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The scarce presence of female intellectual references, in general, and literary ones, in particular, in school textbooks at different educational levels has been documented by a diversity of authors (López-Navajas and Querol, 2014). The objective of this work is to compare its presence in fifth grade textbooks (2018-2022) for the subjects of Spanish Language and Literature, and Foreign Language, and to observe the possible similarities and divergences in relation to the different conceptualizations of each subject in the curriculum. In the case of Spanish Language and Literature, we have worked with textbooks from the publishers SM, Bromera and Santillana, while, in Foreign Language, we have analyzed textbooks from the publishers MacMillan, Richmond and OXford. In each of them we have contrasted: 1) the presence of male and female authors through texts, 2) the male and female presence in the content of these texts and the characters' roles and 3) the graphic representation of these categories. Thus, after a brief theoretical introduction on the relevance of the genealogy of female linguistic and literary knowledge, we present the results derived from the analysis of the aforementioned textbooks and we conclude with the advances found and the identified possibilities for improvement., La escasa presencia de referentes intelectuales femeninos, en general, y literarios, en particular, en los manuales escolares de los distintos niveles educativos ha sido documentada por varios/as autores/as (López-Navajas y Querol, 2014). El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar su presencia en libros de texto de quinto de Primaria (2015-1022) de las asignaturas de Lengua Castellana y Literatura y Lengua Extranjera y observar las similitudes y divergencias en relación con las distintas conceptualizaciones de cada materia en el currículum. En el caso de Lengua Castellana y Literatura, hemos trabajado con manuales de las editoriales SM, Bromera y Santillana, mientras que, en Lengua Extranjera, hemos analizado manuales de las editoriales MacMillan, Richmond y Oxford. En cada uno de ellos hemos contrastado: 1) la presencia de autores y autoras a través de textos, 2) la presencia masculina y femenina en el contenido de dichos textos y los roles desempeñados por los personajes y 3) la representación gráfica de estas categorías. Así pues, tras una breve introducción teórica sobre la relevancia de la genealogía del saber femenino lingüístico y literario, presentamos los resultados derivados del análisis de los manuales aludidos y concluimos con los avances hallados y las posibilidades de mejora identificadas en dichos libros., La faible présence de références intellectuelles féminines, en général, et littéraires, en particulier, dans les manuels scolaires des différents niveaux d’enseignement a été documentée par divers auteurs (López-Navajas et Querol, 2014). L’objectif de notre travail est de comparer sa présence dans les manuels scolaires de cinquième année (2018-2022) pour les matières de langue et littérature espagnoles et de langue étrangère et d’observer les éventuelles similitudes et divergences par rapport aux différentes conceptualisations de chaque matière du programme. Dans le cas de langue et littérature espagnoles, nous avons travaillé avec des manuels des éditeurs SM, Bromera et Santillana, tandis que, en langue étrangère, nous avons analysé des manuels des éditeurs MacMillan, Richmond et Oxford. Dans chacun d’eux nous avons contrasté: 1) la présence d’auteurs masculins et féminins à travers des textes, 2) la présence masculine et féminine dans le contenu des dits textes et les rôles joués par les personnages et 3) la représentation graphique de ces catégories. Ainsi, après une brève introduction théorique sur la pertinence de la généalogie des connaissances linguistiques et littéraires des femmes, nous présentons les résultats dérivés de l’analyse des manuels susmentionnés et nous concluons avec les avancées trouvées et les possibilités d’amélioration identifiées dans ces manuels.

Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a highly genetically heterogeneous disease. Although CLL has been traditionally considered as a mature B cell leukemia, few independent studies have shown that the genetic alterations may appear in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors. However, the presence of both chromosomal aberrations and gene mutations in CD34+ cells from the same patients has not been explored. Methods Amplicon-based deep next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies were carried out in magnetically activated-cell-sorting separated CD19+ mature B lymphocytes and CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors (n = 56) to study the mutational status of TP53, NOTCH1, SF3B1, FBXW7, MYD88, and XPO1 genes. In addition, ultra-deep NGS was performed in a subset of seven patients to determine the presence of mutations in flow-sorted CD34+CD19− early hematopoietic progenitors. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies were performed in the CD34+ cells from nine patients of the cohort to examine the presence of cytogenetic abnormalities. Results NGS studies revealed a total of 28 mutations in 24 CLL patients. Interestingly, 15 of them also showed the same mutations in their corresponding whole population of CD34+ progenitors. The majority of NOTCH1 (7/9) and XPO1 (4/4) mutations presented a similar mutational burden in both cell fractions; by contrast, mutations of TP53 (2/2), FBXW7 (2/2), and SF3B1 (3/4) showed lower mutational allele frequencies, or even none, in the CD34+ cells compared with the CD19+ population. Ultra-deep NGS confirmed the presence of FBXW7, MYD88, NOTCH1, and XPO1 mutations in the subpopulation of CD34+CD19− early hematopoietic progenitors (6/7). Furthermore, FISH studies showed the presence of 11q and 13q deletions (2/2 and 3/5, respectively) in CD34+ progenitors but the absence of IGH cytogenetic alterations (0/2) in the CD34+ cells. Combining all the results from NGS and FISH, a model of the appearance and expansion of genetic alterations in CLL w, Spanish Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Regional Development Fund(ERDF) “Una manera de hacer Europa", Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León, Fundación Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Fundación “Memoria Don Samuel Solórzano Barruso” 2016, European Union Seventh Framework Programme, Fondo Social Europeo, Depto. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fac. de Farmacia, TRUE, pub

Background Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 13q deletion as their only FISH abnormality could have a different outcome depending on the number of cells displaying this aberration. Thus, cases with a high number of 13q- cells (13q-H) had both shorter overall survival and time to first therapy. The goal of the study was to analyze the genetic profile of 13q-H patients. Design and Methods: A total of 102 samples were studied, 32 of which served as a validation cohort and five were healthy donors. Results Chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with higher percentages of 13q- cells (>80%) showed a different level of gene expression as compared to patients with lower percentages (<80%, 13q-L). This deregulation affected genes involved in apoptosis and proliferation (BCR and NFkB signaling), leading to increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis in 13q-H patients. Deregulation of several microRNAs, such as miR-15a, miR-155, miR-29a and miR-223, was also observed in these patients. In addition, our study also suggests that the gene expression pattern of 13q-H cases could be similar to the patients with 11q- or 17p-. Conclusions This study provides new evidence regarding the heterogeneity of 13q deletion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients, showing that apoptosis, proliferation as well as miRNA regulation are involved in cases with higher percentages of 13q- cells., Spanish Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Caja de Burgos-Banca Cívica, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Cancer Research Foundation of Salamanca University, Redes de Investigación, Depto. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fac. de Farmacia, TRUE, pub

Producción Científica, El uso de pedagogías feministas aplicadas a la innovación docente en las aulas universitarias garantiza un compromiso social y democrático con los Derechos Humanos y con los y con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). A tal parecer, el principal objetivo de este estudio es examinar las diversas estrategias didácticas que se integran dentro del Proyecto de Innovación Docente (PID) de la Universidad de Valladolid (UVa) «Ellas» desde el curso 2020-2021 en los Grados de Educación, que tiene como focos de interés el abordaje de estereotipos, roles y referentes en la literatura infantil y juvenil, la visibilidad de referentes femeninos y las escrituras y lecturas en clave feminista. La notoridad de este tipo de iniciativas estriba en la reivindicación de la democratización del conocimiento y del saber para hacerlos más equitativos, plurales, diversos e interrelacionados con el empoderamiento femenino como patrimonio cultural, literario e histórico. Asimismo, la Universidad se concibe como centro de responsabilidad social para las futuras generaciones de docentes, en conexión con el ODS 1 de fin de la pobreza cultural a través de la educación literaria como herramienta indispensable para el desarrollo de una ciudadanía crítica, comprometida y creativa.

Protein glycosylation, including sialylation, involves complex and frequent post-translational modifications, which play a critical role in different biological processes. The conjugation of carbohydrate residues to specific molecules and receptors is critical for normal hematopoiesis, as it favors the proliferation and clearance of hematopoietic precursors. Through this mechanism, the circulating platelet count is controlled by the appropriate platelet production by megakaryocytes, and the kinetics of platelet clearance. Platelets have a half-life in blood ranging from 8 to 11 days, after which they lose the final sialic acid and are recognized by receptors in the liver and eliminated from the bloodstream. This favors the transduction of thrombopoietin, which induces megakaryopoiesis to produce new platelets. More than two hundred enzymes are responsible for proper glycosylation and sialylation. In recent years, novel disorders of glycosylation caused by molecular variants in multiple genes have been described. The phenotype of the patients with genetic alterations in GNE, SLC35A1, GALE and B4GALT is consistent with syndromic manifestations, severe inherited thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhagic complications.

GALE gene encodes the uridine diphosphate [UDP]-galactose-4-epimerase, which catalyzes the bidirectional interconversion of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose, and UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine to UDP-N-acetyl-galactosamine. In that way, GALE balances, through reversible epimerization, the pool of four sugars that are essential during the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids. GALE-related disorder presents an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, and it is commonly associated with galactosemia. Peripheral galactosemia generally associates with non-generalized forms or even asymptomatic presentations, while classical galactosemia may be related to complications such as learning difficulties, developmental delay, cardiac failure, or dysmorphic features. Recently, GALE variants have been related to severe thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, and in one patient, to myelodysplastic syndrome.

Recent evidence suggests that the prognostic impact of gene mutations in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may differ depending on the immunoglobulin heavy variable (IGHV) gene somatic hypermutation (SHM) status. In this study, we assessed the impact of nine recurrently mutated genes (BIRC3, EGR2, MYD88, NFKBIE, NOTCH1, POT1, SF3B1, TP53, and XPO1) in pre-treatment samples from 4580 patients with CLL, using time-to-first-treatment (TTFT) as the primary end-point in relation to IGHV gene SHM status. Mutations were detected in 1588 (34.7%) patients at frequencies ranging from 2.3–9.8% with mutations in NOTCH1 being the most frequent. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, mutations in all genes except MYD88 were associated with a significantly shorter TTFT. In multivariate analysis of Binet stage A patients, performed separately for IGHV-mutated (M-CLL) and unmutated CLL (U-CLL), a different spectrum of gene alterations independently predicted short TTFT within the two subgroups. While SF3B1 and XPO1 mutations were independent prognostic variables in both U-CLL and M-CLL, TP53, BIRC3 and EGR2 aberrations were significant predictors only in U-CLL, and NOTCH1 and NFKBIE only in M-CLL. Our findings underscore the need for a compartmentalized approach to identify high-risk patients, particularly among M-CLL patients, with potential implications for stratified management.

[Background]: The microbiota is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in the pathophysiology of many diseases, including cardiometabolic diseases, with lifestyles probably exerting the greatest influence on the composition of the human microbiome. The main objectives of the study are to analyze the association of lifestyles (diet, physical activity, tobacco, and alcohol) with the gut and oral microbiota, arterial aging, and cognitive function in subjects without cardiovascular disease in the Iberian Peninsula. In addition, the study will examine the mediating role of the microbiome in mediating the association between lifestyles and arterial aging as well as cognitive function. [Methods and analysis]: MIVAS III is a multicenter cross-sectional study that will take place in the Iberian Peninsula. One thousand subjects aged between 45 and 74 years without cardiovascular disease will be selected. The main variables are demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and habits (tobacco and alcohol). Dietary patterns will be assessed using a frequency consumption questionnaire (FFQ) and the Mediterranean diet adherence questionnaire. Physical activity levels will be evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Marshall Questionnaire, and an Accelerometer (Actigraph). Body composition will be measured using the Inbody 230 impedance meter. Arterial aging will be assessed through various means, including measuring medium intimate carotid thickness using the Sonosite Micromax, conducting analysis with pulse wave velocity (PWA), and measuring pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) using the Sphygmocor System. Additional cardiovascular indicators such as Cardio Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI), ba-PWV, and ankle-brachial index (Vasera VS-2000®) will also be examined. The study will analyze the intestinal microbiota using the OMNIgene GUT kit (OMR−200) and profile the microbiome through massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Linear discriminant

Recent evidence suggests that the prognostic impact of gene mutations in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may differ depending on the immunoglobulin heavy variable (IGHV) gene somatic hypermutation (SHM) status. In this study, we assessed the impact of nine recurrently mutated genes (BIRC3, EGR2, MYD88, NFKBIE, NOTCH1, POT1, SF3B1, TP53, and XPO1) in pre-treatment samples from 4580 patients with CLL, using time-to-first-treatment (TTFT) as the primary end-point in relation to IGHV gene SHM status. Mutations were detected in 1588 (34.7%) patients at frequencies ranging from 2.3–9.8% with mutations in NOTCH1 being the most frequent. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, mutations in all genes except MYD88 were associated with a significantly shorter TTFT. In multivariate analysis of Binet stage A patients, performed separately for IGHV-mutated (M-CLL) and unmutated CLL (U-CLL), a different spectrum of gene alterations independently predicted short TTFT within the two subgroups. While SF3B1 and XPO1 mutations were independent prognostic variables in both U-CLL and M-CLL, TP53, BIRC3 and EGR2 aberrations were significant predictors only in U-CLL, and NOTCH1 and NFKBIE only in M-CLL. Our findings underscore the need for a compartmentalized approach to identify high-risk patients, particularly among M-CLL patients, with potential implications for stratified management.