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In this paper, we introduce a novel direct maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approach that combines the backstepping controller (BSC) and the super-twisting algorithm (STA). The direct backstepping super-twisting algorithm control (BSSTAC) MPPT was developed to extract the maximum power point (MPP) produced by a photovoltaic (PV) generator connected to the battery through a boost DC-DC converter. To reduce the number of sensors required for the BSSTAC implementation, a high gain observer (HGO) was proposed to estimate the value of the state of the PV storage system from measurements of the PV generator voltage and current. The suggested technique is based on the quadratic Lyapunov function and does not employ a standard MPPT algorithm. Results show that the suggested control scheme has good tracking performance with reduced overshoot, chattering, and settling time as compared to the prevalent MPPT tracking algorithms such as perturb and observe (P&O), conventional sliding mode control (CSMC), BSC, and integral backstepping controller (IBSC). Finally, real-time findings using the dSPACE DS 1104 software indicate that the generator PV can accurately forecast the MPP, as well as the efficacy of the suggested MPPT technique. The provided approach's effectiveness has been validated by a comprehensive comparison with different methods, resulting in the greatest efficiency of 99.88% for BSSTAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new robust super-twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) strategy for a standalone hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). A voltage source inverter (VSI) is used to connect these sources to alternative current (AC) loads at constant voltage and frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is evaluated and tested under different scenarios of climate and load conditions, such as variations in wind speed, temperature, and irradiation, irregularity of the load power demand, unbalanced load, and nonlinear load. The performance of the STSMC controller is finally compared with the classical proportional-integral (PI) controller and with the first-order sliding mode controller (FOSMC) using a Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulation results show that the robustness and the stability of the whole system are widely improved using STSMC rather than other classical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a design and an implementation of a robust Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system with battery storage. A new control scheme is applied for the boost converter based on the combination of the adaptive perturb and observe fuzzy logic controller (P&O-FLC) MPPT technique and the backstepping sliding mode control (BS-SMC) approach. The MPPT controller design was used to accurately track the PV operating point to its maximum power point (MPP) under changing climatic conditions. The presented MPPT based on the P&O-FLC technique generates the reference PV voltage and then a cascade control loop type, based on the BS-SMC approach is used. The aims of this approach are applied to regulate the inductor current and then the PV voltage to its reference values. In order to reduce system costs and complexity, a high gain observer (HGO) was designed, based on the model of the PV system, to estimate online the real value of the boost converter's inductor current. The performance and the robustness of the BS-SMC approach are evaluated using a comparative simulation with a conventional proportional integral (PI) controller implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach not only provides a near-perfect tracking performance (dynamic response, overshoot, steady-state error), but also offers greater robustness and stability than the conventional PI controller. Experimental results fitted with dSPACE software reveal that the PV module could reach the MPP and achieve the performance and robustness of the designed BS-SMC MPPT controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]