefit. The DL model achieved good Brier scores, areas under the curve, and balanced accuracies of 0.124 (0.079–0.169), 0.882 (0.838–0.926), and 81.8% (76.5–87.1) at testing and 0.146 (0.112–0.18), 0.828 (0.792–0.864), and 76.4% (72.3–80.5) at external validation, respectively. In addition, the model had a higher potential net benefit in selecting patients with OL for biopsy/histopathology during OED assessment than when biopsies were performed for all patients. External validation also showed that the DL model had better accuracy than 92.3% (24/26) of human raters in classifying the OED status of leukoplakia from oral images (balanced accuracy: 54.8%–79.7%). Overall, the photograph-based intelligent model can predict OED probability and status in leukoplakia with good calibration and discrimination, which shows potential for decision support to select patients for biopsy/histopathology, obviate unnecessary biopsy, and assist in patient self-monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Relationship between Audio-Visual Materials and Environmental Factors on Students Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Borno State: Implications for Counselling

Author

Bello, S. and Goni, Umar

Abstract

This is a survey study, designed to determine the relationship between audio-visual materials and environmental factors on students' academic performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Borno State: Implications for Counselling. The study set two research objectives, and tested two research hypotheses. The population of this study is 1,987 students from three purposively selected Secondary Schools in Maiduguri. The sample size for this study was 110. The instruments used in this study consisted of Effect of Audio-visual and Environmental Influence on Student Academic Performance Questionnaire (EAEIAPQ) with reliability indices of 0.62. Based on the obtained indices coefficients, the instrument is reliable for use in this study. The data collected from students were tested using Pearson "r" because Pearson correlates the relationship between two variables. The results obtained in this study indicated that, that there was significant relationship between students' academic performance and instructional materials, therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected and there was significant relationship between students' academic performance and environmental factors. The null hypothesis was rejected. Recommendations were made to government, College Authorities and Counsellors since the relationship was good between the variables studied there is need for the school authorities to provide all the necessary instructional materials, government should also renovates the school building for better environment in all the Secondary School in Maiduguri Borno State.

Published
2016

17. Parental Socio-Economic Status, Self-Concept and Gender Differences on Students' Academic Performance in Borno State Colleges of Education: Implications for Counselling

Author

Goni, Umar and Bello, S.

Abstract

This is a survey study, designed to determine gender differences and socio-economic status, self-concept on students' academic performance in Colleges of Education, Borno State: Implications for counselling. The study set two research objectives, answered two research questions and tested two research hypotheses. The target population of this study comprises of all the students of Colleges of Education in Borno State during 2013/2014 academic sessions. This study used Purposive Sampling Technique to select two Colleges of Education; Krejcie and Morgan's (2006)'s principle of determining sample size for research was used to select the sample and proportionate sampling procedure was also employed to draw 322 NCE III students. The instruments used in this study consisted of Socio-economic Status Questionnaire (SESQ), student's self-concept scale (SSS) and Students' Academic Performance Aptitude Tests (SAPAT) with reliability indices of 0.87, 0.62 and 0.62 respectively. Based on the obtained indices coefficients, both the instruments were reliable for use in this study. Descriptive statistic was used to answer the research questions and t-test was used to test the hypotheses The results obtained in this study indicated that, there was significant differences exist between gender and socioeconomic status among the students in Colleges of Education in Borno State. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Recommendations were made to government, College Authorities, parents, counsellors and other stakeholders in education, that College counsellors should use their techniques to counsel students to sustain and maintain the good relationship between the variables under study in Colleges of Education in Borno State.

Published
2016

18. Optimizing the ITER NBI ion source by dedicated RF driver test stand

Author

Mario, I., primary, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Pouradier-Duteil, B., additional, Sheperd, A., additional, Denizeau, S., additional, Casagrande, R., additional, Agnello, R., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Barbato, P., additional, Baseggio, L., additional, Battistella, M., additional, Berton, G., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Candeloro, V., additional, Carraro, M., additional, Cinetto, P., additional, Dal Bello, S., additional, Delogu, R., additional, Fadone, M., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Fincato, M., additional, Franchin, L., additional, Friso, D., additional, Grando, L., additional, La Rosa, A., additional, Laterza, B., additional, López-Bruna, D., additional, Magagna, M., additional, Maniero, M., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Passalacqua, G., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Ravarotto, D., additional, Rigoni-Garola, A., additional, Romanato, L., additional, Rossetto, F., additional, Segalini, B., additional, Sonato, P., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Toigo, V., additional, Tollin, M., additional, Ugoletti, M., additional, Vignando, M., additional, Zagórski, R., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Zella, D., additional, Zerbetto, E., additional, Zucchetti, S., additional, Zuin, E., additional, and Serianni, G., additional

Published
2024
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21. On the road to ITER NBIs: SPIDER improvement after first operation and MITICA construction progress

Author

Toigo, V., Marcuzzi, D., Serianni, G., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Bello, S. Dal, Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Pasqualotto, R., Zaccaria, P., Zanotto, L., Agnello, R., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Berton, G., Bigi, M., Brombin, M., Candeloro, V., Canton, A., Casagrande, R., Cavallini, C., Cavazzana, R., Cordaro, L., Cruz, N., Palma, M. Dalla, Dan, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Gaio, E., Gasparini, F., Gasparrini, C., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., Krastev, P., Lopez-Bruna, D., Lorenzini, R., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marconato, N., Martines, E., Martini, G., Martini, S., Milazzo, R., Patton, T., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Poggi, C., Pomaro, N., Pouradier-Duteil, B., Recchia, M., Rigoni-Garola, A., Rizzolo, A., Sartori, E., Shepherd, A., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Terranova, D., Tinti, P., Tomsič, P., Trevisan, L., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Vignando, M., Zagorski, R., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Zuin, M., Cavenago, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Veltri, P., Decamps, H., Dremel, M., Graceffa, J., Geli, F., Urbani, M., Zacks, J., Bonicelli, T., Paolucci, F., Garbuglia, A., Agarici, G., Gomez, G., Gutierrez, D., Kouzmenko, G., Labate, C., Masiello, A., Mico, G., Moreno, J-F, Pilard, V., Rousseau, A., Simon, M., Kashiwagi, M., Tobari, H., Watanabe, K., Maejima, T., Kojima, A., Oshita, E., Yamashita, Y., Konno, S., Singh, M., Chakraborty, A., Patel, H., Singh, N.P., Fantz, U., Bonomo, F., Cristofaro, S., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Wimmer, C., Wünderlich, D., Fubiani, G., Tsumori, K., Croci, G., Gorini, G., McCormack, O., Muraro, A., Rebai, M., Tardocchi, M., Giacomelli, L., Rigamonti, D., Taccogna, F., Bruno, D., Rutigliano, M., D'Arienzo, M., Tonti, A., and Panin, F.

Published
2021
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27. The new vessel complex for the RFX-mod2 experiment: An effective synergy between fusion research and technological development

Author

Peruzzo, S, Aprile, D, Dalla Palma, M, Pavei, M, Rizzetto, D, Rizzolo, A, Abate, D, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Andreani, R, Anselmi, F, Battistin, F, Bernardi, A, Bernardi, M, Berton, G, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bonotto, M, Brombin, M, Canton, A, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Corniani, G, Dal Bello, S, De Lorenzi, A, De Masi, G, Degli Agostini, F, Franchin, L, Franz, P, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Innocente, P, Laterza, B, Lotto, L, Manfrin, S, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martines, E, Moresco, M, Novella, A, Piovan, R, Pomaro, N, Rossetto, F, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Tiso, A, Trevisan, L, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Peruzzo S., Aprile D., Dalla Palma M., Pavei M., Rizzetto D., Rizzolo A., Abate D., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Andreani R., Anselmi F., Battistin F., Bernardi A., Bernardi M., Berton G., Bettini P., Bigi M. A., Bonotto M., Brombin M., Canton A., Carraro L., Cavazzana R., Cordaro L., Corniani G., Dal Bello S., De Lorenzi A., De Masi G., Degli Agostini F., Franchin L., Franz P., Gambetta G., Gnesotto F., Grando L., Innocente P., Laterza B., Lotto L., Manfrin S., Marchiori G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., Marrelli L., Martines E., Moresco M., Novella A., Piovan R., Pomaro N., Rossetto F., Siragusa M., Sonato P., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Terranova D., Tiso A., Trevisan L., Valente M., Valisa M., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Peruzzo, S, Aprile, D, Dalla Palma, M, Pavei, M, Rizzetto, D, Rizzolo, A, Abate, D, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Andreani, R, Anselmi, F, Battistin, F, Bernardi, A, Bernardi, M, Berton, G, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bonotto, M, Brombin, M, Canton, A, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Corniani, G, Dal Bello, S, De Lorenzi, A, De Masi, G, Degli Agostini, F, Franchin, L, Franz, P, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Innocente, P, Laterza, B, Lotto, L, Manfrin, S, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martines, E, Moresco, M, Novella, A, Piovan, R, Pomaro, N, Rossetto, F, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Tiso, A, Trevisan, L, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Peruzzo S., Aprile D., Dalla Palma M., Pavei M., Rizzetto D., Rizzolo A., Abate D., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Andreani R., Anselmi F., Battistin F., Bernardi A., Bernardi M., Berton G., Bettini P., Bigi M. A., Bonotto M., Brombin M., Canton A., Carraro L., Cavazzana R., Cordaro L., Corniani G., Dal Bello S., De Lorenzi A., De Masi G., Degli Agostini F., Franchin L., Franz P., Gambetta G., Gnesotto F., Grando L., Innocente P., Laterza B., Lotto L., Manfrin S., Marchiori G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., Marrelli L., Martines E., Moresco M., Novella A., Piovan R., Pomaro N., Rossetto F., Siragusa M., Sonato P., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Terranova D., Tiso A., Trevisan L., Valente M., Valisa M., Zaupa M., and Zuin M.

Published
2023

28. Highlights of recent SPIDER results and improvements

Author

Sartori, E, Agnello, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Casagrande, R, Dal Bello, S, Dan, M, Pouradier Duteil, B, Fadone, M, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Mario, I, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Rizzolo, A, Shepherd, A, Ugoletti, M, Veltri, P, Zaniol, B, Agostinetti, P, Aprile, D, Berton, G, Cavallini, C, Cavenago, M, Chitarin, G, Croci, G, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, De Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Luchetta, A, Lunardon, F, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Mccormack, O, Milazzo, R, Muraro, A, Patton, T, Pilan, N, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Santoro, F, Segalini, B, Siragusa, M, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Toigo, V, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Serianni, G, Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Dal Bello S., Dan M., Pouradier Duteil B., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Croci G., Delogu R., De Muri M., De Nardi M., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Toigo V., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Serianni G., Sartori, E, Agnello, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Casagrande, R, Dal Bello, S, Dan, M, Pouradier Duteil, B, Fadone, M, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Mario, I, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Rizzolo, A, Shepherd, A, Ugoletti, M, Veltri, P, Zaniol, B, Agostinetti, P, Aprile, D, Berton, G, Cavallini, C, Cavenago, M, Chitarin, G, Croci, G, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, De Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Luchetta, A, Lunardon, F, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Mccormack, O, Milazzo, R, Muraro, A, Patton, T, Pilan, N, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Santoro, F, Segalini, B, Siragusa, M, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Toigo, V, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Serianni, G, Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Dal Bello S., Dan M., Pouradier Duteil B., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Croci G., Delogu R., De Muri M., De Nardi M., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Toigo V., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., and Serianni G.

Abstract

Three years of experiments on SPIDER allowed characterization of the main features of the source plasma and of the negative ion beam, in the original design configuration. For the large dimensions of the source chamber, and of the extraction area, the investigation of the single-beamlet currents and of the source plasma uniformity had to be carried out to extend the knowledge gained in smaller prototype sources. The configuration of the multiple RF drivers and filter field topologies were found to cause a peculiar behavior in the plasma confinement in the drivers, creating left-right asymmetries which were also visible in the extracted negative ion currents, even after the early implementation of a new scheme of plasma-grid current send and return busbars that greatly improved performance at high filter fields. The plasma properties in the driver and expansion region as well as the positive ion energy at the extraction region were studied in different experimental conditions, and interpreted also with the support of numerical models, suggesting that an improved plasma confinement could contribute to the increase of the plasma density, and to a certain extent to a lowering of the plasma potential profile; both effects shall contribute to increase the presence of cold negative ions for the formation of low-divergence beamlets. Early results related to unwanted RF discharges on the back of the plasma source and the gas conductance of the beam source suggested the reduction of the vessel pressure as mitigation, leading to the definition of a new pumping system. The difficulties related to the simultaneous operation, stable control and high-power operation of multiple RF self-oscillating vacuum tube based RF generators were an unambiguous obstruction to the experimentation, calling for the implementation of RF solid-state amplifiers. The initial tests related to caesium management, the non-uniform plasma properties at different locations across the plasma grid, and the c

Published
2023

29. SPIDER, the Negative Ion Source Prototype for ITER: Overview of Operations and Cesium Injection

Author

Serianni, G, Sartori, E, Agnello, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Casagrande, R, Bello, S, Dan, M, Duteil, B, Fadone, M, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Mario, I, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Rizzolo, A, Shepherd, A, Ugoletti, M, Veltri, P, Zaniol, B, Agostinetti, P, Aprile, D, Berton, G, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cavenago, M, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Croci, G, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Delogu, R, Muri, M, Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Luchetta, A, Lunardon, F, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Mccormack, O, Milazzo, R, Muraro, A, Patton, T, Pilan, N, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Santoro, F, Segalini, B, Siragusa, M, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Toigo, V, Serianni G., Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Bello S. D., Dan M., Duteil B. P., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Cristofaro S., Croci G., Cruz N., Palma M. D., Delogu R., Muri M. D., Nardi M. D., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Toigo V., Serianni, G, Sartori, E, Agnello, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Casagrande, R, Bello, S, Dan, M, Duteil, B, Fadone, M, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Mario, I, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Rizzolo, A, Shepherd, A, Ugoletti, M, Veltri, P, Zaniol, B, Agostinetti, P, Aprile, D, Berton, G, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cavenago, M, Chitarin, G, Cristofaro, S, Croci, G, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Delogu, R, Muri, M, Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Luchetta, A, Lunardon, F, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Mccormack, O, Milazzo, R, Muraro, A, Patton, T, Pilan, N, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Santoro, F, Segalini, B, Siragusa, M, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Toigo, V, Serianni G., Sartori E., Agnello R., Agostini M., Barbisan M., Bigi M., Boldrin M., Brombin M., Candeloro V., Casagrande R., Bello S. D., Dan M., Duteil B. P., Fadone M., Grando L., Jain P., Maistrello A., Mario I., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Rizzolo A., Shepherd A., Ugoletti M., Veltri P., Zaniol B., Agostinetti P., Aprile D., Berton G., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cavenago M., Chitarin G., Cristofaro S., Croci G., Cruz N., Palma M. D., Delogu R., Muri M. D., Nardi M. D., Denizeau S., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Luchetta A., Lunardon F., Manduchi G., Marconato N., Marcuzzi D., McCormack O., Milazzo R., Muraro A., Patton T., Pilan N., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Santoro F., Segalini B., Siragusa M., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zanotto L., Zaupa M., Zuin M., and Toigo V.

Abstract

An overview of the recent operations and the main results of cesium injection in the Source for the Production of Ions of Deuterium Extracted from Rf plasma (SPIDER) negative ion source are described in this contribution. In experiments without cesium injection, all SPIDER plants were tested to verify the basic expectations on the operational parameters (e.g., electron cooling effectiveness of magnetic filter field) and to determine its operational region. For beam properties, it was shown that the current density varies across the beam in the vertical direction. In preliminary cesium experiments, the expected increase of negative ion current and simultaneous decrease of co-extracted electrons were found, along with the influence of the control parameters (polarization of the plasma electrodes, magnetic filter field) on the SPIDER beam uniformity in the horizontal and vertical directions. It was shown that non-Gaussian tails can be identified in the angular distribution on the plane perpendicular to the beam propagation direction. Stray particles, nonhomogeneous beam and large divergence might result in unexpected heat and particle loads over ITER neutral beam injector (NBI) accelerator grids; it is the goal of SPIDER to assess and possibly to identify suitable methods for controlling these beam features. A major shutdown, planned for late 2021, to solve the issues identified during the operation and to carry out scheduled modifications, is outlined. Such improvements are expected to allow SPIDER to pursue the ITER requirements in terms of negative ion current, electron-to-ion ratio, and beam duration.

Published
2023

30. Lessons learned after three years of SPIDER operation and the first MITICA integrated tests

Author

Marcuzzi, D, Toigo, V, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Serianni, G, Zanotto, L, Agnello, R, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Berton, G, Bigi, M, Brombin, M, Candela, V, Candeloro, V, Canton, A, Casagrande, R, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Cruz, N, Dalla Palma, M, Dan, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, De Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, La Rosa, A, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marconato, N, Mario, I, Martini, G, Milazzo, R, Patton, T, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Pomaro, N, Pouradier-Duteil, B, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Rizzetto, D, Rizzolo, A, Santoro, F, Sartori, E, Segalini, B, Shepherd, A, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tinti, P, Tomsic, P, Trevisan, L, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veronese, F, Vignando, M, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Cavenago, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Decamps, H, Geli, F, Sharma, A, Veltri, P, Zacks, J, Simon, M, Paolucci, F, Garbuglia, A, Gutierrez, D, Masiello, A, Mico, G, Labate, C, Readman, P, Bragulat, E, Bailly-Maitre, L, Gomez, G, Kouzmenko, G, Albajar, F, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Kojima, A, Murayama, M, Hatakeyama, S, Oshita, E, Maejima, T, Shibata, N, Yamashita, Y, Watanabe, K, Singh, N, Singh, M, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Wimmer, C, Wunderlich, D, Tsumori, K, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Rigamonti, D, Taccogna, F, Bruno, D, Rutigliano, M, Longo, S, Deambrosis, S, Miorin, E, Montagner, F, Tonti, A, Panin, F, Marcuzzi D., Toigo V., Boldrin M., Chitarin G., Dal Bello S., Grando L., Luchetta A., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Serianni G., Zanotto L., Agnello R., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Aprile D., Barbisan M., Battistella M., Berton G., Bigi M., Brombin M., Candela V., Candeloro V., Canton A., Casagrande R., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cordaro L., Cruz N., Dalla Palma M., Dan M., De Lorenzi A., Delogu R., De Muri M., De Nardi M., Denizeau S., Fadone M., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Gnesotto F., Jain P., La Rosa A., Lopez-Bruna D., Lorenzini R., Maistrello A., Manduchi G., Manfrin S., Marconato N., Mario I., Martini G., Milazzo R., Patton T., Peruzzo S., Pilan N., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Pomaro N., Pouradier-Duteil B., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Rizzetto D., Rizzolo A., Santoro F., Sartori E., Segalini B., Shepherd A., Siragusa M., Sonato P., Sottocornola A., Spada E., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Tinti P., Tomsic P., Trevisan L., Ugoletti M., Valente M., Valisa M., Veronese F., Vignando M., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zaniol B., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Cavenago M., Boilson D., Rotti C., Decamps H., Geli F., Sharma A., Veltri P., Zacks J., Simon M., Paolucci F., Garbuglia A., Gutierrez D., Masiello A., Mico G., Labate C., Readman P., Bragulat E., Bailly-Maitre L., Gomez G., Kouzmenko G., Albajar F., Kashiwagi M., Tobari H., Kojima A., Murayama M., Hatakeyama S., Oshita E., Maejima T., Shibata N., Yamashita Y., Watanabe K., Singh N. P., Singh M. J., Dhola H., Fantz U., Heinemann B., Wimmer C., Wunderlich D., Tsumori K., Croci G., Gorini G., Muraro A., Rebai M., Tardocchi M., Giacomelli L., Rigamonti D., Taccogna F., Bruno D., Rutigliano M., Longo S., Deambrosis S., Miorin E., Montagner F., Tonti A., Panin F., Marcuzzi, D, Toigo, V, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Serianni, G, Zanotto, L, Agnello, R, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Berton, G, Bigi, M, Brombin, M, Candela, V, Candeloro, V, Canton, A, Casagrande, R, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Cruz, N, Dalla Palma, M, Dan, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, De Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, La Rosa, A, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marconato, N, Mario, I, Martini, G, Milazzo, R, Patton, T, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Pomaro, N, Pouradier-Duteil, B, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Rizzetto, D, Rizzolo, A, Santoro, F, Sartori, E, Segalini, B, Shepherd, A, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tinti, P, Tomsic, P, Trevisan, L, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veronese, F, Vignando, M, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Cavenago, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Decamps, H, Geli, F, Sharma, A, Veltri, P, Zacks, J, Simon, M, Paolucci, F, Garbuglia, A, Gutierrez, D, Masiello, A, Mico, G, Labate, C, Readman, P, Bragulat, E, Bailly-Maitre, L, Gomez, G, Kouzmenko, G, Albajar, F, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Kojima, A, Murayama, M, Hatakeyama, S, Oshita, E, Maejima, T, Shibata, N, Yamashita, Y, Watanabe, K, Singh, N, Singh, M, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Wimmer, C, Wunderlich, D, Tsumori, K, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Rigamonti, D, Taccogna, F, Bruno, D, Rutigliano, M, Longo, S, Deambrosis, S, Miorin, E, Montagner, F, Tonti, A, Panin, F, Marcuzzi D., Toigo V., Boldrin M., Chitarin G., Dal Bello S., Grando L., Luchetta A., Pasqualotto R., Pavei M., Serianni G., Zanotto L., Agnello R., Agostinetti P., Agostini M., Aprile D., Barbisan M., Battistella M., Berton G., Bigi M., Brombin M., Candela V., Candeloro V., Canton A., Casagrande R., Cavallini C., Cavazzana R., Cordaro L., Cruz N., Dalla Palma M., Dan M., De Lorenzi A., Delogu R., De Muri M., De Nardi M., Denizeau S., Fadone M., Fellin F., Ferro A., Gaio E., Gasparrini C., Gnesotto F., Jain P., La Rosa A., Lopez-Bruna D., Lorenzini R., Maistrello A., Manduchi G., Manfrin S., Marconato N., Mario I., Martini G., Milazzo R., Patton T., Peruzzo S., Pilan N., Pimazzoni A., Poggi C., Pomaro N., Pouradier-Duteil B., Recchia M., Rigoni-Garola A., Rizzetto D., Rizzolo A., Santoro F., Sartori E., Segalini B., Shepherd A., Siragusa M., Sonato P., Sottocornola A., Spada E., Spagnolo S., Spolaore M., Taliercio C., Tinti P., Tomsic P., Trevisan L., Ugoletti M., Valente M., Valisa M., Veronese F., Vignando M., Zaccaria P., Zagorski R., Zaniol B., Zaupa M., Zuin M., Cavenago M., Boilson D., Rotti C., Decamps H., Geli F., Sharma A., Veltri P., Zacks J., Simon M., Paolucci F., Garbuglia A., Gutierrez D., Masiello A., Mico G., Labate C., Readman P., Bragulat E., Bailly-Maitre L., Gomez G., Kouzmenko G., Albajar F., Kashiwagi M., Tobari H., Kojima A., Murayama M., Hatakeyama S., Oshita E., Maejima T., Shibata N., Yamashita Y., Watanabe K., Singh N. P., Singh M. J., Dhola H., Fantz U., Heinemann B., Wimmer C., Wunderlich D., Tsumori K., Croci G., Gorini G., Muraro A., Rebai M., Tardocchi M., Giacomelli L., Rigamonti D., Taccogna F., Bruno D., Rutigliano M., Longo S., Deambrosis S., Miorin E., Montagner F., Tonti A., and Panin F.

Abstract

ITER envisages the use of two heating neutral beam injectors plus an optional one as part of the auxiliary heating and current drive system, to reach the desired performances during its various phases of operation. The 16.5 MW expected neutral beam power per injector is several notches higher than worldwide existing facilities. In order to enable such development, a Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) was established at Consorzio RFX, exploiting the synergy of two test beds, called SPIDER and MITICA. SPIDER is dedicated developing and characterizing large efficient negative ion sources at relevant parameters in ITER-like conditions: source and accelerator located in the same vacuum where the beam propagates, immunity to electromagnetic interferences of multiple radio-frequency (RF) antennas, avoidance of RF-induced discharges on the outside of the source. Three years of experiments on SPIDER have addressed to the necessary design modifications to enable full performances. The source is presently under a long shut-down phase to incorporate learnings from the experimental campaign, in particular events/issues occurred during operation, which led to the identification of improvement opportunities/necessities (e.g. RF discharges, local burns, water leaks, other damages, configuration/design upgrades to maximize chances/margin to quest target parameters). Parallelly, developments on MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) featuring a 1 MV accelerator and ion neutralization, are underway including manufacturing of the beam source, accelerator and the beam line components, while power supplies and auxiliary plants, already installed, are under final testing and commissioning. Integration, commissioning and tests of the 1 MV power supplies are essential for this first-of-kind system, unparalleled both in research and industry field. 1.2 MV dc insulating tests of high voltage components were successfully completed. The integrated test to confir

Published
2023

32. SPIDER in the roadmap of the ITER neutral beams

Author

Serianni, G., Toigo, V., Bigi, M., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Dal Bello, S., Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Marcuzzi, D., Pasqualotto, R., Pomaro, N., Zaccaria, P., Zanotto, L., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Brombin, M., Cavazzana, R., Dalla Palma, M., Dan, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferbel, L., Ferro, A., Gaio, E., Gambetta, G., Gasparini, F., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marchiori, G., Marconato, N., Moresco, M., Patton, T., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Piovan, R., Poggi, C., Recchia, M., Rizzolo, A., Rostagni, G., Sartori, E., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Tinti, P., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Baltador, C., Cavenago, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Veltri, P., Bonicelli, T., Paolucci, F., Muriel, S., Masiello, A., Chakraborty, A., Patel, H., Singh, N.P., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Kashiwagi, M., and Tsumori, K.

Published
2019
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34. Spider beam source ready for operation

Author

Pavei, M., Marcuzzi, D., Zaccaria, P., Agostinetti, P., Aprile, D., Barzon, A., Baseggio, L., Bernardi, M., Bigi, M., Boldrin, M., Brombin, M., Cervaro, V., Chitarin, G., Dal Bello, S., Degli Agostini, F., Fasolo, D., Franchin, L., Gambetta, G., Garbuglia, A., Geli, F., Graceffa, J., Grando, L., Laterza, B., Masiello, A., Pasqualotto, R., Recchia, M., Rizzolo, A., Rossetto, F., Serianni, G., Sottocornola, A., Spolaore, M., Tiso, A., Toigo, V., Tollin, M., Zamengo, A., and Zanotto, L.

Published
2019
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36. Innovative Concepts in the DTT Neutral Beam Injector

Author

Agostinetti, P., Benedetti, E., Bonifetto, R., Bonesso, M., Calabro, G., Cavenago, M., Crisanti, F., Dal Bello, S., Dalla Palma, M., D'Ambrosio, D., Dima, R., Favero, G., Ferro, A., Fincato, M., Grando, L., Granucci, G., Lombroni, R., Marsilio, R., Murari, A., Patton, T., Pepato, A., Raffaelli, F., Rebesan, P., Recchia, M., Ripani, M., Romano, A., Sartori, E., Scarpari, M., Variale, V., Ventura, G., Veronese, F., Zanino, R., Zappatore, A., and Zavarise, G.

Abstract

The main purpose of the divertor tokamak test (DTT) facility is to study alternative solutions to mitigate the issue of the power exhaust, under integrated physics and technical conditions relevant to ITER and DEMO. One of the most complex and innovative subsystems of the entire project is certainly the negative-ion-based neutral beam injector (NBI), meant to inject 10 MW of auxiliary power with a beam of 510 keV deuterium neutrals. This contribution describes the conceptual design of the beamline for the DTT NBI system, with a particular focus on the innovative technical solutions adopted to fulfill the requirements and maximize the performance. The DTT NBI is required to operate with high efficiency in several operating scenarios, covering a large range of beam energies, between 10% and 100% of the nominal value (510 keV). To reach this challenging goal, an innovative accelerator design, the spherical and lemon hyperlens grids (SLHGs), has been developed. The implementation of this design concept of the accelerator has recently become possible thanks to recent improvements in additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Another original aspect of the DTT NBI, compared to existing devices, regards the vacuum pumping system, which will be based on nonevaporable getter (NEG) pumps. This will represent the first application of the NEG technology to an NBI for the heating and current drive system of a fusion experiment, with a possible simplification of the overall construction, with respect to typical solutions based on cryogenic pumps. Other innovative solutions are the cylindrical sawtooth structure (CSS) for the neutralizer panels and the stray field shielding system (SFSS) with encapsulated neutralizer. This article provides an overview of the injector for DTT NBI with a particular focus on innovative technical solutions.

Published
2024
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37. Corrigendum to “Status of SPIDER beam source after the first 3.5 years of operation” [Fusion Engineering and Design, Volume 192, July 2023, 113831]

Author

Pavei, M., primary, Gasparrini, C., additional, Berton, G., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Candela, V., additional, Candeloro, V., additional, Cavallini, C., additional, Dan, M., additional, Denizeau, S., additional, Fadone, M., additional, Duteil, B. Pouradier, additional, La Rosa, A., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Segalini, B., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Deambrosis, S., additional, Miorin, E., additional, Montagner, F., additional, Badocco, D., additional, Pastore, P., additional, Nocentini, R., additional, Bello, S. Dal, additional, Grando, L., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Sartori, E., additional, Sonato, P., additional, and Serianni, G., additional

Published
2023
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39. The role of cadherins and catenins in the segregation and migration of spinal motor neurons

Author

Bello, S. M.

Subjects
570
Abstract

During development Spinal motor neurons are generated from their point of origin in the ventricular zone and migrate to reach their final settling position (motor pools) in the ventral spinal cord. The formation of motor pools depends on early motor column segregation; cadherins cell adhesive proteins have been implicated in the segregation of motor neurons in the spinal cord but the exact role for these cell-cell adhesion molecules in the organisation and migration of spinal motor neurons during development is not established. I show that during development expression of cadherins contribute to the organisation and migration of spinal lateral motor column (LMC) motor neurons to their final settling positions and there is close association between spinal motor neuron and radial glia. Misexpression of a dominant negative cadherin results in abnormal migration of spinal motor neurons and columnar desegregation. Similarly, expression of a dominant negative catenin (a major cytoplasmic binding partner to cadherins) results in columnar desegregation and arrest of motor neuron along their migratory route. Perturbations of Wnt signalling have no effect on motor neurons migration indicating that the results are due to perturbation of cadherin adhesive function. Our observation that cadherin and catenins but not Wnt signalling contributes to normal migration and segregation of spinal motor neurons, suggest that cadherin may act in close association with radial glia in directing the migration of spinal motor neurons similar to the establish role of radial glia in cortical neuronal migration.

Published
2013

42. Enhancing University Students’ Ecoliteracy Through Concept Mapping Instructional Strategy

Author

Bello S., Gatawa M.I., and Mani B.U.

Abstract

Lives on earth solely depend on the environment for food, shelter and production of the next generation. Ecologically literate society ensures the sustainability of a healthy environment for future generations. This study aimed at enhancing the ecoliteracy of university students through concept mapping. To achieve that, four research questions and hypotheses were answered and tested respectively. Quasi-experimental design, involving experimental and control groups, was employed. 210 students were selected from four programmes in the two universities in Sokoto State, Nigeria using convenient and random sampling techniques. The ecological knowledge and Thinking Test was used for data collection. The statistical tool used for data analysis was independent t-test. The study found that both concept mapping and lecture methods enhanced students’ ecological knowledge, but concept maps enhanced students' critical thinking more than lecture methods. Thus, the study recommends the use of concept mapping during ecoliteracy training designed to promote ecological critical thinking.

Published
2023
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44. Highlights of recent SPIDER results and improvements

Author

Sartori, E., primary, Agnello, R., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Barbisan, M., additional, Bigi, M., additional, Boldrin, M., additional, Brombin, M., additional, Candeloro, V., additional, Casagrande, R., additional, Dal Bello, S., additional, Dan, M., additional, Pouradier Duteil, B., additional, Fadone, M., additional, Grando, L., additional, Jain, P., additional, Maistrello, A., additional, Mario, I., additional, Pasqualotto, R., additional, Pavei, M., additional, Pimazzoni, A., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Rizzolo, A., additional, Shepherd, A., additional, Ugoletti, M., additional, Veltri, P., additional, Zaniol, B., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Aprile, D., additional, Berton, G., additional, Cavallini, C., additional, Cavenago, M., additional, Chitarin, G., additional, Croci, G., additional, Delogu, R., additional, De Muri, M., additional, De Nardi, M., additional, Denizeau, S., additional, Fellin, F., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Gaio, E., additional, Gasparrini, C., additional, Luchetta, A., additional, Lunardon, F., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Marconato, N., additional, Marcuzzi, D., additional, McCormack, O., additional, Milazzo, R., additional, Muraro, A., additional, Patton, T., additional, Pilan, N., additional, Recchia, M., additional, Rigoni-Garola, A., additional, Santoro, F., additional, Segalini, B., additional, Siragusa, M., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Taliercio, C., additional, Toigo, V., additional, Zaccaria, P., additional, Zagorski, R., additional, Zanotto, L., additional, Zaupa, M., additional, Zuin, M., additional, and Serianni, G., additional

Published
2023
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47. A substantial step forward in the realization of the ITER HNB system: The ITER NBI Test Facility

Author

Toigo, V., Piovan, R., Dal Bello, S., Gaio, E., Luchetta, A., Pasqualotto, R., Zaccaria, P., Bigi, M., Chitarin, G., Marcuzzi, D., Pomaro, N., Serianni, G., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Baltador, C., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Boldrin, M., Brombin, M., Dalla Palma, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Finotti, C., Fiorentin, A., Gambetta, G., Gnesotto, F., Grando, L., Jain, P., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Marconato, N., Moresco, M., Ocello, E., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Recchia, M., Rizzolo, A., Rostagni, G., Sartori, E., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Valente, M., Veltri, P., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zanotto, L., Zaupa, M., Boilson, D., Graceffa, J., Svensson, L., Schunke, B, Decamps, H., Urbani, M., Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M., Bonicelli, T., Agarici, G., Masiello, A., Paolucci, F., Simon, M., Bailly-Maitre, L, Bragulat, E., Gomez, G., Gutierrez, D., Mico, G., Moreno, J.-F., Pilard, V., Kashiwagi, M., Hanada, M., Tobari, H., Watanabe, K., Maeshima, T., Kojima, A., Umeda, N., Yamanaka, H., Chakraborty, A., Baruah, U., Rotti, C., Patel, H., Nagaraju, M.V., Singh, N.P., Patel, A., Dhola, H., Raval, B., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Hanke, S., Hauer, V., Ochoa, S., Blatchford, P., Chuilon, B., Xue, Y., De Esch, H.P.L., Hemsworth, R., Croci, G., Gorini, G., Rebai, M., Muraro, A., Cavenago, M., D'Arienzo, M., and Sandri, S.

Published
2017
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50. Heamatological and Serum Biochemical Indices of Red Sokoto Goats Fed Different Forms of Neem Leaves and a Concentrate Diet

Author

Bukola, O. A, Sadiq, M. S, Shettima, I, Itodo, J. I, Hammed, M. A, Yusuf, S. J, Bello, S. H, and David, I. E

Subjects
General Engineering
Abstract

The study evaluated the heamatological and serum biochemical indices of red sokoto goats fed different forms of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves and a concentrate diet. The experiment was carried out at the small ruminants unit Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University of Kashere. Gombe state , Nigeria. Sixteen red sokoto goats (bucks) were allotted into four (4) treatments of four goats each. The goats were fed fresh neem leaves, neem leaves hay, neem leaves meal and neem leaves silage at 300g/goat/day for treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively; and concentrate diet at 125g/goat/day for a duration of sixty three (63) days. Water was served ad-libitum. The experimental design was a completely randomized design; data were analyzed using a one way analysis of variance. The significant means were separated using least significant difference contained in SAS 2010 statistical package. The concentrate and the neem leaves were analyzed for their proximate composition using the method of AOAC 2000. Values for all the haematological indices except esinophil were not significantly different, the values for esinophil ranged from 1.07–1.57%. All the serum biochemical values were significantly (P

Published
2022
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