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3. Seed Dormancy and Agriculture and Physiology

Author

Benech-Arnold, Roberto L., Verónica Rodriguez, M., Batlla, Diego, Savin, Roxana, Section editor, Slafer, Gustavo, Section editor, Meyers, Robert A., Editor-in-Chief, Savin, Roxana, editor, and Slafer, Gustavo A., editor

Published
2019
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11. The effect of parental environment on various aspects of seed biology in two species of Sorghum

Author

Benech Arnold, Roberto Luis

Subjects
580, Botany
Abstract

The effect of parental environment on dormancy, nutrient content and size in seeds of Sorghum bicolor and Sorghum halepense was investigated. The environmental factors assessed were water stress during the grain filling of both species, potassium nutrition during the life cycle of S.bicolor, and nutrient availability during the life cycle of both species. Water stress during grain filling increased the germinability of developing seeds of S.bicolor, so that they reached high termination rates earlier within the developing period than did control grains. The higher germinability of droughted developing grains was parallelled both by a lower endogenous content of abscisic acid (ABA) and by a lower embryonic sensitivity to the hormone. Water stress during grain filling also decreased dormancy of S.halepense mature seeds but through modifications in the glumes' properties that, apparently, result in a higher permeability of the glumes to the transport of oxygen to the caryopses enclosed within them. Water stress during grain filling decreased seed size in both species. A shortage in potassium availability increased germinability of developing seeds in S.bicolor, particularly when the deficiency was not extreme. This was also parallelled by a lower endogenous ABA content and by a lower sensitivity to ABA. Moderate potassium deficiency led to a shortening in the growing period of the grain and consequently seed size was reduced. Low nutrient availability to the parent plant reduced the concentration of minerals in S.halepense seeds, while the chemical composition was maintained stable in S.bicolor grains regardless of parental supply. In contrast, seed size was increased with decreasing nutrient availability in S.bicolor, while it was unaffected in S.halepense. These results are discussed in terms of differences and similarities in the reproductive strategy of both species.

Published
1991

15. Seed composition in oil crops

Author

Izquierdo, Natalia, primary, Benech-Arnold, Roberto, additional, Batlla, Diego, additional, Belo, Raúl González, additional, and Tognetti, Jorge, additional

Published
2017
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36. quantitative analysis of temperature-dependent seasonal dormancy cycling in buried Arabidopsis thaliana seeds can predict seedling emergence in a global warming scenario.

Author

Batlla, Diego, Malavert, Cristian, Farnocchia, Rocío Belén Fernández, Footitt, Steven, Benech-Arnold, Roberto Luis, and Finch-Savage, William E

Subjects
GLOBAL warming, ARABIDOPSIS thaliana, GERMINATION, SEEDS, SOIL temperature, SEASONS
Abstract

Understanding how the environment regulates seed-bank dormancy changes is essential for forecasting seedling emergence in actual and future climatic scenarios, and to interpret studies of dormancy mechanisms at physiological and molecular levels. Here, we used a population threshold modelling approach to analyse dormancy changes through variations in the thermal range permissive for germination in buried seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana Cvi, a winter annual ecotype. Results showed that changes in dormancy level were mainly associated with variations in the higher limit of the thermal range permissive for germination. Changes in this limit were positively related to soil temperature during dormancy release and induction, and could be predicted using thermal time. From this, we developed a temperature-driven simulation to predict the fraction of the seed bank able to germinate in a realistic global warming scenario that approximated seedling emergence timing. Simulations predicted, in accordance with seedling emergence observed in the field, an increase in the fraction of the seed bank able to emerge as a result of global warming. In addition, our results suggest that buried seeds perceive changes in the variability of the mean daily soil temperature as the signal to change between dormancy release and induction according to the seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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