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10. The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids

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Graham, S. E. (Sarah E.), Clarke, S. L. (Shoa L.), Wu, K. H. (Kuan-Han H.), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Zajac, G. J. (Greg J. M.), Ramdas, S. (Shweta), Surakka, I. (Ida), Ntalla, I. (Ioanna), Vedantam, S. (Sailaja), Winkler, T. W. (Thomas W.), Locke, A. E. (Adam E.), Marouli, E. (Eirini), Hwang, M. Y. (Mi Yeong), Han, S. (Sohee), Narita, A. (Akira), Choudhury, A. (Ananyo), Bentley, A. R. (Amy R.), Ekoru, K. (Kenneth), Verma, A. (Anurag), Trivedi, B. (Bhavi), Martin, H. C. (Hilary C.), Hunt, K. A. (Karen A.), Hui, Q. (Qin), Klarin, D. (Derek), Zhu, X. (Xiang), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Helgadottir, A. (Anna), Gudbjartsson, D. F. (Daniel F.), Holm, H. (Hilma), Olafsson, I. (Isleifur), Akiyama, M. (Masato), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terao, C. (Chikashi), Kanai, M. (Masahiro), Zhou, W. (Wei), Brumpton, B. M. (Ben M.), Rasheed, H. (Humaira), Ruotsalainen, S. E. (Sanni E.), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Veturi, Y. (Yogasudha), Feng, Q. (QiPing), Rosenthal, E. A. (Elisabeth A.), Lingren, T. (Todd), Pacheco, J. A. (Jennifer Allen), Pendergrass, S. A. (Sarah A.), Haessler, J. (Jeffrey), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Bradford, Y. (Yuki), Miller, J. E. (Jason E.), Campbell, A. (Archie), Lin, K. (Kuang), Millwood, I. Y. (Iona Y.), Hindy, G. (George), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Faul, J. D. (Jessica D.), Zhao, W. (Wei), Weir, D. R. (David R.), Turman, C. (Constance), Huang, H. (Hongyan), Graff, M. (Mariaelisa), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Brown, M. R. (Michael R.), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Yu, K. (Ketian), Schmidt, E. M. (Ellen M.), Pandit, A. (Anita), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Yin, X. (Xianyong), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Zhao, J.-H. (Jing-Hua), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Jang, H.-M. (Hye-Mi), Yoon, K. (Kyungheon), Medina-Gomez, C. (Carolina), Pitsillides, A. (Achilleas), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Wood, A. R. (Andrew R.), Ji, Y. (Yingji), Gao, Z. (Zishan), Haworth, S. (Simon), Mitchell, R. E. (Ruth E.), Chai, J. F. (Jin Fang), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Yao, J. (Jie), Manichaikul, A. (Ani), Warren, H. R. (Helen R.), Ramirez, J. (Julia), Bork-Jensen, J. (Jette), Karhus, L. L. (Line L.), Goel, A. (Anuj), Sabater-Lleal, M. (Maria), Noordam, R. (Raymond), Sidore, C. (Carlo), Fiorillo, E. (Edoardo), McDaid, A. F. (Aaron F.), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Trompet, S. (Stella), Sattar, N. (Naveed), Mollehave, L. T. (Line T.), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Munz, M. (Matthias), Zeng, L. (Lingyao), Huang, J. (Jianfeng), Yang, B. (Bin), Poveda, A. (Alaitz), Kurbasic, A. (Azra), Lamina, C. (Claudia), Forer, L. (Lukas), Scholz, M. (Markus), Galesloot, T. E. (Tessel E.), Bradfield, J. P. (Jonathan P.), Daw, E. W. (E. Warwick), Zmuda, J. M. (Joseph M.), Mitchell, J. S. (Jonathan S.), Fuchsberger, C. (Christian), Christensen, H. (Henry), Brody, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Feitosa, M. F. (Mary F.), Wojczynski, M. K. (Mary K.), Preuss, M. (Michael), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Christofidou, P. (Paraskevi), Verweij, N. (Niek), Benjamins, J. W. (Jan W.), Engmann, J. (Jorgen), Kember, R. L. (Rachel L.), Slieker, R. C. (Roderick C.), Lo, K. S. (Ken Sin), Zilhao, N. R. (Nuno R.), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Huo, S. (Shaofeng), Ikeda, D. D. (Daisuke D.), Iha, H. (Hiroyuki), Yang, J. (Jian), Liu, J. (Jun), Leonard, H. L. (Hampton L.), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Schmidt, B. (Borge), Arendt, M. (Marina), Smyth, L. J. (Laura J.), Canadas-Garre, M. (Marisa), Wang, C. (Chaolong), Nakatochi, M. (Masahiro), Wong, A. (Andrew), Hutri-Kahonen, N. (Nina), Sim, X. (Xueling), Xia, R. (Rui), Huerta-Chagoya, A. (Alicia), Fernandez-Lopez, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Lyssenko, V. (Valeriya), Ahmed, M. (Meraj), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Irvin, M. R. (Marguerite R.), Oldmeadow, C. (Christopher), Kim, H.-N. (Han-Na), Ryu, S. (Seungho), Timmers, P. R. (Paul R. H. J.), Arbeeva, L. (Liubov), Dorajoo, R. (Rajkumar), Lange, L. A. (Leslie A.), Chai, X. (Xiaoran), Prasad, G. (Gauri), Lores-Motta, L. (Laura), Pauper, M. (Marc), Long, J. (Jirong), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Takeuchi, F. (Fumihiko), Spracklen, C. N. (Cassandra N.), Loukola, A. (Anu), Bollepalli, S. (Sailalitha), Warner, S. C. (Sophie C.), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wei, W. B. (Wen B.), Nutile, T. (Teresa), Ruggiero, D. (Daniela), Sung, Y. J. (Yun Ju), Hung, Y.-J. (Yi-Jen), Chen, S. (Shufeng), Liu, F. (Fangchao), Yang, J. (Jingyun), Kentistou, K. A. (Katherine A.), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Brumat, M. (Marco), Meidtner, K. (Karina), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Smith, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Hebbar, P. (Prashantha), Farmaki, A.-E. (Aliki-Eleni), Hofer, E. (Edith), Lin, M. (Maoxuan), Xue, C. (Chao), Zhang, J. (Jifeng), Concas, M. P. (Maria Pina), Vaccargiu, S. (Simona), van der Most, P. J. (Peter J.), Pitkanen, N. (Niina), Cade, B. E. (Brian E.), Lee, J. (Jiwon), van Der Laan, S. W. (Sander W.), Chitrala, K. N. (Kumaraswamy Naidu), Weiss, S. (Stefan), Zimmermann, M. E. (Martina E.), Lee, J. Y. (Jong Young), Choi, H. S. (Hyeok Sun), Nethander, M. (Maria), Freitag-Wolf, S. (Sandra), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Rayner, N. W. (Nigel W.), Wang, C. A. (Carol A.), Lin, S.-Y. (Shih-Yi), Wang, J.-S. (Jun-Sing), Couture, C. (Christian), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Nikus, K. (Kjell), Cuellar-Partida, G. (Gabriel), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), Hildalgo, B. (Bertha), Giannakopoulou, O. (Olga), Cai, Q. (Qiuyin), Obura, M. O. (Morgan O.), van Setten, J. (Jessica), Li, X. (Xiaoyin), Schwander, K. (Karen), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Shin, J. H. (Jae Hun), Jackson, R. D. (Rebecca D.), Reiner, A. P. (Alexander P.), Martin, L. W. (Lisa Warsinger), Chen, Z. (Zhengming), Li, L. (Liming), Highland, H. M. (Heather M.), Young, K. L. (Kristin L.), Kawaguchi, T. (Takahisa), Thiery, J. (Joachim), Bis, J. C. (Joshua C.), Nadkarni, G. N. (Girish N.), Launer, L. J. (Lenore J.), Li, H. (Huaixing), Nalls, M. A. (Mike A.), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Ichihara, S. (Sahoko), Wild, S. H. (Sarah H.), Nelson, C. P. (Christopher P.), Campbell, H. (Harry), Jager, S. (Susanne), Nabika, T. (Toru), Al-Mulla, F. (Fahd), Niinikoski, H. (Harri), Braund, P. S. (Peter S.), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Kovacs, P. (Peter), Giardoglou, T. (Tota), Katsuya, T. (Tomohiro), Bhatti, F. (Fatima), de Kleijn, D. (Dominique), de Borst, G. J. (Gert J.), Kim, E. K. (Eung Kweon), Adams, H. H. (Hieab H. H.), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Asselbergs, F. W. (Folkert W.), Kraaijeveld, A. O. (Adriaan O.), Beulens, J. W. (Joline W. J.), Shu, X.-O. (Xiao-Ou), Rallidis, L. S. (Loukianos S.), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Hansen, T. (Torben), Mitchell, P. (Paul), Hewitt, A. W. (Alex W.), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Perusse, L. (Louis), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Tonjes, A. (Anke), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der Ida), Pennell, C. E. (Craig E.), Mori, T. A. (Trevor A.), Lieb, W. (Wolfgang), Franke, A. (Andre), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Mellstrom, D. (Dan), Cho, Y. S. (Yoon Shin), Lee, H. (Hyejin), Yuan, J.-M. (Jian-Min), Koh, W.-P. (Woon-Puay), Rhee, S. Y. (Sang Youl), Woo, J.-T. (Jeong-Taek), Heid, I. M. (Iris M.), Stark, K. J. (Klaus J.), Volzke, H. (Henry), Homuth, G. (Georg), Evans, M. K. (Michele K.), Zonderman, A. B. (Alan B.), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Pasterkamp, G. (Gerard), Hoefer, I. E. (Imo E.), Redline, S. (Susan), Pahkala, K. (Katja), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Biino, G. (Ginevra), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Chen, Y. E. (Y. Eugene), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Dedoussis, G. (George), Thanaraj, T. A. (Thangavel Alphonse), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Kato, N. (Norihiro), Schulze, M. B. (Matthias B.), Girotto, G. (Giorgia), Jung, B. (Bettina), Boger, C. A. (Carsten A.), Joshi, P. K. (Peter K.), Bennett, D. A. (David A.), De Jager, P. L. (Philip L.), Lu, X. (Xiangfeng), Mamakou, V. (Vasiliki), Brown, M. (Morris), Caulfield, M. J. (Mark J.), Munroe, P. B. (Patricia B.), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Ciullo, M. (Marina), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Samani, N. J. (Nilesh J.), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Pajukanta, P. (Paivi), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Bechayda, S. A. (Sonny Augustin), de Silva, H. J. (H. Janaka), Wickremasinghe, A. R. (Ananda R.), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), Wu, J.-Y. (Jer-Yuarn), Zheng, W. (Wei), den Hollander, A. I. (Anneke, I), Bharadwaj, D. (Dwaipayan), Correa, A. (Adolfo), Wilson, J. G. (James G.), Lind, L. (Lars), Heng, C.-K. (Chew-Kiat), Nelson, A. E. (Amanda E.), Golightly, Y. M. (Yvonne M.), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Penninx, B. (Brenda), Kim, H.-L. (Hyung-Lae), Attia, J. (John), Scott, R. J. (Rodney J.), Rao, D. C. (D. C.), Arnett, D. K. (Donna K.), Walker, M. (Mark), Koistinen, H. A. (Heikki A.), Chandak, G. R. (Giriraj R.), Yajnik, C. S. (Chittaranjan S.), Mercader, J. M. (Josep M.), Tusie-Luna, T. (Teresa), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Villalpando, C. G. (Clicerio Gonzalez), Orozco, L. (Lorena), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), van Dam, R. M. (Rob M.), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Yokota, M. (Mitsuhiro), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Reilly, D. F. (Dermot F.), McKnight, A. J. (Amy Jayne), Kee, F. (Frank), Jockel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark, I), Palmer, C. N. (Colin N. A.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Simonsick, E. (Eleanor), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), Lu, F. (Fan), Qu, J. (Jia), Hishigaki, H. (Haretsugu), Lin, X. (Xu), Marz, W. (Winfried), Parra, E. J. (Esteban J.), Cruz, M. (Miguel), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Tardif, J.-C. (Jean-Claude), Lettre, G. (Guillaume), Elders, P. J. (Petra J. M.), Damrauer, S. M. (Scott M.), Kumari, M. (Meena), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), van der Harst, P. (Pim), Spector, T. D. (Tim D.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Province, M. A. (Michael A.), Psaty, B. M. (Bruce M.), Brandslund, I. (Ivan), Pramstaller, P. P. (Peter P.), Christensen, K. (Kaare), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Widen, E. (Elisabeth), Hakonarson, H. (Hakon), Grant, S. F. (Struan F. A.), Kiemeney, L. A. (Lambertus A. L. M.), de Graaf, J. (Jacqueline), Loeffler, M. (Markus), Kronenberg, F. (Florian), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Jukema, J. W. (J. Wouter), Khera, A. V. (Amit, V), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Mook-Kanamori, D. O. (Dennis O.), van Dijk, K. W. (Ko Willems), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Strachan, D. P. (David P.), Grarup, N. (Niels), Sever, P. (Peter), Poulter, N. (Neil), Rotter, J. I. (Jerome, I), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Karpe, F. (Fredrik), Neville, M. J. (Matt J.), Timpson, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Wong, T.-Y. (Tien-Yin), Khor, C. C. (Chiea Chuen), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Peters, A. (Annette), Gieger, C. (Christian), Hattersley, A. T. (Andrew T.), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Magnusson, P. K. (Patrik K. E.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), de Geus, E. J. (Eco J. C.), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), van Meurs, J. B. (Joyce B. J.), Ghanbari, M. (Mohsen), Rsen, P. G. (Penny Gordon-La), Huang, W. (Wei), Kim, Y. J. (Young Jin), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Laakso, M. (Markku), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Abecasis, G. (Goncalo), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), de Vries, P. S. (Paul S.), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Daviglus, M. (Martha), Kraft, P. (Peter), Martin, N. G. (Nicholas G.), Whitfield, J. B. (John B.), Abbas, S. (Shahid), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Walters, R. G. (Robin G.), Holmes, M. V. (Michael, V), Black, C. (Corri), Smith, B. H. (Blair H.), Justice, A. E. (Anne E.), Baras, A. (Aris), Buring, J. E. (Julie E.), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel, I), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Wei, W.-Q. (Wei-Qi), Jarvik, G. P. (Gail P.), Namjou, B. (Bahram), Hayes, M. G. (M. Geoffrey), Ritchie, M. D. (Marylyn D.), Jousilahti, P. (Pekka), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Asvold, B. O. (Bjorn Olav), Kubo, M. (Michiaki), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Murakami, Y. (Yoshinori), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ho, Y.-L. (Yuk-Lam), Lynch, J. A. (Julie A.), Rader, D. J. (Daniel J.), Tsao, P. S. (Philip S.), Chang, K.-M. (Kyong-Mi), Cho, K. (Kelly), O'Donnell, C. J. (Christopher J.), Gaziano, J. M. (John M.), Wilson, P. (Peter), Rotimi, C. N. (Charles N.), Hazelhurst, S. (Scott), Ramsay, M. (Michele), Trembath, R. C. (Richard C.), van Heel, D. A. (David A.), Tamiya, G. (Gen), Yamamoto, M. (Masayuki), Kim, B.-J. (Bong-Jo), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Natarajan, P. (Pradeep), Peloso, G. M. (Gina M.), Brown, C. D. (Christopher D.), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Deloukas, P. (Panos), Sun, Y. V. (Yan, V), Willer, C. J. (Cristen J.), Graham, S. E. (Sarah E.), Clarke, S. L. (Shoa L.), Wu, K. H. (Kuan-Han H.), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Zajac, G. J. (Greg J. M.), Ramdas, S. (Shweta), Surakka, I. (Ida), Ntalla, I. (Ioanna), Vedantam, S. (Sailaja), Winkler, T. W. (Thomas W.), Locke, A. E. (Adam E.), Marouli, E. (Eirini), Hwang, M. Y. (Mi Yeong), Han, S. (Sohee), Narita, A. (Akira), Choudhury, A. (Ananyo), Bentley, A. R. (Amy R.), Ekoru, K. (Kenneth), Verma, A. (Anurag), Trivedi, B. (Bhavi), Martin, H. C. (Hilary C.), Hunt, K. A. (Karen A.), Hui, Q. (Qin), Klarin, D. (Derek), Zhu, X. (Xiang), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Helgadottir, A. (Anna), Gudbjartsson, D. F. (Daniel F.), Holm, H. (Hilma), Olafsson, I. (Isleifur), Akiyama, M. (Masato), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terao, C. (Chikashi), Kanai, M. (Masahiro), Zhou, W. (Wei), Brumpton, B. M. (Ben M.), Rasheed, H. (Humaira), Ruotsalainen, S. E. (Sanni E.), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Veturi, Y. (Yogasudha), Feng, Q. (QiPing), Rosenthal, E. A. (Elisabeth A.), Lingren, T. (Todd), Pacheco, J. A. (Jennifer Allen), Pendergrass, S. A. (Sarah A.), Haessler, J. (Jeffrey), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Bradford, Y. (Yuki), Miller, J. E. (Jason E.), Campbell, A. (Archie), Lin, K. (Kuang), Millwood, I. Y. (Iona Y.), Hindy, G. (George), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Faul, J. D. (Jessica D.), Zhao, W. (Wei), Weir, D. R. (David R.), Turman, C. (Constance), Huang, H. (Hongyan), Graff, M. (Mariaelisa), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Brown, M. R. (Michael R.), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Yu, K. (Ketian), Schmidt, E. M. (Ellen M.), Pandit, A. (Anita), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Yin, X. (Xianyong), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Zhao, J.-H. (Jing-Hua), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Jang, H.-M. (Hye-Mi), Yoon, K. (Kyungheon), Medina-Gomez, C. (Carolina), Pitsillides, A. (Achilleas), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Wood, A. R. (Andrew R.), Ji, Y. (Yingji), Gao, Z. (Zishan), Haworth, S. (Simon), Mitchell, R. E. (Ruth E.), Chai, J. F. (Jin Fang), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Yao, J. (Jie), Manichaikul, A. (Ani), Warren, H. R. (Helen R.), Ramirez, J. (Julia), Bork-Jensen, J. (Jette), Karhus, L. L. (Line L.), Goel, A. (Anuj), Sabater-Lleal, M. (Maria), Noordam, R. (Raymond), Sidore, C. (Carlo), Fiorillo, E. (Edoardo), McDaid, A. F. (Aaron F.), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Trompet, S. (Stella), Sattar, N. (Naveed), Mollehave, L. T. (Line T.), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Munz, M. (Matthias), Zeng, L. (Lingyao), Huang, J. (Jianfeng), Yang, B. (Bin), Poveda, A. (Alaitz), Kurbasic, A. (Azra), Lamina, C. (Claudia), Forer, L. (Lukas), Scholz, M. (Markus), Galesloot, T. E. (Tessel E.), Bradfield, J. P. (Jonathan P.), Daw, E. W. (E. Warwick), Zmuda, J. M. (Joseph M.), Mitchell, J. S. (Jonathan S.), Fuchsberger, C. (Christian), Christensen, H. (Henry), Brody, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Feitosa, M. F. (Mary F.), Wojczynski, M. K. (Mary K.), Preuss, M. (Michael), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Christofidou, P. (Paraskevi), Verweij, N. (Niek), Benjamins, J. W. (Jan W.), Engmann, J. (Jorgen), Kember, R. L. (Rachel L.), Slieker, R. C. (Roderick C.), Lo, K. S. (Ken Sin), Zilhao, N. R. (Nuno R.), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Huo, S. (Shaofeng), Ikeda, D. D. (Daisuke D.), Iha, H. (Hiroyuki), Yang, J. (Jian), Liu, J. (Jun), Leonard, H. L. (Hampton L.), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Schmidt, B. (Borge), Arendt, M. (Marina), Smyth, L. J. (Laura J.), Canadas-Garre, M. (Marisa), Wang, C. (Chaolong), Nakatochi, M. (Masahiro), Wong, A. (Andrew), Hutri-Kahonen, N. (Nina), Sim, X. (Xueling), Xia, R. (Rui), Huerta-Chagoya, A. (Alicia), Fernandez-Lopez, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Lyssenko, V. (Valeriya), Ahmed, M. (Meraj), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Irvin, M. R. (Marguerite R.), Oldmeadow, C. (Christopher), Kim, H.-N. (Han-Na), Ryu, S. (Seungho), Timmers, P. R. (Paul R. H. J.), Arbeeva, L. (Liubov), Dorajoo, R. (Rajkumar), Lange, L. A. (Leslie A.), Chai, X. (Xiaoran), Prasad, G. (Gauri), Lores-Motta, L. (Laura), Pauper, M. (Marc), Long, J. (Jirong), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Takeuchi, F. (Fumihiko), Spracklen, C. N. (Cassandra N.), Loukola, A. (Anu), Bollepalli, S. (Sailalitha), Warner, S. C. (Sophie C.), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wei, W. B. (Wen B.), Nutile, T. (Teresa), Ruggiero, D. (Daniela), Sung, Y. J. (Yun Ju), Hung, Y.-J. (Yi-Jen), Chen, S. (Shufeng), Liu, F. (Fangchao), Yang, J. (Jingyun), Kentistou, K. A. (Katherine A.), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Brumat, M. (Marco), Meidtner, K. (Karina), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Smith, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Hebbar, P. (Prashantha), Farmaki, A.-E. (Aliki-Eleni), Hofer, E. (Edith), Lin, M. (Maoxuan), Xue, C. (Chao), Zhang, J. (Jifeng), Concas, M. P. (Maria Pina), Vaccargiu, S. (Simona), van der Most, P. J. (Peter J.), Pitkanen, N. (Niina), Cade, B. E. (Brian E.), Lee, J. (Jiwon), van Der Laan, S. W. (Sander W.), Chitrala, K. N. (Kumaraswamy Naidu), Weiss, S. (Stefan), Zimmermann, M. E. (Martina E.), Lee, J. Y. (Jong Young), Choi, H. S. (Hyeok Sun), Nethander, M. (Maria), Freitag-Wolf, S. (Sandra), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Rayner, N. W. (Nigel W.), Wang, C. A. (Carol A.), Lin, S.-Y. (Shih-Yi), Wang, J.-S. (Jun-Sing), Couture, C. (Christian), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Nikus, K. (Kjell), Cuellar-Partida, G. (Gabriel), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), Hildalgo, B. (Bertha), Giannakopoulou, O. (Olga), Cai, Q. (Qiuyin), Obura, M. O. (Morgan O.), van Setten, J. (Jessica), Li, X. (Xiaoyin), Schwander, K. (Karen), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Shin, J. H. (Jae Hun), Jackson, R. D. (Rebecca D.), Reiner, A. P. (Alexander P.), Martin, L. W. (Lisa Warsinger), Chen, Z. (Zhengming), Li, L. (Liming), Highland, H. M. (Heather M.), Young, K. L. (Kristin L.), Kawaguchi, T. (Takahisa), Thiery, J. (Joachim), Bis, J. C. (Joshua C.), Nadkarni, G. N. (Girish N.), Launer, L. J. (Lenore J.), Li, H. (Huaixing), Nalls, M. A. (Mike A.), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Ichihara, S. (Sahoko), Wild, S. H. (Sarah H.), Nelson, C. P. (Christopher P.), Campbell, H. (Harry), Jager, S. (Susanne), Nabika, T. (Toru), Al-Mulla, F. (Fahd), Niinikoski, H. (Harri), Braund, P. S. (Peter S.), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Kovacs, P. (Peter), Giardoglou, T. (Tota), Katsuya, T. (Tomohiro), Bhatti, F. (Fatima), de Kleijn, D. (Dominique), de Borst, G. J. (Gert J.), Kim, E. K. (Eung Kweon), Adams, H. H. (Hieab H. H.), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Asselbergs, F. W. (Folkert W.), Kraaijeveld, A. O. (Adriaan O.), Beulens, J. W. (Joline W. J.), Shu, X.-O. (Xiao-Ou), Rallidis, L. S. (Loukianos S.), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Hansen, T. (Torben), Mitchell, P. (Paul), Hewitt, A. W. (Alex W.), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Perusse, L. (Louis), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Tonjes, A. (Anke), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der Ida), Pennell, C. E. (Craig E.), Mori, T. A. (Trevor A.), Lieb, W. (Wolfgang), Franke, A. (Andre), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Mellstrom, D. (Dan), Cho, Y. S. (Yoon Shin), Lee, H. (Hyejin), Yuan, J.-M. (Jian-Min), Koh, W.-P. (Woon-Puay), Rhee, S. Y. (Sang Youl), Woo, J.-T. (Jeong-Taek), Heid, I. M. (Iris M.), Stark, K. J. (Klaus J.), Volzke, H. (Henry), Homuth, G. (Georg), Evans, M. K. (Michele K.), Zonderman, A. B. (Alan B.), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Pasterkamp, G. (Gerard), Hoefer, I. E. (Imo E.), Redline, S. (Susan), Pahkala, K. (Katja), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Biino, G. (Ginevra), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Chen, Y. E. (Y. Eugene), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Dedoussis, G. (George), Thanaraj, T. A. (Thangavel Alphonse), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Kato, N. (Norihiro), Schulze, M. B. (Matthias B.), Girotto, G. (Giorgia), Jung, B. (Bettina), Boger, C. A. (Carsten A.), Joshi, P. K. (Peter K.), Bennett, D. A. (David A.), De Jager, P. L. (Philip L.), Lu, X. (Xiangfeng), Mamakou, V. (Vasiliki), Brown, M. (Morris), Caulfield, M. J. (Mark J.), Munroe, P. B. (Patricia B.), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Ciullo, M. (Marina), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Samani, N. J. (Nilesh J.), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Pajukanta, P. (Paivi), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Bechayda, S. A. (Sonny Augustin), de Silva, H. J. (H. Janaka), Wickremasinghe, A. R. (Ananda R.), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), Wu, J.-Y. (Jer-Yuarn), Zheng, W. (Wei), den Hollander, A. I. (Anneke, I), Bharadwaj, D. (Dwaipayan), Correa, A. (Adolfo), Wilson, J. G. (James G.), Lind, L. (Lars), Heng, C.-K. (Chew-Kiat), Nelson, A. E. (Amanda E.), Golightly, Y. M. (Yvonne M.), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Penninx, B. (Brenda), Kim, H.-L. (Hyung-Lae), Attia, J. (John), Scott, R. J. (Rodney J.), Rao, D. C. (D. C.), Arnett, D. K. (Donna K.), Walker, M. (Mark), Koistinen, H. A. (Heikki A.), Chandak, G. R. (Giriraj R.), Yajnik, C. S. (Chittaranjan S.), Mercader, J. M. (Josep M.), Tusie-Luna, T. (Teresa), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Villalpando, C. G. (Clicerio Gonzalez), Orozco, L. (Lorena), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), van Dam, R. M. (Rob M.), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Yokota, M. (Mitsuhiro), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Reilly, D. F. (Dermot F.), McKnight, A. J. (Amy Jayne), Kee, F. (Frank), Jockel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark, I), Palmer, C. N. (Colin N. A.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Simonsick, E. (Eleanor), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), Lu, F. (Fan), Qu, J. (Jia), Hishigaki, H. (Haretsugu), Lin, X. (Xu), Marz, W. (Winfried), Parra, E. J. (Esteban J.), Cruz, M. (Miguel), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Tardif, J.-C. (Jean-Claude), Lettre, G. (Guillaume), Elders, P. J. (Petra J. M.), Damrauer, S. M. (Scott M.), Kumari, M. (Meena), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), van der Harst, P. (Pim), Spector, T. D. (Tim D.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Province, M. A. (Michael A.), Psaty, B. M. (Bruce M.), Brandslund, I. (Ivan), Pramstaller, P. P. (Peter P.), Christensen, K. (Kaare), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Widen, E. (Elisabeth), Hakonarson, H. (Hakon), Grant, S. F. (Struan F. A.), Kiemeney, L. A. (Lambertus A. L. M.), de Graaf, J. (Jacqueline), Loeffler, M. (Markus), Kronenberg, F. (Florian), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Jukema, J. W. (J. Wouter), Khera, A. V. (Amit, V), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Mook-Kanamori, D. O. (Dennis O.), van Dijk, K. W. (Ko Willems), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Strachan, D. P. (David P.), Grarup, N. (Niels), Sever, P. (Peter), Poulter, N. (Neil), Rotter, J. I. (Jerome, I), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Karpe, F. (Fredrik), Neville, M. J. (Matt J.), Timpson, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Wong, T.-Y. (Tien-Yin), Khor, C. C. (Chiea Chuen), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Peters, A. (Annette), Gieger, C. (Christian), Hattersley, A. T. (Andrew T.), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Magnusson, P. K. (Patrik K. E.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), de Geus, E. J. (Eco J. C.), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), van Meurs, J. B. (Joyce B. J.), Ghanbari, M. (Mohsen), Rsen, P. G. (Penny Gordon-La), Huang, W. (Wei), Kim, Y. J. (Young Jin), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Laakso, M. (Markku), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Abecasis, G. (Goncalo), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), de Vries, P. S. (Paul S.), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Daviglus, M. (Martha), Kraft, P. (Peter), Martin, N. G. (Nicholas G.), Whitfield, J. B. (John B.), Abbas, S. (Shahid), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Walters, R. G. (Robin G.), Holmes, M. V. (Michael, V), Black, C. (Corri), Smith, B. H. (Blair H.), Justice, A. E. (Anne E.), Baras, A. (Aris), Buring, J. E. (Julie E.), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel, I), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Wei, W.-Q. (Wei-Qi), Jarvik, G. P. (Gail P.), Namjou, B. (Bahram), Hayes, M. G. (M. Geoffrey), Ritchie, M. D. (Marylyn D.), Jousilahti, P. (Pekka), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Asvold, B. O. (Bjorn Olav), Kubo, M. (Michiaki), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Murakami, Y. (Yoshinori), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ho, Y.-L. (Yuk-Lam), Lynch, J. A. (Julie A.), Rader, D. J. (Daniel J.), Tsao, P. S. (Philip S.), Chang, K.-M. (Kyong-Mi), Cho, K. (Kelly), O'Donnell, C. J. (Christopher J.), Gaziano, J. M. (John M.), Wilson, P. (Peter), Rotimi, C. N. (Charles N.), Hazelhurst, S. (Scott), Ramsay, M. (Michele), Trembath, R. C. (Richard C.), van Heel, D. A. (David A.), Tamiya, G. (Gen), Yamamoto, M. (Masayuki), Kim, B.-J. (Bong-Jo), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Natarajan, P. (Pradeep), Peloso, G. M. (Gina M.), Brown, C. D. (Christopher D.), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Deloukas, P. (Panos), Sun, Y. V. (Yan, V), and Willer, C. J. (Cristen J.)

Abstract

Increased blood lipid levels are heritable risk factors of cardiovascular disease with varied prevalence worldwide owing to different dietary patterns and medication use1. Despite advances in prevention and treatment, in particular through reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels2, heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide3. Genome-wideassociation studies (GWAS) of blood lipid levels have led to important biological and clinical insights, as well as new drug targets, for cardiovascular disease. However, most previous GWAS4‐23 have been conducted in European ancestry populations and may have missed genetic variants that contribute to lipid-level variation in other ancestry groups. These include differences in allele frequencies, effect sizes and linkage-disequilibrium patterns24. Here we conduct a multi-ancestry, genome-wide genetic discovery meta-analysis of lipid levels in approximately 1.65 million individuals, including 350,000 of non-European ancestries. We quantify the gain in studying non-European ancestries and provide evidence to support the expansion of recruitment of additional ancestries, even with relatively small sample sizes. We find that increasing diversity rather than studying additional individuals of European ancestry results in substantial improvements in fine-mapping functional variants and portability of polygenic prediction (evaluated in approximately 295,000 individuals from 7 ancestry groupings). Modest gains in the number of discovered loci and ancestry-specific variants were also achieved. As GWAS expand emphasis beyond the identification of genes and fundamental biology towards the use of genetic variants for preventive and precision medicine25, we anticipate that increased diversity of participants will lead to more accurate and equitable26 application of polygenic scores in clinical practice.

Published
2021

16. Frail or not? An explorative mixed methods evaluation of a sensory-based frailty assessment toolkit

Author

Hoonakker, A.E., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), Donker, S, Hoonakker, A.E., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), and Donker, S

Abstract

The worlds population is aging (United Nations, 2015). As the aging population is more prone to developing frailty, it is important to assess and monitor this condition. Frailty is a state of health where ones overall well-being and ability to function independently are reduced, with an increased vulnerability to deterioration (Morley et al., 2003). Current assessment methods of frailty are prone to error due to human bias and memory loss and rely on well-trained clinicians to interpret results. Frailty is a dynamic condition and continuous assessment would assist in diagnosing the condition early on. A prototype of a frailty toolkit is being developed by Chao Bian and his team at the IATSL in Toronto to monitor and assess frailty in older adults’ homes. This toolkit will assess frailty by measuring Fried’s Frailty Phenotypes (Fried et al., 2001) through home monitoring technologies. It is important to involve older adults in the development of this toolkit as research shows that lack of user involvement is a reason for assistive technology abandonment. This study therefore researched older adults attitudes and preferences towards home monitoring technologies. A focus group study was carried out, which provided insights on what technologies older adults want to interact with and what issues were perceived with in-home frailty monitoring. Privacy proved to be a concern for most older adults, corresponding with previous research (Courtney et al., 2008). The data from the focus group was used to select technologies for the toolkit. This toolkit was evaluated with an online usability assessment. Results show that the toolkit in general was well received. However, participants indicated points of improvement such as the ability to personalize when users are prompted to interact with the toolkit. The results also suggested that proper explanation is needed to address why the toolkit is necessary for older adults and their clinicians.

Published
2020

17. Exploring general outcome measures for decision making using a wearable eye tracker

Author

Wagenvoort, T.J., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), Hooge, I., Wagenvoort, T.J., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), and Hooge, I.

Abstract

Studying gaze behavior using eye tracking can give insights in decision making processes regarding food choices. However, commonly used analyses that involve area of interests (AOI’s) are difficult to implement in measurements made in complex environments like a supermarket. In these cases it could be beneficial to use general outcome measures that do not use AOI’s. In this study, we investigated with a wearable eye tracker if general outcome measures can account for differences in gaze behavior for customers that already decided what to buy (resembling a search task) or did not yet decided what to buy (resembling a decision task). Additionally, we took into account their familiarity with the supermarket (resembling learning effects). This study substantiates the Natural Decision Segmentation Model by providing evidence for differences in gaze behavior during the ‘orientation’ compared to the ‘evaluation and verification’ phase using general outcome measures. More specifically, undecided unfamiliar customers had higher standard deviations of saccadic amplitude and velocity, and longer mean saccadic durations in the orientation phase compared to other customers. Although the results should be considered with nuance, they seem to support the feasibility of wearable eye tracking research in complex and applied settings by means of general outcome measures analyses.

Published
2020

18. Practice makes perfect: Repeatedly dealing with response conflict facilitates its identification and speed of resolution

Author

Leerstoel Ridder, Stress and self-regulation, Helmholtz Institute, Leerstoel Postma, Work and Organizational Psychology: Occupational Health Psychology, Leerstoel Taris, Gillebaart, M., Benjamins, J., van der Weiden, A., Ybema, J.F., De Ridder, D., Leerstoel Ridder, Stress and self-regulation, Helmholtz Institute, Leerstoel Postma, Work and Organizational Psychology: Occupational Health Psychology, Leerstoel Taris, Gillebaart, M., Benjamins, J., van der Weiden, A., Ybema, J.F., and De Ridder, D.

Published
2020

19. The Influence of Transparency on Default Effects

Author

Adams, M.P., Wachner, J. (Thesis Advisor), Ridder, D, de, Benjamins, J., Adams, M.P., Wachner, J. (Thesis Advisor), Ridder, D, de, and Benjamins, J.

Abstract

Nudge transparency has been proposed to protect decision makers from manipulation. Although most research shows disclosure not to influence default effects, recent findings suggest that disclosure may enhance default effects. The aim of the present research was to replicate and extend this positive transparency effect. Three conditions were assessed in an online experiment: a transparent default, a non-transparent default, and a control condition. Participants’ feelings towards the nudge and researchers were assessed to understand the mechanisms associated with default compliance. Transparency did not influence default effects and none of the measures were associated with default compliance. Instead, the default setting was found to exert pressure and both default conditions were perceived to be less fair than the control condition. When the purpose of the default setting was disclosed, the researchers were perceived as less ethical. These findings suggest that, even with disclosure, decision makers are still unable to resist the influence of default settings.

Published
2020

31. Proactive and reactive self-control: A study investigating the influence of self-control strategies on response conflict.

Author

Verheij, J., Gillebaart, M. (Thesis Advisor), Benjamins, J., Verheij, J., Gillebaart, M. (Thesis Advisor), and Benjamins, J.

Abstract

Self-control is of great importance in many positive life outcomes. Therefore, studies investigating self-control are of great scientific and societal value. Recent papers argue that people use self-control strategies to resolve self-control conflicts. This study suggested a division in proactive and reactive self-control strategies, and examined the tendency to use proactive and reactive self-control strategies and how they are associated with response conflict and trait self-control. Furthermore, the association of trait self-control with response conflict was examined. Participants were recruited through Prolific Academic (N = 69; Mage = 31.87; 72.5% female). A new self-control scale was introduced to measure proactive and reactive self-control strategies. Response conflict magnitude was assessed by reports on pictorial stimuli of foods and phone settings, and trait self-control was measured with the Brief Self-Control Scale. The results show that proactive, reactive and trait self-control strategies are not associated with response conflict. Promising correlations were found between trait self-control and proactive (positive correlation) and reactive (negative correlation) self-control strategies, which are in line with recent developments of self-control studies. Future research is needed to further explore this possible link. This study underscores the value of investigating the domain of self-control and its positive consequences (later) in life.

Published
2019

32. Eigen Regie volgens Ouders en Professionals

Author

Kusters, B.H.T.H., Vissenberg, C. (Thesis Advisor), Benjamins, J., Ploeg, M.R., Kusters, B.H.T.H., Vissenberg, C. (Thesis Advisor), Benjamins, J., and Ploeg, M.R.

Abstract

Door de transitie van de wet op jeugdzorg naar de nieuwe Jeugdwet is in de hulpverlening voor jeugdigen de nadruk komen te liggen op eigen regie. Er is echter weinig bekend over eigen regie in de praktijk. Met deze kwalitatieve studie wordt onderzocht hoe ouders en professionals eigen regie definiëren en hoe zij eigen regie ervaren binnen de CJG’s Noord-Veluwe. Daarnaast zijn de helpende en belemmerende factoren voor eigen regie in kaart gebracht. Dit onderzoek heeft eigen regie geoperationaliseerd in de volgende kernelementen: eigenaarschap, kracht, motivatie en sociale contacten. Deze kernelementen lijken randvoorwaarden te zijn voor het kunnen ervaren van eigen regie. Voor dit onderzoek zijn vijf ouders en twee professionals, allen betrokken bij de CJG’s Noord-Veluwe, geïnterviewd middels een semi-gestructureerd interview. Daarnaast is er een focusgroep georganiseerd met drie professionals van het CJG Noord-Veluwe. De daaruit voortkomende data is geanalyseerd met behulp van analyse-software Nvivo. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat eigenaarschap als belangrijkste element van eigen regie naar voren komt bij zowel ouders als professionals. Met name zelf beslissen en zelf bepalen werden genoemd als zijnde belangrijk voor (het ervaren van) eigen regie. Het volgen van de ouder in zijn/haar hulpvraag door de professional, werd als belangrijkste helpende factor gezien. De grootst ervaren belemmering voor eigen regie is wet- en regelgeving. Deze belemmering is het sterkst ervaren door ouders van volwassen kinderen. Vanwege de geringe steekproef en de specifieke benadering van eigen regie door het CJG Noord-Veluwe kunnen deze resultaten niet gegeneraliseerd worden naar andere CJG’s in Nederland. Het is wenselijk om in vervolgonderzoek te kijken naar het ervaren van eigen regie door ouders met volwassen kinderen in de hulpverlening. Dit omdat ouders van volwassen kinderen minder eigen regie lijken te ervaren. Verder wordt aangeraden onderzoek te doen naar de rol van verantwoorde

Published
2019

33. Enhancing cardiovascular artificial intelligence (AI) research in the Netherlands: CVON-AI consortium

Author

Arts Assistenten Cardiologie, MMB opleiding Arts microbioloog, MMB Research line 3b, Experimentele Afd. Cardiologie 1, Circulatory Health, Beeldverwerking ISI, Cancer, Brain, Researchgr. Cardiovasculaire Radiologie, Team Medisch, Benjamins, J. W., van Leeuwen, K., Hofstra, L., Rienstra, M., Appelman, Y., Nijhof, W., Verlaat, B., Everts, I., den Ruijter, H. M., Isgum, I., Leiner, T., Vliegenthart, R., Asselbergs, F. W., Juarez-Orozco, L. E., van der Harst, P., Arts Assistenten Cardiologie, MMB opleiding Arts microbioloog, MMB Research line 3b, Experimentele Afd. Cardiologie 1, Circulatory Health, Beeldverwerking ISI, Cancer, Brain, Researchgr. Cardiovasculaire Radiologie, Team Medisch, Benjamins, J. W., van Leeuwen, K., Hofstra, L., Rienstra, M., Appelman, Y., Nijhof, W., Verlaat, B., Everts, I., den Ruijter, H. M., Isgum, I., Leiner, T., Vliegenthart, R., Asselbergs, F. W., Juarez-Orozco, L. E., and van der Harst, P.

Published
2019

35. High rate of failed visual-acuity measurements with the Amsterdam Picture Chart in screening at the age of 36 months

Author

Telleman, M.A.J. (Marieke A. J.), Sloot, F. (Frea), Benjamins, J. (Janine), Simonsz, H.J. (Huib), Telleman, M.A.J. (Marieke A. J.), Sloot, F. (Frea), Benjamins, J. (Janine), and Simonsz, H.J. (Huib)

Abstract

Purpose: In the Netherlands, youth health care physicians and nurses screen all children for general health disorders at Child Health Care Centers. As part of this, the eyes are screened seven times, with the first visual acuity (VA) measurement at 36 months with the Amsterdam Picture Chart (APK). The suitability of the APK has been questioned. Methods: Children born between July 2011 and June 2012 born in the provinces Drenthe, Gelderland and Flevoland and invited for screening at 36 months were eligible. Parents were sent the APK picture optotypes to practise with their children in advance. Data were collected from electronic screening records. The Dutch vision screening guideline prescribes that children with VA <5/6, or one line interocular difference (not logMAR, however) should be retested or referred. Results: Of 10 809 eligible children, 1546 did not attend and 602 attended but had no VA measurement at age 36 months, 247 of these were under orthoptic treatment. Of the 8448 children examined, VA was sufficient in 5663 (67.0%) and insufficient in 1312 (15.5%). In 1400 (16.6%), the measurement of VA itself failed. In 73 (0.9%), data were missing. Of the 216 children with 2 failed VA measurements, 150 (69%) were not referred, and measurement of VA was deferred to the next general screening examination at 45 months. Conclusion: Although most parents had practised the APK picture optotypes at home with their children, the rate of failed APK measurements plus the measurements with insufficient VA was 32.1% at 36 months. Similar rates have previously been reported for Lea Symbols and HOTV, permitting the conclusion that measurement of VA at the age of 36 months cannot be recommended as a screening test in the general population.

Published
2018
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36. Erratum to: The sleep registry. An international online survey and cognitive test assessment tool and database for multivariate sleep and insomnia phenotyping (Sleep Medicine (2013) 14S (e293–e294))

Author

Benjamins, J., Migliorati, F., Dekker, K., Wassing, R., Moens, S., Van Someren, E., Hartescu, I., Itzhacki, J., Pinto, T., Tesler, N., Perrier, J., Garbazza, C., Jarkiewicz, M., Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, and Psychiatry

Abstract

The authors would like to inform you that the name of the seventh author was incorrectly listed as “L. Hartescu” in their published article. Dr Hartescu's affiliation to Loughborough University was also missed. We apologise for these errors, which have been corrected above.

Published
2016
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39. Solid nanofoams based on cellulose nanofibers and indomethacin—the effect of processing parameters and drug content on material structure

Author

Bannow, J., Benjamins, J. -W, Wohlert, Jakob, Löbmann, K., Svagan, Anna J., Bannow, J., Benjamins, J. -W, Wohlert, Jakob, Löbmann, K., and Svagan, Anna J.

Abstract

The unique colloidal properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), makes CNF a very interesting new excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, as CNF in combination with some poorly-soluble drugs can create nanofoams with closed cells. Previous nanofoams, created with the model drug indomethacin, demonstrated a prolonged release compared to films, owing to the tortuous diffusion path that the drug needs to take around the intact air-bubbles. However, the nanofoam was only obtained at a relatively low drug content of 21 wt% using fixed processing parameters. Herein, the effect of indomethacin content and processing parameters on the foaming properties was analysed. Results demonstrate that a certain amount of dissolved drug is needed to stabilize air-bubbles. At the same time, larger fractions of dissolved drug promote coarsening/collapse of the wet foam. The pendant drop/bubble profile tensiometry was used to verify the wet-foam stability at different pHs. The pH influenced the amount of solubilized drug and the processing-window was very narrow at high drug loadings. The results were compared to real foaming-experiments and solid state analysis of the final cellular solids. The parameters were assembled into a processing chart, highlighting the importance of the right combination of processing parameters (pH and time-point of pH adjustment) in order to successfully prepare cellular solid materials with up to 46 wt% drug loading., QC 20170620

Published
2017
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40. Solid nanofoams based on cellulose nanofibers and indomethacin-the effect of processing parameters and drug content on material structure

Author

Bannow, J, Benjamins, J-W, Wohlert, J, Löbmann, K, Svagan, A J, Bannow, J, Benjamins, J-W, Wohlert, J, Löbmann, K, and Svagan, A J

Abstract

The unique colloidal properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), makes CNF a very interesting new excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, as CNF in combination with some poorly-soluble drugs can create nanofoams with closed cells. Previous nanofoams, created with the model drug indomethacin, demonstrated a prolonged release compared to films, owing to the tortuous diffusion path that the drug needs to take around the intact air-bubbles. However, the nanofoam was only obtained at a relatively low drug content of 21wt% using fixed processing parameters. Herein, the effect of indomethacin content and processing parameters on the foaming properties was analysed. Results demonstrate that a certain amount of dissolved drug is needed to stabilize air-bubbles. At the same time, larger fractions of dissolved drug promote coarsening/collapse of the wet foam. The pendant drop/bubble profile tensiometry was used to verify the wet-foam stability at different pHs. The pH influenced the amount of solubilized drug and the processing-window was very narrow at high drug loadings. The results were compared to real foaming-experiments and solid state analysis of the final cellular solids. The parameters were assembled into a processing chart, highlighting the importance of the right combination of processing parameters (pH and time-point of pH adjustment) in order to successfully prepare cellular solid materials with up to 46 wt% drug loading.

Published
2017

41. De invloed van homogeniteit van gezichten in reclames op oogfixaties, herinnering en waardering.

Author

Lijster, C. de, Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), Schutte, I, Lijster, C. de, Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), and Schutte, I

Abstract

In dit onderzoek is onderzocht hoe de homogeniteit (het gebruik van dezelfde hoofdpersoon over meerdere reclames) van gezichten in reclames invloed heeft op oogfixaties, het juist herinneren van een merk en de waardering van reclames. Via eye tracking zijn oogbewegingen bijgehouden tijdens het bekijken van reclames. Vervolgens werd de herinnering en waardering van de reclames gemeten. Er werd verwacht dat homogene reclames beter worden herinnerd en gewaardeerd dan heterogene reclames. Daarnaast werd er ook verwacht dat er meer oogfixaties zullen zijn op de gezichten in homogene reclames dan in heterogene reclames. Resultaten lieten zien dat homogene reclames beter worden herinnerd en gewaardeerd dan heterogene reclames. Er was geen significant verschil tussen de oogfixaties op het gezicht in homogene reclames en heterogene reclames. Kortom, consistentie zorgt voor een betere herinnering en waardering. De oorzaak van het juist herinneren van een reclame ligt niet in het aantal oogfixaties. Hogere cognitieve processen zijn waarschijnlijk van invloed als het gaat om herinnering.

Published
2016

42. De rol van perfectionisme bij het ontstaan van psychische klachten na een relatiebreuk en het mogelijk mediërende effect van rumineren en piekeren

Author

Tommel, J., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), Eisma, M., Tommel, J., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), and Eisma, M.

Abstract

Deze studie onderzocht de rol van perfectionisme bij het ontstaan van psychische klachten na een relatiebreuk. Perfectionisme kan worden opgedeeld in twee vormen: adaptief perfectionisme en maladaptief perfectionisme. In tegenstelling tot adaptief perfectionisme, is maladaptief perfectionisme gelinkt aan zowel psychologische als fysieke distress. Naast perfectionisme onderzocht deze studie de rol van rumineren en piekeren op de relatie tussen maladaptief perfectionisme en psychologische problemen. De steekproef bestond uit 72 participanten die een relatiebreuk hadden meegemaakt. Onder hen werd de Multidimensional Perfectionsism Scale (MPS) en vragenlijsten naar depressie, angst, relatiebreuk gerelateerde gecompliceerde rouw, rumineren en piekeren afgenomen. De resultaten toonden aan dat maladaptief perfectionisme geassocieerd is met symptomen van depressie, angst en gecompliceerde rouw. Adaptief perfectionisme was niet gerelateerd aan deze symptomen. Rumineren en piekeren bleken beide de relatie tussen maladaptief perfectionisme en symptomen van depressie, angst en gecompliceerde rouw partieel te mediëren. Maladaptief perfectionisme verklaarde op zichzelf echter een groter deel van de variantie dan de mediatie-effecten via rumineren en piekeren. In het licht van klinische implicatie is dit jammer omdat rumineren en piekeren beter te behandelen zijn dan een relatief constante persoonlijkheidstrek zoals perfectionisme.

Published
2016

43. Exploring the possibility of pro-environmental nudging by fine-tuning the stairs versus elevator nudge.

Author

Weghorst, M.H., Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), Janssen, C, Weghorst, M.H., Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), and Janssen, C

Abstract

This study focused on the question whether nudging could be used as a tool to elicit pro-environmental behaviour in a context where people have to choose between taking the stairs and taking the elevator. Stair use was stimulated by a combination of green footprints on the floor, leading to the stairwell, and posters with salient injunctive norms accompanied by stair-use-stimulating messages in the elevator and stairwell area. The main findings showed a significant and stable increase (6.3-8.7%) in stair use when comparing the pre-intervention period with the 4-week intervention period. An expected moderating group effect was not found. Although the increase in stair use was significant, it did not lead to a decrease in the number of elevators per person, which implies that no energy was saved by this intervention. The tested nudges are, however, a cheap and reasonably efficient tool for health-promotion.

Published
2016

44. Sleep and its effect on food related self-control

Author

Hooijdonk, I.E.M. van, Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), Hogendoorn, R, Hooijdonk, I.E.M. van, Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), and Hogendoorn, R

Abstract

During the last decades the obesity rate has grown dramatically. That is why a lot of research has been done on possible causes. One such plausible link has been found in sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation has been linked to an impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) and executive functioning, of which self-control is an important part. This is why the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep on food-related self-control. The manipulation of sleep was controlled by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), online sleep diaries, by wearing an actigraph device and through performing the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). Food choices as well as self-control were measured using a choice task with simultaneous eye-tracking measurements. As expected, no deviations were found in sleep patterns between control and experimental weeks, but reaction times were significantly slower during the wake condition in the experimental week. However, participants chose healthy products more often and rated these also higher in both conditions. No significant effects were found in reaction times of the responses during the choice task between the sleep and wake condition. When dividing the group into restrained and non-restrained eaters, only the non-restrained eaters seemed to be affected by sleep deprivation. These contrasting results strengthen the fact that more research has to be done.

Published
2016

45. Comparing different sleep diaries with activity tracker data

Author

Klein, J. de, Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), Spruijt, S, Klein, J. de, Benjamins, J (Thesis Advisor), and Spruijt, S

Abstract

Insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders, and can have serious mental and physical consequences. Through recent technological and societal developments, new sleep monitoring and treatment methods such as the use of mobile applications are on the rise. As this field is relatively new, this present study aims to compare and evaluate 1) a standardized sleep diary (CSD), 2) a mobile application diary with 3) activity tracker data to assess which one is best suited for use in a mobile setting. Fifteen participants completed each diary for four nights while simultaneously wearing an activity tracker. The findings suggest that both diaries are good at assessing total sleep time, but are inconsistent on other parameters. Nevertheless, we conclude that the CSD performed the best in this scenario. A user experience questionnaire showed that the mobile application diary was rated considerably better and than the CSD however, and so it seems to be well suited for its intended purpose.

Published
2016

47. De invloed van intolerantie van onzekerheid op depressie en algemene mentale gezondheid in combinatie met de mediërende effecten van piekeren en rumineren na een relatiebreuk

Author

Grijpstra, A.T., Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor), Grijpstra, A.T., and Benjamins, J. (Thesis Advisor)

Abstract

Een relatiebreuk is een veelvoorkomende gebeurtenis die erg stressvol kan zijn. De persoonlijkheidstrek intolerantie van onzekerheid (IVO) zorgt voor een verhoogd risico op het ontwikkelen van emotionele problemen na een relatiebreuk. Deze emotionele problemen kunnen versterkt worden via de mechanismen piekeren en rumineren. Het doel van het onderzoek is om te onderzoeken of piekeren en rumineren een mediërend effect uitoefenen op de relatie tussen IVO en emotionele problemen na een relatiebreuk, zodat passende hulp geboden kan worden na deze veelal stressvolle gebeurtenis. In het huidige onderzoek is een online vragenlijst aangeboden aan participanten van alle leeftijden. In totaal hebben 72 participanten deelgenomen. De verbroken relatie diende langer dan twee maanden te duren en maximaal 12 maanden geleden verbroken te zijn. Emotionele problemen zijn uitgevraagd via de uitkomstmaten depressie en de afwezigheid van goede algemene mentale gezondheid. Data is geanalyseerd door middel van de bootstrapping methode van Preacher & Hayes om vast te stellen of mediatie voorkomt. Resultaten geven weer dat geen van de verwachtte mediatie modellen significant is. Alternatieve factoren en steekproef gerelateerde aspecten worden besproken om de gevonden resultaten te verklaren.

Published
2016

48. Erratum to: The sleep registry. An international online survey and cognitive test assessment tool and database for multivariate sleep and insomnia phenotyping [Sleep Medicine 14S (2013) e293–e294]

Author

Benjamins, J., primary, Migliorati, F., additional, Dekker, K., additional, Wassing, R., additional, Moens, S., additional, Van Someren, E., additional, Hartescu, I., additional, Itzhacki, J., additional, Pinto, T., additional, Tesler, N., additional, Perrier, J., additional, Garbazza, C., additional, and Jarkiewicz, M., additional

Published
2016
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50. Mechanisms behind the Stabilizing Action of Cellulose Nanofibrils in Wet-Stable Cellulose Foams

Author

Cervin, Nicholas Tchang, Johansson, E., Benjamins, J. -W, Wågberg, Lars, Cervin, Nicholas Tchang, Johansson, E., Benjamins, J. -W, and Wågberg, Lars

Abstract

The principal purpose of the investigation was to clarify the mechanisms behind the stabilizing action of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) in wet-stable cellulose foams. Following the basic theories for particle-stabilized foams, the investigation was focused on how the surface energy of the stabilizing CNF particles, their aspect ratio and charge density, and the concentration of CNF particles at the air-water interface affect the foam stability and the mechanical properties of a particle-stabilized air-liquid interface. The foam stability was evaluated from how the foam height changed over time, and the mechanical properties of the interface were evaluated as the complex viscoelastic modulus of the interface using the pendant drop method. The most important results and conclusions are that CNFs can be used as stabilizing particles for aqueous foams already at a concentration as low as 5 g/L. The major reasons for this were the small dimensions of the CNF and their high aspect ratio, which is important for gel-formation and the complex viscoelastic modulus of the particle-filled air-water interface. The influence of the aspect ratio was also demonstrated by a much higher foam stability of foams stabilized with CNFs than of foams stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with the same chemical composition. The charge density of the CNFs affects the level of liberation within larger aggregates and hence also the number of contact points at the interface and the gel formation and complex viscoelastic modulus of the air-water interface. The charges also result in a disjoining pressure related to the long-range repulsive electrostatic pressure between particle-stabilized bubbles and hence contribute to foam stability. (Figure Presented)., QC 20150527

Published
2015
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